JPH0975681A - Diffusion dialysis apparatus and method - Google Patents
Diffusion dialysis apparatus and methodInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0975681A JPH0975681A JP23527695A JP23527695A JPH0975681A JP H0975681 A JPH0975681 A JP H0975681A JP 23527695 A JP23527695 A JP 23527695A JP 23527695 A JP23527695 A JP 23527695A JP H0975681 A JPH0975681 A JP H0975681A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- membrane
- stock solution
- acid
- dialysis
- raw liquid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000000502 dialysis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 115
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 claims description 95
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- 229910052770 Uranium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 16
- JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N uranium(0) Chemical compound [U] JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 13
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000003014 ion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- -1 uranium ion Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000909 electrodialysis Methods 0.000 abstract 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 4
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003011 anion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hcl hcl Chemical compound Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、拡散透析装置及び
方法に係わり、特に、多量の陽イオン（ウラン等）を含
有する原液の中の酸を適切に水中に回収することができ
る拡散透析装置及び拡散透析方法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a diffusion dialysis apparatus and method, and more particularly to a diffusion dialysis apparatus capable of appropriately recovering an acid in a stock solution containing a large amount of cations (uranium, etc.) into water. And a diffusion dialysis method.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、メッキ工場等において多量に発生
する酸廃液中の酸を回収し、再利用するために、拡散透
析装置及び方法が使用されている。この従来の拡散透析
装置及び方法は、透析膜として拡散透析膜を使用し、こ
の拡散透析膜を介して原液中の酸を選択的に水中に透過
させて酸の回収を図るようにしたものである。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a diffusion dialysis apparatus and method have been used for recovering and recycling the acid in the acid waste liquid, which is generated in large quantities in a plating factory or the like. This conventional diffusion dialysis apparatus and method uses a diffusion dialysis membrane as a dialysis membrane, and the acid in the stock solution is selectively permeated into water through the diffusion dialysis membrane to recover the acid. is there.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところが、上述した従
来の拡散透析装置及び方法は、メッキ工場等において発
生する酸廃液を透析するためのものであるため、透過膜
に対する塩（陽イオン）の透過率、すなわち漏洩率が高
い。このため、この従来の拡散透析装置及び方法は、原
子力関連施設等において発生する多量のウラン（陽イオ
ン）を含有した酸性液や多量のナトリウム（陽イオン）
を含有したアルカリ性溶液からの酸回収には適していな
かった。例えば、ウラン等の陽イオンの分離能を高めて
回収される酸の純度を高めることができなかった。ま
た、アルカリ性溶液中のＣｌ- 、ＳＯ4 2-、ＮＯ 3 - 等
の陰イオンは、ＯＨ- に比して透過膜に対する透過性が
悪いために、従来の拡散透析装置及び方法では回収が不
可能であった。However, since the above-mentioned conventional diffusion dialysis apparatus and method are for dialysis of the acid waste liquid generated in the plating factory, etc., the permeation of salt (cation) to the permeable membrane is not possible. The rate, that is, the leakage rate is high. For this reason, this conventional diffusion dialysis apparatus and method are used in an acidic liquid containing a large amount of uranium (cations) or a large amount of sodium (cations) generated in nuclear facilities.
It was not suitable for acid recovery from an alkaline solution containing. For example, it has not been possible to enhance the separation ability of cations such as uranium to enhance the purity of the recovered acid. Further, since anions such as Cl − , SO 4 2− and NO 3 − in the alkaline solution have lower permeability to the permeable membrane than OH − , they cannot be collected by the conventional diffusion dialysis apparatus and method. It was possible.
【０００４】そこで、本発明は、上記問題点を解消し、
ウラン、ナトリウム等の多量の陽イオンを含有した排液
（原液）からの酸回収を高い回収率で行うことができ、
ウラン等の陽イオンの分離効率を高めることが可能であ
り、アルカリ性又は中性の原液をも処理することができ
る拡散透析装置及び方法を提供することを目的とする。Therefore, the present invention solves the above problems,
It is possible to recover acid from waste liquid (stock solution) containing a large amount of cations such as uranium and sodium at a high recovery rate.
