JPH093848A - River management system and river management method - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] [Problem] River management facilities in each river of a complicated and wide-ranging river network have been newly established, with separate spillways and headraces for water interchange between rivers, and they are individually connected to each other. As it is operated, the river flow cannot be managed sufficiently. SOLUTION: The river management facility equipment (2-1 to 2-1) corresponding to the conditions of the value of water level, discharge and rainfall at each point of the river network.
Operation plan DB (10) that stores multiple sets of operation contents
4), and the observation / input means (208 to 210) that detects the water level, discharge, and rainfall at each point of the river network, and performs analog / digital conversion to input to the river management system, and the observation / input means. A river management system having an operation plan determination means (102) for determining the operation content of the river management facility equipment from the values of the water level, the flow rate, and the rainfall amount at each point of the river network and the stored content of the operation plan database.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a river management facility operation system for a river network composed of a plurality of rivers and waterways.
In particular, the present invention relates to a river management system and a river management method for operating a river management facility device that manages the amount of water in a widened and complicated river network.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional river management facility operating method, for example, in an underground drainage system operating method described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-222760, drainage is discharged from various drainage channels including small rivers through vertical shafts to underground drainage channels. The drainage collected in the underground discharge channel is appropriately discharged to the large-scale river on the surface from the underground drainage pump station installed at the end of the underground discharge channel.

At this time, if it is expected that the drainage exceeding the pumping capacity of the underground drainage pump will flow into the underground discharge channel, the movable weir provided in the conduit from the drainage channel to the vertical shaft is operated to remove the drainage. The inflow is regulated. If it is expected that water will increase in the drainage channel, drainage will be preferentially led to the underground drainage channel, and at the drainage station, the water level in the drainage channel will be raised to the minimum operable water level, and then the pump will be activated to make a sudden change. The operation is such that the pump is put on standby in preparation for the inflow.

[0004]

As indicated by the above-mentioned prior art, in the field of river management, small rivers such as drainage channels and ceiling rivers, which are prone to flood damage, are converted into large-scale rivers by means of spillways or underground spillways. The amount of water in the small-scale river is adjusted appropriately by connecting and flowing the water from the small-scale river into the large-scale river.

However, due to the increase in the pavement ratio in the suburbs of large cities in recent years, the outflow of rainwater has increased, and along with this, the amount of river water has also tended to increase. As a result, new spillways and headraces have been established to facilitate water interchange between rivers, and the river network is becoming more complex and widespread. If it is operated in the following way, the following problems will occur.

(1) The drainage capacity of a pump for draining water is
Usually, it depends on the water level of the drainage destination, and the higher the water level, the lower the drainage capacity. For this reason, if a pump station located upstream of a river discharges a large amount of water and the water level rises downstream of the river, the drainage station located downstream of the river will discharge the total amount of water that flows into the river from another river or discharge channel. The amount of inflow water cannot be completely drained, and the water level of these other rivers and discharge channels rises, which may be dangerous.

(2) Since each river management facility operates independently without cooperation, it is not very economical to transport water that has been once drained from a river and returned to the downstream side of the river. May be performed. Furthermore, if the river flow becomes difficult to flow into the sea due to the rise in the tide level, a water loop will be formed so that the transported water will return to its original location, which makes the operation of each river management facility economical. Is damaged.

An object of the present invention is to provide a technique for automatically determining the operation of each river management facility in order to manage the amount of water in a widened and complicated river network.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a technique capable of confirming beforehand the result of operating the river management facility equipment.

[0010]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Among the inventions disclosed in the present application, the outline of a representative one will be briefly described.
It is as follows.

That is, in a river management system for operating equipment of river management facilities provided in a plurality of river management facilities for managing the amount of water in a river network composed of a plurality of rivers and waterways, the water level at each point of the river network, An operation plan database that stores a plurality of conditions of flow rate and rainfall and operation contents of the river management facility equipment, and a system that detects the water level, flow rate and rainfall at each point of the river network, and performs analog / digital conversion. Observation / input means to input to
An operation plan determination unit that determines the operation content of the river management facility equipment from the water level, discharge, and rainfall values at each point of the river network input from (the observation / input unit) and the operation plan database. It is a thing.

