JPH10120519A - Exterminator for parasitic insect pest of pet animal and exterminating apparatus therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an exterminator for parasitic insect pests of pet animal, more safely usable for humans and animals, having excellently exterminating and repelling power, by using a purified oil of natural plant or its purified oil component as an active ingredient. SOLUTION: This exterminator contains one or more selected from the group of purified oils of clove leaf oil, cinnamon leaf oil, all spice oils, bay oil, star- anise oil, palmarosa oil, thyme white oil, cinnamon oil, etc., as an active ingredient. Otherwise the exterminator may contain one or more selected from the group consisting of eugenol, geraniol, thymol, cinnamaldehyde, citral, santalol, pulegone, etc., as an active ingredient. These active ingredients are added to a powder substrate, a solvent for spray or a sheetlike substrate and used. The active ingredients may be added to a flexible resin material of a collar for pet animals and used.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a novel pesticide that can be used more safely for exterminating or repelling pests that infest pet animals, and a pesticidal device using the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Recently, dogs, cats, rabbits, hamsters,
Breeding small animals such as ferrets as pets has become a boom. However, it has been pointed out that pests such as fleas often parasitize these small animals as pets, and that the parasites may harm the health of humans who keep the pet animals.

Hitherto, many pesticides and pesticides for pet animals have been developed. As the conventional pesticides, various pesticides, mainly pyrethroid-based pesticides, have often been used.

[0004]

However, when a pyrethroid insecticide, for example, permethrin, is applied as an insecticide for pests infesting pet animals, the parasites can be effectively eliminated, but the parasites themselves cannot be effectively eliminated. Since it is harmful to humans and pet animals in general, its safety could not be sufficiently ensured for its use. For this reason, there has been a demand for the development of safer and more effective control agents for controlling parasitic pests.

Accordingly, the present invention provides a pesticide which can be used more safely for humans and pet animals, and which exhibits an equivalent or more effective control or repellent effect against parasitic pests of pet animals, and a method for controlling the same. An object of the present invention is to provide a disinfestation device utilizing the method.

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention relates to the following composition of a parasiticide for pet animals. That is, clove leaf oil, cinnamon leaf oil, allspice oil, bay oil, star anise oil, anise oil, palmarosa oil, thyme white oil, calyx oil, lemongrass oil, sandalwood oil, penny royal oil, patchouli oil, It is characterized by comprising one or more selected from the group of natural plant essential oils of garlic oil, columus oil, hiba oil, cedarwood oil and spearmint oil.

[0007] These essential oils are all obtained by extracting from natural plants by a known method, and have been conventionally used mainly as flavors or as flavors of foods.

[0008] The main components of these essential oils are as follows. In other words, clove leaf oil, cinnamon leaf oil, allspice oil and bay oil are eugenol, star anise oil and anise oil are anethole, palmarosa oil is geraniol, thyme white oil is thymol, Cahi oil is cinnam aldecht and lemongrass oil. Is citral, sandalwood oil is Santaloth, penny royal oil is pulegong, patchouli oil is patchouli alcohol, garlic oil is allyl disulfide, columnum oil is asarone, hiba oil is tsuyeon, cedarwood oil is cedrene, and spearmint oil is l-carvone. Each is a main component. Therefore, the parasitic insecticide for pet animals according to the present invention includes those composed of one or more of these essential oil components.

The pesticides of the present invention also include those constituted as a powder (powder) containing the above-mentioned natural plant essential oil or the essential oil component thereof in a powder base such as precipitated calcium carbonate.

The amount of the natural plant essential oil or essential oil component in this powder varies depending on the type thereof. However, in order to obtain an effective extermination or repellent effect, the amount of the powder must be at least 0.5% by weight. Preferably, there is. In addition, less is required than in the case of the essential oil component. Further, the maximum value of the amount of the natural plant essential oil or the like is required to be 2 in order to maintain the powder property of the powder and obtain an economical composition.
It is preferable that the content be 0.0% by weight or less. Therefore, in order to exhibit a stable extermination or repellent effect without hindrance, the amount is more preferably 1.0 to 5.0% by weight.

Further, a stabilizer such as sorbitan fatty acid, a fragrance and the like can be added to the powder as required. In addition, this powder can be sprayed under a tatami mat or a jutan in a house of a pet animal, in a room, or directly on a pet animal body.

