JPH10176329A - Temporary anchor and temporary anchor execution working method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable the simple working of an underground structure, and facilitate the working or the like of the underground structure at a narrow place. SOLUTION: An end device 2 is provided with an inner tube 3 in which a large number of holes 15 are perforated in its center part, and a gasket 4 is externally fitted to the upper end part thereof for fixing a joint head 9 and a rubber elastic tube 11 in a hermetically sealed condition, and a slider 20 provided with a low body 17 and packing 24a, 24b is slidably connected to the lower end of the elastic tube 11 in a hermetically sealed condition. A reducer 22 equipped with a diameter-reduced part 21 is provided to the lowest end of the inner tube 3, and a steel ball 25 whose diameter is passable in the inner tube is dropped inside the inner tube 3 to seat on the diameter-reduced part 21 so that the lower end of the inner tube 3 is closed, and Drilling can be performed by a metal crown 23 at the lower end of the reducer 22.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a temporary anchor for constructing an underground structure such as a manhole or a basement and a method for constructing a temporary anchor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as an example of the construction of an underground structure, a shaft is generally provided for constructing a manhole, and a steel sheet pile method, a lightweight steel sheet pile method, a wood sheet pile method, and a steel sheet pile method are generally used.
Earth retaining work is being carried out by the steel horizontal sheet pile method, liner plate method, etc.
The chemical injection work for stopping water is performed to solidify the earth and sand near the wellhead to prevent the inflow, then the propulsion work is performed and the sewer pipe is laid, and then the manhole is installed.

[0003] However, in the above-mentioned manhole construction method and the like, a dedicated area used for construction is inevitably broadened because a manhole such as a manhole must be installed after the earth retaining material is once constructed. Existing houses and facilities will be damaged and traffic will be interrupted, causing inconvenience to nearby residents. In addition, since various complicated processes such as construction and removal of earth retaining members, installation of manholes, and the like must be performed, the construction period becomes longer, and the construction cost becomes higher. Even when performing small-diameter propulsion work, inflow of earth and sand is a problem because the vehicle starts from the earth retaining member.

[0004]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present applicant has previously proposed a method of press-fitting a manhole itself by using a rocking press or a rotary press.

However, in this method, for example, when a manhole having a large diameter is installed, it is necessary to increase the scale of a swing press machine or a swivel press machine. Will be greatly up. Also, in a small construction site, there is a possibility that the construction is difficult with the conventional technology. Due to these various circumstances,
There is a problem to be improved that the workability of the manhole actually constructed is limited. Further, not only manholes but also other types of underground structures such as basements have poor workability by sheet piles or the like. Further, in the case of a rectangular block, there is a problem that the swing press-fit and the swivel press-fit cannot be applied.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, it is a main object of the present invention to simplify the construction of an underground structure using a temporary anchor and to facilitate the construction of an underground structure in a small place. It is.

In view of the above problems, the invention of claim 1 has been made, and elastic sleeves having seals at both upper and lower ends are externally fitted to an inner tube, and the seal is provided at least at one end of the elastic sleeve. A temporary anchor provided with a slider provided, a hole formed in the inner tube, a joint provided at an upper end of the inner tube, and a tip device provided with a fluid closing device and a drilling member at a lower end. It is.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the fluid closing device constitutes a stop valve, a reducer having a reduced diameter portion fixed to a lower end of the inner tube, and a diameter allowing passage through the inner tube. 2. A steel ball which can be seated on the reduced diameter portion of the reducer.
Is a temporary anchor according to (1).