An object of the present invention is to provide a diffusion dialysis apparatus and method capable of enhancing the separation efficiency of cations such as uranium and capable of treating an alkaline or neutral stock solution.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】請求項１記載の発明は、
電解透析膜で形成された透析膜と、この透析膜の一面側
に膜表面に対して略平行に酸を含有した原液を流通させ
る原液流通手段と、前記透析膜の他面側に前記原液の流
れ方向に対向して水を流通させる水流通手段とを備え、
前記透析膜を介した拡散透析によって原液中の酸を水中
に回収するようにしたことを特徴とする。According to the first aspect of the present invention,
A dialysis membrane formed of an electrolytic dialysis membrane, a stock solution flow means for circulating a stock solution containing an acid substantially parallel to the membrane surface on one side of the dialysis membrane, and the stock solution on the other side of the dialysis membrane. A water circulating means for circulating water in a direction opposite to the flow direction,
The acid in the stock solution is recovered in water by diffusion dialysis through the dialysis membrane.
【０００６】請求項２記載の発明は、透析膜の一面側に
膜表面に対して略平行に酸を含有した原液を流通させ、
前記透析膜の他面側に前記原液の流れ方向に対向して水
を流通させ、前記原液と前記水との流速比を制御して拡
散透析による原液中の酸の水中への回収率を最適化させ
ることを特徴とする。According to a second aspect of the present invention, a stock solution containing an acid is circulated on one side of the dialysis membrane substantially parallel to the membrane surface,
Water is circulated on the other side of the dialysis membrane so as to face the flow direction of the stock solution, and the flow rate ratio between the stock solution and the water is controlled to optimize the recovery rate of the acid in the stock solution into water by diffusion dialysis. It is characterized by making it.
【０００７】請求項３記載の発明は、透析膜の一面側に
膜表面に対して略平行に酸を含有した原液を流通させ、
前記透析膜の他面側に前記原液の流れ方向に対向して水
を流通させ、拡散透析による原液中の酸の濃度を制御し
て原液中の酸の水中への回収率を最適化させることを特
徴とする。According to the third aspect of the invention, a stock solution containing an acid is circulated on one side of the dialysis membrane substantially parallel to the membrane surface,
Water is circulated on the other side of the dialysis membrane facing the flow direction of the stock solution, and the concentration of the acid in the stock solution by diffusion dialysis is controlled to optimize the recovery rate of the acid in the stock solution into water. Is characterized by.
【０００８】請求項４記載の発明は、酸を含有した原液
がアルカリ性又は中性である場合に前記原液のｐＨを調
製して酸性とし、この酸性の原液を透析膜の一面側に膜
表面に対して略平行に流通させ、前記透析膜の他面側に
前記原液の流れ方向に対向して水を流通させ、前記透析
膜を介した拡散透析によって原液中の酸を水中に回収す
るようにしたことを特徴とする。According to a fourth aspect of the invention, when the stock solution containing an acid is alkaline or neutral, the pH of the stock solution is adjusted to be acidic, and the acidic stock solution is applied to one side of the dialysis membrane on the membrane surface. In order to collect the acid in the stock solution into the water by diffusion dialysis through the dialysis membrane, the water is circulated in substantially parallel to the other surface of the dialysis membrane and the water is circulated to the other side of the dialysis membrane in the direction opposite to the flow direction of the stock solution. It is characterized by having done.
【０００９】請求項５記載の発明は、請求項１記載の拡
散透析装置を用いて拡散透析を行うことを特徴とする。The invention according to claim 5 is characterized in that diffusion dialysis is performed using the diffusion dialysis apparatus according to claim 1.