In addition, the parasitic pest control agent for pet animals of the present invention is obtained by dissolving the above-mentioned natural plant essential oil or its essential oil component in a solvent such as isopropyl alcohol to form a spray, or coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamine. And a composition such as a shampoo prepared by incorporating an aqueous solution of a cleaning component such as a shampoo.

In order to effectively and stably exert the control or repellent effect against parasitic pests caused by the above-mentioned natural plant essential oil or its essential oil component in the composition such as spray or shampoo, the composition is required
It is preferable that the blending amount is in the range of from 5.0% by weight to 5.0% by weight.
In addition, these compositions may optionally contain a humectant such as polyethylene glycol, a humectant such as glycerin, a pH adjuster such as phosphoric acid, and a preservative such as paraoxybenzoic acid.

[0014] These sprays and shampoos, after being sprayed on a pet animal, are effectively brushed over the entire body surface to effectively remove parasitic pests by natural plant essential oils or essential oil components. Can be made.

[0015] The present invention also includes the above-mentioned natural plant essential oil and its essential oil component configured as a control device as follows. In the first extermination apparatus of the present invention, a collar to be worn on a pet animal is formed of a flexible resin material, and the natural plant essential oil or the essential oil component thereof is contained in a material for forming the collar.

For the inclusion of the natural vegetable essential oil or the like in the forming material of the collar, the formed collar is immersed in the natural plant essential oil or the like, or the natural vegetable essential oil or the like is previously contained in the resin material of the forming material. It can be kneaded and then formed into a collar. According to the kneading method, a relatively large amount of natural plant essential oil and the like can be evenly contained in the forming material of the collar. Therefore, the effects such as extermination can be promptly exhibited.

The flexible resin material as a material for forming the collar can hold natural plant essential oils such as polyvinyl chloride resin and the like, and can volatilize the essential oils gradually after the formation. It can depend on things.

The amount of the natural plant essential oil and the like in the forming material of the collar can effectively eliminate or repel parasitic pests in the mounted state, and the essential oil does not flow out onto the forming material surface of the collar economically. 20% by weight to 3% for use
Preferably, the proportion is 0% by weight.

Further, a plasticizer such as DDP, a stabilizer such as stearate, an antioxidant such as bisphenol A, and the like can be appropriately blended with the raw material for forming the collar. When this collar is worn on a pet animal, the natural plant essential oils and the like contained therein are sequentially exposed on the surface of the forming material of the collar and gradually volatilize, and the volatile gas exerts an extermination or repellent effect. Will be done.

The second extermination device of the present invention comprises the above-mentioned natural vegetable essential oil or its essential oil component in a paper material such as kraft paper or a sheet-like base material such as a nonwoven fabric or a fabric. . This apparatus can be obtained by a method of immersing a natural vegetable essential oil or the like in a sheet substrate or a method of dropping a natural vegetable essential oil or the like into a sheet-like substrate.

As for the base sheet material, Saran coated polypropylene, KOP (Saran),
It is preferable that a gas barrier sheet material such as an aluminum foil is laminated in that the essential oil contained therein is prevented from adhering to other substances and the volatilized surface is made to be oblique. Further, in order to prevent the contained essential oil from adhering to other substances and appropriately control the amount of volatilization, it is preferable that a breathable film such as polyethylene or polypropylene is also laminated on the surface side.

In this apparatus, the content of natural plant essential oil and the like effectively exerts the effect of controlling or repelling parasitic pests, and the sheet liquid is prevented from flowing out onto the sheet material surface. 0.5 to 20 g for the surface
/ M ² . In addition, this apparatus can be used by laying it under a pet animal's house, under a house, or under a tatami mat.

[0023]

【Example】

(Example 1) According to the following tests, natural vegetable essential oils shown in the following Table 1, namely, clove leaf oil, cinnamon leaf oil,
Allspice oil, Bay oil, Star anise oil, Anise oil, Palmarosa oil, Thyme white oil, Caye oil, Lemongrass oil, Sardarwood oil, Penny Royal oil,
For each essential oil of patchouli oil, garlic oil, columus oil, hiba oil, cedarwood oil, and spearmint oil, it was confirmed whether or not there is effectiveness in controlling cat flea adults, which are parasitic pests of cats.

[Table 1]

In this test, adult cat fleas (concrete breeding insects of our company, one day old after emergence) were targeted, and the control effect was confirmed by determining the mortality by the forced contact method.

