JPH10139169A - Container terminal - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Problem] To improve the efficiency of container handling at container terminals and reduce costs. SOLUTION: A container three-dimensional storage device and a container stacked storage device are provided in parallel, a bogie traveling rail is provided along a side surface on the sea side thereof, and the bogie is circulated and run on the rail, so that the container boasts a container ship. Transfers containers unloaded by container cranes.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a container terminal installed in a harbor, and more particularly to a container terminal provided with a three-dimensional container storage device for import containers and a stacked container storage device for export containers.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 15 is a side view of a conventional cargo handling facility of a container terminal. The containers 13 loaded on the container ship 7 are unloaded by the quay container crane 8, placed on the container conveyor 11, and sent to the land side. At the end on the land side, the container 13 is lifted by the bridge-type crane 9 for yard, and is loaded on the chassis (trailer) 14 or is loaded on the container yard 10. In addition, 12 is a quay.

The containers 13 stacked by the yard bridge crane 9 are sequentially transported outside from the container terminal. At this time, there is no problem if the containers 13 stacked on the upper side are sequentially transported, but if the containers 13 stacked on the lower side are to be shipped first, remove the container on the upper side. Therefore, it has to be shipped, which takes time and troubles the smoothness of the cargo handling work.
In order to solve such a problem, it has been studied to arrange storage shelves in which storage cells for storing containers one by one are formed in multiple stages so that the container 13 can be taken out from any storage cell when shipping. The present applicant has filed a patent application (Japanese Patent Application No. 8-240808 (not disclosed)) for a container terminal having such a three-dimensional storage device.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of the container terminal disclosed in the above application, and FIG. 4 is a side view of the same. In these figures, the same parts as those in FIG. 15 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description will be omitted. Also,
In the following description, traveling refers to movement parallel to the quay 12, and traversing refers to movement perpendicular to the quay 12. In these figures, reference numeral 6 denotes a container three-dimensional storage building (hereinafter referred to as a “storage building”). The container storage shelves 2 (hereinafter, referred to as “storage shelves”) are arranged in multiple rows and columns in the storage building 6 in the vertical and horizontal directions. Reference numeral 15 denotes a crane transverse rail provided on the roof 6a of the storage building 6, which is provided at right angles to the quay 12, and both end portions 15a, 15a project from the storage building 6. 3 is a stack crane.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view of the stack crane 3. The stack crane 3 has a trolley 3c that traverses on a crane traverse rail 15 provided on the roof above the container storage shelves 2. The traveling wheel 3g is provided at four corners of the trolley 3c, and the traveling wheel 3g is driven by a driving motor 3f. 3d is a guide post and trolley 3c
It is provided hanging from. An elevating frame 3e is adapted to move up and down along the guide post 3d.

FIG. 12 is a side view showing the vicinity of a portion D in FIG. As shown in the figure, the lifting frame 3e is composed of an upper triangular member 3h and a lower lower groove-shaped member 3i. The upper member 3h has a total of 4 on the front side and the back side.
A pair of rollers 3k is provided, and between the rollers 3k,
By sandwiching the vertical rail provided on the guide post 3d, it moves up and down while maintaining its posture. A pulley 3m is further attached to the upper member 3h, and a hoisting drum 3p (FIG. 1) provided on the trolley 3c via a wire 3n.
It moves up and down by 1). Lower member 3i
A pair of spreader running rails 3j are provided below the rails 3b.
6 runs.

FIG. 13 is an enlarged perspective view of a portion D in FIG. 11 and 13, reference numeral 16 denotes a spreader. The spreader 16 has running wheels 16a on the front and back. The running wheels 16a are driven by a drive motor 16b via a gear box 16c. 16d is a twist lock mechanism, which is provided at the four corners of the spreader 16, inserts the T-shaped tip into the long holes 17 provided at the four upper corners of the container 13, rotates it by approximately 90 °, The container 13 is gripped.

