JPH10169947A - Combustion control method for waste-melting furnace produced gas combustion furnace - Google Patents
Combustion control method for waste-melting furnace produced gas combustion furnaceInfo
- Publication number
- JPH10169947A JPH10169947A JP34673796A JP34673796A JPH10169947A JP H10169947 A JPH10169947 A JP H10169947A JP 34673796 A JP34673796 A JP 34673796A JP 34673796 A JP34673796 A JP 34673796A JP H10169947 A JPH10169947 A JP H10169947A
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- Prior art keywords
- combustion
- furnace
- flow rate
- waste
- combustion air
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、混合収集ごみ、分
別収集ごみ、粗大ごみなどの都市ごみ及び下水スラッ
ジ、ゴム、タイヤ、貝殻等の廃棄物、又は、廃油、スラ
ッジ、金属屑などの産業廃棄物を、高温で溶融処理する
廃棄物溶融炉から発生するガスを燃焼させる燃焼炉の燃
焼制御方法に関する。The present invention relates to industrial waste such as municipal waste such as mixed waste, segregated waste and bulky waste and sewage sludge, rubber, tires, shells, etc., or waste oil, sludge and metal waste. The present invention relates to a combustion control method for a combustion furnace that burns gas generated from a waste melting furnace that melts waste at a high temperature.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、廃熱ボイラ付きの廃棄物溶融処理
設備として、図４に示す形態のものがあり、以下、その
構成を簡単に説明する。図示するように、上部開口から
投入された都市ごみや産業廃棄物を溶融処理する廃棄物
溶融炉５０の下部には、空気供給配管５１と酸素供給配
管５２とが接続されている。一方、廃棄物溶融炉５０の
上部に設けた生成ガス出口５３は、中途に可燃性ダスト
（チャー）除去用のサイクロン５４を取付けたダクト５
５を介して燃焼炉５６の生成ガス入口５７に接続されて
いる。また、燃焼炉５６の排ガス出口５８は廃熱ボイラ
５９に接続されており、廃熱ボイラ５９は集塵機６０と
誘引送風機６１を介して煙突６２に接続されている。か
かる構成によって、都市ごみや産業廃棄物を溶融処理し
て得た排ガスの保有する熱を利用して、熱交換によっ
て、廃熱ボイラ５９で蒸気を発生することができ、都市
ごみや産業廃棄物を熱資源として有効に活用することが
できる。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there is a waste melting treatment facility with a waste heat boiler of the type shown in FIG. 4, and the configuration thereof will be briefly described below. As shown in the figure, an air supply pipe 51 and an oxygen supply pipe 52 are connected to a lower part of a waste melting furnace 50 for melting and processing municipal solid waste and industrial waste introduced from an upper opening. On the other hand, a product gas outlet 53 provided at the upper part of the waste melting furnace 50 is provided with a duct 5 on which a cyclone 54 for removing combustible dust (char) is mounted on the way.
5 is connected to a product gas inlet 57 of a combustion furnace 56. Further, an exhaust gas outlet 58 of the combustion furnace 56 is connected to a waste heat boiler 59, and the waste heat boiler 59 is connected to a chimney 62 via a dust collector 60 and an induction blower 61. With such a configuration, steam can be generated in the waste heat boiler 59 by heat exchange using heat possessed by exhaust gas obtained by melting and processing municipal waste and industrial waste. Can be effectively utilized as heat resources.
【０００３】ところで、図４及び図５に示すように、廃
棄物溶融炉５０において発生する発生ガスの総発熱量
は、排ガス中に含まれる可燃性ダスト（チャー）の量の
変動に起因して大きく変動するため、そのままでは、燃
焼炉５６における燃焼量も大きく変化し、廃熱ボイラ５
９によって蒸気を安定的に生成することができない。[0003] As shown in Figs. 4 and 5, the total calorific value of the generated gas generated in the waste melting furnace 50 depends on the variation of the amount of combustible dust (char) contained in the exhaust gas. Since the temperature fluctuates greatly, the amount of combustion in the combustion furnace 56 greatly changes as it is, and the waste heat boiler 5
9 makes it impossible to generate steam stably.
【０００４】そこで、従来においても、図５に示すよう
に、燃焼炉５６内に、燃焼空気送風機６３を作動して、
一次空気配管６４、二次空気配管６５、三次空気配管６
６ａ等を通して燃焼空気を供給すると共に、二次空気配
管６５に流量制御弁６６を取付け、この流量制御弁６６
を、燃焼炉５６の炉内温度を検出する熱電対からなる温
度検出器６７、６７ａの出力に基づいて開閉制御し、燃
焼炉５６内の燃焼温度制御を行うようにしている。Therefore, conventionally, as shown in FIG. 5, a combustion air blower 63 is operated in a combustion furnace 56,
Primary air piping 64, secondary air piping 65, tertiary air piping 6
6a and the like, the combustion air is supplied, and a flow control valve 66 is attached to the secondary air pipe 65.