【００１０】[0010]
【発明の実施の形態】第１の実施形態 以下、本発明による拡散透析装置及び方法の第１の実施
形態について図面を参照して説明する。図１は本実施形
態による拡散透析装置の概略を示しており、図中符号１
は拡散透析槽を示し、この拡散透析槽１の内部は、陰イ
オン交換膜である電解透析膜２によって原液室３と純水
室４とに仕切られている。電解透析膜２は、図２に示し
たように、複数枚（例えば１９枚）の膜が並設されて構
成されている。ここで、電解透析膜２は、各種のイオン
交換膜の中で総括透析係数が小さい膜である。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION First Embodiment A first embodiment of the diffusion dialysis apparatus and method according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows the outline of the diffusion dialysis apparatus according to the present embodiment, and the reference numeral 1 in the figure
Indicates a diffusion dialysis tank, and the inside of the diffusion dialysis tank 1 is divided into a stock solution chamber 3 and a pure water chamber 4 by an electrolytic dialysis membrane 2 which is an anion exchange membrane. As shown in FIG. 2, the electrolytic dialysis membrane 2 is configured by arranging a plurality of (for example, 19) membranes in parallel. Here, the electrolytic dialysis membrane 2 is a membrane having a small overall dialysis coefficient among various ion exchange membranes.
【００１１】原液室３の下部は配管５を介して原液ヘッ
ドタンク６に接続されており、この原液ヘッドタンク６
は配管７を介して原液貯蔵タンク８に接続されている。
この原液貯蔵タンク８の内部には、塩酸（ＨＣｌ）及び
多量のＵＯ 2 2+を含有した原液が貯蔵されている。原液
ヘッドタンク６と原液貯蔵タンク８とを連絡する配管７
の途中には、濾過器９及び原液送水ポンプ１０が介装さ
れている。また、拡散透析室１の原液室３の上部には、
透析処理後の原液を輸送するための配管１１が接続され
ている。The lower part of the stock solution chamber 3 is connected to a stock solution head tank 6 through a pipe 5. The stock solution head tank 6 is connected to the stock solution head tank 6.
Is connected to a stock solution storage tank 8 via a pipe 7.
A stock solution containing hydrochloric acid (HCl) and a large amount of UO 2 2+ is stored in the stock solution storage tank 8. Piping 7 connecting the stock solution head tank 6 and the stock solution storage tank 8
A filter 9 and a stock solution water supply pump 10 are installed in the middle of the process. In addition, in the upper part of the stock solution chamber 3 of the diffusion dialysis chamber 1,
A pipe 11 for connecting the stock solution after the dialysis treatment is connected.
【００１２】一方、拡散透析室１の純水室４の上部は配
管１２を介して純水ヘッドタンク１３に接続されてお
り、この純水ヘッドタンク１３は配管１４を介して純水
を貯えた純水貯蔵タンク１５に接続されている。配管１
４の途中には、純水送水ポンプ１６が介装されている。
また、純水室４の下部は、配管１７を介して回収酸タン
ク１８に接続されている。On the other hand, the upper portion of the pure water chamber 4 of the diffusion dialysis chamber 1 is connected to a pure water head tank 13 via a pipe 12, and the pure water head tank 13 stores pure water via a pipe 14. It is connected to the pure water storage tank 15. Piping 1
In the middle of 4, a pure water pump 16 is installed.
The lower portion of the pure water chamber 4 is connected to the recovered acid tank 18 via a pipe 17.
【００１３】次に、本実施形態の作用について説明す
る。原液貯蔵タンク８内の原液は、原液送水ポンプ１０
によって配管７を介して原液ヘッドタンク６に送られ
る。この際、原液は、配管７の途中に介装された濾過器
９によって濾過される。そして、原液ヘッドタンク６に
送られた原液は、ヘッド圧によって拡散透析槽１の原液
室３の下部に流入する。原液室３の下部に流入した原液
は、原液室３の内部を上方に向かって流れ、原液室３の
上部から配管１１を介して流出する。Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described. The undiluted solution in the undiluted solution storage tank 8 is the undiluted solution feed pump 10
Is sent to the stock solution head tank 6 through the pipe 7. At this time, the undiluted solution is filtered by a filter 9 provided in the middle of the pipe 7. Then, the stock solution sent to the stock solution head tank 6 flows into the lower part of the stock solution chamber 3 of the diffusion dialysis tank 1 by the head pressure. The stock solution that has flowed into the lower part of the stock solution chamber 3 flows upward in the stock solution chamber 3 and flows out from the upper part of the stock solution chamber 3 through the pipe 11.