That is, filter paper (9 cmφ, Toyo Filter Paper No. 1) was spread over a petri dish (9 cmφ, height 6 cm), and each essential oil described in Table 1 was 0.25 g / m ² in this filter paper.
It was added dropwise impregnated with quantitative proportions of 0.5 g / m ² and 1.0 g / m ^2, which was naturally dried for 10 minutes. Next, 15 cat fleas described above were released as test insects on the surface of the filter paper impregnated with the essential oil. This was transferred to a constant temperature room at room temperature of 27 ° C. and a relative humidity of 60% RH. Thereafter, the number of dead insects after 1, 6, and 24 hours was counted, and the mortality was calculated by the following equation.

(Equation 1) In addition, the mortality rate shown in Table 1 showed the average value by repeating a test three times about one density | concentration.

According to the results shown in Table 1, although there is a difference in the slowing rate of the control effect against cat fleas depending on the impregnation amount of the essential oil, it is confirmed that each of the listed essential oils exerts an effective control effect. You.

Table 1 also shows the average values of the mortality obtained by performing the same test as described above for natural pyrethrin and phenothrin as conventional pesticides.

Particularly, the content shown in Table 1 is 1.0 g / m ^2.
It can be confirmed from the results in the case that the essential oils listed above all exhibit an efficacy equal to or higher than that of the conventional pesticides.

Table 2 shows the acute dermal toxicity to rabbits and the skin irritation to humans for each of the essential oils listed in Table 1.

[Table 2]

Acute skin toxicity is completely safe when the LD ₅₀ value of rabbits is 4.0 g / kg or more.
0 ~ 4.0g / kg, safe, ○, 1.2 ~ 2.0g
/ Kg, a little dangerous, △, 1.2g / kg or less,
It was marked as x because it was extremely dangerous.

Regarding skin irritation, when applied on the skin surface, no perceptible irritation occurs ◎, when it is not unpleasant but soft warm irritation occurs ○, there is no painful but burning irritation When it was caused to wake, and when it caused a burning stimulus accompanied by pain, it was evaluated as x. From the results shown in Table 2, it can be seen that, in comparison with the conventional pesticides, each of the listed essential oils has higher safety.

Test Example 2 By the following test, the essential oil components of natural plant essential oils shown in Table 3 below, ie, clove leaf oil,
Eugenol, a component of cinnamon leaf oil and allspice oil, anethole, a component of star anise oil and anise oil, geraniol, a component of paromarosa oil, thymol, a component of thyme white oil, and shin, a component of cahi oil Namardecht, citral, a component of lemongrass oil, and Santaloth, a component of sandalwood oil, were checked for their effectiveness in controlling cat flea adults.

[Table 3]

The test method was as follows. For the adult cat flea same as in Test Example 1, the mortality was indicated by the same forced contact method as described above.

From the results shown in Table 3, it can be seen that each of the essential oil components has an effective control effect against cat fleas as well as the crude oil.

Test Example 3 A flexible resin collar was molded from the components shown in Table 4 below.

[Table 4] That is, DDP, sodium stearate, an antioxidant, and a coloring agent are mixed and kneaded with a polyvinyl chloride resin raw material, and a star anise oil is added to the kneaded material and kneaded. 1.0 cm, thickness 0.3 cm).

FIG. 1 shows a collar 1 comprising the collar body 2.
Is shown in the form when mounted. The collar 1 has a buckle portion 4 separately formed of a hard resin material at one extreme end of a main body 2.
Is fixed, and at the time of attachment, the other end 3 of the main body 2 is operated to be inserted and locked in the insertion hole on the buckle portion. The essential oil a is uniformly contained and held in the collar body 2. Therefore, the action of the essential oil a is exerted at a position close to the periphery of the neck of the target animal.

The lethal effect of this collar by the forced contact method was confirmed. That is, 15 cat flea adults (1 day old after emergence) were placed on the collar surface, fixed with tape, and kept at room temperature 27 ° C. and relative humidity 60% RH for 10 minutes at room temperature.
The mortality at 0, 30, 60, 120 and 180 minutes was determined by the above equation, and the average of the three times was shown in Table 5 below.

[Table 5]

Table 5 shows comparative examples in which permethrin was kneaded into the forming raw materials at a blending amount of 26% by weight in the same manner as described above to form a collar, and those formed as collars containing no drug. The blanks were used, and the mortality was determined by the forced contact method in the same manner, and the mortality was shown as an average value of three times.