Is controlled based on the outputs of temperature detectors 67 and 67a, which are thermocouples for detecting the temperature inside the combustion furnace 56, so as to control the combustion temperature inside the combustion furnace 56.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかし、上記した廃棄
物溶融炉生成ガス燃焼炉の燃焼制御方法は、未だ、以下
の解決すべき課題を有していた。即ち、熱電対からなる
温度検出器６７、６７ａによる燃焼制御では、熱電対の
特性より、燃焼炉５６の炉内温度の上昇をリアルタイム
で検出することができないため、図６及び図７に示すよ
うに、発生ガスカロリーの変動に対して燃焼温度制御が
追随できず、燃焼炉５６の炉内温度が大きく変動し、そ
の結果、炉内温度が高温になるとダストが溶融して炉内
壁にクリンカーを生成し、また、炉内温度が低温になる
と燃焼性が悪化し未燃ＣＯを発生していた。なお、図６
において実線はガス単味発熱量を、破線は発生ガス総発
熱量を示す。However, the above-described method for controlling the combustion of a gas-fired furnace produced by a waste melting furnace has the following problems to be solved. That is, in the combustion control by the temperature detectors 67 and 67a composed of thermocouples, it is not possible to detect a rise in the furnace temperature of the combustion furnace 56 in real time due to the characteristics of the thermocouples. In addition, the combustion temperature control cannot follow the fluctuation of the generated gas calorie, and the temperature inside the furnace of the combustion furnace 56 fluctuates greatly. When the temperature in the furnace became low, the combustibility deteriorated and unburned CO was generated. FIG.
, The solid line indicates the calorific value of the gas, and the broken line indicates the total calorific value of the generated gas.
【０００６】本発明は、このような事情に鑑みなされた
ものであり、燃焼炉の炉内温度を安定させることにより
未燃ＣＯの発生をなくすことができる廃棄物溶融炉生成
ガス燃焼炉の燃焼制御方法を提供することを目的とす
る。[0006] The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and the present invention relates to the combustion of a waste melting furnace produced gas combustion furnace which can eliminate the generation of unburned CO by stabilizing the furnace temperature of the combustion furnace. It is an object to provide a control method.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】前記目的に沿う請求項１
記載の廃棄物溶融炉生成ガス燃焼炉の燃焼制御方法は、
廃棄物溶融炉から発生する生成ガスを燃焼する燃焼炉の
燃焼制御方法であって、前記廃棄物溶融炉に吹き込まれ
る送風空気流量と、送風酸素流量と、前記廃棄物溶融炉
から発生する前記生成ガスの成分の分析値に基づいて、
理論燃焼空気流量を演算して、該理論燃焼空気流量に基
づいて前記燃焼炉に供給する燃焼空気流量を制御する。
請求項２記載の廃棄物溶融炉生成ガス燃焼炉の燃焼制御
方法は、請求項１記載の廃棄物溶融炉生成ガス燃焼炉の
燃焼制御方法において、前記燃焼炉の出口からの排ガス
中の酸素量を分析し、該酸素量が設定酸素量となるよう
に前記燃焼空気流量を補正するようにしている。請求項
３記載の廃棄物溶融炉生成ガス燃焼炉の燃焼制御方法
は、請求項１又は２記載の廃棄物溶融炉生成ガス燃焼炉
の燃焼制御方法において、該燃焼炉の出口からの排ガス
を循環して前記燃焼炉内に吹き込み、該燃焼炉の出口温
度を制御するようにしている。According to the present invention, there is provided a semiconductor device comprising:
The combustion control method of the waste melting furnace produced gas combustion furnace described,
A method for controlling combustion of a combustion furnace for burning a generated gas generated from a waste melting furnace, comprising: a blowing air flow rate blown into the waste melting furnace, a blowing oxygen flow rate, and the generation generated from the waste melting furnace. Based on the analysis of the components of the gas,
A theoretical combustion air flow rate is calculated, and a combustion air flow rate supplied to the combustion furnace is controlled based on the theoretical combustion air flow rate.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a combustion control method for a waste-melting furnace produced gas combustion furnace according to the first aspect, wherein the amount of oxygen in an exhaust gas from an outlet of the combustion furnace is reduced. Is analyzed, and the combustion air flow rate is corrected so that the oxygen amount becomes the set oxygen amount. According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for controlling combustion of a gas produced by a waste melting furnace according to the first or second aspect, wherein the exhaust gas from an outlet of the combustion furnace is circulated. Then, it is blown into the combustion furnace to control the outlet temperature of the combustion furnace.
【０００８】[0008]
【発明の実施の形態】続いて、添付した図面を参照しつ
つ、本発明を具体化した実施の形態につき説明し、本発
明の理解に供する。まず、図１を参照して、本発明の一
実施の形態に係る廃棄物溶融炉生成ガス燃焼炉の燃焼制
御方法を好適に用いることができる廃棄物溶融処理設備
Ａの構成について説明する。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings to provide an understanding of the present invention. First, with reference to FIG. 1, the configuration of a waste melting treatment facility A that can suitably use the combustion control method of the waste melting furnace generated gas combustion furnace according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described.
【０００９】図示するように、廃棄物溶融炉１０の上部
には都市ごみや産業廃棄物が投入される投入部１１が設
けられると共に、その下部には、廃棄物溶融炉１０内に
空気と酸素とを供給するための空気供給配管１２と酸素
供給配管１３とが接続されている。廃棄物溶融炉１０の
上部には生成ガス出口１４が設けられており、この生成
ガス出口１４は、ダクト１５を介して、燃焼炉１６の生
成ガス入口１７に連通連結されている。また、ダクト１
５の中途には、生成ガス中の可燃性ダスト（チャー）を
除去するためのサイクロン１８が取付けられており、サ
イクロン１８の底部はダストホッパー１９及びスクリュ
フィーダ２０を介して燃焼炉１６の生成ガス入口１７の
近傍をなすダクト１５の下流側端に連通連結されてい
る。燃焼炉１６の下部には１次、２次燃焼空気入口２１
ａ、２１ｂが設けられており、この１次、２次燃焼空気
入口２１ａ、２１ｂには、それぞれ、１次、２次燃焼空
気供給配管２２ａ、２２ｂの下流側端が連通連結されて
いる。また、１次、２次燃焼空気供給配管２２ａ、２２
ｂの上流側をなす燃焼空気供給本管２２の中途には燃焼
空気送風機２３が取付けられている。As shown in the figure, an input section 11 into which municipal solid waste and industrial waste is charged is provided at an upper portion of the waste melting furnace 10, and air and oxygen are introduced into the waste melting furnace 10 at a lower portion thereof. Is connected to an air supply pipe 12 and an oxygen supply pipe 13 for supplying air. A product gas outlet 14 is provided at an upper portion of the waste melting furnace 10, and the product gas outlet 14 is connected to a product gas inlet 17 of a combustion furnace 16 via a duct 15. Also, duct 1
5, a cyclone 18 for removing combustible dust (char) in the product gas is attached, and the bottom of the cyclone 18 is formed through a dust hopper 19 and a screw feeder 20 through a product gas of the combustion furnace 16. It is communicatively connected to the downstream end of the duct 15 near the inlet 17. A primary and secondary combustion air inlet 21 is provided at a lower portion of the combustion furnace 16.
