JPH0933169A - Drying device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To effect efficient heating of material for drying with the change in cubic volume of material for drying inside a drying vessel taken into consideration. SOLUTION: Relating to a drying vessel 201 having a cylindrical drum part 55 and a bottom part 57 a drying device comprises the lower side and the lateral side and a heat exchanger provided at a part of the lower side. The heating range at the side of the heat exchanger reaches from one half to one third of the height of the heap of material for drying charged inside the drying vessel 201. Through a warm-water inflow pipe joint 75a warm water flows into the heat exchanger 77 of the baffle type formed on the bottom side of the drying vessel 201. After thus flowing in, the warm water flows from the center toward the periphery, flows through a passage hole formed in flanges 64, 66, and into a jacket part 88 formed on the lower, outer side of the drums part 55 of the drying vessel 201. As a result, the material for drying held in the drying vessel 201 is heated not only from the bottom of the drying vessel 201 but also from the material side and the vaporization of its moisture is accelerated.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a drying device, and more particularly, to a vacuum drying device that accommodates and heats an object to be dried such as kitchen waste and evaporates and dries the moisture.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A drying container containing an object to be dried such as kitchen waste is decompressed to a vacuum to lower the boiling point, and a heat pump is used to heat the drying container to evaporate water from the object to be dried. There is known a vacuum dryer that returns the evaporated water to water condensed by cold heat generated by a heat pump and discharges the water to the outside of the apparatus.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a schematic structure of such a vacuum drying apparatus. Referring to the drawings, the vacuum drying apparatus is generally a closed container-shaped drying container 201 in which an object to be dried such as kitchen waste is housed, and a steam discharge pipe 11 in the drying container 201.
Via a condenser 203, a cooling / heating device 205 including a heat pump chiller unit, a vacuum pump for bringing the inside of the drying container 201 into a vacuum state via the condenser 203 and the steam discharge pipe 11. And 33. In addition, a stirring drive unit 69 is provided at the bottom of the drying container 201.
A stirring arm and a scraper (not shown) connected to the are attached.

The cold / hot heat generator 205 is composed of a condenser unit 21, an expansion valve 23, and an evaporation unit 25 around the compressor 19, and a refrigerant pipe 301a in which a refrigerant such as CFC is enclosed. ˜301d are connected to each other. An outgoing cold water pipe 207a is connected to the outlet of the evaporation unit 25 and the inlet of the condenser 203, a return cold water pipe 207b is connected to the inlet of the evaporation unit 25 and the outlet of the condenser 203, and a return cold water pipe 207b is connected to the return cold water pipe 207b. A pump 27 is installed, an expansion tank 13 is attached upstream of the pump 27, and a water flow switch 28 is attached downstream thereof.

On the other hand, the outgoing hot water pipe 209a is connected to the outlet of the condensing unit 21 and the inlet of the drying container 201, and the returning hot water pipe 209b is connected to the inlet of the condensing unit 21 and the outlet of the drying container 201. . Return hot water pipe 209
An expansion tank 15 is installed in b, and a water flow switch 303 and a fan cooling unit 17 are installed on the downstream side thereof. In addition, a pump 31 is provided below the condenser 203.
Is attached, and a solenoid valve 37 that opens and closes in conjunction with a water level detector 39 provided in the condenser 203 is attached downstream thereof. Further, the vacuum pump 33 is connected to the condenser 203 by an exhaust pipe 36 via a check valve 34, and an exhaust vent 35 is provided on the downstream side thereof.

