JPH0950228A - Production of hologram - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a production method for hologram by which a hologram pattern can be easily and efficiently produced. SOLUTION: This production method includes the following steps. In the first process, a printing plate 11 having an ink permeating part 13 and having a flat surface of a hologram pattern is mounted on the surface 1a of a substrate 1. The printing plate 11 is attracted by an electromagnet 15 through the back surface of the substrate 1 so that the plate 11 is tightly adhered to the substrate surface 1a. In the second process, an ink is applied on the printing plate 11 so as to print the substrate surface 1a through the ink permeating part 13. In the third process, the ink applied on the substrate 1 by printing is solidified to form a hologram pattern.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for producing a hologram.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Holograms are used for holography in which a stereoscopic image or the like is recorded and reproduced by utilizing waves whose wavefronts are perfectly aligned. In this hologram 120, for example, as shown in FIG. 5, a light L is applied to an object 110, and a signal wave L1 which is diffracted light passing through the light is interfered with a reference wave L2 directly obtained from the same light source. , And the interference fringes are recorded as a hologram pattern on a photosensitive material or the like. Since this hologram pattern is the three-dimensional position information of the object 110, the three-dimensional image 111 can be reproduced by irradiating the hologram pattern of the hologram 120 again with the light L3 as shown in FIG. Further, some holograms 120 have hologram patterns formed on the basis of signal waves of virtual stereoscopic images obtained by a computer.

The applications of the hologram 120 are roughly classified into
There are three-dimensional image display, measurement by holographic interferometry, hologram optical element, and the like, but generally known ones are those provided on a card for the purpose of preventing forgery and decoration of the package.

The principle of manufacturing the hologram 120 is as described above. However, when a large amount of the same hologram, such as a decoration hologram for a package, is produced, for example, FIG.
~ A method as shown in Fig. 10 is used. First, as shown in FIG. 7, a photoresist 131 is applied onto a substrate 121 and dried to form a required thickness. Next, as shown in FIG. 8, the substrate 121 on which the photoresist 131 is formed is placed in the electron beam drawing apparatus 140, and the photoresist 1
The electron beam 141 is scanned on 31 based on the hologram pattern of the virtual stereoscopic image calculated by the computer, the photoresist 131 is developed, and the resist pattern 1
31A is formed, and the resist pattern 131A is used to perform etching as shown in FIG. Through the above steps, the hologram pattern 122 of the virtual stereoscopic image can be formed on the substrate 121 as shown in FIG.

[0005]

However, in the above-mentioned method, since the number of steps is large, the manufacturing work is complicated and it is difficult to improve the manufacturing cycle. Therefore, there is a problem that it is difficult to achieve further cost reduction corresponding to mass production.

In view of the above circumstances, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method of manufacturing a hologram, which makes it easier and more efficient to manufacture a hologram pattern.

[0007]

A method of manufacturing a hologram according to claim 1, wherein the hologram is provided with a substrate having a hologram pattern formed on the surface thereof, and the ink has a shape of the hologram pattern to be formed. The first step of mounting the printing original plate having the passage portion on the surface of the substrate and adsorbing the printing original plate from the back side of the substrate by magnetic force to bring it into close contact with the surface of the substrate, and the ink passing through the ink passage portion by rubbing the ink on the substrate. The means for solving the above-mentioned problems is provided with a second step of printing on the surface and a third step of solidifying the ink printed on the substrate to form a hologram pattern. Therefore, in the state where the printing original plate is adsorbed on the substrate, the printing original plate is rubbed with the ink and the ink is printed on the substrate, so that the deviation between the printing original plate and the substrate is prevented, and the ink is applied to the substrate, Ink printing position accuracy is ensured. Further, since the ink printed on the substrate forms a three-dimensional shape with the ink passage portion as a mold, it is possible to form a hologram pattern having a target shape with high accuracy by being solidified.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the method of producing the hologram according to the first aspect, wherein in the second step, the rubbing of the ink is caused by reciprocal movement of a squeegee sliding on the surface of the printing original plate. What was done was made into the means for solving the said subject. Therefore, the reciprocating movement of the squeegee with respect to the printing original plate ensures the printing of the ink on the substrate. Further, since the printing original plate is in surface-contact with the substrate in a pressure-contact state, the displacement of the printing original plate and the substrate in the surface direction is prevented when the squeegee reciprocates.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of producing a hologram according to the first or second aspect, wherein the ink comprises a base material and particles which are constituent materials of a hologram pattern. At least a part of the substrate is made of the same material as the means for solving the problems. Therefore, since the hologram pattern and the substrate have various properties close to each other, the hologram pattern and the substrate are surely integrated, and the hologram pattern and the substrate have substantially uniform electrical and physical properties. be able to.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a hologram production method according to the third aspect, wherein the third step is a step of firing particles in the ink integrally with the substrate. It was used as a solution to the problem. Therefore, by burning the ink printed on the substrate, it is possible to evaporate the base material and fire the hologram pattern formed of particles in the ink.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a hologram production method according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein the third step is a step of irradiating the ink with far infrared rays. Was used as a means for solving the above problems.
Therefore, the surface layer and the inside of the ink are uniformly heated and solidified by the action of far infrared rays. Further, since the substrate is heated at the same time as the ink is heated, the components in the ink and the substrate are integrated with the solidification of the ink, and the solidification time can be shortened.