【００１４】一方、純水貯蔵タンク１５内の純水は、純
水送水ポンプ１６によって配管１４を介して純水ヘッド
タンク１３に送られる。そして、純水ヘッドタンク１３
に送られた純水は、ヘッド圧によって拡散透析槽１の純
水室４の上部に流入する。純水室４の上部に流入した純
水は、純水室４の内部を下方に向かって流れ、純水室４
の下部から配管１７を介して流出し、回収酸タンク１８
に回収される。On the other hand, the pure water in the pure water storage tank 15 is sent to the pure water head tank 13 by the pure water feed pump 16 through the pipe 14. Then, the pure water head tank 13
The pure water sent to the above flows into the upper part of the pure water chamber 4 of the diffusion dialysis tank 1 by the head pressure. The pure water flowing into the upper portion of the pure water chamber 4 flows downward inside the pure water chamber 4,
Flows out from the lower part of the pipe through the pipe 17, and the recovered acid tank 18
Will be collected.
【００１５】このように電解透析膜２の相異なる側に原
液と純水とを向流させると、図２に示したように原液中
のＨＣｌは電解透析膜２を透過して純水室４内の純水に
取り込まれる。一方、原液中のＵＯ 2 2+のほとんどは電
解透析膜２を透過することができず、原液中にとどま
る。ここで、電解透析膜２は他のイオン交換膜に比して
総括透析係数が小さいため、原液中のＵＯ 2 2+が電解透
析膜２を透過する確率（漏洩率）は極めて小さい。When the undiluted solution and the pure water flow countercurrently to the different sides of the electrolytic dialysis membrane 2 as described above, HCl in the undiluted solution permeates the electrolytic dialysis membrane 2 as shown in FIG. It is taken into the pure water inside. On the other hand, most of UO 2 2+ in the stock solution cannot pass through the electrolytic dialysis membrane 2 and remains in the stock solution. Here, since the electrolytic dialysis membrane 2 has a smaller overall dialysis coefficient than other ion exchange membranes, the probability (leakage rate) of UO 2 2+ in the undiluted solution passing through the electrolytic dialysis membrane 2 is extremely small.
【００１６】このように本実施形態によれば、拡散透析
槽１の内部にイオン交換膜として電解透析膜を設けたの
で、原液中のＵＯ 2 2+が電解透析膜２を透過する確率
（漏洩率）は極めて小さくなり、純水中に回収された酸
は極めて純度の高いものとなる。As described above, according to this embodiment, since the electrolytic dialysis membrane is provided as the ion exchange membrane inside the diffusion dialysis tank 1, the probability that UO 2 2+ in the undiluted solution will pass through the electrolytic dialysis membrane 2 (leakage) The ratio) becomes extremely small, and the acid recovered in pure water becomes extremely pure.
【００１７】なお、本実施形態及び後述する第２乃至第
４の実施形態は、いずれも、上述した塩酸を含む原液の
みならず、硝酸、硫酸等の酸を含んだ各種の酸溶液に適
用できるものである。The present embodiment and the second to fourth embodiments to be described later can be applied to not only the above-mentioned stock solution containing hydrochloric acid but also various acid solutions containing acids such as nitric acid and sulfuric acid. It is a thing.
【００１８】第２の実施形態 次に、本発明による拡散透析装置及び方法の第２の実施
形態について説明する。本実施形態は、前記第１の実施
形態による拡散透析装置を用いた拡散透析方法に関する
ものである。Second Embodiment Next, a second embodiment of the diffusion dialysis apparatus and method according to the present invention will be described. The present embodiment relates to a diffusion dialysis method using the diffusion dialysis device according to the first embodiment.