Next, the container storage shelf 2 will be described.
As shown in FIG. 11, the container storage shelf 2 has a large number of pillars 2c.
And the beams 2d are combined to form a large number of container storage cells 2h. The container storage shelves 2 are, as shown in FIG.
And are provided in multiple stages in the height direction as shown in FIG. The depth of the container storage cell 2h matches the longitudinal direction of the container 13, and one container 13 can be stored in each container storage cell 2h.

FIG. 11 shows a case where the trolley 4 travels in the storage building. A plurality of container storage cells 2h are removed, and a passage 2i of the trolley 4 is formed in a tunnel shape. Reference numeral 5 denotes a rail of the carriage 4.

FIG. 14 is an enlarged perspective view of a portion C in FIG.
As shown in the figure, a spreader traveling rail 2g is provided above the container storage cell 2h. That is, a bracket 2e is provided to protrude from a column 2c of the container storage shelf 2, a channel steel 2f is mounted on front and rear brackets 2e, and a square bar-shaped spreader traveling rail 2g is fixed thereon.

In FIG. 3, reference numeral 20 denotes a trolley, which is a storage building 6;
The container 13 travels on the bogie traveling rail 21 along the seaside side surface 6b, and transfers the container 13 unloaded to and from the container ship 7 by the container crane 8. Truck traveling rail 21
Are two-lane sea-side rails 21a, 21a provided on the sea side apart from the storage building 6, a two-lane building-side rail 21b provided between the sea-side rail 21a and the storage building 6,
21b, and a route changing rail 21c which is provided orthogonal to both rails 21a and 21b and on which the carriage 20 traverses. Container 13 of trolley 20 and container crane 8
The transfer of the container 13 between the truck 20 and the stack crane 3 is performed on the building-side rail 21b. The rails 21c for changing the route are provided at both ends of the sea-side rail 21a and the building-side rail 21b, and are provided at two places in the middle. The cart traveling rail 21 is provided on a shelf 6d projecting from the storage building 6 as shown in FIG.

The cart 20 can be operated unattended and will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 5 is a plan view showing wheels of the bogie 20, FIG. 6 is a view taken along the line AA of FIG. 5, and FIG.
FIG.

As shown in FIG. 1, the carriage 20 has four traveling wheels 20a and four traversing wheels 20b. One of the traveling wheels 20a is driven by a motor. That is, the traveling wheels 20a are attached to both ends of an axle 20c supported by a bearing 20f, and the axle 20c is driven by a motor 20e via a speed reducer 20d. The traversing wheel 20b is supported by two bearings 20f supported by a lifting jack 20p, and can be raised and lowered. 20g is traversing wheel 2
0b is a long shaft for driving, and the reduction gear 2 is driven by a motor 20i.
0 m. A chain sprocket 20j is provided at both ends of the long shaft 20g, and is connected to a chain sprocket 20n provided coaxially with the traversing wheel 20b via a chain 20k. In these figures, reference numeral 24 denotes a square bar-shaped rail, and reference numeral 25 denotes a stopper.

As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, reference numeral 26 denotes a land-side truck, which runs on a truck traveling rail 27 along the side surface 6c of the storage building 6 on the land side. Land side 6c of storage building 6
A rail 28 is provided to project from
8, the overhead crane 29 runs across. Overhead crane 29
Has a spreader as a gripper, and transports the container 13 between the land vehicle 26 and the chassis 14. Land side trolley 2
The carriage traveling rail 27 is a land side rail 27a provided apart from the storage building 6, a building side rail 27b provided between the land side rail 27a and the storage building 6, and orthogonal to both rails 27a, 27b. It is provided with a rail 27c for changing the route on which the land-side cart 26 is provided. Land side cart 26
The container 13 is exchanged between the vehicle and the stack crane 3 on the building-side rail 27b, and the container 13 is exchanged between the land bogie 26 and the overhead crane 29 on the land-side rail 27a. The overhead crane 29 loads the container 13 from the land cart 26 to the chassis 14. Note that the land-side truck 26 has the same structure as the truck 20, and a description thereof will be omitted.

