JPH0947166A - Distilling irrigation apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a distilling irrigation apparatus having high work efficiency and enabling the irrigation with a small amount of water and the use of irrigation water containing a large amount of dissolved salt and/or solid foreign materials. SOLUTION: This irrigation apparatus is provided with a 1st means to increase the steam density in the air in a closed space 105 on stock water 100 with the heat of sunlight 106, a 2nd means to obtain distilled water 200 by cooling the air to effect the condensation of steam, a 3rd means to take out the distilled water 200 and a 4th means to supply the distilled water 200 to the root of a culturing plant 402.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a distilling irrigation system excellent in water use efficiency, and more specifically, it enables irrigation with a small amount of water and at the same time, water containing a large amount of dissolved salt and / or solid foreign matter The present invention relates to a distillation irrigation device that can be used as irrigation water.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, the population of the whole world has been rapidly increasing, while the amount of crops produced per unit of crop has reached a ceiling, and food problems are expected to become a major issue in the future.

In order to increase the yield of agricultural products, it is necessary to expand the cultivated land, but it is considered that the conditions of land to be cultivated in the future will be severe for agriculture. For example, slash-and-burn agriculture by deforestation in a rainy area is unfavorable because it deteriorates the air cleaning function, particularly the carbon dioxide concentration decreasing function.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to find the land for future development on barren land in the rainy areas. Irrigation is required for farming in the rainy region. For irrigation, a method is generally adopted in which water is irrigated from a reservoir through a canal or a gutter to cultivated land.

However, this method consumes a large amount of water, and it is difficult to secure water in a rainy region. In a deserted barren area, the amount of salt in the soil is high, so it is necessary to remove the salt with a large amount of water, but the water that dissolves the salt that has penetrated into the soil rises to the ground surface again due to capillary action. It transpires. As a result, salt is concentrated on the ground surface and causes salt damage, making it impossible to farm.

[0006] In order to prevent this, a method of laying a pipe having a small hole along a ridge of an agricultural land and applying only a minimum amount of water necessary for a crop from the small hole of the pipe for drip irrigation Is desirable. This method is an excellent irrigation method because it uses less water and has a shallow reach to the ground, so there are few problems with raising salt in the soil.

However, since the conventional drip irrigation method is a method of applying an extremely small amount of water from a small hole of a pipe, if water containing solid foreign matter is irrigated, the small hole tends to be clogged. .

Also in this method, salt damage cannot be avoided if water containing salt is used as the irrigation water.
In particular, it is difficult to secure water with low salt content in areas that are currently abandoned as barren land, and the reality is that water with high salt content must be used.

[0009]

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to improve the use efficiency, to enable irrigation with a small amount of water, and to use water containing a large amount of dissolved salt and / or solid foreign matter, An object of the present invention is to provide a distillation irrigation device that can be used as irrigation water. Other objects of the present invention will become more apparent by the following description.

[0010]

The distillation irrigation system of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems has a structure in which the water vapor density in the air in the closed system space formed above the raw water is increased by the heat of sunlight. The first means having, the second means having a configuration for cooling the air to condense water vapor to produce distilled water, the third means having a configuration for taking out distilled water, and the distilled water taken out And a fourth means having a constitution of supplying water to the source of the plant to be grown and irrigating it.

In a preferred embodiment of the first means of the present invention, the closed system space is formed by raw water and a translucent coating material for coating the upper part of the raw water. More preferably, the raw water exists in the running water channel, the running water channel is formed by an impermeable trough, and the translucent covering material covering the upper side of the trough is the lid. As a preferred embodiment of the gutter, (1) at least the inner surface of the gutter has a color with good heat absorption (2) laying an impermeable film colored with a color with good heat absorption on the inner surface of the gutter (3) ) The gutter is formed by laying an impermeable film. (4) The gutter is made of concrete.

The first means of the present invention is also a preferred embodiment in which raw water is present in the raw water tank, and a translucent coating material is coated above the raw water tank.

In a preferred embodiment of the second means of the present invention, the outer surface of the coating material for coating the upper part of the raw water is cooled by the outside air, the temperature rise of the coating material is suppressed, and the inner surface of the coating material is maintained at a low temperature. Is a means for generating condensed water in the form of water drops or film as distilled water, and the second means guides the air in the closed system space to the outside and cools it to condense the steam to produce distilled water. It is a means to generate.

It is also preferable that the second means comprises means for increasing the amount of distilled water produced, and more preferably the means for increasing the amount of distilled water is (1) Means for increasing the area (2) Having an aquatic plant grown in raw water (3) Immersing at least a part of the raw water and projecting it into the closed space so that the contact area between the air and the raw water in the closed space is increased. It is necessary to have water retention materials to increase.

In a preferred mode of the third means of the present invention, as the third means, there is provided a take-out portion for taking out distilled water, and the take-out portion is provided with a gap provided between the flowing water channel and the covering material. It is to have ingredients.

Further, as a third means, it has a take-out section for taking out distilled water, and as a fourth means, it has means for laterally moving the taken-out distilled water from the soil surface and supplying it to the plant origin. Or, as a third means, it has a take-out part for taking out distilled water, and as a fourth means, it may have a water-retaining material for supplying the taken-out distilled water from the inside of the soil to the plant base. This is the preferred embodiment.