Further, this river management system includes the water level, the flow rate and the rainfall amount at each point of the plurality of river networks, the operation contents of the river management facility equipment and the water level at each point of the river network after a predetermined time. A state transition database that stores a plurality of sets of discharge values, and the state transition database is searched by the water level at each point of the river network, the value of discharge and rainfall, and the operation content of the river management facility equipment, and after a predetermined time. You may have a state transition prediction means which predicts the value of the water level and the value of discharge of each point of the said river network.

[0013]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings together with an embodiment. In all the drawings for describing the embodiments, components having the same function are denoted by the same reference numerals, and their repeated description will be omitted.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of an apparatus for implementing the river management facility operation system of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 1, the river management system is the river management system main body 1
01 and water gauges 2 installed at each observation point (A, B, C ...)
08, a flow meter 209, a rain gauge 210 (only the observation point A is shown), and a plurality of river management facilities 2-1 to 2-9 are connected by a network 108 such as a telephone network or a dedicated line.

The river management system main body 101 includes an operation plan database 104, a state transition database 105, an operation plan determination unit 102, a state transition prediction unit 103, and a display unit 1.
06 and the control unit 107. The river management system main body is composed of a computer including a network connection device and a signal input / output device console 1-1. Operation plan database 104 and state transition database 105
Is stored in the external storage device or the main storage device of the computer. Also, the operation plan determination unit 102 and the state transition prediction unit 10
3, the display unit 106 and the control unit 107 are realized by an arithmetic processing unit of a computer and a software program executed by the arithmetic processing unit.

The water level gauge 208, the flow meter 209 and the rain gauge 210 at each observation point measure the water level, the flow rate and the rainfall respectively by sensors, and perform analog-digital conversion,
River management system body 101 via network 108
And stored in the main storage device.

The river management facilities 2-1 to 2-9 have terminals 1-1 to 1-9 for data input / output and data display of the river management system main body 101 via the network 108. Furthermore, controllers 1-11-1 that receive signals from the river management system body 10 and control facility equipment
Have -19.

As shown in FIG. 2, the river network 201 to be managed by the river management system of this embodiment includes a river 202, a river 203, a drainage channel 204, an underground discharge channel 205, and a discharge channel 2.
06 and discharge channel 207. Point A of river network 201 ~
At F, a water level gauge 208, a flowmeter 209, and a rain gauge 210, which are measuring instruments for measuring the state of the river network 201, are installed. Further, as a river management facility device for managing the river network 201, a movable weir 2-1 and an underground drainage pump station 2-
2. Drainage stations 2-3 to 2-6, gates 2-7 to 2-8 and drainage station 2-9 are installed.

The movable weir 2-1 of the river management facility equipment of the river network 201 adjusts the height of the movable weir so that the river 202
Drop an appropriate amount of water at the time of flooding into the underground discharge channel 205,
The underground drainage pump station 2-2 pumps the water accumulated in the underground discharge channel 205 with a pump and discharges it into the river 203.

The drainage pump stations 2-3 and 2-4 have a discharge channel 206.
Water is exchanged between the river 202 and the river 203 via the.
For example, when the water of the river 202 is transported to the river 203, the gate of the drainage pumping station 2-3 is opened, the gate of the drainage pumping station 2-4 is closed, the pump of the drainage pumping station 2-4 is operated, and the discharge channel 206 is provided. The accumulated water is discharged to the river 203.

The drainage pump stations 2-5 and 2-6 have a discharge channel 207.
Water is exchanged between the river 202 and the river 203 via the.
For example, when transporting the water of the river 203 to the river 202,
The gate of the drainage pump station 2-6 is opened, the gate of the drainage pump station 2-5 is closed, the pump of the drainage pump station 2-5 is operated, and the water accumulated in the discharge channel 207 is discharged to the river 202.