As shown in FIG. 3 or 4, reference numeral 40 denotes a traverser. The traverser 40 is provided for each crane traverse rail 1
5, along the container storage shelf 2, the traverser traversing rails 4 provided in the first (ground) and fourth tiers
The container 13 transferred to and from the stack crane 3 is placed on the top 1 and traversed.

FIG. 8 is a plan view of the traverser 40, FIG. 9 is a side view, and FIG. 10 is an enlarged side view of the traverser driving device. As shown in the figure, the traverser 40 has a frame 40a in which square members are assembled in a rectangular shape, and has wheels 40d at four corners of the frame 40a. Of the four wheels, two wheels 40d on both sides in the longitudinal direction are driven by the traverser driving device 42. The traverser driving device 42 is a motor 40
b and a speed reducer 40c, and an output shaft of the speed reducer 40c is connected to wheels 40d.

Reference numeral 41 denotes a traverser traversing rail, which is attached to the beam 2d of the container storage shelf 2. Reference numerals 40e denote container guides provided at the four corners of the frame 40a, which guide the alignment when the container 13 is placed on the traverser 40.

[0018]

In the container terminal described above, handling of the container is smooth, and
Although highly efficient, the storage building 6 and the stack crane 3 for storing the containers 13 in three dimensions are expensive. Although the three-dimensional storage of the import container 13 is extremely advantageous for the subsequent handling, the export container 13 is often not necessarily three-dimensionally stored and may be stacked. That is, for the export container 13, 1)
By container size (20 ft or 40 ft, etc.) 2)
Lots are sorted by baggage type (general baggage or frozen baggage, etc.), 3) container container to be loaded, 4) destination port, 5) weight (heavy, medium, light, etc.) and lot management. ,
By stacking piles by lot, container ship 7
It is unlikely that the export container 13 loaded below must be shipped first.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art. The storage location of the container 13 is divided into an area for import and an area for export, the former is handled by a three-dimensional storage device, and the latter is handled by a three-dimensional storage device. An object of the present invention is to provide a container terminal in which the overall cost is reduced by handling with a stacking device.

[0020]

In order to achieve the above object, a container terminal according to the present invention is a container terminal in which a container three-dimensional storage device and a container stacking storage device are provided in parallel along a quay. The storage facility is a container three-dimensional storage building in which container storage shelves are arranged in multiple stages and rows in up, down, left and right, and a crane provided on the roof of the storage building at right angles to the quay and both ends projecting from the storage building. A stack crane that traverses on the traverse rail and puts containers into and out of the container storage shelves, and a container below and above the crane traverse rail, which exchanges a traverser traverse rail provided along the container storage shelf with the stack crane. And a traverser that traverses the container and the container stack storage device is located above the container stack storage device area. And Frames, which is provided to, in the cross-構上,
An overhead crane that is provided at right angles to the quay and that traverses a crane traversing rail with both ends projecting from the frame to stack and unload containers, and a crane traversing rail below the crane traversing rail. And a traverser that traverses a traverser traversing rail provided along with a container that has been exchanged with an overhead crane, and that traverses the container three-dimensional storage building and the container stacking storage device. A trolley is provided which runs on a trolley running rail provided along the sea side and transfers containers unloaded by a container crane with a container ship. In the above configuration, the term “traversing” refers to a movement in a direction perpendicular to the quay, and the term “traveling” refers to a movement parallel to the quay.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bogie traveling rail is provided on the sea side apart from the storage building and the frame, and between the sea rail and the storage building and the frame. It consists of a rail on the building side and a rail for changing the route, which is provided perpendicular to both rails and on which the bogie traverses. Transfer of containers between the bogie and the container crane is performed on the sea side rail, and the bogie and the stack crane or ceiling The transfer of the container to and from the crane is performed on the building-side rail, and the bogie has traveling wheels and traversing wheels, and can travel and traverse.

The above-mentioned sea-side rail and the building-side rail are provided with one or two or more lanes, and the rails for changing the route are preferably provided at both ends of the sea-side and building-side rails and at the middle part.

It is preferable that the bogie traveling rail is an elevated type.