The hologram manufacturing method according to claim 6 is the method for manufacturing a hologram according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the ink contains an ultraviolet curable substance, and the third step is the ink The step of irradiating the surface with ultraviolet rays to cure the ultraviolet curable substance was taken as a means for solving the above problems. Therefore, since the ink is solidified by the curing of the ultraviolet curable substance, heat input to the ink and the substrate is small, and there is no fear of distortion or deformation due to heat input or cooling.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of producing a hologram according to any one of the first to sixth aspects, wherein after the completion of printing the ink on the substrate, the attraction force by the magnetic force on the back side of the substrate is applied. The means for solving the above-mentioned problems was provided with a fourth step of weakening and adsorbing the printing original plate from the back side by magnetic force to separate it from the substrate. Therefore, after the printing of the ink on the substrate is completed, the magnetic force generated by the magnetic force generation source on the back side of the substrate is weakened or the magnetic force generation source is moved away from the substrate to weaken the attraction force to the printing original plate. The separation of the printing original plate from the substrate is adsorption by the magnetic force from the back side of the printing original plate,
The suction force acts over a wide range of the printing original plate, and stable separation can be performed without causing distortion or the like in the printing original plate.

The hologram manufacturing method according to claim 8 is the method for manufacturing a hologram according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the first ink is applied onto the ink which has been solidified in the third step. The solution of the above problems is provided with the fifth step of printing the ink by the step and the second step. Therefore, by printing the ink again on the solidified ink, a thick hologram pattern or a hologram pattern having a shape that is not easily filled with ink, such as a sharp taper in the thickness direction, is formed more densely. be able to. Further, by using different kinds of ink between the fifth step and the second step, it is possible to form hologram patterns having various properties.

[0015]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION An embodiment of a hologram manufacturing method according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a step (first step) of placing and adhering the printing original plate 11 on the surface 1 a of the substrate 1, and the substrate 1 is a glass plate material and has a flat surface 1 a.

On the other hand, the printing original plate 11 is a thin plate material having a thickness of several .mu.m to several tens .mu.m, and has the shape of the hologram pattern 2 to be formed on the surface 1a of the substrate 1 as shown in FIG. The groove-shaped ink passage portion 13 shown in is formed so as to penetrate in the thickness direction. As the printing original plate 11, (1) a printing original plate 11 formed by dispersing and fixing ferromagnetic powder in a binder, or (2) a printing original plate 11 in which an ink passage portion 13 is formed on a thin plate made of a ferromagnetic material. , Etc. can be used.

(1) As the ferromagnetic powder dispersed and fixed in a binder, a mesh screen woven with synthetic fibers such as nylon or polyester or fine metal wires such as stainless steel is used to pass ink in a printing pattern. Part 13
It is possible to use, for example, a resin layer to which ferromagnetic powder is added, which is formed in other portions. In this case, as a method for forming the resin layer, a well-known photoresist to which ferromagnetic powder is added is applied to the screen, and the screen is exposed to an inverted shape of a printing pattern, and then an unnecessary portion is removed. A method of forming the ink passage portion 13 by using the above method is preferable. As the ferromagnetic material, any of the conventionally known ferromagnetic materials such as iron, cobalt, nickel or alloys thereof, oxide-based magnetic materials, and compound-based magnetic materials can be used. If sufficient tensile strength can be obtained only with the resin layer, the mesh screen is omitted and metal powder-added resin (so-called rubber magnets and plastic magnets are included)
The printing original plate 11 may be formed only from the above. In that case, the printing original plate 11 is etched or machined to form openings (ink passing portions) forming a printing pattern. Further, the mesh screen may be formed of a ferromagnetic material.