FIG. 13 is a schematic sectional view showing the internal structure of the drying container 201 in FIG. Referring to the drawing, the drying container 201 includes a cylindrical body 55, a bottom 57 connected to the bottom edge of the body 55, and a mirror 59 connected to the upper edge of the body 55. The lower part of the bottom portion 57 is a hot water heat exchanger 77, and the hot water heat exchanger 77 is connected to the outgoing hot water pipe connection portion 75a connected to the outgoing hot water pipe 209a and the return hot water pipe connection connected to the return hot water pipe 209b. The part 75b is attached. The body portion 55 is provided with an outlet 65 for taking out the dried material to be dried, and the mirror portion 59 is provided with an inlet 61 for inputting the material to be dried and the steam outlet pipe 1.
1 is attached to the steam pipe connecting portion 63. As a stirring device for the material to be dried, a plurality of stirring arms 71 are attached to a rotary shaft 67 that penetrates through the central portion of the bottom portion 57 and is connected to a stirring drive unit 69. A scraper 73 is provided at each end of the stirring arm 71. However, a central scraper 109 is attached to the central portion thereof.

The operation of this conventional vacuum drying container will be briefly described below. When the material to be dried is housed in the drying container 201 and the drying process is started, the vacuum pump 33 is turned on, and the air containing the steam inside the drying container 201 is discharged through the steam discharge pipe 11 and the condenser 203. . As a result, the inside of the drying container 201 has a negative pressure, its boiling point is lowered, and water from the material to be dried is easily evaporated.
When the operation is started, the stirring arm 71 mounted in the drying container is rotated by the stirring drive unit 69 to stir the material to be dried and promote the generation of water vapor.

On the other hand, in the cold heat generator 205, the compressor 1
9 starts to operate, and in the evaporation unit 25, the pump 27 is operated by each process of compression, condensation, expansion, and evaporation of the refrigerant.
The forward cold water pipe 207a and the return cold water pipe 2
Cold water is provided to the water circulating through 07b. This cold heat cools the steam flowing from the drying container 201 through the steam discharge pipe 11 in the condenser 203 and condenses therein. When the water level detector 39 detects a predetermined water level, the condensed water is discharged outside the apparatus by driving the pump 31 for a predetermined time by opening the electromagnetic valve 37.
Further, in the condensing unit 21, the heat of the water circulating through the forward hot water pipe 209a and the return hot water pipe 209b is given by the operation of the pump 29. This warm heat heats the material to be dried in the hot water heat exchanger 77 of the drying container 201 and promotes evaporation of water. In this way, the conventional vacuum drying apparatus heat-drys the material to be dried such as kitchen waste to remove the water content.

[0009]

In the conventional drying apparatus as described above, the effect of heating the material to be dried by the hot water heat exchanger 77 of the drying container 201 is not sufficient. Drying container 20
The material to be dried contained in 1 has a certain amount of bulkiness, and the material to be dried is agitated while being in contact with the body 55 of the drying container 201. However, the hot water heat exchanger 77 is
Since only the bottom surface of 1 is heated, the body portion 5 of the drying container 201 is
The material to be dried in contact with No. 5 could not be heated sufficiently. Therefore, as a whole, it takes time to evaporate the material to be dried.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a drying device that efficiently heats a drying container to accelerate heating and evaporation of a material to be dried. To do.

[0011]

A drying apparatus according to the invention of claim 1 is a drying apparatus, which has a cylindrical body for accommodating an object to be dried such as kitchen waste and a bottom, and a drying container. A heat exchanger for heating at least a part of the bottom and the body of the container on the bottom side. A drying apparatus according to a second aspect of the present invention is the drying apparatus according to the first aspect, wherein in the heat exchanger, the warm water supplied from the bottom side of the drying container moves and the moved warm water is discharged from the upper part on the body side. It includes a hot water heat exchanger.

A drying container according to a third aspect of the present invention is the drying container according to the first or second aspect, in which the heat exchanger has a bulkiness of 2 minutes determined by the rated amount of the material to be dried contained in the drying container. The side surface of the drying container having a height in the range of 1 to 1/3 is heated. In the invention of claim 1, at least a part of the bottom of the drying container and the bottom of the body is heated.

In the invention of claim 2, in addition to the operation of the invention of claim 1, the hot water supplied from the bottom side of the drying container moves, and the moved hot water is discharged from the upper part on the body side. In the invention of claim 3, claim 1 or claim 2
In addition to the function of the invention described above, the side surface of the drying container having a height in the range of ½ to ⅓ of the bulkiness determined by the rated amount of the material to be dried contained in the drying container is heated.