The primary and secondary combustion air inlets 21a and 21b are connected to the downstream ends of the primary and secondary combustion air supply pipes 22a and 22b, respectively. Also, primary and secondary combustion air supply pipes 22a, 22
A combustion air blower 23 is mounted in the middle of the combustion air supply main pipe 22, which is on the upstream side of b.
【００１０】燃焼炉１６の排ガス出口２４はダクト２５
を介して廃熱ボイラ２６に連通連結されている。一方、
廃熱ボイラ２６は、集塵機２７と誘引送風機２８を中途
に取付けたダクト２９を介して煙突３０に連通連結され
ている。また、ダクト２９の下流側から排ガス一部還流
ダクト３１が分岐されており、その下流側端は燃焼炉１
６に連通連結されている。排ガス一部還流ダクト３１の
中途には一部還流送風機３２が取付けられている。The exhaust gas outlet 24 of the combustion furnace 16 has a duct 25
Through a waste heat boiler 26. on the other hand,
The waste heat boiler 26 is connected to a chimney 30 through a duct 29 in which a dust collector 27 and an induction blower 28 are mounted halfway. Further, an exhaust gas partial recirculation duct 31 is branched from a downstream side of the duct 29, and the downstream end thereof is connected to the combustion furnace 1.
6 is communicatively connected. In the middle of the exhaust gas partial return duct 31, a partial return blower 32 is attached.
【００１１】次に、上記した構成を有する廃棄物溶融処
理設備Ａにおいて、廃棄物溶融炉１０で生成された生成
ガスの燃焼炉１６における燃焼を制御するために用いる
各種検出器及び制御装置等について説明する。図１に示
すように、空気供給配管１２と酸素供給配管１３には、
それぞれ、送風空気流量検出器３３と送風酸素流量検出
器３４とが取付けられており、廃棄物溶融炉１０内に供
給される送風空気流量と送風酸素流量とをそれぞれ検出
することができる。廃棄物溶融炉１０の生成ガス出口１
４には生成ガス成分検出器３５が取付けられており、廃
棄物溶融炉１０における都市ごみや産業廃棄物の溶融に
よって発生した生成ガスの成分、特に、ＣＯやＣＯ2 を
検出することができる。Next, in the waste melting treatment facility A having the above-described configuration, various detectors and control devices used for controlling the combustion of the generated gas generated in the waste melting furnace 10 in the combustion furnace 16 will be described. explain. As shown in FIG. 1, the air supply pipe 12 and the oxygen supply pipe 13
A blast air flow rate detector 33 and a blast oxygen flow rate detector 34 are respectively attached, and can detect the blast air flow rate and the blast oxygen flow rate supplied into the waste melting furnace 10, respectively. Product gas outlet 1 of waste melting furnace 10
4 is provided with a product gas component detector 35, which can detect components of the product gas generated by melting the municipal solid waste and the industrial waste in the waste melting furnace 10, particularly CO and CO 2 .
【００１２】燃焼炉１６の１次、２次燃焼空気入口２１
ａ、２１ｂに連通連結される１次、２次燃焼空気供給配
管２２ａ、２２ｂの中途には、それぞれ、１次、２次燃
焼空気流量調節弁３６ａ、３６ｂが取付けられており、
燃焼炉１６の炉内環境に応じて燃焼炉１６に供給される
燃焼空気の流量をそれぞれ別個に調節することができ
る。燃焼炉１６の排ガス出口２４の近傍をなすダクト２
５の部分には排ガス中酸素検出器３７が取付けられてお
り、燃焼炉１６の排ガス出口２４から流出する排ガス中
の酸素量を検出することができる。上記した検出器のう
ち、送風空気流量検出器３３、送風酸素流量検出器３４
及び生成ガス成分検出器３５は燃焼空気流量演算回路３
８に接続されており、一方、排ガス中酸素検出器３７は
酸素補正制御回路３９に接続されている。また、燃焼空
気流量演算回路３８と酸素補正制御回路３９同士も接続
されている。また、酸素補正制御回路３９には１次、２
次燃焼空気流量調節弁３６ａ、３６ｂが接続されてい
る。さらに、本実施の形態では、排ガス一部還流ダクト
３１の中途には流量調節弁４０が取付けられており、一
方、燃焼炉１６の排ガス出口２４には排ガス温度検出器
４１が取付けられている。そして、流量調節弁４０と排
ガス温度検出器４１とは温度制御回路４２に接続されて
いる。The primary and secondary combustion air inlets 21 of the combustion furnace 16
Primary and secondary combustion air flow control valves 36a and 36b are attached in the middle of the primary and secondary combustion air supply pipes 22a and 22b, respectively, which are connected to the primary and secondary combustion air supply pipes a and 21b.