The gates 2-7 and 2-8 are opened and closed in order to prevent seawater from flowing backward to the river 202 or the river 203 at high tide. And drainage such as sewage is discharged to the river 203.

When the river network 201 increases in water, the drainage station 2-9 is operated to discharge the water in the discharge channel 204 to the river 203 in order to cope with the increase in water in the drainage channel 204.

However, when the river 203 is greatly increased in water and the water level of the river 203 is high, the pumping capacity of the drainage pumping station 2-9 is relatively lowered, and the total inflow water flowing from the drainage channel 204 is drained. There is a risk of being in a dangerous state without being overwhelmed.

Therefore, by opening the gates of the drainage pump stations 2-4 and 2-6 in advance, operating the drainage pump stations 2-3 and 2-5, and transporting the water of the river 203 to the river 202 side,
It is necessary to operate in cooperation with a plurality of river management facilities such as reducing the flow rate of the river 203.

Before operating this river management system, it is necessary to understand the relationship between the water level / flow rate / rainfall of the river and the operation of the river management equipment and the change in the water level / flow rate per unit time.

FIG. 3 shows the relationship between changes in the water level and the rate of rise in the water level at a plurality of points in the river network 201 over time, and the operation of the river management facility equipment (denoted as mode 1 in the figure). It is a state transition diagram.

(1) Creation of State Transition Diagram First, a method of creating a state transition diagram will be described. There are several basic patterns in the management status of river networks. For example, there are cases where each river is managed independently, where the upstream parts of two rivers are managed in cooperation, and where the downstream parts of two rivers are managed in cooperation. These patterns are called operation modes. This river management system is operated in either operation mode.

Next, conditions such as the water level and the amount of change in the water level at the relevant points for determining each operation mode are determined. For example, when it is necessary to link the upstream parts of the two rivers (mode 2), the rate of increase in the water levels of A and B, which are the upstream parts of the river 202, is relatively high.

Next, the operation of the related river management facility equipment is determined for each operation mode. For example, in mode 2 described above, since it is sufficient to move the water upstream of the river 202 to the river 203 using the underground discharge channel 205 and the discharge channel 206, the pump of the drainage station 2-2 and the drainage station 2-
It is sufficient to operate the pump gates 3 and 2-4.

From the above, the operation mode, the conditions for executing the operation mode, and the outline of the facility equipment operation corresponding to the operation mode are determined. Simulations are repeated to determine specific values for this condition and device operation. For the simulation method, see "Hydraulic Formulas, 197.
1 year revised edition, published by JSCE ”, pp 180-197.

In this water quantity prediction simulation, the influences of the merge and split flow and the tide level can be taken into consideration, and the operation rules of each river management facility device can also be input, and the following equation of motion (Equation 1) (Equation 2)
And a hydraulic model equation expressed by the equation (3) of continuity is used.

[0033]

[Equation 1]

[0034]

[Equation 2]

[0035]

(Equation 3)

Where g is gravitational acceleration, Q is flow rate, I is bed slope, A is channel cross-sectional area, B is channel width, h is water level, K
Is the water permeability of the cross section, R is the diameter depth, n is the roughness coefficient, and x is the distance in which the downstream direction is positive. The bed slope is the slope of the bottom of the river. Further, the diameter depth R can be expressed by R = A / S. Here, S is a wet edge distance (wet side) indicating a distance at which water is in contact with the cross section of the water channel. Roughness coefficient is the resistance coefficient of the bed. In (Equation 1) to (Equation 3), Q and h are variables, and the others use measured values of rivers (A, B, K).
And R are variables determined by h).

Next, by solving (Equation 1) using the boundary conditions at the confluence of rivers and discharge channels and the flow rate and water level at a plurality of points in a certain state, the flow rate and water level at each time at each river position can be calculated. Can be calculated. By adding the amount of precipitation, the height of the movable weir, and the increase in flow rate due to the movement of the pump to the condition for solving (Equation 1), the flow rate / water level and its displacement at each river position under that condition can be obtained.