Next, the operation of the present invention will be described. When storing imported containers from a container ship in storage shelves of a container storage device, the trucks are circulated on a truck traveling rail consisting of a sea side rail, a building side rail, and a rail for changing a route, and the truck is placed on a sea side rail. A container is exchanged between the truck and the container crane, and a container is exchanged between the bogie and the sea-side stack crane on the building-side rail. The seaside crane stays near the seaside side of the storage building and places the containers received from the trolley on the traverser. The traverser traverses overland and hands over the container to a landside stack crane. The land-side stack crane stores the containers received from the traversers in storage shelves.

When an import container is shipped from the container three-dimensional storage apparatus by the chassis, the sea-side stack crane places the container taken out of the storage shelf on the traverser. The traverser travels to the land side, where it hands off the container to the land side stack crane that is waiting. A landside crane may load containers received from the traverser directly into the chassis. Also, on the side of the land side, there is a bogie traveling rail similar to that described above, and a land-side bogie is circulated on it, and an overhead crane is installed that traverses the rail protruding from the side of the storage building. Containers are exchanged between the stack crane and the trolley on the rail, and containers are exchanged between the trolley and the overhead crane on the land-side rail. The overhead crane loads the container received from the trolley into the chassis.

When the export container is stored from the chassis in the container stacking storage device, the land-side overhead crane stands by at the crane traverse rail land-side overhang, and the sea-side overhead crane attempts to stack containers. Waiting in position. The container is lifted from the chassis by a land-side overhead crane, and the container is placed on a traverser that has moved under the overhead crane. The traverser traverses to the sea and reaches below the seaside overhead crane. The container on the traverser is lifted by the seaside overhead crane, and after the traverser moves, it is suspended and stacked. Export containers are sorted by container size, baggage type, container ship, destination port, and weight, and stacked for each sorted lot.

When shipping a container from a container stacking device for loading on a container ship, a land-side overhead crane waits on a stacking lot to be unloaded, and a sea-side overhead crane operates on a frame sea. Waiting on the side overhang. Lift the stacked containers with a landside overhead crane. The container is placed on a traverser that has moved under the overhead crane on the land side, and the traverser traverses to the sea side and reaches under the overhead crane on the sea side. A container is lifted from a traverser by a seaside overhead crane,
After the traverser moves, it is suspended and the container is placed on the truck on the building side rail. The trolley circulates and moves on the rails on the sea side, and the container on the trolley is lifted by the container crane and loaded on the container ship.

As described above, the container three-dimensional storage device that can be arbitrarily taken out for the import container and the inexpensive container stacking storage device for the export container are used, and these are arranged in parallel. There is an effect that the cost of the entire container terminal can be reduced without impairing smoothness and high efficiency. Further, since the lateral movement of the container in the storage device is almost performed by the traverser, the speed and efficiency of the container handling can be improved.

[0029]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a plan view of the container terminal of the present invention. 2A is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 1, and FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. In these figures, the same parts as those already described as the related art are denoted by the same reference numerals, and duplicate description will be omitted. In these figures, 50 is a container three-dimensional storage device that mainly handles imported containers,
Numeral 0 is a container storage device mainly handling export containers. As shown in FIG.
Six rows of ft storage shelves 2 and two rows of 20 ft storage shelves 2 are provided. The crane traverse rails 15 are provided with three rows for 40 ft containers and one row for 20 ft containers, and two stack cranes 3 are provided for each crane traverse rail 15. The traverser traversing rails 41 are provided in two stages below the crane traversing rails 15, and one traverser 40 is provided for each traverser traversing rail 41. These devices have already been described with reference to FIGS.
5, the description is omitted.

The container storage device 60 has a frame 61 provided above a container storage area 62. The frame 61 is located at the uppermost part, is provided at right angles to the quay 12, and has a crane traverse rail 63a with both ends 63c projecting from the frame 61 and a crane traverse rail 63a below the crane traverse rail 63a. Traverser traversing rail 63 provided in two steps up and down
b and a plurality of legs 61a supporting these rails 63a and 63b. Crane traverse rail 6
3a is, in the present embodiment, six rows for a 40 ft container,
Two rows for 20 ft containers are provided. Two overhead cranes 29 are arranged on each crane traverse rail 63a, and one traverser 40 is arranged on each traverser traverse rail 63b. The overhead crane 29 and the traverser 40 have the same structure as that described above as the related art, and a description thereof will be omitted.