[0014]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, as described above,
Since not only the bottom of the drying container but also at least a part of the bottom of the body is heated, the material to be dried is efficiently heated, and the time required for heating and drying is shortened. As described above, in the invention of claim 2, in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 1, the hot water supplied from the bottom side of the drying container moves, and the moved hot water is discharged from the upper part on the body side. , It becomes easy to remove the air bubbles mixed in the warm water.

As described above, the invention of claim 3 has, in addition to the effect of claim 1 or claim 2, 1/2 to 3 of the bulkiness determined by the rated amount of the material to be dried contained in the drying container.
Since the side surface of the drying container having a height in the range of one-half is heated, efficient heating and drying can be performed according to the bulkiness of the material to be dried which changes depending on the drying process.

[0016]

1 is a diagram showing the structure of a vacuum drying apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
It is the figure which showed the cross-sectional shape of the drying container 201 in FIG. The configuration will be described with reference to these drawings, but here, differences from the conventional vacuum drying apparatus shown in FIGS. 12 and 13 will be mainly described.

Referring to the figure, the return hot water pipe 209b is similar to the conventional vacuum dryer in that the hot water pipe 209a is connected to the bottom of the drying container 201.
Is not on the bottom surface of the drying container 201 but on its side surface. That is, the hot water heat exchanger that heats the drying container 201 is mounted not only on the bottom surface portion of the drying container 201 but also on the side surface portion thereof and a part of the bottom surface side.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the shape of the baffle of the hot water heat exchanger 77 mounted on the bottom plate 87 in FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is an enlarged perspective view of the "Y" portion in FIG. It is a figure. The hot water heat exchanger 77 that heats the lower surface of the drying container 201 includes two ring-shaped baffles 93 a and baffles that are installed in a groove (not shown) formed in a ring shape in the bottom plate 87 via rubber packing. It is a heat exchanger consisting of 93b. Baffle 93a and baffle 93b
A plurality of gates 52 are formed at a predetermined interval on the upper part of each of the above, and at least one drain port 54a is formed on the lower part thereof.
And a drain port 54b is formed. The upper surfaces of the baffles 93a and the baffles 93b, on which the gates 52 are not formed, are incorporated into the lower surface of the bottom portion 57 of the drying container 201 in a pressed state to prevent passage of hot water.

The forward hot water pipe connection portion 75a to which the forward hot water pipe 209a is connected is attached between the inner baffle 93b and the drive base 97. Therefore, the hot water that has flowed in through the outgoing hot water pipe connecting portion 75a passes through the baffles 93b and the gate 52 formed on the upper surface of each of the baffles 93a one after another, and is sandwiched between the outer edge portions of the bottom portion 57 and the bottom plate 87. It goes toward the lower flange 64 that is attached.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged sectional view of "X" portion in FIG. 2, and FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. With reference to these drawings, a ring-shaped lower flange 64 having a thickness corresponding to the height of the baffle 93 is provided at the outer edge of the bottom portion 57 of the drying container 201 and the bottom plate 87 that constitutes the bottom surface of the hot water heat exchanger. Installed. An upper flange 6 having a shape corresponding to the lower flange 64 is provided on the upper surface of the outer edge of the bottom portion 57.
6 is attached to the lower portion of the body 55 of the drying container 201, and the upper flange 66 and the lower flange 64 are fixed by bolts 72 with the bottom 57 sandwiched therebetween.

A drying container 201 is provided on the upper surface of the upper flange 66.
A side surface plate 68 is formed at a position separated from the body portion 55 by a predetermined distance to form a jacket portion 88. Jacket 88
A return hot water pipe connection portion 75b connected to the return hot water pipe 209b is attached to the upper end of the. The upper end of the jacket portion 88 has an upward slope toward the mounting position of the return hot water pipe connecting portion 75b, as shown by the broken line in FIG. This is because the bubbles mixed in the warm water flowing into the jacket portion 88 are discharged to the outside from the return warm water pipe connecting portion 75b.