【００１９】本実施形態は、拡散透析槽１の原液室３内
を流れる原液の流速と、純水室４内を流れる純水の流速
との流速比（純水の流速／原液の流速）を制御するもの
である。ここで、純水中への酸の回収率は、図３に示し
たように流速比によって異なるため、この流速比を制御
することによって目的とする酸回収率を達成することが
できる。なお、図３は、原液として希土類分析済排液を
使用し、原液の流速を５ｃｃ／ｍｉｎとした場合の結果
を示している。図３から分かるように、流速比を３以上
とすれば、８０％以上の酸回収率が得られる。また、こ
の場合、回収された酸中のウラン濃度は１／１０００程
度であり、ウランの分離効率は極めて高く、酸と分離さ
れたウラン溶液は沈殿濾過法で再回収しやすくなる。In this embodiment, the flow rate ratio (flow rate of pure water / flow rate of undiluted solution) between the flow rate of the stock solution flowing in the stock solution chamber 3 of the diffusion dialysis tank 1 and the flow rate of pure water flowing in the pure water chamber 4 is calculated. To control. Here, the recovery rate of the acid in the pure water varies depending on the flow rate ratio as shown in FIG. 3, so that the target acid recovery rate can be achieved by controlling the flow rate ratio. Note that FIG. 3 shows the results when a rare earth analyzed waste liquid is used as the stock solution and the flow rate of the stock solution is set to 5 cc / min. As can be seen from FIG. 3, when the flow rate ratio is 3 or more, an acid recovery rate of 80% or more can be obtained. Further, in this case, the uranium concentration in the recovered acid is about 1/1000, the separation efficiency of uranium is extremely high, and the uranium solution separated from the acid is easily recovered again by the precipitation filtration method.
【００２０】第３の実施形態 次に、本発明による拡散透析装置及び方法の第３の実施
形態について説明する。本実施形態は、前記第１の実施
形態による拡散透析装置を用いた拡散透析方法に関する
ものである。 Third Embodiment Next, a third embodiment of the diffusion dialysis apparatus and method according to the present invention will be described. The present embodiment relates to a diffusion dialysis method using the diffusion dialysis device according to the first embodiment.
【００２１】本実施形態は、拡散透析槽１の原液室３内
を流れる原液の酸（塩酸）の濃度を制御するものであ
る。ここで、純水中への酸回収率は、図４に示したよう
に原液中の塩酸濃度によって異なるため、この塩酸濃度
を制御することによって目的とする酸回収率を達成する
ことができる。なお、図４は、流速比を３．６とし、原
液流入量を９００ｃｃとした場合の結果を示している。
図４から分かるように、原液中の塩酸濃度を１０％以上
とすれば、８０％以上の酸回収率が得られる。なお、本
実施形態は、前記第２の実施形態による拡散透析方法と
併用することもできる。In this embodiment, the concentration of acid (hydrochloric acid) in the stock solution flowing in the stock solution chamber 3 of the diffusion dialysis tank 1 is controlled. Here, since the acid recovery rate in pure water varies depending on the hydrochloric acid concentration in the stock solution as shown in FIG. 4, the target acid recovery rate can be achieved by controlling this hydrochloric acid concentration. Note that FIG. 4 shows the results when the flow velocity ratio is 3.6 and the stock solution inflow amount is 900 cc.
As can be seen from FIG. 4, if the concentration of hydrochloric acid in the stock solution is 10% or more, an acid recovery rate of 80% or more can be obtained. The present embodiment can also be used in combination with the diffusion dialysis method according to the second embodiment.
【００２２】第４の実施形態 次に、本発明による拡散透析装置及び方法の第４の実施
形態について説明する。本実施形態は、酸を含有した原
液が酸性ではなく中性又はアルカリ性である場合に適用
されるものである。例えば、原液が多量の水酸化ナトリ
ウム（ＮａＯＨ）を含有したアルカリ性溶液の場合に
は、まず、原液のｐＨを調製して酸性とする。そして、
この酸性の原液に対して、例えば前記第１、第２及び第
３の実施形態による拡散透析装置及び方法を用いて透析
を行う。 Fourth Embodiment Next, a fourth embodiment of the diffusion dialysis apparatus and method according to the present invention will be described. This embodiment is applied when the stock solution containing acid is not acidic but neutral or alkaline. For example, when the stock solution is an alkaline solution containing a large amount of sodium hydroxide (NaOH), first, the pH of the stock solution is adjusted to make it acidic. And
The acidic stock solution is dialyzed using, for example, the diffusion dialysis apparatus and method according to the first, second and third embodiments.
【００２３】このように原液のｐＨを酸性に調製した後
に透析を行えば、原液中の酸を透析膜を介して適切に回
収することができる。When the pH of the stock solution is adjusted to be acidic in this way and then dialyzed, the acid in the stock solution can be appropriately recovered through the dialysis membrane.