The container three-dimensional storage device 50 and the container storage device 60 are provided in parallel along the quay 12, and along the sea-side side surfaces of the storage building 6 and the frame 61,
An elevated carriage traveling rail 21 is provided. A bogie 20 runs on the bogie traveling rail 21, and the bogie 20
The container 13 loaded and unloaded by the container crane 8 is transferred between the container 13 and the container ship 7. The bogie 20 has already been described, and redundant description will be omitted.

A land-side bogie traveling rail 27 is provided on the land-side side surface 6c of the storage building 6, and this has already been described, so that the repeated description will be omitted.

Next, the operation of the present embodiment will be described. Import container 13 from container ship 7 into container three-dimensional storage device 5
0, the trolley 20 is circulated on a trolley travel rail 21 composed of a sea-side rail 21a, a building-side rail 21b, and a route change rail 21c. The container 13 is exchanged with the container crane 8, and the container 13 is exchanged between the truck 20 and the sea-side stack crane 3 on the building-side rail 21b. The sea-side stack crane 3 stays near the sea-side side surface 6b of the storage building 6, and places the container 13 received from the bogie 20 on the traverser 40.
The traverser 40 traverses on the land side and delivers the container 13 to the stack crane 3 on the land side. The land-side stack crane 3 stores the container 13 received from the traverser 40 in the storage shelf 2.

When the import container 13 is shipped from the three-dimensional container storage device 50 by the chassis 14, the sea-side stack crane 3 places the container 13 taken out of the storage shelf 2 on the traverser 40. The traverser 40 travels to the land side surface, and delivers the container 13 to the land side stack crane 3 waiting there. The land-side stack crane 3 may directly load the container received from the traverser 40 into the chassis 14. On the land side surface 6c, a bogie traveling rail 27 similar to that described above is provided, the land bogie 26 is circulated thereon, and the rail 28 protrudes from the land side surface 6c of the storage building 6. Is provided between the stack crane 3 and the bogie 26 on the building side rail 27b.
And the container 13 is exchanged between the carriage 26 and the overhead crane 29 on the land side rail 27a. The overhead crane 29 loads the container 13 received from the cart 26 onto the chassis 14.

When the export container 13 is stored in the container storage device 60 from the chassis 14, the land-side overhead crane 29 waits at the land-side extension 63c of the crane traverse rail 63a, and the sea-side overhead crane 29 Are waiting at the position where the containers 13 are to be stacked. The container is lifted from the chassis 14 by the overhead crane 29 on the land side, and the container 13 is placed on the traverser 40 moved below the overhead crane 29 on the land side. Traverser 4
0 traverses to the sea side and reaches below the sea-side overhead crane 29. Traverser 4 by seaside overhead crane 29
After the container 13 on 0 is lifted and the traverser 40 moves, it is suspended and stacked. Export container 13
Are classified by container size, baggage type, container ship,
Sorting by destination port and weight, and stacking for each sorted lot.

When shipping the container 13 from the stacking device 60 for loading on the container ship 7, the land-side overhead crane 29 waits on the stacking lot to be unloaded and the sea-side overhead crane 29. Is the crane traversing rail 63
a in the overhanging portion 63c on the sea side. The stacked containers 13 are lifted by the overhead crane 29 on the land side. The container is placed on the traverser 40 that has moved under the overhead crane 29 on the land side, and the traverser 40 traverses to the sea side and reaches below the overhead crane 29 on the sea side. The container is lifted from the traverser 40 by the sea-side overhead crane 29, and after the traverser 40 moves, the container is suspended and dropped onto the bogie 20 on the building-side rail 21b.
Put 3 on. The bogie 20 circulates and runs on the rail 21 on the sea side.
a, and the container 13 on the trolley 20 is lifted by the container crane 8 and loaded on the container ship 7.