Further, as a third means, a storage tank for storing the distilled water taken out is provided, and as a fourth means, a water retention material for supplying the distilled water in the storage tank to the plant base is provided. That means, as a third means, a storage tank for storing the distilled water taken out and an auxiliary tank for introducing the distilled water in the storage tank are provided, and as a fourth means,
It is also a preferable embodiment to have a water retention material for supplying distilled water in the auxiliary tank to the plant stock.

[0018]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below.

The first means of the present invention has a construction in which the water vapor density in the air in the closed system space formed above the raw water is increased by the heat of sunlight.

The raw water may contain salts, solid foreign substances and the like, and specific examples thereof include salt lake water, sea water and sludge. Therefore, it is possible to use these raw water as agricultural water.

The closed system space may be a space that keeps the water vapor density increased by the heat of sunlight and does not leak water vapor, and does not mean a completely closed state.

The member forming the upper part of the closed system space may be opaque or translucent. When the upper part of the closed space is formed by a non-translucent member, it is preferable that the member has a color having a good endothermic property of sunlight and a good thermal conductivity.

When the member forming the upper part of the closed system space is translucent, the sunlight directly raises the temperature of the raw water. Therefore,
At least the inside of the running water channel in which the raw water exists is preferably colored in a color having a good endothermic property of sunlight.

The raw water may flow through a running water channel, may be stored statically in a water tank such as a raw water tank, or may be in a state of permeating a water retaining material. When the raw water is flowing, the form of the flowing water channel may be any of a horizontal water channel, an undulating water channel, a stepped water channel, and the like.

Further, the depth of raw water in the distillation irrigation system is
Shallow water is preferable to deep water because it affects the temperature rise by sunlight.

The second means of the present invention has a construction in which the air in the closed system space is cooled to condense steam to produce distilled water.

In the present invention, the second means may be performed in a closed system space, or the air in the space may be guided to the outside to generate distilled water.

When the second means is performed in a closed system space, the outer surface of the translucent covering material for covering the upper part of the raw water is cooled by the outside air to suppress the temperature rise of the covering material, The inner surface of is maintained at a low temperature to generate water droplets or film-like condensed water as distilled water.

When the second means is carried out outside the closed system space, the air in the closed system space saturated with water vapor is guided to the outside through a means such as a suction fan and condensed in the cooling tank.
It is also preferred to produce distilled water.

Furthermore, the second means of the present invention is as means for increasing the amount of distilled water produced (1) means for increasing the area of the place where distilled water is produced (2) aquatic plants grown in raw water (3) It is also preferable to have a water retaining material that increases the contact area between the air and the raw water in the closed space. Hereinafter, the contact area between the air in the closed space and the raw water will be referred to as the water surface area of the raw water. It is also preferable to employ these means individually or in combination. An embodiment of the above means for increasing the amount of distilled water produced will be described later.

Next, the third means of the present invention has a constitution for taking out the produced distilled water, and the fourth means has a constitution capable of irrigating the plant base of the plant to be grown. The third means and the fourth means can take various forms. The produced distilled water may be continuously taken out at any time, or may be temporarily stored in a storage tank and then taken out.

Next, one embodiment of the distillation irrigation system of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing an example of a distillation irrigation system, and shows members forming a closed system space which constitutes a first means. In the figure, 101 is a running water channel in which raw water exists.
101 is formed inside an impermeable gutter 102. 20
Reference numeral 1 denotes a translucent covering material that covers the upper part of the gutter body 102, and in the figure, is formed of a lid body. Hereinafter, a case where the translucent covering material is the lid 201 will be described.

The gutter body 102 is preferably, for example, the concave elongated body shown in the drawing. In the illustrated example, ribs 104 are provided on the outer surface 103 of the gutter 102.
, 104 project vertically. The shape of the gutter body 102 is not limited to that shown in the figure, and may be any shape as long as it forms a flowing water channel in which raw water exists.

As the material for the gutter body 102, any material having water impermeability, water resistance, and salt resistance (when raw water contains salt) can be used, but generally, metal, concrete, pottery, Ceramic, plastic or the like is used, and as the plastic, polyvinyl chloride, polyester, high density polyethylene, polypropylene or the like can be used. At least the inner surface of the gutter is preferably a color having good heat absorption of sunlight, generally black, or an impermeable film colored with a color having good heat absorption may be laid.

The lid 201 is made of a translucent material and is made of, for example, plastic, polyvinyl chloride, polyester, polyacryl, polystyrene, polypropylene or the like.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing an example of use of the apparatus shown in FIG. The figure shows an example in which the second means is implemented in the closed system space 105.

That is, the raw water 100 existing in the gutter body 102 is heated by the radiated sunlight 106, and the closed system space 105
Steam inside. Since the outer surface of the lid 201 is in contact with the outside air, the temperature rise of the lid 201 is suppressed and the temperature is lower than that in the space 105. Therefore, the water vapor in the space 105 is
Upon contact with 202, the steam contacts the inner surface 202 of the lid 201 and condenses to form condensed water 200 in the form of water drops or a film.
This dew water is distilled water.