【００２４】[0024]
【実施例】第１の実施例 図５は、希土類分析済の実排液からなる原液に対して、
本発明による拡散透析装置及び方法を用いて拡散透析を
行った場合の結果を示している。原液である実排液は、
１１％のＨＣｌ及び１．７％のＵを含有したものであ
る。この原液に対して、原液の流速を４．５ｃｃ／ｍｉ
ｎとし、純水の流速を１８ｃｃ／ｍｉｎとして、すなわ
ち流速比を４として拡散透析を行った。図５において横
軸は原液の処理時間及び原液の流入量を示しており、縦
軸は酸回収側及び透析側における塩素の含有量を示して
いる。[ First Embodiment] FIG. 5 shows a stock solution consisting of an actual waste liquid after analysis of rare earth.
The result when diffusion dialysis is performed using the diffusion dialysis apparatus and method according to the present invention is shown. The actual effluent, which is a stock solution,
It contained 11% HCl and 1.7% U. With respect to this stock solution, the flow rate of the stock solution was 4.5 cc / mi.
and the flow rate of pure water was 18 cc / min, that is, the flow rate ratio was 4, and diffusion dialysis was performed. In FIG. 5, the horizontal axis represents the processing time of the stock solution and the inflow amount of the stock solution, and the vertical axis represents the chlorine content on the acid recovery side and the dialysis side.
【００２５】図５から分かるように、本実施例において
は、非常に安定した状態で原液中の酸の回収が行われ
た。また、回収された酸中のウラン濃度は１／１０００
程度であった。なお、図５に示した分離曲線から、処理
時間に対する酸回収率を計算で求めることができる。As can be seen from FIG. 5, in this example, the acid in the stock solution was recovered in a very stable state. The uranium concentration in the recovered acid is 1/1000.
It was about. The acid recovery rate with respect to the treatment time can be calculated from the separation curve shown in FIG.
【００２６】第２の実施例 次に、前記第１の実施例と同様の原液である１１％のＨ
Ｃｌ及び１．７％のＵを含有した実排液に対して、流速
比を４として拡散透析を行った場合について述べる。Second Embodiment Next, 11% H which is the same stock solution as in the first embodiment.
A case where diffusion dialysis is performed with a flow rate ratio of 4 for an actual waste liquid containing Cl and 1.7% U will be described.
【００２７】この場合、酸回収率は８０％以上であり、
また、回収された酸中のウラン及びナトリウム（Ｎａ）
はそれぞれ３ｐｐｍ及び９ｐｐｍで、ウランの除去率は
１／１０００程度であった。In this case, the acid recovery rate is 80% or more,
In addition, uranium and sodium (Na) in the recovered acid
Was 3 ppm and 9 ppm, respectively, and the removal rate of uranium was about 1/1000.
【００２８】また、酸回収率ηH は、処理時間をｘ
（分）とすると、次式で予想することができる。The acid recovery rate η H is calculated by treating the treatment time by x
(Min) can be predicted by the following formula.
【数１】 [Equation 1]
【００２９】第３の実施例 次に、１１％のＨＣｌを含有した希土類分析済排液に対
して、以下の条件で拡散透析を行った場合について述べ
る。 処理量 ３リットル／日 拡散透析操作条件（膜の有効面積＝０．０１７２ｍ2 ） 原液流速 ５ｃｃ／ｍｉｎ 純水流速 １５ｃｃ／ｍｉｎ 流速比 ３ 処理時間 １０時間 上記条件で拡散透析を行った結果、酸回収率は８７．４
％であり、回収酸の濃度及び量はそれぞれ３．２％（Ｈ
Ｃｌ）及び９リットルであった。 Third Embodiment Next, a case where diffusion dialysis is performed on a rare earth analyzed waste liquid containing 11% HCl under the following conditions will be described. Treatment amount 3 liters / day Diffusion dialysis operating conditions (effective area of membrane = 0.0172 m 2 ) Raw solution flow rate 5 cc / min Pure water flow rate 15 cc / min Flow rate ratio 3 Treatment time 10 hours As a result of diffusion dialysis under the above conditions, acid Recovery rate is 87.4
%, And the concentration and amount of the recovered acid are 3.2% (H
Cl) and 9 liters.