The flow rate of the combustion air supplied to the combustion furnace 16 can be separately adjusted according to the furnace environment of the combustion furnace 16. Duct 2 near exhaust gas outlet 24 of combustion furnace 16
The portion 5 is provided with an exhaust gas oxygen detector 37, which can detect the amount of oxygen in the exhaust gas flowing out of the exhaust gas outlet 24 of the combustion furnace 16. Among the above-mentioned detectors, the blast air flow rate detector 33 and the blast oxygen flow rate detector 34
And the generated gas component detector 35 is a combustion air flow rate calculation circuit 3
8, while the exhaust gas oxygen detector 37 is connected to an oxygen correction control circuit 39. Further, the combustion air flow rate calculation circuit 38 and the oxygen correction control circuit 39 are also connected to each other. The oxygen correction control circuit 39 has a primary,
The secondary combustion air flow control valves 36a and 36b are connected. Further, in the present embodiment, a flow rate control valve 40 is attached in the middle of the exhaust gas partial reflux duct 31, while an exhaust gas temperature detector 41 is attached to the exhaust gas outlet 24 of the combustion furnace 16. The flow control valve 40 and the exhaust gas temperature detector 41 are connected to a temperature control circuit 42.
【００１３】次に、上記した構成を有する廃棄物溶融処
理設備Ａを用いた廃棄物溶融処理方法について説明す
る。廃棄物溶融炉１０の上部に設けられた装入装置から
廃棄物溶融炉１０内に投入された都市ごみ、産業廃棄
物、コークス及び石灰石は、空気供給配管１２と酸素供
給配管１３を通して、廃棄物溶融炉１０の下部に設けら
れた羽口１０ａより廃棄物溶融炉１０内に吹き込まれる
空気及び酸素と反応し、不燃物は溶解して図示しない出
滓口より炉外へ、可燃物は熱分解されてガス化し、生成
ガスを発生することになる。Next, a waste melting treatment method using the waste melting treatment equipment A having the above configuration will be described. The municipal solid waste, industrial waste, coke, and limestone introduced into the waste melting furnace 10 from a charging device provided at the upper part of the waste melting furnace 10 are discharged through the air supply pipe 12 and the oxygen supply pipe 13 to the waste. Reacts with air and oxygen blown into the waste melting furnace 10 through a tuyere 10a provided at the lower part of the melting furnace 10, and melts incombustibles to the outside of the furnace through a slag port (not shown). Then, it is gasified to generate a generated gas.
【００１４】この生成ガスは、廃棄物溶融炉１０の上部
からダクト１５を経てサイクロン１８で可燃性ダスト
（チャー）を一部除塵回収した後、生成ガス入口１７よ
り、燃焼炉１６内に流入し、燃焼空気供給本管２２を通
して燃焼炉１６内に流入されてきた燃焼空気と反応して
燃焼する。サイクロン１８で捕集した可燃性ダスト（チ
ャー）はダストホッパー１９及びスクリュフィーダ２０
を通して燃焼炉１６内に切り出され、燃焼空気と反応し
て燃焼する。燃焼炉１６内には、さらに、後述する排ガ
スの一部が排ガス一部還流ダクト３１を通して還流され
る。燃焼炉１６から排出された排ガスは廃熱ボイラ２６
に送られて熱交換され、ここで発生した蒸気は、図示し
ない余熱利用設備によりエネルギ変換され所定の用途に
利用されることになる。また、廃熱ボイラ２６を通過し
冷やされた排ガスは、集塵機２７と、誘引送風機２８及
び煙突３０を通して大気中に放出されることになる。This generated gas partially removes and collects combustible dust (char) from the upper part of the waste melting furnace 10 through the duct 15 by the cyclone 18 and then flows into the combustion furnace 16 from the generated gas inlet 17. Then, it reacts with the combustion air flowing into the combustion furnace 16 through the combustion air supply main pipe 22 and burns. The combustible dust (char) collected by the cyclone 18 is supplied to the dust hopper 19 and the screw feeder 20.
Through the combustion furnace 16 and reacts with combustion air to burn. In the combustion furnace 16, a part of the exhaust gas described later is recirculated through the exhaust gas partial recirculation duct 31. Exhaust gas discharged from the combustion furnace 16 is supplied to a waste heat boiler 26.
The steam generated here is converted into energy by a residual heat utilization facility (not shown) and used for a predetermined application. Further, the exhaust gas cooled after passing through the waste heat boiler 26 is discharged into the atmosphere through a dust collector 27, an induction blower 28 and a chimney 30.
【００１５】本実施の形態は、上記した廃棄物溶融処理
設備Ａによる廃棄物溶融処理方法において、燃焼炉１６
内における燃焼温度を安定させるため、燃焼空気流量制
御の検出端を温度検出器ではなく、廃棄物溶融炉１０に
吹き込まれる送風空気流量及び送風酸素流量と、廃棄物
溶融炉１０から発生する生成ガスの成分の分析値に基づ
いて、理論燃焼空気流量を演算し、この理論燃焼空気流
量に基づいて、燃焼炉１６に供給する燃焼空気流量を制
御するようにしたことを特徴とする。The present embodiment is directed to a waste melting treatment method using the waste melting treatment equipment A described above,
In order to stabilize the combustion temperature in the furnace, the detection end of the combustion air flow rate control is not a temperature detector, but the blowing air flow rate and blowing oxygen flow rate blown into the waste melting furnace 10, and the generated gas generated from the waste melting furnace 10. The theoretical combustion air flow rate is calculated based on the analysis value of the component, and the combustion air flow rate supplied to the combustion furnace 16 is controlled based on the theoretical combustion air flow rate.
