JPH10160140A - Waste treatment equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Problem] To provide a device in which waste supplied to a pyrolysis reactor has a predetermined size to improve the efficiency of pyrolysis. The A waste a and triaxial crusher 1 for crushing into a predetermined size, and the crushed waste a ₁ is heated in the following low-oxygen atmosphere atmospheric pressure carbonization gas and the pyrolysis residue , A discharge device 14 for separating the pyrolysis gas G ₁ and the pyrolysis residue c, and after cooling the pyrolysis residue c, the flammable component d ′ and the non-combustibility more becomes waste combustion melting furnace 12 for burning a separation device 17 for separating the component and e the combustible component d 'and said carbonization gas G ₁ processor.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a waste treatment apparatus, and more particularly, to thermally decompose waste by heating it in a low-oxygen atmosphere at a pressure lower than atmospheric pressure to produce a dry distillation gas and a pyrolysis residue. The present invention relates to a waste treatment apparatus in which a carbonization gas and a combustible component separated from a pyrolysis residue are supplied to a combustion melting furnace for combustion treatment.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Waste is introduced into a horizontal rotary drum, which is a thermal decomposition reactor, as one of industrial waste treatment devices including general waste such as municipal solid waste and combustible materials such as waste plastics, and is subjected to an atmospheric pressure or less. After heating in a low oxygen atmosphere to thermally decompose, to produce a dry distillation gas and a pyrolysis residue mainly composed of non-volatile components, and after further cooling the pyrolysis residue,
The combustible component mainly supplied to the separator is supplied to the separation device, and the combustible component is separated into non-combustible components such as metals, ceramics, gravel, and rubble such as concrete, and the combustible components are pulverized. The flammable component and the dry distillation gas are led to a combustion melting furnace, which is a combustor, and subjected to combustion treatment in the combustion smelting furnace, and the resulting combustion ash and ash contained in the combustible component are converted into molten slag, and the molten slag There is known a waste treatment apparatus configured to discharge and solidify by cooling (for example, JP-A-1-49816).

[0003] In this waste treatment apparatus, while the metallic components mixed in the waste are recovered in an unoxidized state,
It has many advantages, such as the ability to measure the melting of combustion ash, and has attracted attention from the art.

[0004]

By the way, in the conventional waste treatment apparatus as described above, in order to improve the thermal decomposition reaction of the waste in the thermal decomposition reactor, the waste is supplied in a large and small mixture. It is necessary to homogenize the waste, that is, manage the size so that the size is within a predetermined range. For this reason, it is conceivable that the collected waste is crushed to a predetermined size or less by a twin-screw shear and then injected into a pyrolysis reactor. There has been a problem that waste of shaku cannot be sufficiently crushed to a predetermined size or less.

[0005]

The inventor of the present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and comprises a triaxial crusher for crushing waste into a predetermined size, The crushed waste is heated and pyrolyzed in a low oxygen atmosphere at atmospheric pressure or lower, and a pyrolysis reactor that generates a pyrolysis gas and a pyrolysis residue, and separates the pyrolysis gas and the pyrolysis residue. A waste device comprising: a discharge device, a separation device that separates a combustible component and a non-combustible component after cooling the pyrolysis residue, and a combustion melting furnace that burns the combustible component and the carbonization gas. A processing device is not provided.

[0006] Preferably, the waste crushed by the triaxial crusher is supplied to a separation device, where long and metal components that have not been sufficiently crushed are separated and removed. According to such a waste treatment apparatus, since the waste put into the thermal decomposition reactor is crushed to a predetermined size or less, good thermal decomposition can be performed.

[0007]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A waste treatment apparatus according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. In FIG. 1, the receiving yard A has a first conveyor 5 for supplying waste a such as municipal solid waste collected by a garbage truck 4 to the triaxial crusher 1, and the triaxial crusher 1 uses the first conveyor 5 for 150 mm, for example. A conveyer 3 for introducing waste a ₁ crushed to a predetermined size into the pit 2 is disposed.

The waste a ₁ put into the pit 2 is put into a pyrolysis reactor 10 by a feeding device 9 comprising a crane 6, a chute 7 and a screw feeder 8.
The pyrolysis reactor 10 is constituted by a horizontal rotary drum, the inside of which is sealed by a sealing mechanism (not shown), and is induced by an induction blower 11, and the inside is kept in a low oxygen atmosphere at atmospheric pressure or lower.

Then, heated air b heated by an air heater 13 provided downstream of the combustion melting furnace 12 is supplied to the pyrolysis reactor 10 via a line L ₁ , and the inside thereof is heated to 30 ° C.
0 ℃ to about to 600 ° C., usually waste a ₁ that are submitted is heated to about 450 ° C. The dry distillation of low-temperature thermal decomposition gas G ₁
And mainly a non-volatile pyrolysis residue c. Then, the carbonized gas G ₁ and the pyrolysis residue c are supplied to the discharge device 1
The carbonized gas G ₁ separated at 4 is supplied to a burner 15 of a combustion melting furnace 12 which is a combustor via a line L ₂ .