On the inner surface side of the lower flange 64, as shown in FIG. 6, a communication hole 7 having a bubble removing groove 78 formed in the upper portion thereof.
4a are formed. On the other hand, a communication hole 74c is also formed in the upper flange 66 at a position corresponding to the end of the communication hole 74a, and a communication hole 74b having substantially the same diameter is formed in the bottom 57 at a position where the communication hole 74a and the communication hole 74c face each other. Is formed.
As a result, the hot water flowing in from the outgoing hot water pipe connecting portion 75a moves to the lower flange 64 side through the baffle 93b and the baffle 93a, and further flows into the jacket portion 88 through the communication holes 74a to 74c.

The bottom portion 57 of the drying container 201 is provided with a slope of about 1/80 so that the height increases from the central portion to the outer periphery. Therefore, the outgoing hot water pipe connection 75
The bubbles contained in the warm water flowing in from a
3b and the baffle 93a, it moves to the lower flange 64 side through the gate 52 formed in each. Then, by the bubble removing groove 78 provided on the upper part of the communication hole 74a, this bubble smoothly flows through the communication hole 74b and the communication hole 7.
It moves to the jacket portion 88 through 4c and is discharged to the outside from there. By the way, the lower flange 64 and the upper flange 66 are sealed by rubber seal rings 76a to 76c so that the hot water passing through the communication holes 74a to 74c does not flow out into or out of the drying container 201.

FIG. 7 is a view of the line AA in FIG. 2, and FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of the "Z" portion in FIG.
FIG. 9 is a diagram of the CC line in FIG. 7. Referring to the drawing, the side surface plate 68 forming the jacket portion 88 is formed so as to cover substantially the entire circumference of the body portion 55 except for the vicinity of the periphery of the discharge port 65, and the hot water heat exchanger 77 side. The hot water flows in through the discharge holes 86 at predetermined intervals.
It is provided for all 8 ranges. As a result, the material around the body 55 of the material to be dried contained in the drying container 201 is heated not only from the bottom surface side but also from the side surface side, and an efficient drying process can be realized. The drying container 201 has a rotary chopper 82 and a fixed chopper 84 in order to further improve the stirring effect of the stirring arm 71.
The mounting piece 92 is provided between the flange 94 of the rotary chopper 82 and the body 55 of the drying container 201 at the portion where the rotary chopper 82 is mounted, and the end piece of the side plate 68 is attached to this. The parts are attached to form the jacket part 88.

By the way, the height of the upper end of the side plate 68 constituting the jacket portion 88 is 1/2 to 1/3 of the rated bulkiness of the material to be dried contained in the drying container 201. Range height is desirable. That is, the volume of the material to be dried basically decreases with the progress of the degree of dryness (the volume becomes about one-fifth from the gelatinization step to the embrittlement step, but the subsequent agglomeration step When entering, the apparent volume increases due to the increase in the spatial ratio due to lumps). Therefore, when the entire body 55 of the drying container 201 is heated, a part of the heating surface of the body 55 heats the vapor evaporated from the material to be dried depending on the drying process. When the steam is superheated in this way, the amount of cold heat required to condense the steam increases. As a result, the load of the cold / hot heat generation device 205 increases, and the thermal efficiency of the entire device decreases, which is not preferable. Therefore, it is necessary to limit the heating range of the hot water heat exchanger so as not to heat the evaporated water vapor. Further, it is desirable from the viewpoint of promoting evaporation that the stirring arm 71 is alternately switched from the normal rotation operation to the reverse rotation operation every predetermined time, but at the time when the operation is switched, the material to be dried in the vicinity of the body portion 55 of the drying container 201 is dried. It is also necessary to consider that the apparent volume of an object increases. Therefore, it is practical to heat the body 55 of the drying container 201 in a range of ½ to ⅓ of the height when the rated amount of the material to be dried is charged. To be the target.