According to a third aspect of the present invention, a plurality of tubular rods are connected to an upper portion of the tubular tip device,
By drilling with the tip device, a temporary anchor composed of the tip device and the plurality of rods is buried in the ground, the lower end of the temporary anchor is closed, and a pressurized fluid is injected from the upper portion of the tip device to cut the temporary anchor. The elastic sleeve is expanded and fixed in the ground, the underground structure is built using the temporary anchor, and the elastic sleeve is contracted by extracting the pressurized fluid, and the temporary anchor is removed from the ground. An anchor construction method characterized in that: Thus, the object can be achieved as in the first aspect.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A temporary anchor according to an embodiment will be described below.
1 will be described with reference to the drawings. The feature of the temporary anchor-1 lies in its tip device 2. First, FIG. 1 shows the upper half of the tip device 2. The tip device 2 is provided with an inner tube 3 in the center, and a gasket 4 is fitted on the upper end thereof to form a joint head 9 and an elastic sleeve 11. And are fixed in a sealed state. That is, the gasket 4 includes an O-ring 5a, a sleeve-shaped bamboo shoot 7a having a sawtooth groove on the outside, and a sleeve-shaped caulking ring 13a having a sawtooth groove on the inside of the lower half. O-ring 5a
Is disposed on the inner peripheral portion at the lowermost end of the joint head 9 and is fitted around the bamboo shoot 7a. The bamboo shoot 7a is fitted around the inner tube 3, and an end 12a is fitted to the lower half of the outer peripheral portion thereof, and is crimped by a caulking ring 13a. Further, a nut 10 internally threaded is provided at the upper end of the joint head 9. A number of holes 15 are formed near the center of the inner tube 3. The elastic sleeve 11 is made of rubber (elastic rubber).
It is understood by those skilled in the art that various materials such as a material reinforced with a wire or the like can be adopted.

Next, FIG. 2 shows the lower half of the tip device 2, in which a slider 20 having a row body 17 and packings 24a, 24b is vertically sealed in a closed state at the lower end of the elastic sleeve 11 (see arrows). ) Slidably connected. The packing 24a includes an O-ring 5b, a sleeve-shaped bamboo shoot 7b having a sawtooth groove on the outside, and a sleeve-shaped caulking ring 13b having a sawtooth groove on the inside of the lower half. The packing 24b includes the O-ring 5c and the V packing 19. The O-ring 5b is disposed on the inner peripheral portion of the uppermost end of the row body 17, and is fitted around the bamboo shoot 7b. Bamboo shoot 7
b is externally fitted to the inner tube 3, an end portion 12 b is fitted to the upper half of the outer peripheral portion thereof, and a caulking 13
It is caulked at b. Such a structure is to improve sealing performance and the like since the elastic sleeve 11 expands and pressure is applied. The O-ring 5c and the V-packing 19 are fitted inside the inner peripheral surface of the row body-17.

As shown in FIG. 2, a reducer 22 having a reduced diameter portion 21 is provided at the lowermost end of the inner tube 3. The steel ball 25 as shown by the dotted line in FIG. 1 has a diameter capable of passing through the inner tube 3, falls inside the inner tube 3, sits on the reduced diameter portion 21, and lowers the lower end of the inner tube 3. It can be closed.
Therefore, the reduced diameter portion 21, the reducer 22, and the steel ball 25 constitute a stop valve. Furthermore, reducer 22
Is provided with a metal crown 23 at the lower end thereof so that drilling is possible.

The operation of the tip device 2 will be described with reference to FIGS. The tip device 2 is connected to a boring machine 27 (FIG. 7).
(See below). Then, as shown in FIG. 3, the steel ball 25 is dropped from above the joint head 9, passes through the inner tube 3, and is seated on the reduced diameter portion 21.
When pressurized water is pumped from the upper part of the inner tube 3, water spouts out of the hole 15 of the inner tube 3 and the elastic sleeve 11 expands as shown in FIG. 4, whereby the slider 20 and the packings 24 a and 24 b are integrally formed. Slide upward (see arrow). Since the elastic sleeve 11 receives a pressure (reaction force) from the ground with respect to the expansion force of the elastic sleeve 11, the elastic sleeve 11 is pressed from the surroundings and usually has a drum shape.
Then, when the pressure is reduced and water is drained, the elastic sleeve 11 is contracted by the elastic force, and the slider 20 and the packing 24 are slid integrally downward, and the temporary anchor-1 is brought into the state shown in FIG. Return. A detailed description will be given later.

Next, based on FIG. 5 to FIG.
An anchor construction method using the temporary anchor-1 provided with the anchor will be described. This is applied to press-fitting of the manhole 31 (see FIG. 14). Temporary anchor-1 is tip device 2.
And a plurality of tubular rods 28. The distal end device 2 and the rod 28 can be detachably connected to each other in a straight tubular shape by screws.

Manhole 31 using temporary anchor-1
The construction procedure will be described. (1) Confirm the presence or absence of existing buried objects (gas pipes, water pipes, etc.), install a boring machine 27 on a gantry 26, and attach the tip device 2 to the boring machine 27 as shown in FIG. .