(2) Ink passage portion 13 on a thin ferromagnetic metal plate
As the material having the ink passage portion 13 formed therein, a thin plate of a ferromagnetic metal such as soft iron, cobalt alloy, nickel alloy or the like is punched and processed by a method such as laser processing or etching to form the ink passage portion 13 forming a print pattern can be used. .
A reinforcing mesh screen may be attached to the thin metal plate on which the ink passage portion 13 is formed.

The hologram pattern 2 shown in FIG.
As shown in (4), the ink 14 printed on the substrate surface 1a by being filled in the ink passage portion 13 of the printing original plate 11 is solidified. The ink 14 contains a protein or the like, and glass particles 14b of the same quality as the substrate 1 are dispersed in a base material 14a which can be solidified from a fluid state by a temperature change or the like.

A method of forming the hologram pattern 2 on the surface 1a of the substrate 1 using the printing original plate 11 and the like will be described below. In the first step, as shown in FIG.
Is attached to the front surface 1a of the substrate 1, and the printing original plate 11 is adsorbed from the back side of the substrate 1 by the magnetic force of the electromagnet 15 and brought into close contact with the front surface 1a of the substrate. At this time, the electromagnet 15 is adjusted by adjusting the current in a current supply unit (not shown).
The adsorption force of is controlled.

In the second step, as shown in FIG. 2, the upper surface 11a of the printing original plate 11 is provided so as to be capable of friction and sliding,
The ink 14 is supplied to the front side in the sliding direction of the squeegee 16 that is on standby at the standby position (direction of arrow A in the figure), and the squeegee 1
6 is driven. Then, the ink 14 becomes squeegee 16
Is rubbed against the printing original plate 11 by the ink passing portion 13
Is printed on the substrate 1 through. In this step, the squeegee 16 is reciprocally driven on the upper surface 11 a of the printing original plate 11, and the reciprocal driving of the squeegee 16 causes the ink 1
4 is pressed into the ink passage portion 13 with high density. Also,
In the present embodiment, the attraction force of the electromagnet 15 prevents the entire surface of the printing original plate 11 from being in pressure contact with the substrate surface 1a, thus preventing the occurrence of a gap or the like. Therefore, a sufficient frictional force is generated in the surface direction, and even when the squeegee 16 reciprocates while rubbing the upper surface 11a of the printing original plate 11, the displacement of the printing original plate 11 can be effectively prevented. Therefore, the ink 14 on the substrate surface 1a
It is possible to secure the accuracy of printing position of the ink 14 and the printing position of the ink 14. Further, even if the squeegee 16 is strongly pressed against the upper surface 11a of the printing original plate 11, the printing original plate 11 does not shift, so that the ink 14 can be pressed into the ink passage portion 13 with high density. Therefore, it is possible to more faithfully form a three-dimensional shape having the ink passing portion 13 of the printing original plate 11 as a mold, and as shown in FIG.
Can be formed with high precision.

In the third step, the energization of the electromagnet 15 of FIG. 2 is released, and the printing original plate 11 is separated from the substrate 1 (FIG. 3).
), The ink 14 printed on the substrate 1 is dried and solidified. The solidification of the ink 14 may be performed by sintering or the like depending on the material of the ink 14. In addition, since the ink 14 contains protein during sintering, the volume shrinkage during printing of the ink 14 is less than that of an organic solvent,
The desired shape is maintained.

Further, the third step includes a fourth step of releasing the energization, adsorbing the printing original plate 11 from its back surface by magnetic force, and separating it from the substrate 1. According to this, the suction force acts over a wide range of the printing original plate 11, and the printing original plate 1
The disengagement can be stably performed without causing distortion or the like in 1. Further, in this detaching work, since the printing original plate 11 can be accurately moved along the height direction of the hologram pattern 2, the wall shape is not affected. De-energization of the electromagnet 15 may be replaced by moving the electromagnet 15 away from the substrate 1. The printing original plate 11 after being detached from the substrate 1 is moved to the mounting position on the substrate 1 again, and thereafter, is repeatedly used for printing the ink 14. It is also possible to attract the printing original plate 11 with a permanent magnet instead of the electromagnet 15. In this case, the attraction force of the printing original plate 11 is adjusted by moving the permanent magnet toward and away from the substrate 1.