In order to connect the gutters to form a long running channel, the ends of the plurality of gutters 102 are connected so that there is no water leakage. In order to tightly connect the plurality of gutters 102, fusion or adhesion with the same kind of resin or another hot melt agent,
Alternatively, the ends may be taped together to prevent water leakage. Further, by laying a water-impermeable film inside the gutter body 102, the long gutter body 102 can be easily created without fear of water leakage due to imperfect connection processing. When installing this device, for example, by digging soil in the shape of a channel, inserting the gutter body 102 into the channel, providing the lid body 201 on top of the gutter body, and burying both ends of the lid body 201 in the soil. Can be installed. Various installation modes can be adopted depending on the shape of other devices.

Further, the present device has an advantage that it can be laid along the ridges of agricultural land, and that water can be supplied to the soil by utilizing a water channel drawn from a river or the like. .

The lid 201 may be formed in a film shape, and may extend not only to the upper portion of the gutter body 102 but also to the surface of the soil on both sides of the gutter body 102. Further, a water-impermeable film may be provided on the inner surface of the lid 201, and the film may be extended to the surface of the soil.

Next, in the take-out portion 301 constituting the third means, in the example shown in FIG. 2, both edge portions 302 of the lid 201 (see FIG. 1).
(See FIG. 1) and a rib 104 (see FIG. 1) of the gutter body 102 between the upper edge of the gutter body 101 and the inner surface of the lid body 201 due to the existence of the ribs 104 (see FIG. 1). A gap is formed in.

The take-out portion 301 in the present invention is not limited to the above, and can take various other shapes depending on the shapes of the gutter body and the lid body.

The distilled water taken out from the take-out section 301 is supplied to the root of the plant 402 grown by the fourth means.
In the example of FIG. 2, the distilled water laterally moves in the soil 401 by the capillary action of the soil.

Next, another embodiment of the gutter body and the lid body forming the closed system space 105 will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the gutter body 102 has a shape in which an upper portion is curved outwardly and / or internally to form a gutter body curl portion 304, and the lid body 201 is provided on both sides of the lid body. It has a shape in which a lid curl portion 305 is formed by curving the edge inward. A distilled water guide small hole 306 provided in the lid curl portion 305 is formed in the take-out portion 301. In the device having such a shape, since the gutter body curl portion 304 and the lid body curl portion 305 are elastically fitted to each other, they can be attached and detached freely, and the lid body is prevented from being blown off by wind after the attachment. it can.

Further, the take-out portion 301 may be a distilled water induction gap provided between at least both side edges of the gutter body and the lid body by forming at least both side edges of the gutter body in a wavy shape. At least both side edges thereof may be formed in a wavy shape, and the gap may be a distilled water induction gap provided between upper portions of both side edges of the gutter and the lid.

When the device of the present invention is applied to sloped soil, weirs can be provided at intervals in the running water channel. The shape of the weir body may be such that the upper end is flat, a V notch is formed in the upper end that regulates the liquid depth, or a partition wall that partitions the upper part of the flowing water channel is provided. When the weir body is provided with a partition wall, it is possible to prevent wind from entering the upper part of the flowing water channel to lower the temperature of the upper space of the flowing water channel and to prevent evaporated water from being released to the outside. .

Further, the apparatus of the present invention can be applied by providing a water storage section 107 in the flowing water channel 101 as shown in FIG. 5 even when raw water is not continuously supplied to the flowing water channel.
The water storage 107 is, for example, a continuous partition wall as shown in the figure.
Can be formed by 108. The shape of the partition wall 108 is illustrated in the same drawing as a honeycomb shape formed by a combination of plate materials that are perpendicular, parallel or inclined to the wall surface of the flowing water channel. Further, as another shape of the partition wall 108, a lattice shape or a cylindrical shape is preferably cited.

Further, in the present invention, as shown in FIG. 6, by laying the raw water guiding material 109 in the running water channel,
Irrigation can be performed even on sloping land without interruption. In undulating soil, 100 points of raw water are points A and B.
At the point it exists on the running channel. However, since point C is higher than points A and B, 100 of raw water cannot exist. However, even in such a case, the raw water inducer 109 has an advantage that the raw water at the point B is sucked up by the capillary action, and the raw water 100 is present at the point C or at the terminal side of the raw water.

As the raw water inducer 109, a water absorbent woven or non-woven fabric sheet or a water absorbent continuous foam can be used. As the water-absorbing continuous foam, soft urethane foam, hard urethane foam, fail resin foam,
Examples thereof include urea foam, hay, and sponge made of rubber containing an inorganic filler. At least one kind or two or more kinds can be selected and used from the continuous foams and the like, and for example, one kind or two or more kinds may be selected from the continuous foams or the like to form one layer, or two or more kinds may be selected. You may make it a multilayer structure of two or more layers. It is also possible to use it in combination with a water absorbent woven or nonwoven sheet and a water absorbent continuous foam or the like.

In the present invention, the running water channel may be formed, for example, by laying an impermeable film on the soil surface dug in the shape of a water channel, in addition to the above-mentioned trough, or by flowing concrete onto the soil surface. It may be formed by being embedded. In any case, the running water channel may be in any other form as long as it is a water channel having impermeability and water resistance.