【００３０】[0030]
【発明の効果】以上述べたように本発明によれば、塩
（陽イオン）の透過率（漏洩率）の小さい電解透析膜で
透析膜を形成し、この透析膜の一面側に膜表面に対して
略平行に酸を含有した原液を流し、透析膜の他面側に原
液の流れ方向に対向して水を流し、透析膜を介した拡散
透析によって原液中の酸を水中に回収するようにしたか
ら、原液が多量のウラン等を含む場合においても、高純
度の酸を高回収率で回収することができる。As described above, according to the present invention, a dialysis membrane is formed by an electrolytic dialysis membrane having a small salt (cation) permeability (leakage rate), and the dialysis membrane is formed on one side of the dialysis membrane. In order to collect the acid in the stock solution into the water by diffusion dialysis through the dialysis membrane, flow the stock solution containing the acid in parallel to the other side, flow the water on the other side of the dialysis membrane facing the flow direction of the stock solution. Therefore, even when the stock solution contains a large amount of uranium or the like, a highly pure acid can be recovered at a high recovery rate.
【００３１】また、本発明によれば、原液と水との流速
比を制御して原液中の酸の水中への回収率を最適化させ
るようにしたから、拡散透析による酸の回収を極めて高
い回収率で行うことができる。Further, according to the present invention, the flow rate ratio between the stock solution and water is controlled to optimize the recovery rate of the acid in the stock solution into water, so that the recovery of the acid by diffusion dialysis is extremely high. It can be performed with a recovery rate.
【００３２】また、本発明によれば、原液中の酸の濃度
を制御して原液中の酸の水中への回収率を最適化させる
ようにしたから、拡散透析による酸の回収を極めて高い
回収率で行うことができる。Further, according to the present invention, since the concentration of the acid in the stock solution is controlled to optimize the recovery rate of the acid in the stock solution into water, the recovery of the acid by diffusion dialysis is extremely high. Can be done at a rate.
【００３３】また、本発明によれば、酸を含有した原液
がアルカリ性又は中性である場合に、原液のｐＨを調製
して酸性とした後に拡散透析を行うようにしたから、酸
を含有した原液中に多量の水酸化ナトリウム（ＮａＯ
Ｈ）等が含まれている場合であっても、原液中の酸を適
切に回収することができる。Further, according to the present invention, when the stock solution containing the acid is alkaline or neutral, the pH of the stock solution is adjusted to be acidic and then the diffusion dialysis is carried out. A large amount of sodium hydroxide (NaO
Even when H) or the like is contained, the acid in the stock solution can be appropriately recovered.
【図１】本発明による拡散透析装置の第１の実施形態の
概略を示した系統図。FIG. 1 is a system diagram showing an outline of a first embodiment of a diffusion dialysis apparatus according to the present invention.
【図２】同実施形態の要部の作用を示した説明図。FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing an operation of a main part of the same embodiment.
【図３】流速比に対する酸回収率の一例を示したグラ
フ。FIG. 3 is a graph showing an example of an acid recovery rate with respect to a flow rate ratio.
【図４】原液酸濃度に対する酸回収率の一例を示したグ
ラフ。FIG. 4 is a graph showing an example of the acid recovery rate with respect to the acid concentration of the stock solution.
【図５】本発明による拡散透析装置及び方法による酸回
収結果を示したグラフ。FIG. 5 is a graph showing the results of acid recovery by the diffusion dialysis apparatus and method according to the present invention.