By repeating such a simulation,
The conditions for execution of the operation mode that transitions to the optimal river state as soon as possible and the details of facility equipment operation are defined, and the effect of the facility equipment operation on the river is calculated. Here, not only the results of simulation but also actual records of past river network management are considered. In this way, the state transition diagram shown in FIG. 3 is created for each operation mode.

(2) Operation plan plan database and state transition database The operation plan database 104 and state transition database 105 are created from the state transition diagram of FIG. The condition for shifting to the mode is extracted from each state transition diagram, and the operation mode database shown in FIG. 4 is created with the operation mode corresponding to the condition as one record. For example, the logical product of the conditions (302 to 305) in the four boxes for shifting to the mode 1 (301) of FIG. 3 is the condition of the first record of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing facility equipment operations corresponding to the respective operation modes and is a part of the operation plan database 104. In each state transition diagram, the portion not described in the above-mentioned operation plan database 104 is accommodated in the state transition database 105. For example, the boxes 301 to 305 in FIG.
4 (Fig. 4), but for other BOX,
It must be described in the state transition database 105. For example, the BOX 302 of FIG. 3 fills in the column of the state after 30 minutes of the first record of the state transition database shown in FIG. 6, and fills the conditional logical product of the BOX 306 to 309 related to the BOX 302 in the column of the current state. Similarly, the same work is performed for other parts and other state transition diagrams to create a state transition database.

The operation plan database, operation mode, facility equipment operation correspondence table, and state transition database are input and stored in the storage device of the river management system main body.

(3) Operation The river management system of the present invention comprises the river management system main body 1
The operation plan determination unit 102 of 01 performs river management by executing the procedure of FIG. 7.

Observation values are fetched from each point of the river every predetermined time (for example, 5 minutes). The variable Time is reset to 0 (steps 701 and 702). The water level, discharge, and precipitation are periodically sent from each point, but by storing the past data for a certain period of time, it is possible to obtain the amount of change such as the rate of water level rise.

The observation values and the conditions of the operation plan database are taken into consideration (step 703). Here, the observed values that are not listed in the conditions of the operation plan database are not referred to (which is do not care). Also, all the items of the condition must be satisfied.

If the observed value matches the condition, the operation mode is determined by obtaining the operation mode corresponding to the condition from the database (step 70).
5).

The operation mode thus determined and the operation of the facility equipment corresponding to the operation mode (FIG. 5), the variable Ti
console 1 of the river management system main body 101
0, display on terminals 1-1 to 1-9 in each facility (step 706). Here, as for the display, all the operations may be displayed on all the terminals like 501 of FIG.
All operations may be displayed only on −0, and operations related to a certain device may be displayed only on the terminal of the facility. Further, when the operation of the device is specified together with the condition such as 502 in FIG. 5, the operation of the device may be determined and displayed using the observation value input in step 702 (for example,
"Pump activation of drainage pump station 2-2").

In this system, Time = 0 in automatic operation.
If (Yes in step 707), a control signal for operating the device is sent to the controllers 1-11 to 1-19 of each related facility (step 708). This allows
Each facility device is automatically operated according to the operation mode.

If this system is not in automatic operation (No in step 707), the operator at each facility is
Operate the device according to the displayed contents. When Time = 30, it indicates the device operation after 30 minutes, which is convenient when it takes time to prepare for the operation. The Time will be described later. After waiting for 5 minutes, step 702 and subsequent steps are repeated again.

When there is no condition that matches the observed value in the operation plan database 104 (No in step 704), the state transition database 105 is searched. If the observed value applies to the current state, the observed value is replaced with the value after 30 minutes. This check and replacement are performed for all records in the state transition database 105. The variable Time indicates how many minutes the value being used is. Therefore, if the currently used value is an observed value, Time = 0, and if it is a value after 30 minutes, Time = 30. Therefore, when the value used for the search is replaced with the value after 30 minutes, 30 is added to Time (step 710). And again 3
The operation plan database 104 is searched using the value after 0 minutes (step 702). If the condition that applies to the operation plan database 104 does not exist again, the state transition database 105 is searched again, and the value after 30 minutes is replaced. These operations correspond to predicting the state of the river 30 minutes later and 1 hour later in the state transition diagram (FIG. 3), and determining an appropriate operation mode.