In the present invention, the lid body shown in FIG. 2 and FIG.
In order to prevent water from adhering to the inner surface 202 of the 201 in the form of water droplets or a condensed water film and reducing the transmission of sunlight, the lid 20
It is also possible to impart antifogging property to the inner surface 202 of 1. A method for imparting antifogging property can be carried out by adding a surfactant represented by a partial ester compound of a polyhydric alcohol (eg, sorbitol, glycerin, pentaerythritol, etc.) to the lid molding plastic. . A surfactant may be applied to the inner surface 202 of the lid 201, and in particular, it is desirable to coat a surface coating type non-drip agent mainly composed of an inorganic hydrophilic colloid substance and a hydrophilic organic compound.

The shapes of the gutter and the lid in the present invention are not limited to the above, and various other shapes can be adopted as long as they solve the problems of the present invention.

In the above embodiment, the means for obtaining condensed water as distilled water in the closed system space has been described. The means for obtaining distilled water outside the closed system space will be described with reference to FIG. That is,
As shown in (A) of FIG. 7, the air in the closed system space saturated with water vapor is guided to the outside through a means such as a suction fan (not shown), and is introduced from the introduction portion 204 of the cooling tank 203 embedded in the soil 401. Introduced, condensed in the cooling tank 203, distilled water
Generates 200. The cooling tank 203 also serves as a storage. Further, as shown in FIGS. 7B and 7C, it is also a preferable embodiment to provide a dew condensation member 205 during the introduction into the cooling tank or in the cooling tank 203. Condensation member 20
Examples of 5 include stone, net, non-woven fabric, and porous body. Excess air is discharged from the discharge unit 206. As shown in FIG. 7C, the dew condensation member 20 is provided in the cooling tank 203.
When providing 5, the tank containing the dew condensation member 205 can be placed on the pedestal 207 provided in the cooling tank 203, for example.

Next, another embodiment of the distillation irrigation system of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG.
110 is a raw water tank in which the raw water 100 exists, and a translucent coating material 201 is provided on the raw water tank 110.

As the raw water tank 110, any tank having water impermeability and water resistance can be used. Also,
It is also possible to use a pool that is not used in winter as a raw water tank. In order to increase the distillation effect of the raw water tank, it is preferable that at least the inner surface of the raw water tank has a color having a good endothermic property of sunlight, and is generally black. Dressing 201
Is formed of the same material as the above-mentioned lid.

The third means for taking out the distilled water 200 produced is shown in the same drawing as an example having a storage tank for storing the distilled water taken out. The storage tank 111 is provided with a partition wall 112 separated from the raw water tank 110, and the distilled water 200 generated on the inner surface 202 of the covering material 201 is
1 through the inner surface 202 and through the outlet 301,
It has a structure that accumulates in 111.

This apparatus, for example, produces a large amount of distilled water in a large raw water tank, and thereafter transfers the distilled water to an auxiliary tank located away from the raw water tank by any means and stores it. There is an advantage that the required amount can be supplied at any time.

FIG. 9 shows a modification of the apparatus shown in FIG. In the illustrated apparatus, the raw water tank 110 is provided on the south side (S direction in the figure) where sunlight 106 hits, and the storage tank 111 is provided on the north side (N direction in the figure) where sunlight 106 does not hit. Coating material
In 201, the temperature increase is suppressed more in the north side N than in the south side S, and a large amount of condensed water 200 is formed. Therefore, space 10 on the south side
The steam-containing air present in 5 moves to the cooler cold reservoir 208 on the north side, where the temperature is lower, and is cooled and condensed to become distilled water. In FIG. 9, the coating material 201 on the north side N is illustrated as being corrugated.

By forming the coating material 201 in a corrugated shape, the area of the place where distilled water is produced can be increased.
The corrugated portion may be the whole or a part of the covering material, but the north side is particularly preferable as shown in FIG. 9. Further, if the bellows shape is used instead of the corrugated shape, the distilled water always flows down in the circumferential direction, which is efficient.

Further, as shown in FIG. 9, the raw water tank 110
When the inclined surface 209 is formed on the north side of the and the impermeable film 210 is laid along the inclined surface 209, the impermeable film 210
Water vapor also condenses on the surface of the water, and 200 of condensed water is obtained.
That is, the area of the place where distilled water is generated increases. On this occasion,
It is preferable that the inclined surface 209 is formed of, for example, a soil layer because the soil layer cools the impermeable film 210.

In the present invention, when an aquatic plant 212 (see FIG. 9) is grown in the raw water shown in FIGS. 2, 3, 8 and 9, the transpiration action of the plant is promoted by sunlight and It is possible to accelerate the increase of the water vapor density in the air, increase the production efficiency of distilled water, and further increase the production amount of distilled water. Examples of aquatic plants include floating leaf plants (Heeshi, Onibasu, water lily, Junsai, thorny clover, duckweed, etc.) and buoyant plants (Duckweed, duckweed, Hingemo, salamander, duckweed, etc.), among these plants It is desirable to select a wide range from the above, depending on the quality of the raw water.

It is known that these aquatic plants have stomata on the upper surface of leaves, no cuticle layer is developed, and the transpiration function is extremely large.