From the results shown in Table 5, it can be seen that the essential oil-containing collar of the present invention exerts an extermination effect equal to or higher than that of the pyrethroid drug, especially in the forced contact state in comparison with the mortality value after 180 minutes. It turns out that it is done.

(Test Example 4) The essential oil-containing collar obtained in (Test Example 3) was cut into a cut piece having a length of 10 cm, and this cut piece was cut into a petri dish (9 cmφ, 6 cm height) with a filter paper spread on the inner bottom. )
Placed within. Next, 15 cat flea adults (1 day old after emergence) were released into the Petri dish and the lid was closed.
It was placed in a constant temperature room at a relative humidity of 60% RH, and the mortality after 1 hour, 2 hours, and 3 hours was obtained.

[Table 6]

The pyrethroid-containing collars and the blank collars as comparative examples were treated in the same manner as described above, and the mortality was calculated and shown in Table 6.

From the results shown in Table 6, it was found that an extremely high knockdown effect was obtained as in the case of Test Example 4.
It can also be seen that as the volatilization amount of the contained essential oil increases, the knockdown effect can be obtained more quickly.

(Test Example 5) The effect of controlling the parasitic pests when the essential oil-containing collar obtained in Test Example 3 was actually attached to a cat and used was confirmed as follows.

First, 30 cat flea adults (1 day old after emergence) were infested with a target cat in advance and allowed to stand for 24 hours. Then, the cat was fitted with a collar containing essential oil as a sample, and after 3 days, 7 days, 14 days, 21 days, and 28 days after the wearing, parasitic fleas were collected by a flea picker and the number of surviving parasites was confirmed. . Repeat this operation for both male and female
The surviving number of parasites was determined for each animal,
o.1 to 4.

[Table 7]

In addition, the effectiveness of each of the surviving parasites corresponding to the number of days elapsed was determined according to the following criteria. That is, when the number of parasites is 0 to 3, the effect is remarkable and a, 4 to
B was effective when 9 animals were present, C was slightly effective when 10 to 19 animals were present, and d was invalid when 20 or more animals were present.

By the same operation as described above, the collar containing the pyrethroid drug in Test Example 3 was subjected to the subject No. in column B.
No. 7 for blank collars 5 and 6, and blank collar C
And 8 respectively. The effectiveness of each sample in columns A and B was determined based on the results after 28 days.

The control rate of each sample was determined by the following equation using the number of surviving parasites corresponding to each elapsed day by the blank collar as a control.

(Equation 2)

From the results shown in Table 8, it can be seen that even in practical use, the essential oil-containing collar of the present invention can provide a higher extermination effect than the conventional pyrethroid-containing drug-containing collar. .

Example 2 The repellent effect against parasitic pests when the essential oil-containing collar obtained in Test Example 3 was actually attached to a cat and used was confirmed as follows.

That is, a carpet is laid on a floor surface having a size of 180 cm × 90 cm, and a test room in which water, food, and sand are arranged near a corner of the carpet is provided.
A cat equipped with a collar containing essential oil in advance was released, and 30 cat fleas (1 day old after emergence) were released in the center of the carpet surface. The cat was provided with a collar for preventing grooming, and the test was performed under the conditions of a room temperature of 23 ° C. and a humidity of 55% RH.

The number of flea parasites on the cat was determined by sampling with a flea picker at 3 hours, 1 week, 2 weeks and 3 weeks immediately after the start of the test. 8 is shown.

[Table 8]

The above operation was performed for three cats (A-
Tests 1) to (A-3) were carried out, and the cats equipped with the blank collars in Test Example 3 were operated in the same manner as described above to determine the number of fleas and the results were shown in Table 8 as a control.

Table 8 shows the repellent rate for each of the above-mentioned specimens according to the following formula, and calculates the average value of the repellent rate at each time point.

(Equation 3)

From the average repellency values shown in Table 8, it can be seen that effective repellent effects against parasitic pests are exhibited for a long time after the collar of the present invention is worn. Therefore, it is confirmed that it is suitable for prophylactic use.

(Example 3) Kraft paper (weight per unit area: 50 g /
m ² ) and a two-layer laminate of a gas barrier Saran-coated polypropylene film (30 μm thick)
Star anise oil was added dropwise to the above kraft paper in an amount of ² g / m ² . Next, a polyethylene film (thickness: 20 μm) was further laminated on the kraft paper surface of the two-layer laminated material to obtain a sheet-shaped exterminating material.

FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional form of the sheet-like exterminating material 5 thus obtained. In this drawing, reference numeral 7 denotes kraft paper, 8 denotes a gas barrier material, and a two-layer laminate 6 is formed by these. The essential oil a is Kraft paper 7
Contained and retained in. Reference numeral 9 denotes a cover material made of a polyethylene film laminated on the kraft paper 7.

It was confirmed that when this sheet-like exterminating material was used by spreading it on the floor of a house of 5 cats, the same extermination or repellent effect against parasitic pests as in Examples 1 and 2 was exhibited. did.

Example 4 The components shown in the following Table 9 were simply mixed at room temperature to obtain a powdery pesticide.

[Table 9]

When 2 g of this powdery agent was sprayed on the body surface of a cat (male, 3.8 kg), and further brushing operation was performed, it was confirmed that the same parasitic pest control effect as in Example 1 was effectively exhibited. It was confirmed.

When this powdery agent was sprayed at a rate of 1 g / m ² on the floor below the cushioning material in the cat house, the same repellent effect against parasitic pests as in Example 2 was effectively exhibited. I confirmed that.

Example 5 The components shown in the following Table 10 were simply mixed at room temperature to obtain a liquid pesticide.

[Table 10] This liquid agent was filled in a spray container as a spray agent.

About 8 ml of this spray was sprayed on the body surface of a cat (female, 31 kg) and further subjected to a brushing operation. As a result, it was confirmed that the same parasitic pest-control effect as in Example 1 was effectively exerted. .

When this spray was sprayed on the floor of the cat house at a rate of about 40 ml / m ² , it was confirmed that the same repellent effect against parasitic pests as in Example 2 was effectively exhibited. .

Example 6 A liquid shampoo was obtained by simply mixing the components shown in Table 11 below at room temperature.

[Table 11]

This shampoo was applied to a cat (female, weighing 29 k
4 g was added to the body surface of g), and the body was washed with a brush and then rinsed with water. As a result, no presence of any parasitic pest was recognized in this cat.

[0066]

Since the present invention is configured as described above, the following effects are exhibited. ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to the parasitic insecticide for pet animals of the present invention, since natural plant essential oil or its essential oil component is used as an active ingredient, it is safe for the human body and pet animals, and effective control or repellent against parasitic pests. Is obtained.

In addition, the natural plant essential oils and essential oil components thereof specified in the present invention have been conventionally used as fragrances and flavors, and are expected to have a deodorizing effect of a peculiar odor accompanying pet animals by their aroma. You.

The pesticide of the present invention can be formulated in various forms such as a powder, a spray, a shampoo and the like, and its application range is wide.

The natural plant essential oil of the present invention and its essential oil component can be constituted as a device such as a sheet material or a collar, and can be used more effectively.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a collar according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial longitudinal sectional view of the sheet-like exterminating material.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Collar 5 Sheet-like disinfectant 7 Kraft paper a Essential oil

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code FI A01N 25/34 A01N 25/34 A

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. Clove leaf oil, cinnamon leaf oil,
Allspice oil, Bay oil, Star anise oil, Anise oil, Palmarosa oil, Thyme white oil, Caye oil, Lemongrass oil, Sandalwood oil, Penny Royal oil,
A parasiticide for pet animals, which comprises one or more selected from the group of natural plant essential oils of patchouli oil, garlic oil, columus oil, hiba oil, cedarwood oil and spearmint oil. 2. An onogenol, anethole, geraniol, thymol, cinnamaldehyde, citral, santarose, pulegone, patchouli alcohol, allyl disulfide, asarone, thuyon, caraway and any one of the components of the natural plant essential oil of claim 1. A parasiticide for a pet animal, which comprises one or more members selected from the group of carvone. 3. A parasiticidal agent for pet animals, wherein the selected natural plant essential oil or the essential oil component thereof according to claim 1 or 2 is contained in a powdery base material. 4. A parasiticidal agent for pet animals, wherein the selected natural plant essential oil or the essential oil component thereof according to claim 1 or 2 is mixed in a solvent for spraying. 5. An apparatus for controlling parasitic pests of pet animals, wherein the selected natural plant essential oil or the essential oil component thereof according to claim 1 or 2 is contained in a sheet-like substrate. 6. A pet animal, characterized in that the selected natural plant essential oil or the extracted component thereof according to claim 1 or 2 is contained in a flexible resin material formed as a collar for the pet animal. Parasitic pest control equipment.