Step 70 in the flowchart of FIG.
Reference numeral 8 corresponds to the control unit 107 in the system main body 101 of FIG. 1, and steps 709 and 710 correspond to the state transition prediction unit 103. The operation plan determination unit 102 may operate every 5 minutes as shown in FIG. 7, or may operate only when requested by the operator.

(4) Display The river management system according to the present invention includes the operation plan determination unit 10
When the operation mode determined by 2 is applied to a river, it provides a function to display how the state of the river transits.

FIG. 8 shows the display section 106 of the river management system.
6 is a flowchart showing the operation of the first embodiment. This display unit 106
May operate when requested by the operator, or may automatically operate when the operation plan determination unit 102 determines the operation mode.

The display unit 106 inputs the observed value (step 801) and the operation mode decided by the operation plan decision unit 102 (step 802). The state transition database 105 is then calculated using the observation values and operation modes that have been input.
Is obtained and the state after 30 minutes is obtained (step 803).
In addition, the operation plan database 104 using the operation mode
Is retrieved and the condition for reaching the operation mode is obtained (step 804). The condition of reaching the operation mode and the situation after 30 minutes are displayed on the terminal in the form of a state transition diagram (step 80).
5).

Furthermore, the state transition database 105 may be used to display the situation 30 minutes ago and 1 hour ago. Further, instead of the format of the state transition diagram, the shape of the river may be displayed as shown in FIG. 2 and the situation after 30 minutes may be displayed in text near the related position. Further, the water level may be divided into low, medium, and high (corresponding to colors), and the current water level or the water level after 30 minutes may be expressed by color for each river section and displayed.

Other examples are as follows. In this embodiment, the water level, the flow rate, the rainfall amount and the change amount obtained from each observation point are used. In rivers that are currently heavily polluted, water may be drawn from other rivers for water purification. The degree of water pollution such as water transparency, oxygen concentration, and chemical substance concentration is observed at each observation point, input to the river management system, and used for purification operation.

[0056]

According to the present invention, a plurality of river management facilities are operated in association with each other, and an operation plan for each drainage pump station is created by making full use of a water quantity prediction simulator, so that economic efficiency and safety are taken into consideration. It is possible to provide a river management system and method that enable integrated river management.

Further, according to the present invention, it is possible to improve the facility operation management technology of the operators deployed in the respective river management facilities distributed in the river network.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of an apparatus for implementing a river management system according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a river network that is a management target of the river management system of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an example of a state transition diagram showing a state transition of a river.

FIG. 4 is a part of the operational database of the river management system.

FIG. 5 is a part of a correspondence table of operation modes and river management facility operations.

FIG. 6 is a part of a state transition database of the river management system.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing the operation of the operation plan determination unit of the river management system.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing the operation of the display unit of the river management system.

[Explanation of symbols]

101 ... River management system main body, 102 ... Operation plan determination unit, 103 ... State transition prediction unit, 104 ... Operation plan database, 105 ... State transition database, 106 ... Display unit, 107 ... Control unit, 108 ... Network, 208 ...
Water level gauge, 209 ... Flowmeter, 210 ... Rain gauge, 2-1-9
… River management facility

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Kunio Takada 4-6 Kanda Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Inside the Electric Machinery Business Headquarters, Hitachi, Ltd. (72) Inventor Marusaburo 603, Kandachi-cho, Tsuchiura-shi, Ibaraki Japan Co., Ltd. Tateura Tsuchiura Plant (72) Inventor Yoshihiko Yoshikawa 603 Kintate-cho, Tsuchiura-shi, Ibaraki Hitate Works Tsuchiura Plant (72) Inventor Toshiyuki Noma 603 Kintate-cho, Tsuchiura-shi, Ibaraki Hitate Mill Tsuchiura Plant (72) Inventor Toshihiro Otsuka 603 Jinritsu-cho, Tsuchiura-shi, Ibaraki Hitate Works Co., Ltd. Tsuchiura factory