FIG. 10 shows an embodiment of a water retaining material for increasing the surface area of raw water in order to increase the amount of distilled water produced. In FIG. 10, reference numeral 213 is a support member that projects the water retention material 211 into the space 105, has an inclined surface 214, and is in the form of a block. The water retention material 211 is formed in a sheet shape, and both ends of the water retention material 211 are immersed in the raw water 100 to form a support member
It is provided so as to cover the three inclined surfaces 214. Raw water 10
When 0 is immersed in the water retention material 211, the evaporation area of the raw water, that is, the substantial water surface area increases. Therefore, the increase of the water vapor density in the air in the closed system space can be promoted, and the amount of distilled water produced increases. Make the water retaining material 211 black, provide a black film on the inner surface of the water retaining material, or use an inclined surface.
By making the 214 black, we can collect more sunlight,
The evaporation rate of raw water improves. The height h of the support member 213 from the water surface is preferably such that the water retaining material 211 can absorb the raw water. Since the height h at which the raw water can be sucked up is determined by the material of the water retaining material, the thickness W of the support member 213 can be determined by determining the angle θ between the inclined surface 214 and the water surface. When determining the angle θ, the sun altitude etc. can be referred to.

FIG. 10 shows an example in which a non-water-absorbent foam, wood, or the like is used as the support member 213 and is floated in raw water and used. Examples of the material of the non-water-absorbent foam include styrene foam and polyethylene.

As another example, a concrete block that does not float in raw water may be used. When a concrete block is used as the support member, it is preferable to lay a material having a heat insulating effect on the inclined surface 214 in order to prevent a decrease in water temperature of the raw water sucked up by the water retaining material. Examples of the material having a heat insulating function include straw, cotton, non-water absorbent foam, rock wool and the like. Further, instead of the block-shaped support member, a frame structure having an inclined surface similar to the above can be used. To make the frame structure, rod-shaped materials such as metal, wood, bamboo, and plastic can be used alone or in combination, or the above-mentioned materials can be combined with strings, ropes, and the like.

By increasing the substantial water surface area of the raw water as described above, the increase of the water vapor density in the air in the space can be promoted.

Further, FIG. 11 shows another modified example of the apparatus shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 11, first, an evaporation shelf 215 for projecting the water retaining material 211 into the space is provided. The evaporation shelf 215 has a step shape in FIG. 11. On the evaporation shelf 215, a cloth,
Insulation material 216 such as straw is laid and the black film 21 is placed on it.
7 and lay water retention material 211. The heat insulating material 216 prevents the water temperature of the raw water 100 from lowering, and the black film 217 collects the sunlight 106 to increase the evaporation rate of the raw water 100. The evaporation shelf 215 may be made of the same material as the block-shaped support member described above, or may have a frame structure. In the figure, the evaporation shelf 215 is formed of a soil layer.

The raw water tank 113 is provided at the uppermost stage of the evaporation shelf 215, one end of the water retaining material 211 is put in the raw water tank 113, the raw water 100 is absorbed, and the raw water 100 is sequentially moved downward and accumulated in the raw water tank 114 at the lowermost stage. In the above method, the raw water 100 is absorbed by the water retention material 211,
The water surface area of the raw water is increased in the process of gradually moving downward, thereby promoting the increase of the water vapor density in the air in the space above the raw water, and further increasing the production amount of distilled water 200 in the cold air portion 208. Is planned. The raw water accumulated in the raw water tank 114 at the lowermost stage is pumped up to the raw water tank 113 at the uppermost stage at an appropriate time.

The distilled water 200 is mainly produced in the north storage tank 111, but it can also be produced in the south storage tank 111.

The above-mentioned aquatic plant can be grown in a part or the whole of the stepwise evaporation shelf 215 shown in FIG.

Next, an example of the fourth means in the distillation irrigation system of the present invention will be described in more detail. In order to supply the extracted distilled water to the plant base, it is necessary to move it by some means. Specifically, it is preferable to have a means for laterally moving from the soil surface to supply to the plant base of the plant and a water retaining material to supply to the plant base of the soil from inside the soil, and these means may be used individually or in combination. Can also be adopted. As a means for laterally moving from the soil surface and supplying it to the plant source, it can be carried out as illustrated in FIG. That is, the weight member 403 is laid on the surface of the soil 401, and distilled water is supplied to the lower surface 404 of the weight member 403 (see arrow W). By adhering the surface of the soil 401 and the weight member 403 to increase the soil density of the surface layer, the supplied distilled water laterally moves toward the plant base of the plant that grows around the weight member 403 (Fig. 12x direction). To do.

The surface soil on the lower surface 404 of the weight member 403 is not exposed to sunlight and is in a shaded state, and is always at a low temperature (the daytime soil temperature of the surface soil under the weight member is always lower than that of the bare surface soil without the weight member). Evaporation is small and the environment is subject to dew condensation, so it is easy to maintain a wet condition. The wet state spreads in the x and y directions in FIG. 12 to form a wet region 405.

Since it is moved laterally from the soil surface, it is possible to irrigate a wide range, not only in the periphery where distilled water is supplied. Moreover, because it moves on the soil surface,
It is possible to efficiently supply water to the plant base without power, without requiring power.

As the water retaining material supplied from the inside of the soil to the plant base, it is preferable to provide a water retaining material for moving distilled water inside the soil, but a water impermeable film is further provided below the water retaining material. It is also a more preferable aspect to provide.

By this means, the plant can receive the required amount of water and the water retention capacity inside the soil is enhanced. By providing the water-impermeable film below the water retaining material, it is possible to prevent the distilled water from unnecessarily permeating deep into the soil. Further, it is possible to prevent the salt from the deep part of the soil from accumulating on the surface layer of the soil.