【００１６】以下、図２に示す理論１次燃焼空気流量演
算及び理論全燃焼空気流量演算の基本ブロック図、及
び、図３に示す燃焼空気流量制御のフローチャートに基
づいて、この廃棄物溶融炉生成ガス燃焼炉の燃焼制御方
法について説明する。先ず、図２を参照して、理論１次
燃焼空気流量及び理論全燃焼空気流量の演算方法につい
て説明する。図２に示すように、送風空気流量検出器３
３で検出した送風空気流量（ｂ）と、送風酸素流量検出
器３４で検出した送風酸素流量（ａ）と、生成ガス成分
検出器３５で検出した生成ガス中の主要成分であるＣＯ
割合（ｃ）とＣＯ2 割合（ｄ）に基づいて、燃焼空気流
量演算回路３８によって生成ガス量（ｅ）を演算する。
即ち、生成ガス量（ｅ）の演算は、廃棄物溶融炉１０の
入口・出口のＮ2 バランスより以下の式で求められる。Hereinafter, based on the basic block diagram of the calculation of the theoretical primary combustion air flow rate and the calculation of the theoretical total combustion air flow rate shown in FIG. 2, and the flowchart of the combustion air flow rate control shown in FIG. A combustion control method of the gas combustion furnace will be described. First, a method of calculating the theoretical primary combustion air flow rate and the theoretical total combustion air flow rate will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG.
3, the blast oxygen flow rate (a) detected by the blast oxygen flow rate detector 34, and CO as the main component in the product gas detected by the product gas component detector 35.
Based on the ratio (c) and the CO 2 ratio (d), the generated gas amount (e) is calculated by the combustion air flow rate calculation circuit 38.
That is, the calculation of the generated gas amount (e) is obtained by the following equation from the N 2 balance between the inlet and the outlet of the waste melting furnace 10.
【００１７】[0017]
【数１】 (Equation 1)
【００１８】なお、上記した式において、生成ガス中の
Ｎ2 割合は、ＣＯ2 及びＣＯを除く大半の成分がＮ2 で
あることにより、1 − (ｃ＋ｄ) で求められる。この生
成ガス量（ｅ）に基づき、生成ガス中の主要可燃ガス成
分であるＣＯガスの量を演算し、さらに少量の副次的可
燃物である水素ガスの量を想定割合に基づいて演算す
る。さらに、サイクロン１８によって捕集されずに生成
ガスに随伴されて供給される可燃ダスト量を生成ガス量
（ｅ）に対する想定割合に基づいて演算する。これらの
可燃成分の量に基づき理論１次燃焼空気流量（ｆ）を演
算する。また、サイクロン１８によって捕集したダスト
ホッパー１９内の可燃性ダスト（チャー）を燃料として
燃焼炉１６内に切り出す場合は、チャー切出量（ｇ）に
基づいてチャー燃焼空気流量（ｈ）を演算する。このチ
ャー燃焼空気流量（ｈ）を理論１次燃焼空気流量（ｆ）
に加えることによって理論全燃焼空気流量（ｉ）を演算
する。In the above equation, the N 2 ratio in the product gas is determined by 1− (c + d), since most of the components other than CO 2 and CO are N 2 . Based on the generated gas amount (e), the amount of CO gas, which is the main combustible gas component in the generated gas, is calculated, and the amount of hydrogen gas, which is a small amount of secondary combustibles, is calculated based on the assumed ratio. . Further, the amount of combustible dust supplied along with the generated gas without being collected by the cyclone 18 is calculated based on the assumed ratio to the generated gas amount (e). The theoretical primary combustion air flow rate (f) is calculated based on the amounts of these combustible components. Further, when combustible dust (char) in the dust hopper 19 collected by the cyclone 18 is cut into the combustion furnace 16 as fuel, the char combustion air flow rate (h) is calculated based on the char cutout amount (g). I do. This char combustion air flow rate (h) is calculated as the theoretical primary combustion air flow rate (f).
To calculate the theoretical total combustion air flow rate (i).
【００１９】次に、図３に示す燃焼空気流量制御のフロ
ーチャートを参照して、燃焼空気流量制御について説明
する。理論１次燃焼空気流量（ｆ）の演算が完了すると
（ステップ１００）、１次空気比Ｋ１（例えば、１）を
理論１次燃焼空気流量（ｆ）に掛けて（ステップ１０
１）、１次空気流量制御指令を出す（ステップ１０
２）。この指令に基づいて、１次燃焼空気流量調節弁３
６ａの弁開度制御がなされ（ステップ１０３）、燃焼炉
１６へ１次燃焼空気供給配管２２ａを通して供給される
１次燃焼空気流量が調節される。また、サイクロン１８
によって捕集したダストホッパー１９内の可燃性ダスト
（チャー）を燃料として燃焼炉１６内に切り出す場合は
（ステップ１０４）、換算係数Ｋをチャー切出量（ｇ）
に掛けてチャー燃焼空気流量（ｈ）を演算すると共に加
え（ステップ１０５、１０６）、その後、１次燃焼空気
流量調節弁３６ａの弁開度制御がなされ（ステップ１０
３）、燃焼炉１６へ１次燃焼空気供給配管２２ａを通し
て供給される１次燃焼空気流量が調節される。Next, the combustion air flow control will be described with reference to the flowchart of the combustion air flow control shown in FIG. When the calculation of the theoretical primary combustion air flow rate (f) is completed (step 100), the primary air ratio K1 (for example, 1) is multiplied by the theoretical primary combustion air flow rate (f) (step 10).
1) Issue a primary air flow control command (step 10)
2). Based on this command, the primary combustion air flow control valve 3
The valve opening degree control of 6a is performed (step 103), and the flow rate of the primary combustion air supplied to the combustion furnace 16 through the primary combustion air supply pipe 22a is adjusted. Also, cyclone 18
When the combustible dust (char) in the dust hopper 19 collected by the fuel is cut out into the combustion furnace 16 as fuel (step 104), the conversion coefficient K is set to the char cutout amount (g).