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A river management system for operating equipment for river management facilities provided in a plurality of river management facilities for managing the amount of water in a river network composed of a plurality of rivers and waterways, wherein a water level at each point of the river network, An operation plan database that stores a plurality of sets of operation contents of the river management facility equipment corresponding to the conditions of the value of the flow rate and the rainfall amount, and the water level, the flow rate, and the rainfall amount at each point of the river network are detected and converted into analog / digital. The river based on the observation / input means input to the river management system and the water level, discharge and rainfall values at each point of the river network input from the observation / input means and the stored contents of the operation plan database. A river management system comprising: an operation plan deciding means for deciding an operation content of a management facility device. 2. The river management system according to claim 1, wherein values of water level, discharge and rainfall at each point of the river network,
And a state transition database that stores a plurality of sets of water level and flow rate values at each point of the river network after a predetermined time corresponding to the operation content of the destination management facility equipment, and the water level, flow rate at each point of the river network, and A state transition predicting unit that searches the state transition database according to the value of the rainfall amount and the operation content of the destination management facility device and predicts at least one of the water level and the flow rate at each point of the river network after a predetermined time. A river management system comprising: 3. The river management system according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a device control means for controlling the river management facility equipment provided in the plurality of river management facilities according to the operation content determined by the operation plan determination means. A river management system characterized by having. 4. The river management system according to claim 2, wherein the operation plan determining means uses the water amount and the flow rate values after a predetermined time predicted by the state transition predicting means, and after the predetermined time. River management system A river management system characterized by determining the operation contents of equipment. 5. The river management system according to claim 2, wherein the water level, the flow rate, and the rainfall amount at each point of the river network, the operation content of the river management facility equipment, and each of the river networks after a predetermined time. A river management system having display means for displaying the relationship between the water level and the flow rate at a point obtained from the operation plan database. 6. The river management system according to claim 1, wherein the observation / input means inputs a rate of change of water level, discharge and rainfall at each point of the river network, and the operation plan database is The river management system, wherein the rate of change is stored, and the operation plan determination means determines the operation content of the river management facility equipment using the rate of change. 7. The river management system according to claim 1, wherein the observation / input means inputs a pollution degree of water at each point of the river network, and the operation plan database stores the pollution degree of the water. The river management system, wherein the operation plan determination means determines the operation content of the river management facility equipment using the pollution degree of the water. 8. A river management method for managing the amount of water in a river network composed of a plurality of rivers and waterways by determining the operation of river management facility equipment provided in a plurality of river management facilities, wherein each point of the river network is managed. In the operation plan database, the operation contents of the plurality of sets of the river management facility equipment corresponding to the conditions of the water level, the flow rate and the rainfall amount in the above are stored in the operation plan database, and the values of the water level, the flow rate and the rainfall amount at each point of the river network and the above The values of a plurality of sets of water level and flow rate at each point of the river network after a predetermined time corresponding to the operation content of the river management facility equipment are stored in the state transition database, and the water level, flow rate at each point of the river network, and The amount of rainfall is detected, and the operation contents corresponding to the detected water level, flow rate and rainfall are determined from the operation plan database, and the detected water level, flow rate and Based on the amount of rainfall and the selected operation content, the state transition database is searched to predict the water level and flow rate at each point of the river network after a predetermined time, and based on the prediction, the river management facility equipment A river management method characterized by deciding an operation and managing the river network. 9. The river management method according to claim 8, wherein the river management is performed by performing a simulation in advance using the shape of the river network, actual measurement data relating to the past river network, and a hydraulic model formula. Obtaining a plurality of sets of water level and flow rate at each point of the river network after the predetermined time and the operation content of a plurality of facility equipment, to create a state transition diagram of the river network, based on the state transition diagram, A river management method comprising creating the operation plan database and the state transition database.