As described above, according to the method of this embodiment, the printing original plate 11 is attracted by the attracting force of the electromagnet 15 and is rubbed and printed with the ink 14 on the printing original plate 11 while being pressed against the substrate 1. , The adhesion of the printing original plate 11 to the substrate 1 is secured and the displacement in the surface direction is prevented,
The ink 14 can be placed on the substrate 1 and the printing position accuracy of the ink 14 can be ensured, and the hologram pattern 2 having a target shape can be formed on the substrate surface 1a with high accuracy and easily.
This reduces the manufacturing cost of the hologram 100 shown in FIG. 4 and improves the manufacturing efficiency thereof. In addition, since the ink passage portion 13 in the printing original plate 11 can be easily designed, the degree of freedom in setting the shape, forming position, etc. of the hologram pattern 2 is improved.

Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the ink 14 is printed by the first step and the second step on the first layer 17 formed by the ink 14 of which the solidification is completed in the third step. To form the second layer 18 (fifth step)
Then, by forming the hologram pattern 2, the hologram pattern 2 having a large thickness or the hologram pattern 2 having a shape that is not easily filled with the ink 14 such as being sharply tapered in the thickness direction can be formed more densely. You can Therefore, the hologram pattern 2 can be formed more easily and highly accurately.

In this case, the first layer 17 in contact with the substrate 1 is a homogeneous layer containing a large amount of glass particles 14b of the same quality as the substrate 1, and the second layer 18 is a heterogeneous layer 18 made of a material different from that of the substrate 1. You can also As the foreign layer 18,
For example, an inexpensive material or the like can be considered, which makes it possible to further reduce the manufacturing cost.

Further, the ink 14 may be made to contain an ultraviolet curable substance, and the ink 14 may be irradiated with ultraviolet rays to be cured. In this configuration, the ink 14
Also, since the heat input to the substrate 1 is small and there is no concern about distortion or deformation due to heat input or cooling, the accuracy of forming the hologram pattern 2 is further improved.

When using the ink 14 which can be solidified by natural drying, far infrared rays can be used for drying the ink 14. In the case of this method, since the surface layer and the inside of the ink 14 are heated and solidified evenly, the residual stress is small inside the wall forming the hologram pattern 2 of the ink 14, and the quality is stable. Further, since the substrate 1 is heated at the same time as the ink 14 is heated, the components in the ink 14 and the substrate 1 are easily and surely integrated with the solidification of the ink 14, and the solidification time can be shortened.

Further, by mixing the fine powder of the ferromagnetic material described above with the ink 14, the ink 14 held in the ink passage portion 13 is magnetically attracted toward the substrate 1, and the ink passage portion 13 is attracted. It is also possible to improve the dischargeability of the ink 14 from the inside.

If unevenness is provided in the ink passage portion 13, the hologram pattern 2 having various shapes can be formed. However, the unevenness in the ink passing portion 13 is caused by the printing original plate 1.
The shape of the printed ink is not destroyed in the separation of 1.

[0031]

As described above, according to the hologram manufacturing method of the first aspect of the present invention, the ink is rubbed against the printing original plate and the ink is applied to the substrate while the printing original plate is adsorbed on the substrate. Since printing is performed, the ink can be deposited on the substrate and the printing position accuracy of the ink can be ensured. Moreover, since the ink printed on the substrate forms a three-dimensional shape with the ink passage portion as a mold, when solidified, the wall body forming the hologram pattern of the target shape can be formed with high accuracy. Therefore, it is possible to easily and accurately form a hologram pattern having a target shape at a target position on the surface of the substrate. Further, this reduces the manufacturing cost of the hologram and improves the manufacturing efficiency thereof. In addition, since it is easy to design the ink passing portion in the printing original plate, there is an excellent effect that the degree of freedom in setting the shape, forming position, etc. of the hologram pattern is improved.

According to the hologram manufacturing method of the second aspect, in the second step, the rubbing of the ink is performed by the reciprocating movement of the squeegee that slides on the surface of the printing original plate, so that the ink is reliably printed on the substrate. Further, the accuracy of forming the hologram pattern is further improved. Further, since the printing original plate is in surface contact with the substrate in a pressure contact state, a displacement in the surface direction between the printing original plate and the substrate is prevented when the squeegee reciprocates,
High manufacturing accuracy can be easily obtained.

In the method of manufacturing a hologram according to claim 3, since at least a part of the ink particles and the substrate are made of the same material, and the hologram pattern and the substrate have similar properties, the hologram pattern and the substrate are integrated. In addition, it is possible to easily and inexpensively manufacture a hologram in which the hologram pattern and the substrate have substantially the same electrical and physical properties.

According to the hologram manufacturing method of the fourth aspect, the ink printed on the substrate is burned to evaporate the base material of the ink to burn the hologram pattern composed of particles in the ink. The integration with the pattern can be achieved more surely, and the uniformity of the electrical and physical properties of the hologram is easy.