To calculate and add the char combustion air flow rate (h) (steps 105 and 106), and then control the opening degree of the primary combustion air flow rate control valve 36a (step 10).
3) The primary combustion air flow rate supplied to the combustion furnace 16 through the primary combustion air supply pipe 22a is adjusted.
【００２０】一方、理論全燃焼空気流量（ｉ）の演算が
完了すると（ステップ１０７）、全空気比Ｋ２（例え
ば、２）を理論全燃焼空気流量（ｉ）に掛けて得た燃焼
空気流量（ステップ１０８）から理論１次燃焼空気流量
（ｆ）に１次空気比Ｋ１を掛けた燃焼空気流量を引いた
後（ステップ１０９）、２次空気流量制御指令を出す
（ステップ１１０）。この指令に基づいて、２次燃焼空
気流量調節弁３６ｂの弁開度制御がなされ（ステップ１
１１）、燃焼炉１６へ２次燃焼空気供給配管２２ｂを通
して供給される２次燃焼空気流量が調節される。さら
に、本実施の形態では、必要に応じて、排ガス中酸素検
出器３７によって燃焼炉１６から排出される排ガス中の
酸素濃度を検出し、この酸素濃度が適正濃度（通常、１
０％）より過剰に高い場合（例えば、１５％）又は過剰
に低い場合（例えば、３％）は制御指令を出し（ステッ
プ１１２）、適正濃度になるように補正した後（ステッ
プ１１３）、２次空気流量制御指令を出し（ステップ１
１０）、この指令に基づいて、２次燃焼空気流量調節弁
３６ｂの弁開度制御がなされ（ステップ１１１）、燃焼
炉１６へ２次燃焼空気供給配管２２ｂを通して供給され
る２次燃焼空気流量を調節できるようにしている。On the other hand, when the calculation of the theoretical total combustion air flow rate (i) is completed (Step 107), the total air ratio K2 (for example, 2) is multiplied by the theoretical total combustion air flow rate (i) to obtain a combustion air flow rate ( After subtracting the combustion air flow rate obtained by multiplying the theoretical primary combustion air flow rate (f) by the primary air ratio K1 from step 108) (step 109), a secondary air flow rate control command is issued (step 110). Based on this command, the valve opening of the secondary combustion air flow control valve 36b is controlled (step 1).
11), the flow rate of the secondary combustion air supplied to the combustion furnace 16 through the secondary combustion air supply pipe 22b is adjusted. Further, in the present embodiment, if necessary, the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas discharged from the combustion furnace 16 is detected by the oxygen detector 37 in the exhaust gas, and the oxygen concentration is adjusted to an appropriate concentration (normally, 1).
0%) is excessively high (for example, 15%) or excessively low (for example, 3%), a control command is issued (step 112), and correction is performed to obtain an appropriate density (step 113). Issue the next air flow control command (Step 1
10) Based on this command, the opening degree of the secondary combustion air flow control valve 36b is controlled (step 111), and the secondary combustion air flow rate supplied to the combustion furnace 16 through the secondary combustion air supply pipe 22b is determined. Adjustable.
【００２１】このように、本実施の形態では、燃焼空気
流量制御の検出端を温度検出器ではなく、廃棄物溶融炉
１０に吹き込まれる送風空気流量及び送風酸素流量と、
廃棄物溶融炉１０から発生する生成ガスの成分の分析値
に基づいて、理論燃焼空気流量を演算し、この理論燃焼
空気流量に基づいて、燃焼炉１６に供給する燃焼空気流
量を制御するようにしたので、燃焼炉１６内における燃
焼温度を安定させることができ、未燃ＣＯの発生を防止
することができる。燃焼炉１６の炉内温度の安定化によ
り、耐火物に与える熱衝撃が緩和でき、耐火物の寿命延
長を図ることができる。また、本実施の形態では、必要
に応じて、排ガス中酸素検出器３７によって燃焼炉１６
から排出される排ガス中の酸素濃度を検出して、この酸
素濃度が設定濃度になるように理論燃焼空気流量を補正
した後、燃焼炉１６に供給するようにしているので、生
成ガス中の連続測定が困難な可燃性ダスト（チャー）や
タールによる燃焼空気流量の過不足を補正することがで
き、燃焼制御の精度を高めることができる。As described above, in the present embodiment, the detection end of the combustion air flow rate control is not a temperature detector but a flow rate of the blown air and a flow rate of the blown oxygen blown into the waste melting furnace 10.
The theoretical combustion air flow rate is calculated based on the analysis value of the component of the generated gas generated from the waste melting furnace 10, and the combustion air flow rate supplied to the combustion furnace 16 is controlled based on the theoretical combustion air flow rate. Accordingly, the combustion temperature in the combustion furnace 16 can be stabilized, and the generation of unburned CO can be prevented. By stabilizing the temperature in the furnace of the combustion furnace 16, the thermal shock given to the refractory can be reduced, and the life of the refractory can be extended. In the present embodiment, if necessary, the combustion furnace 16 is detected by the oxygen detector 37 in the exhaust gas.
Since the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust gas is detected and the theoretical combustion air flow rate is corrected so that the oxygen concentration becomes the set concentration, the oxygen concentration is supplied to the combustion furnace 16, so that the continuous flow in the product gas is performed. An excess or deficiency in the flow rate of combustion air due to combustible dust (char) or tar, which is difficult to measure, can be corrected, and the accuracy of combustion control can be improved.