The apparatus shown in FIGS. 13 and 14 is an example of an apparatus capable of supplying distilled water from inside the soil. Distilled water flow paths 115 for guiding distilled water are formed on both sides of the gutter body 102 in the longitudinal direction, and through holes 307 are provided in the bottom surface or side surface bottom of the distilled water flow path. The flow path 115 and the through hole 307 constitute an example of the third means.

In FIG. 14, reference numerals 406a and 406b are water retaining materials for supplying distilled water from the inside of the soil to the plant base. In the present invention, as the water retention material, it is preferable to use a resin product having hydrophilicity and / or water absorption, or a natural fiber.
As the resin product having hydrophilicity and / or water absorbency, a material obtained by subjecting a nonwoven fabric made of synthetic resin such as polyester or polyamide having high corrosion resistance to hydrophilic treatment is desirable, and it can be formed by spon band spinning or the like. It can also be formed by using polyethylene, polypropylene fibers or the like whose surface is hydrophilically treated.

When natural fibers are used as the water retaining material,
Straw rods (eg rice straw, straw, etc.), palms, hay,
Lanta, bagasse, peat moss, etc. can be used, and these can be used individually or in mixture of 2 or more types.

The water retention material may be formed into a sheet (406a in FIG. 14) and used, or dispersed in soil (406b in FIG. 14).
Alternatively, the sheet-shaped water retaining material may be embedded in the upper layer of the soil, and the water retaining material-dispersed soil may be used as the lower layer.

In FIG. 14, 407a is a water-impermeable film, which is provided on the lid 201, extends to the soil 401, and is embedded.

In FIG. 14, a weight member 403 is provided on the surface of the soil 401. The weight member 403 is used to prevent evaporation of water from the surface of the soil 401.
The lower surface 404, that is, the surface in contact with the surface layer of the soil 401 is preferably impermeable to water. In this case, for example, a water-impermeable film may be fixed to the bottom surface of a water-permeable material such as brick, or waterproof mortar or waterproof resin (waterproof paint or the like) may be applied. Alternatively, a block that is entirely impermeable, such as a water-impermeable concrete block, may be used. In addition, the weight member 403 is
It can also be laid on the surface of 1 through a water-impermeable film 407b.

As the water-impermeable films 407a and 407b,
Polyvinyl chloride, polyester, low density polyethylene,
High-density polyethylene, polypropylene, etc. can be used.

Next, another example of the fourth means will be described. When the distilled water generated by the above-mentioned device is stored in a storage tank, and when the distilled water in the storage tank is transferred to the plant source of the plant to be grown or after being stored in the storage tank, an auxiliary tank by any means When the water is transferred to the storage tank 111 or the auxiliary tank 408, as shown in FIG.
A tube 410 with small holes filled with 409 is provided on the surface of the soil, the small holes are arranged downward, and the solution is sent to the plant source of the plant to be grown, or one of the tubes 410 with small holes is stored in the storage tank 111. Alternatively, it can be placed in the auxiliary tank 408, the other is buried in the soil, and the solution can be sent to the source of the plant to be grown.
The plant receives the required amount of water delivered by the tube 410 by capillarity. By providing the weight member 403 on the surface of the soil 401, the liquid transfer in the tube 410 can be promoted.

For the tube 410 having small holes, various thermoplastic synthetic resins such as polyvinyl chloride, polyolefin such as polyethylene and polypropylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyester and polyamide can be used. The resin may be in the form of a film, a sheet, or a water impermeable nonwoven fabric.

In the method of manufacturing the tube 410, for example, a belt-shaped thermoplastic synthetic resin sheet is formed, and small holes to be watering holes are provided at predetermined intervals. Next, a water retention material 409 is attached to the thermoplastic synthetic resin sheet by adhering or heat-sealing, and both edges of the strip-shaped thermoplastic synthetic resin sheet on which the water retention material is attached are heeled to form a tube. 410 can be formed.

When the distilled water is supplied from the storage tank 111 or the auxiliary tank 408 through the water retention material to the plant source, 1
One storage tank 111 (or auxiliary tank 408) may supply water to a plurality of places where irrigation is required. In addition, for example, when there are multiple places where watering is required,
It is also possible to provide an auxiliary tank 408 at each place where irrigation is required and to supply the distilled water introduced from the storage tank 111 from the auxiliary tank 408 to a plurality of places where irrigation is required through a water retention material. Can be in the range of equipment.

The distillation and irrigation system of the present invention may have a form other than the above-mentioned system within the scope of solving the problems of the present invention.

Further, the distillation irrigation system of the present invention is a fixed type,
It can take various forms such as a unit type or a general type, and a miniaturized device.

[0090]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, even water containing solid foreign matter is distilled to obtain distilled water containing no foreign matter. Therefore, when the distilled water is irrigated to the plant base, Efficient watering is achieved without causing clogging of the small holes of the tube as in the conventional case. Further, even raw water containing salt can be safely supplied to plants because it is distilled into water containing no salt. In addition, since sunlight uses sunlight for distillation, no other power is required. Therefore, it is possible to provide a distillation irrigation system that can be implemented even in a desert area where it is difficult to use electric power.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing an example of a distillation irrigation system.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a usage example of the apparatus of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a usage example of another distillation irrigation device.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of an essential part showing another example of the third means.