１ 拡散透析槽 ２ 電解透析膜 ３ 原液室 ４ 純水室 ５、７、１１、１２、１４、１７ 配管 ６ 原液ヘッドタンク ８ 原液タンク ９ 濾過器 １０ 原液送水ポンプ １３ 純水ヘッドタンク １５ 純水タンク １６ 純水送水ポンプ １８ 回収酸タンク 1 Diffusion dialysis tank 2 Electrolysis dialysis membrane 3 Undiluted solution chamber 4 Pure water chamber 5, 7, 11, 12, 14, 17 Piping 6 Undiluted solution head tank 8 Undiluted solution tank 9 Filter 10 Undiluted solution water feed pump 13 Pure water head tank 15 Pure water tank 16 Pure water supply pump 18 Recovery acid tank
Claims (5)
析膜の一面側に膜表面に対して略平行に酸を含有した原
液を流通させる原液流通手段と、前記透析膜の他面側に
前記原液の流れ方向に対向して水を流通させる水流通手
段とを備え、前記透析膜を介した拡散透析によって原液
中の酸を水中に回収するようにしたことを特徴とする拡
散透析装置。1. A dialysis membrane formed of an electrolytic dialysis membrane, a stock solution flow means for circulating a stock solution containing an acid on one side of the dialysis membrane substantially parallel to the membrane surface, and the other side of the dialysis membrane. Diffusion dialysis, characterized in that the side is provided with a water circulating means for circulating water so as to face the flow direction of the undiluted solution, and the acid in the undiluted solution is recovered in water by diffusion dialysis through the dialysis membrane. apparatus.
酸を含有した原液を流通させ、前記透析膜の他面側に前
記原液の流れ方向に対向して水を流通させ、前記原液と
前記水との流速比を制御して拡散透析による原液中の酸
の水中への回収率を最適化させることを特徴とする拡散
透析方法。2. A stock solution containing an acid is circulated on one side of the dialysis membrane substantially parallel to the surface of the dialysis membrane, and water is circulated on the other side of the dialysis membrane opposite to the flow direction of the stock solution. A diffusion dialysis method comprising controlling a flow rate ratio between the stock solution and the water to optimize a recovery rate of an acid in the stock solution into water by diffusion dialysis.
酸を含有した原液を流通させ、前記透析膜の他面側に前
記原液の流れ方向に対向して水を流通させ、拡散透析に
よる原液中の酸の濃度を制御して原液中の酸の水中への
回収率を最適化させることを特徴とする拡散透析方法。3. A stock solution containing an acid is circulated on one side of the dialysis membrane substantially parallel to the membrane surface, and water is circulated on the other side of the dialysis membrane opposite to the flow direction of the stock solution. A diffusion dialysis method characterized by controlling the concentration of an acid in a stock solution by diffusion dialysis to optimize the recovery rate of the acid in the stock solution into water.
ある場合に前記原液のｐＨを調製して酸性とし、この酸
性の原液を透析膜の一面側に膜表面に対して略平行に流
通させ、前記透析膜の他面側に前記原液の流れ方向に対
向して水を流通させ、前記透析膜を介した拡散透析によ
って原液中の酸を水中に回収するようにしたことを特徴
とする拡散透析方法。4. When the stock solution containing an acid is alkaline or neutral, the pH of the stock solution is adjusted to be acidic, and the acidic stock solution is circulated on one side of the dialysis membrane substantially parallel to the membrane surface. Then, water is circulated on the other side of the dialysis membrane so as to face the flow direction of the stock solution, and the acid in the stock solution is recovered in water by diffusion dialysis through the dialysis membrane. Diffusion dialysis method.
透析を行うことを特徴とする請求項２乃至４のいずれか
一項に記載の拡散透析方法。5. The diffusion dialysis method according to claim 2, wherein diffusion dialysis is performed by using the diffusion dialysis device according to claim 1.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP23527695A JPH0975681A (en) | 1995-09-13 | 1995-09-13 | Diffusion dialysis apparatus and method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP23527695A JPH0975681A (en) | 1995-09-13 | 1995-09-13 | Diffusion dialysis apparatus and method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0975681A true JPH0975681A (en) | 1997-03-25 |
Family
ID=16983710
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP23527695A Pending JPH0975681A (en) | 1995-09-13 | 1995-09-13 | Diffusion dialysis apparatus and method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0975681A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2664692A2 (en) | 2012-05-15 | 2013-11-20 | Ebara Corporation | Plating apparatus and plating solution management method |
-
1995
- 1995-09-13 JP JP23527695A patent/JPH0975681A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2664692A2 (en) | 2012-05-15 | 2013-11-20 | Ebara Corporation | Plating apparatus and plating solution management method |
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