【００２２】さらに、本実施の形態では、図１に示すよ
うに、燃焼炉１６からの排ガスの温度を排ガス温度検出
器４１によって検出し、この検出値に基づいて、流量調
節弁４０の弁開度を調節して排ガスの一部を燃焼炉１６
内に供給させ、燃焼炉１６内の燃焼温度のさらなる安定
化を図っている。これにより、燃焼温度を８５０℃〜９
００℃の間で高温に維持でき、ダイオキシン等の有害物
質の発生防止に有効となる。また、ボイラー入口ガス温
度が安定するので、ボイラーの安定運転にも有効であ
る。さらに、煙突３０から大気中への放出ガス量が低減
されることによって、煙突３０から排出される有害物質
の量を低減できる。Further, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the temperature of the exhaust gas from the combustion furnace 16 is detected by an exhaust gas temperature detector 41, and based on the detected value, the flow control valve 40 is opened. Adjust the temperature to remove a part of the exhaust gas
And the combustion temperature in the combustion furnace 16 is further stabilized. Thereby, the combustion temperature is set to 850 ° C. to 9
It can be maintained at a high temperature between 00 ° C., which is effective for preventing generation of harmful substances such as dioxin. Further, since the gas temperature at the boiler inlet is stabilized, it is effective for stable operation of the boiler. Further, since the amount of gas released from the chimney 30 to the atmosphere is reduced, the amount of harmful substances discharged from the chimney 30 can be reduced.
【００２３】[0023]
【発明の効果】請求項１〜３記載の廃棄物溶融炉生成ガ
ス燃焼炉の燃焼制御方法においては、廃棄物溶融炉に吹
き込まれる送風空気流量と、送風酸素流量と、廃棄物溶
融炉から発生する生成ガスの成分の分析値に基づいて、
理論燃焼空気流量を演算して、燃焼炉に供給する燃焼空
気流量を制御するようにしている。従って、燃焼炉内に
おける燃焼温度を安定させることができ、未燃ＣＯの発
生を防止することができる。また、燃焼炉の炉内温度の
安定化により、耐火物に与える熱衝撃が緩和でき、耐火
物の寿命延長を図ることができる。According to the combustion control method for a gas combustion furnace produced by a waste melting furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the flow rate of blast air blown into the waste melting furnace, the flow rate of blast oxygen, and the flow rate generated from the waste melting furnace. Based on the analysis of the components of the product gas
By calculating the theoretical combustion air flow rate, the combustion air flow rate supplied to the combustion furnace is controlled. Therefore, the combustion temperature in the combustion furnace can be stabilized, and the generation of unburned CO can be prevented. Further, by stabilizing the temperature in the furnace of the combustion furnace, the thermal shock given to the refractory can be reduced, and the life of the refractory can be extended.
【００２４】特に、請求項２記載の廃棄物溶融炉生成ガ
ス燃焼炉の燃焼制御方法においては、燃焼炉の出口から
の排ガス中の酸素量を分析し、酸素量が設定酸素量とな
るように燃焼空気流量を補正するようにしている。従っ
て、廃棄物溶融炉生成ガス燃焼炉の燃焼制御の精度をさ
らに高めることができ、燃焼炉の炉内温度をさらに安定
化することができ、未燃ＣＯの発生をより確実に防止す
ることができる。さらに、請求項３記載の廃棄物溶融炉
生成ガス燃焼炉の燃焼制御方法においては、燃焼炉の出
口からの排ガスを循環して燃焼炉内に吹き込み、燃焼炉
の出口温度等を制御することで燃焼炉内温度を高温で安
定化でき、ダイオキシン等の有害物質の発生を防止でき
る。また、煙突等から大気中への放出ガス量を低減で
き、煙突からの有害物質の排出量を低減できる。[0024] In particular, in the combustion control method for the gas combustion furnace produced by the waste melting furnace according to the second aspect, the amount of oxygen in the exhaust gas from the outlet of the combustion furnace is analyzed so that the oxygen amount becomes the set oxygen amount. The combustion air flow rate is corrected. Therefore, it is possible to further improve the accuracy of the combustion control of the waste-melting furnace generated gas combustion furnace, to further stabilize the furnace temperature of the combustion furnace, and to more reliably prevent the generation of unburned CO. it can. Further, in the combustion control method of the waste-melting furnace produced gas combustion furnace according to claim 3, the exhaust gas from the outlet of the combustion furnace is circulated and blown into the combustion furnace to control the temperature of the combustion furnace outlet and the like. The temperature in the combustion furnace can be stabilized at a high temperature, and generation of harmful substances such as dioxin can be prevented. Further, the amount of gas released from the chimney or the like to the atmosphere can be reduced, and the amount of harmful substances emitted from the chimney can be reduced.
【図１】本発明の一実施の形態に係る廃棄物溶融炉生成
ガス燃焼炉の燃焼制御方法を適用可能な廃棄物溶融処理
設備の概念的構成説明図である。FIG. 1 is a conceptual configuration explanatory diagram of a waste melting treatment facility to which a combustion control method for a waste melting furnace generated gas combustion furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention can be applied.
【図２】同方法の燃焼空気流量演算ブロック図である。FIG. 2 is a combustion air flow rate calculation block diagram of the same method.
【図３】同方法の燃焼空気流量制御のフローチャートで
ある。FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a combustion air flow rate control of the same method.
【図４】従来の廃棄物溶融処理設備の概念的構成説明図
である。FIG. 4 is a conceptual configuration explanatory view of a conventional waste melting treatment facility.
【図５】同燃焼制御説明図である。FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of the combustion control.
【図６】同廃棄物溶融炉で発生する生成ガスの発熱量の
変動を示すグラフである。FIG. 6 is a graph showing a change in a calorific value of a generated gas generated in the waste melting furnace.
【図７】同燃焼炉の炉内温度の変動を示すグラフであ
る。FIG. 7 is a graph showing fluctuations in the temperature inside the combustion furnace.