FIG. 5 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing an example of a water storage section.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a variation state of the depth of a flowing water channel.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of an essential part showing an example of a second means.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the distillation irrigation system.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of a distillation irrigation system.

FIG. 10 is a sectional view of an essential part showing an example of means for increasing the amount of distilled water produced.

FIG. 11 is a sectional view showing another modification of the apparatus of FIG.

FIG. 12 is a schematic sectional view showing an example of a fourth means.

FIG. 13 is a partially cutaway sectional view showing an example of improvement of a gutter body that discharges distilled water from the inside of soil.

FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of an essential part showing a usage example of the gutter body of FIG.

FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the fourth means.

[Explanation of symbols]

 100: Raw water 101: Flow channel 102: Trough 103: Outer surface of trough 104: Rib 105: Closed space 106: Sunlight 107: Water storage section 108: Partition wall 109: Raw water induction material 110: Raw water tank 111: Storage tank 112: Partition wall 113: Raw water tank 114: Raw water tank 115: Distilled water flow path 200: Condensed water (distilled water) 201: Coating material (lid) 202: Inner surface of coating material 203: Cooling tank 204: Introducing section 205: Condensation Member 206: Discharge part 207: Stand 208: Cold air reservoir 209: Sloping surface 210: Water impermeable film 211: Water retaining material 212: Aqueous plant 213: Supporting member 214: Sloping surface of supporting member 215: Evaporating shelf 216: Heat insulating material 217 : Black film 301: Extraction part 302: Both ends 303: Engagement part 304: Trough curl part 305: Lid curl part 3 6: Distilled water induction small hole 307: Through hole 401: Soil 402: Plant 403: Weight member 404: Lower surface of weight member 405: Wet region 406: Water retaining material 407: Water impermeable film 408: Auxiliary tank 409: Water retaining material 410 :tube

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ───

[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] June 20, 1996

[Procedure amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0041

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

Next, the take-out section 301 which constitutes the third means
In the example shown in FIG. 2, both edge portions 302 of the lid 201 are
(See FIG. 1) Engagement portion 303 provided with a step
(See FIG. 1) and ribs 104 of the gutter body 102 (see FIG. 1)
Due to the existence of the above, a gap is formed between the upper edge of the gutter body 102 and the inner surface of the lid body 201.

[Procedure amendment 2]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0048

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

Further, in the present invention, as shown in FIG. 6, by laying the raw water guiding material 109 in the running water channel, it is possible to perform irrigation without interruption of the water even on a sloping land or undulating land . In the undulating land , the raw water 100 exists on the running channel at points A and B. However, since point C is higher than points A and B, raw water 10
0 cannot exist. But if it does,
The raw water inducer 109 has an advantage that the raw water at the point B is sucked up by the capillary action, and the raw water 100 exists at the point C or on the terminal side of the point.

[Procedure 3]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0049

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

[0049] As the raw water induction material 109, it can be used absorbent woven or nonwoven sheet or absorbent open cell foam. It is a water-absorbent open cell foam, soft urethane foam, hard urethane foam, Fe Roh Lumpur resin foam 及
Fine urea made foam and the like. Further, also it is used a sponge containing an inorganic filler in hay or rubber
Wear. Can be selected using the above at least one or from the continuous foam and hay or the like, for example, open cell foam or al 1
One kind or two or more kinds may be selected to form a single layer, or two or more kinds may be selected to form a multi-layered structure having two or more layers. Also, a water-absorbent woven or non-woven sheet and a water-absorbent continuous foam and
It can also be used in combination with hay and the like.

[Procedure amendment 4]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0058

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

FIG. 9 shows a modification of the apparatus shown in FIG. In the illustrated apparatus, the raw water tank 110 is provided on the south side (S direction in the figure) where the sunlight 106 hits, and the storage tank 111 is provided with the sunlight 10.
It is provided on the north side (N direction in the figure) where 6 does not hit. In the covering material 201, the temperature increase is suppressed more in the portion on the north side N than on the south side S, and a large amount of condensed water is formed. Therefore, the air containing steam existing in the space 105 on the south side moves to the cold air reservoir 208 on the north side having a lower temperature, is cooled, and is condensed to be distilled water 200 . In FIG. 9, the coating material 201 on the north side N is illustrated as being corrugated.

[Procedure Amendment 5]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0060

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

As shown in FIG. 9, the raw water tank 11
When the inclined surface 209 is formed on the north side of 0 and the water impermeable film 210 is laid along the inclined surface 209, water vapor is condensed on the surface of the water impermeable film 210 and the distilled water 200
Is obtained. That is, the area of the place where distilled water is generated increases. At this time, if the inclined surface 209 is formed of, for example, a soil layer, the soil layer cools the impermeable film 210, which is preferable.

[Procedure correction 6]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0061

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

In the present invention, when an aquatic plant 212 (see FIG. 9) is grown in the raw water shown in FIGS. 2, 3, 8 and 9, the transpiration action of the plant is promoted by the sunlight, and It is possible to accelerate the increase of the water vapor density in the air, increase the production efficiency of distilled water, and further increase the production amount of distilled water. Examples of aquatic plants, floating-leaved plants (chestnut, Euryale, water lilies, water shield, G H Kagami, pondweed, etc.) and,浮漂plants (duckweed, duckweed, Lemna Trisulca, salvinia, giant red duckweed, etc.) and the like, these It is desirable to select a wide variety of plants according to the quality of raw water.