FIG. 10 is a sectional structural view showing the structure of a drying container according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 11 is a view taken along line DD in FIG. Referring to the figure,
In the previous embodiment, the mirror portion 59 is attached to the upper portion of the body portion 55 of the drying container 201, and the upper flange 66 is attached to the lower portion thereof. Therefore, the hot water heat exchanger has the bottom portion and the body portion of the drying container 201. Are formed separately in the communication hole 74a.
Were linked by ~ c. In this embodiment, a flange 46 is formed on the upper part of the body portion 55 of the drying container 201 without attaching a mirror plate, and a charging port 61 made of a flat plate is formed so as to be openable and closable so as to match with this. Therefore, the hot water heat exchanger is formed integrally with the bottom surface and the side surface of the drying container 201 by the outer plate 96. That is, the outer plate 96 covers not only the bottom 57 of the drying container 201 but also the lower part of the body 55.

The bottom portion 57 of the drying container 201 has a slope of about 1/80 so that it rises from the center toward the outer peripheral side, as in the previous embodiment. The baffle on the ring is formed similarly to the embodiment of
Further, a forward hot water pipe connecting portion 75a is attached inside the baffle on the inner peripheral side. Further, as in the previous embodiment, the upper end of the outer plate 96 constituting the jacket portion 88 is connected to the return hot water pipe as shown by a broken line in order to discharge the air bubbles mixed in the hot water from the return hot water pipe connecting portion 75b to the outside. There is an upward slope toward the mounting position of the portion 75b.

In this embodiment, the outer plate 96 is also formed around the discharge port 65 so that the drying container 2 is more efficient.
The heating of the body 55 of 01 is realized. Also, the drying container 2
The steam pipe connecting portion 63 connected to the steam discharge pipe 11 for discharging the steam 01 is attached to the body 55 because the inlet 61 can be opened and closed, and the mist catcher is provided inside the steam pipe connecting portion 63. 98 is detachably provided.

In both of the above embodiments, the baffle is provided only on the lower surface of the bottom 57 of the drying container 201, but if the baffle is also provided on the jacket 88 of the body 55, a turbulent flow effect is generated and a more efficient side surface is provided. It becomes heating. Further, although the present invention is applied to the vacuum drying device in the above-mentioned embodiments, it is needless to say that the idea of the present invention can be similarly applied to a drying device that performs drying without using a vacuum pump.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a vacuum drying apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a diagram showing a schematic structure inside a drying container 201 shown in FIG. 1. FIG.

3 is a perspective view showing a specific structure of a baffle used in the hot water heat exchanger 77 of FIG.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged perspective view of a “Y” part in FIG.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional structural view of the “X” part in FIG. 2.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line BB in FIG.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.

FIG. 8 is an enlarged sectional structural view of a “Z” part in FIG. 7.

9 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC of FIG.

FIG. 10 is a drying container 20 according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
It is the figure which showed the schematic structure inside 1.

11 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line DD in FIG.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a configuration of a conventional vacuum drying device.

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a schematic structure inside the drying container 201 shown in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 52 gate 55 body part 57 bottom part 74a-74c communication hole 77 hot water heat exchanger 88 jacket part 201 dry container In addition, the same code | symbol shows the same or corresponding part in each figure.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Internal reference number FI technical display location F26B 23/10 F26B 23/10 Z

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A drying device, comprising: a drying container having a cylindrical body and a bottom for accommodating a material to be dried such as kitchen waste; and the bottom and the body of the drying container on the bottom side. And a heat exchanger that heats at least a part of the drying device. 2. The heat exchanger includes a hot water heat exchanger in which hot water supplied from the bottom side of the drying container moves, and the moved hot water is discharged from an upper part on the body side.
The drying device according to claim 1. 3. The heat exchanger has a bulkiness of one half to three of a bulkiness determined by a rated amount of the material to be dried contained in the drying container.
Heating the side of the drying vessel at a height in the range of a fraction;
The drying device according to claim 1.