Ａ 廃棄物溶融処理設備 １０ 廃棄物溶
融炉 １０ａ 羽口 １１ 投入部 １２ 空気供給配管 １３ 酸素供給
配管 １４ 生成ガス出口 １５ ダクト １６ 燃焼炉 １７ 生成ガス
入口 １８ サイクロン １９ ダストホ
ッパー ２０ スクリュフィーダ ２１ａ １次燃
焼空気入口 ２１ｂ ２次燃焼空気入口 ２２ 燃焼空気
供給本管 ２２ａ １次燃焼空気供給配管 ２２ｂ ２次燃
焼空気供給配管 ２３ 燃焼空気送風機 ２４ 排ガス出
口 ２５ ダクト ２６ 廃熱ボイ
ラ ２７ 集塵機 ２８ 誘引送風
機 ２９ ダクト ３０ 煙突 ３１ 排ガス一部還流ダクト ３２ 一部還流
送風機 ３３ 送風空気流量検出器 ３４ 送風酸素
流量検出器 ３５ 生成ガス成分検出器 ３６ａ １次燃
焼空気流量調節弁 ３６ｂ ２次燃焼空気流量調節弁 ３７ 排ガス中
酸素検出器 ３８ 燃焼空気流量演算回路 ３９ 酸素補正
制御回路 ４０ 流量調節弁 ４１ 排ガス温
度検出器 ４２ 温度制御回路Reference Signs List A Waste melting treatment equipment 10 Waste melting furnace 10a Tuyere 11 Input section 12 Air supply pipe 13 Oxygen supply pipe 14 Generated gas outlet 15 Duct 16 Combustion furnace 17 Generated gas inlet 18 Cyclone 19 Dust hopper 20 Screw feeder 21a Primary combustion Air inlet 21b Secondary combustion air inlet 22 Combustion air supply main pipe 22a Primary combustion air supply pipe 22b Secondary combustion air supply pipe 23 Combustion air blower 24 Exhaust gas outlet 25 Duct 26 Waste heat boiler 27 Dust collector 28 Induction blower 29 Duct 30 Chimney 31 Exhaust gas partial reflux duct 32 Partial reflux blower 33 Blast air flow detector 34 Blast oxygen flow detector 35 Generated gas component detector 36a Primary combustion air flow control valve 36b Secondary combustion air flow control valve 37 Detection of oxygen in exhaust gas Vessel 38 combustion air flow rate calculation circuit 39 Oxygen correction control circuit 40 Flow control valve 41 Exhaust gas temperature detector 42 Temperature control circuit
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 戸高 光正 福岡県北九州市戸畑区大字中原46番地59 日鐵プラント設計株式会社内 (72)発明者 山内 俊次 福岡県北九州市戸畑区大字中原46番地59 日鐵プラント設計株式会社内 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Mitsumasa Todaka 46-59 Nakahara, Oaza, Tobata-ku, Kitakyushu-shi, Fukuoka Nippon Steel Plant Design Co., Ltd. Nippon Steel Plant Design Co., Ltd.
Claims (3)
焼する燃焼炉の燃焼制御方法であって、前記廃棄物溶融
炉に吹き込まれる送風空気流量と、送風酸素流量と、前
記廃棄物溶融炉から発生する前記生成ガスの成分の分析
値に基づいて、理論燃焼空気流量を演算し、該理論燃焼
空気流量に基づいて前記燃焼炉に供給する燃焼空気流量
を制御する廃棄物溶融炉生成ガス燃焼炉の燃焼制御方
法。1. A combustion control method for a combustion furnace for burning generated gas generated from a waste melting furnace, comprising: a flow rate of blast air blown into the waste melting furnace; a flow rate of blast oxygen; Calculating the theoretical combustion air flow rate based on the analysis value of the component of the product gas generated from the waste gas, and controlling the combustion air flow rate supplied to the combustion furnace based on the theoretical combustion air flow rate. Furnace combustion control method.
量を分析し、該酸素量が設定酸素量となるように前記燃
焼空気流量を補正するようにしたことを特徴とする請求
項１記載の廃棄物溶融炉生成ガス燃焼炉の燃焼制御方
法。2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the amount of oxygen in the exhaust gas from the outlet of the combustion furnace is analyzed, and the flow rate of the combustion air is corrected so that the amount of oxygen becomes a set amount of oxygen. The combustion control method of the waste melting furnace produced gas combustion furnace according to the above.
て該燃焼炉内に吹き込み、該燃焼炉の出口温度を制御す
るようにしたことを特徴とする請求項１又は２記載の廃
棄物溶融炉生成ガス燃焼炉の燃焼制御方法。3. The waste according to claim 1, wherein the exhaust gas from the outlet of the combustion furnace is circulated and blown into the combustion furnace to control the temperature of the outlet of the combustion furnace. A combustion control method for a gas furnace produced by a melting furnace.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP34673796A JP3621792B2 (en) | 1996-12-09 | 1996-12-09 | Combustion control method for waste melting furnace generated gas combustion furnace |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP34673796A JP3621792B2 (en) | 1996-12-09 | 1996-12-09 | Combustion control method for waste melting furnace generated gas combustion furnace |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH10169947A true JPH10169947A (en) | 1998-06-26 |
| JP3621792B2 JP3621792B2 (en) | 2005-02-16 |
Family
ID=18385480
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP34673796A Expired - Fee Related JP3621792B2 (en) | 1996-12-09 | 1996-12-09 | Combustion control method for waste melting furnace generated gas combustion furnace |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3621792B2 (en) |
-
1996
- 1996-12-09 JP JP34673796A patent/JP3621792B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3621792B2 (en) | 2005-02-16 |
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