[Procedure amendment 7]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0078

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

In FIG. 14, reference numerals 406a and 406b are water retaining materials for supplying distilled water from the inside of the soil to the plant origin. In the present invention, as the water retention material, it is preferable to use a resin product having hydrophilicity and / or water absorption, or a natural fiber. The resin product having a hydrophilic and or the water absorbent, polyester high corrosion resistance, materials subjected to hydrophilic treatment to a nonwoven fabric with a synthetic resin such as polyamide is desirable, can be formed by scan pan volume command spinning like. It can also be formed by using polyethylene, polypropylene fibers or the like whose surface is hydrophilically treated.

[Procedure amendment 8]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name]

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

Next, another example of the fourth means will be described. When the distilled water generated by the above-mentioned device is stored in a storage tank, and when the distilled water in the storage tank is transferred to the plant source of the plant to be grown or after being stored in the storage tank, an auxiliary tank by any means In the case of transferring to the plant source of the plant to be grown from the auxiliary tank, as shown in FIG. 15, a tube 41 with small holes filled with a water retention material 409 is used.
One of the two is stored in the storage tank 111 or the auxiliary tank 408.
Then, the other is provided on the surface of the soil, the small holes are arranged downward, and liquid is sent to the plant source of the plant to be grown, or one of the tubes 410 with small holes is placed in the storage tank 111 or the auxiliary tank 408. , The other can be buried in the soil and sent to the source of the plant to be grown. Plants in tube 410
Receives the required amount of water delivered by the capillarity. When the weight member 403 is provided on the surface of the soil 401, the liquid transfer inside the tube 410 can be promoted.

Claims (19)

[Claims] 1. A first means having a structure for increasing a water vapor density in air in a closed space formed above raw water by heat of sunlight, and cooling the air to condense the water vapor. Second means having a constitution for generating distilled water by means of the above, a third means having a constitution for taking out the distilled water, and a constitution for supplying the taken-out distilled water to the plant base of the plant to be irrigated. A distillation irrigation system comprising: a fourth means. 2. The distillation irrigation system according to claim 1, wherein the closed system space of the first means is formed by raw water and a translucent coating material that covers the upper portion of the raw water. 3. Raw water is present in a running water channel, the running water channel is formed by an impermeable trough, and a translucent covering material covering the upper side of the trough is a lid. The distillation irrigation system according to claim 2. 4. The distillation irrigation system according to claim 3, wherein at least an inner surface of the gutter has a color having a good heat absorbing property. 5. The distillation irrigation system according to claim 3, wherein a water-impermeable film colored in a color having good heat absorption is laid on the inner surface of the gutter. 6. The distillation irrigation system according to claim 3, wherein the gutter body is formed by laying a water-impermeable film. 7. The distillation irrigation system according to claim 3, wherein the gutter is made of concrete. 8. The distillation irrigation system according to claim 2, wherein the raw water is present in the raw water tank, and a translucent coating material is coated on the raw water tank. 9. A second means cools the outer surface of the covering material for covering the upper part of the raw water with the outside air to suppress the temperature rise of the covering material, and keeps the inner surface of the covering material at a low temperature to form water droplets. 2. The distillation irrigation system according to claim 1, which is means for producing condensed water in the form of film or in the form of distilled water as distilled water. 10. The distillation according to claim 1, wherein the second means is a means for inducing the air in the closed system space to the outside and cooling it to condense steam to generate distilled water. Irrigation device. 11. The distilled irrigation system according to claim 1, wherein the second means comprises means for increasing the amount of distilled water produced. 12. The distillation irrigation system according to claim 12, wherein the means for increasing the amount of distilled water produced is means for increasing the area of the place where the distilled water is produced. 13. The distilled irrigation system according to claim 12, wherein the means for increasing the amount of distilled water produced comprises aquatic plants grown in raw water. 14. A means for increasing the amount of distilled water produced is a water retention material for immersing at least a part of raw water and projecting it into the closed space to increase the contact area between air in the closed space and raw water. The distillation irrigation system according to claim 12, further comprising a tool. 15. The third means is characterized in that it has a take-out portion for taking out distilled water, and the take-out portion has a gap provided between the flowing water channel and the covering material. Distillation irrigation equipment. 16. A third means comprises a take-out section for taking out distilled water, and a fourth means comprises means for laterally moving the taken-out distilled water from the soil surface and supplying it to the plant origin. The distilled irrigation system according to claim 1, wherein 17. A third means comprises a take-out part for taking out distilled water, and a fourth means comprises a water-retaining material for supplying the taken-out distilled water from the inside of the soil to the plant base. The distilled irrigation system according to claim 1, wherein 18. A third means comprises a storage tank for storing the distilled water taken out, and a fourth means comprises a water retaining material for supplying the distilled water in the storage tank to a plant base. The distilled irrigation system according to claim 1, wherein 19. A third means comprises a storage tank for storing the distilled water taken out and an auxiliary tank for introducing the distilled water in the storage tank, and the fourth means is distilled water in the auxiliary tank. The distiller irrigation system according to claim 1, further comprising a water retention material for supplying water to the plant base.