(2) As shown in FIG. 5 (b), while connecting the rods 28 to the tip device 2, and further connecting the rods 28, the boring machine 27 is driven by hydraulic pressure to rotate the temporary anchor-1. While drilling with the metal crown 23, water is injected into the temporary anchor 1 so that water spouts from the tip of the tip device 2. Then, as shown in FIG. 5C, when the hole reaches the design depth, the drilling is completed.

(3) The operations of (1) and (2) are repeated to install four temporary anchors-1 as shown in FIG. FIG.
As shown in (d), the steel ball 25 is thrown in from the upper end of the temporary anchor-1, dropped, and seated on the reduced diameter portion 21 shown in FIG. Further, a cap 29 is attached to each of the temporary anchors 1, a valve (not shown) is opened, and water (an example of a pressurized fluid) pressurized by a pump or the like is injected. Then, as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG.
Is closed, the elastic sleeve 11 expands, whereby the tip device 2 functions as an anchor, and the temporary anchor-1 is temporarily fixed (anchored) to the ground. After doing so, the valve (not shown) is closed to maintain the function of the anchor. Although a compressible fluid such as air cannot be applied, the fixing force is inferior to that of an incompressible fluid such as water. In this case, the pressure of the water is
Is about 10 to 30 kg / square centimeter.

(4) As shown in FIG. 6, FIG. 9A to FIG.
The lower manhole frame 32 shown in FIG. That is, the lower manhole frame 32 described later is lifted and moved by a small crane (not shown) and arranged. The structure of the lower manhole body 32 itself will be described later.

(5) As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, a pair of press-fitting devices 80 are fixed to the upper end of the rod 28. The press-fitting device 80 is an example. To explain this, the horizontal frame 81 is fixed to the rod 28 by a fixture 82, and the horizontal frame 81, the horizontal frame 83
Between them, four jacks 85 as an example of a hydraulic actuator are interposed. As shown in FIG. 7, the lower manhole frame 32 is press-fitted by driving the jack 85 (see the arrow). When the lower manhole frame 32 is press-fitted to some extent, the press-fitting device 80 is moved,
Secure again and push down repeatedly. In this case,
Since the tip device 2 is in the inflated state as shown in FIG. 4, the temporary anchor-1 is fixed in the ground, a reaction force against the press-in force is generated, and the press-in is effectively performed. FIG.
As shown by, excavation is performed by the excavator 30 to discharge earth and sand.
Then, after press-fitting the lower manhole frame 32, the press-fitting device 80 is pulled out from the rod 28.

(6) An intermediate manhole frame 35 shown in FIGS. 10A to 10D is connected to the lower manhole frame 32 shown in FIGS. 9A to 9C. The structure of the lower manhole body 32 will be described later. That is, by welding the cylindrical member 42 and the cylindrical member 51, the lower manhole frame 32 and the intermediate manhole frame 35 are connected. The intermediate manhole frame 35 is press-fitted in the same manner as shown in (5). After press-fitting the intermediate manhole frame 35, the press-fitting device 80 is removed from the rod 28. The structure of the intermediate manhole body 35 itself will be described later.

(7) On the intermediate manhole frame 35,
The connection casing 100 shown in FIGS. 11A to 11C is connected. That is, the cylindrical member 52 and the connection casing 100 are connected. The connection casing 100 is press-fitted in the same manner as shown in (6). The structure of the connection casing 100 itself will be described later.

(8) As shown in FIG. 13, the foundation underwater concrete 37 is poured while confirming the designed floor digging depth. A propulsion machine (not shown) is set on the basic underwater concrete 37, the main pipe is propelled while drilling a horizontal hole, and the small propulsion pipes 34a and 34b are attached. The small propulsion machine is removed, mortar for height adjustment is installed, and the invert 38 is installed.

(9) The upper manhole frame 36 is mounted on the intermediate manhole frame 35. That is, the adjustment unit 61, the side mass 60, the receiving frame 62, the lid 68, and the step 69 are attached.

(10) The connection between the connecting casing 100 and the intermediate manhole frame 35 is released by the cotter, and the soil and sand are backfilled. After that, the connecting casing 100 is separated from the intermediate manhole frame 35 and removed.
As shown in (e), when the valve (not shown) is opened, the temporary anchor-1 is pulled out, and when the construction of the manhole is completed, the one shown in FIG. 14 is completed.