According to the hologram manufacturing method of the fifth aspect, since the ink is solidified by irradiation of far infrared rays,
The surface layer and the inside of the ink are evenly heated and solidified, and the residual stress is small inside the hologram pattern and the quality is stable. Further, since the substrate is also heated at the same time as the heating of the ink, the components in the ink and the substrate are easily and surely integrated with solidification of the ink. Further, it is possible to shorten the solidification time.

According to the hologram manufacturing method of the sixth aspect, since the ink is solidified by the curing of the ultraviolet curable substance, the heat input to the ink and the substrate is small, and there is a fear of distortion or deformation due to heat input or cooling. Therefore, the accuracy of forming the hologram pattern is further improved.

According to the hologram manufacturing method of the seventh aspect, the printing original plate is attracted from the back surface thereof by magnetic force and separated from the substrate, so that the attraction force acts over a wide range of the printing original plate, so that the printing original plate is applied. Stable separation can be performed without causing distortion, etc., and since it does not affect the ink shape after printing, the hologram pattern formation accuracy is further improved, and when the printing original plate is repeatedly used over a long period of time. Can also ensure ink printing accuracy.

According to the hologram manufacturing method of the eighth aspect, the ink is printed again on the solidified ink, so that the thick hologram pattern or the ink having a sharp taper in the thickness direction is generated. It is possible to easily and accurately form a hologram pattern that is difficult to fill. Further, by printing different kinds of ink on the ink which has been completely solidified, it is possible to form hologram patterns having various properties. By using an inexpensive material for the heterogeneous layer, it is possible to further reduce the manufacturing cost.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a hologram manufacturing method according to the present invention, and is a diagram showing a step (first step) of placing and adsorbing a printing original plate on a substrate surface.

FIG. 2 is a side cross-sectional view showing a step (second step) of rubbing the ink into the ink passage portion in the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a hologram pattern of a hologram formed by the same embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the hologram manufacturing method according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a principle of manufacturing a hologram.

FIG. 6 is a diagram in which a stereoscopic image is reproduced from a hologram.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of a conventional hologram manufacturing method, showing a first step thereof.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of a conventional method of manufacturing a hologram, showing a second step thereof.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of a conventional hologram manufacturing method, showing a third step thereof.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of a conventional method of manufacturing a hologram, showing a fourth step thereof.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Substrate 1a ... Surface 2 ... Hologram pattern 11 ... Printing original plate 11a ... Upper surface (surface) 13 ... Ink passage part 14 ... Ink 14a ... Base material 14b ... Glass particles (particles) 16 ... Squeegee 100 ... Hologram

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A method of manufacturing a hologram comprising a substrate having a hologram pattern formed on a surface thereof, wherein a printing original plate having an ink passage portion having a shape of a hologram pattern to be formed is mounted on the surface of the substrate, A first step of adsorbing the printing original plate from the back side of the substrate with a magnetic force to bring it into close contact with the substrate surface; and a second step of rubbing ink on the printing original plate to print on the substrate surface through the ink passage portion. And a third step of solidifying the ink printed on the substrate to form the hologram pattern. 2. The method of manufacturing a hologram according to claim 1, wherein in the second step, rubbing of the ink is performed by reciprocating movement of a squeegee that slides on the surface of the printing original plate. Method of manufacturing hologram. 3. The method for producing a hologram according to claim 1, wherein the ink comprises a base material and particles which are constituent materials of the hologram pattern, and the particles and at least a part of the substrate are the same. A method of manufacturing a hologram, which is made of a material. 4. The method of manufacturing a hologram according to claim 3, wherein the third step is a step of firing particles in the ink integrally with the substrate. . 5. The hologram manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein the third step is a step of irradiating the ink with far infrared rays. Method. 6. The method for manufacturing a hologram according to claim 1, wherein the ink contains an ultraviolet curable substance, and in the third step, the ink is irradiated with an ultraviolet ray. A method for producing a hologram, which comprises a step of curing an ultraviolet curable substance. 7. The method of manufacturing a hologram according to claim 1, wherein after the printing of the ink on the substrate is completed, the attraction force by the magnetic force on the back side of the substrate is weakened.
A method for producing a hologram, comprising a fourth step of magnetically attracting the printing original plate from the back side thereof to separate it from the substrate. 8. The method for manufacturing a hologram according to claim 1, wherein the first step and the second step are applied on the ink which has been solidified in the third step. A method for manufacturing a hologram, comprising a fifth step of printing the ink according to.