As described above, the container three-dimensional storage device 50 which can be arbitrarily taken out is used for the import container 13 and the inexpensive container storage device 60 is used for the export container 13 and these are arranged in parallel. Therefore, there is an effect that the cost of the entire container terminal can be reduced without impairing the smoothness and high efficiency of the container 13 cargo handling. Further, since the lateral movement of the container in the storage device is almost entirely performed by the traverser 40, the speed and efficiency of container handling can be increased as compared with the case where the stack crane 3 and the overhead crane 29 are always traversed.

The present invention is not limited to the embodiment described above, and various changes can be made without departing from the gist of the invention.

[0039]

As described above, the container terminal of the present invention employs a stacked storage device for an export container that can be controlled in lots, so that the cost can be reduced without impairing the smoothness as compared with a case where the whole is a three-dimensional storage device. And so on.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a container terminal of the present invention.

FIG. 2A is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.
FIG. 2B is a sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of a conventional container terminal.

FIG. 4 is a side view of a conventional container terminal.

FIG. 5 is a plan view of a wheel portion of the bogie.

FIG. 6 is a view as viewed in the direction of arrows AA in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a view taken in the direction of arrows BB in FIG. 5;

FIG. 8 is a plan view of the traverser.

FIG. 9 is a side view of the traverser.

FIG. 10 is a side view of the driving device of the traverser.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a stack crane.

FIG. 12 is a side view of a portion D in FIG. 11;

FIG. 13 is a perspective view of a part D in FIG. 11;

FIG. 14 is a perspective view of a portion C in FIG. 11;

FIG. 15 is a side view of a conventional container terminal.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 Container storage shelves 3 Stack crane 6 Container three-dimensional storage building 8 Container crane 15 Crane traversing rail 20 truck 21 truck traveling rail 21a ocean side rail 21b building side rail 21c route change rail 26 land side truck 28 rail 29 ceiling crane 40 traversa 41 traversa Traversing rail 50 Container three-dimensional storage device 60 Container stacking storage device 61 Frame 63a Crane traversing rail 63 Traverser traversing rail

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A container terminal comprising a container three-dimensional storage device and a container stacked storage device arranged in parallel along a quay, wherein the container three-dimensional storage equipment has container storage shelves arranged in a multi-stage and multi-row arrangement in up, down, left and right. And a stack that is provided on the roof of the storage building in a direction perpendicular to the quay and that traverses a crane traversing rail having both ends projecting from the storage building, and taking containers in and out of the container storage shelves. A crane, and a traverser that, under the crane traversing rail, traverses a traverser traversing rail provided along a container storage shelf with a container transferred between the crane and a stack crane placed thereon,
The container stacking storage device includes a frame provided above the container stacking storage device area, and a crane traverse rail provided on the frame in a direction perpendicular to the quay and both ends projecting from the frame. Rampant, stacking containers,
An overhead crane for unloading, and a traverser that traverses a traverser traversing rail provided along the crane traversing rail below the crane traversing rail, placing containers transferred to and from the overhead crane. And
A trolley that travels on trolley travel rails provided along the sea side of the container three-dimensional storage building and the frame of the container stacking storage device and transfers containers unloaded with a container crane to and from a container ship is arranged. A container terminal characterized by the following. 2. The truck traveling rail is a seaside rail provided on the sea side apart from the storage building and the frame, a building side rail provided between the seaside rail and the storage building and the frame, and both rails. The truck consists of a rail for changing the route on which the bogie traverses, and the transfer of containers between the bogie and the container crane is performed on the sea rail, and the transfer of containers between the bogie and the stack crane or overhead crane is performed. 2. The container terminal according to claim 1, wherein the transfer is performed on a rail on the building side, and the bogie has traveling wheels and traversing wheels so that traveling and traversing are possible. 3. The sea-side rail and the building-side rail are provided with one or two or more lanes, and the route changing rail is provided at both ends and an intermediate part of the sea-side and building-side rails. The container terminal according to claim 2. 4. The container terminal according to claim 1, wherein the bogie traveling rail is an elevated type provided on a shelf protruding from a storage building and a frame.