On the other hand, the pyrolysis residue c discharged from the discharge device 14 is supplied to the cooling device 16 where, for example, 80
After being cooled to about ° C., in the separator 17, it is separated into combustible components d such as carbon and non-combustible components such as metal and rubble, and this non-combustible component e is collected in the container 18. The combustible component d is, for example, 1 mm
Pulverized into the following fine powder, and the pulverized combustible component d ′
It is supplied to the burner 15 through line L _3, the line L
Gas G ₁ supplied via the _second and the forced blower 2
0 by is burned at a high temperature of about 1,300 ° C. by the combustion air f supplied via line L _4. Then, the combustion ash generated during the combustion and the ash contained in the combustible component d ′ become molten slag g and flow down to be cooled and solidified in the water tank 21. The solidified molten slag g is used as a road pavement material, a building material, and the like.

The combustion gas G ₂ generated in the combustion and melting furnace 12 is recovered by an air heater 13 and a waste heat boiler 22, guided to a dust collector 23 via a line L ₅ , and subjected to dust removal. most become clean exhaust gas G ₃ at a relatively low temperature is washed desulfurized in gas scrubber 24 is discharged from the chimney 25 into the atmosphere. The part of the exhaust gas G ₃ are supplied as inert gas to the cooler 16 via line L _6. Reference numeral 26 denotes a power generation device that generates power using steam S generated by the waste heat boiler 22.

In such a waste treatment apparatus, the waste a is crushed by the triaxial crusher 1 and charged into the pyrolysis reactor 10 as a predetermined size, so that heating is performed uniformly. Thermal decomposition efficiency can be improved. FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the receiving yard A,
The waste a ₁ crushed by the triaxial crusher ₁ is transferred to the second conveyor 31. Is supplied to the separator 27 composed of a sieve, and the waste a composed of a long material, for example, longer than 150 mm
₂ is separated and removed, and the waste a ₃ having a predetermined size or less that has passed through the separator 27 is accommodated in the pit 2. The waste a ₂ is again turned crushed triaxial crusher 1 as required. By separating the waste a ₁ discharged from the triaxial crusher ₁ by the separator 27 in this way, the thermal decomposition reactor 1
0 can be more favorably performed.

FIG. 3 shows still another embodiment in the receiving yard A. In the process in which the waste a ₁ crushed by the triaxial crusher ₁ is sent to the pit 2 by the second conveyor 31, The metallic component (iron) is separated and recovered by the magnetic separator 28 installed above. With such a configuration, the waste a ₁ is introduced into the pyrolysis reactor 10 after removing a metallic component that becomes a part of the pyrolysis residue c in advance. You can do it.

[0014]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the waste treatment apparatus of the present invention, the waste is crushed by the triaxial crusher and charged into the pyrolysis reactor.
There is no crush leakage of the waste, and as a result, the thermal decomposition can be performed well. In addition, the waste that has been crushed by a triaxial crusher can be further improved by further separating its long components by a separator or separating metallic components by a magnetic separator to further improve its thermal decomposition efficiency. effective.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a system diagram of a disposal unit processing apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a system diagram showing an example of a receiving yard.

FIG. 3 is a system diagram showing still another example of a receiving yard.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Triaxial crusher 2 Pit 3 Second conveyor 4 Garbage truck 5 First conveyor 6 Crane 7 Chute 8 Screw feeder 9 Input device 10 Thermal decomposition reactor 11 Induction blower 12 Combustion melting furnace 13 Air heater 14 Discharge device 15 Burner 16 Cooling device 17 Separator 18 Container 19 Crusher 20 Push-in blower 21 Water tank 22 Waste heat boiler 23 Dust collector 24 Gas cleaning device 25 Chimney 26 Power generator 27 Separator 28 Magnetic separator

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A triaxial crusher for crushing waste into a predetermined size, and heating the crushed waste in a low-oxygen atmosphere at atmospheric pressure or lower to produce a dry distillation gas and a pyrolysis residue. A pyrolysis reactor, a discharge device for separating the pyrolysis gas and the pyrolysis residue, a separation device for cooling the pyrolysis residue, and then separating the pyrolysis residue into a combustible component and a non-combustible component; and A waste treatment apparatus comprising a combustion melting furnace for burning components and the carbonization gas. 2. The waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein waste discharged from the triaxial crusher is supplied to a separation device, and a long object is separated and recovered from the separation device. 3. The waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the waste discharged from the triaxial crusher is guided to a magnetic separator to separate and collect metallic components.