Although the intermediate manhole body 35 is employed as a component of the present embodiment, a construction method that does not use the intermediate manhole body 35 is also possible. Instead, the adjusting section 61 is made to be long. It is also possible. It is also possible to connect one additional connecting casing 100. In this case, since the structure and construction method of the manhole frame are the same as those in the above-described example, the description is omitted.

Next, the manhole 31 will be described with reference to FIG.
The manhole 31 shown in FIG. 1 is welded on the lower manhole frame 32 (which is connected to and communicates with the small-mouth propulsion pipes 34a and 34b via the water stop 33). The intermediate manhole body 35 is connected to the upper manhole body 36 and connected to the upper part of the intermediate manhole body 35 by welding.

In the lower manhole frame 32 shown in FIGS. 9A to 9C, a steel member 41 is fitted and fixed to a lower end of a cylindrical concrete 40, and a steel cylindrical member 42 is fitted to an upper end edge. They are stuck together. Cylindrical steel member 41
Reinforcing bars 48 as reinforcing bars are vertically fixed (welded) to the inner peripheral surface of the upper end at predetermined intervals, and they are connected to a cylindrical concrete 40.
Embedded in the periphery of the lower end portion of Similarly, a reinforcing bar 48 as a reinforcing bar is vertically fixed (welded) to the inner peripheral surface of the steel cylindrical member 42 at a predetermined interval, and the reinforcing bars 48 are connected to the concrete 40.
Embedded in the periphery of the top end of The inner peripheral surface of the lower end of the concrete 40 is tapered in order to reduce the resistance at the time of press-fitting. The above elements are integrally manufactured in a manhole manufacturing process to form a lower manhole body 32. Further, two through holes are formed in the wall of the lower manhole frame 32, and a water stop 33 is fixed to the through holes. Since the water stop device 33 is attached to the manhole frame 32 and pre-installed, water and earth and sand do not enter the manhole at the time of mirror cutting at the start of the small-diameter propulsion construction method,
Smooth small-diameter propulsion work can be performed.

Next, in the intermediate manhole frame 35 shown in FIGS. 10A to 10D, steel cylindrical members 51 and 52 are fitted and fixed to the upper and lower ends of the concrete 50, respectively. 35 is the lower manhole frame 3
2 and the upper manhole frame 36 are vertically connected by welding. The welding prevents the frames from being separated. Reinforcing bars 58 as reinforcing bars are vertically fixed (welded) at predetermined intervals to the inner peripheral surface at the lower end of the steel cylindrical member 51, and they are embedded and integrated into the peripheral edge of the lower end of the cylindrical concrete 50. ing. Similarly, a reinforcing bar 58 as a reinforcing bar is vertically fixed (welded) to the inner peripheral surface of the steel cylindrical member 52 at predetermined intervals, and these are connected to the cylindrical concrete 5.
It is buried in the periphery of the upper end of the zero. Steel cylindrical member 5
2 includes male guide cotters 53 and 54 and female guide cotters 5
5, 56 are arranged alternately, which is convenient for alignment. Each of them is provided with a bolt mounting hole 57, and the displacement of the guide cotter can be prevented by the bolt and the nut.

FIG. 12 shows a steel connection casing 100.
Are male guide cotters 103 and 104 having bolt mounting holes 107 at their lower ends, and female guide cotters 10
5, 106 are provided. Connection casing 100
Is detachably connected to the intermediate manhole frame 5. That is, the two can be joined to each other exactly in dimension, and the male guide cotters 53, 5
4 and female guide cotters 105 and 106, and female guide cotters 55 and 56 and male guide cotters 10
3 and 104, and the bolt mounting holes 57 and 10
7 are fixed with bolts and nuts.

The upper manhole frame 36 shown in FIGS. 13 and 14 includes an adjusting portion 61 vertically connected to the upper end of the intermediate manhole frame 35, a side mass 60 vertically connected to the upper end of the adjusting portion 61, It comprises a receiving frame 62 fixed to the upper end of the block 60 with bolts, nuts, and washers (not shown), and a lid 68 that is detachable from the receiving frame 62. A step 69 is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the upper manhole frame 36. Step 69 is attached in the final step of the manhole construction work, and is attached only to the upper half.

Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and many technical solutions may be provided without departing from the technical idea of the present invention. Of course, changes can be made.
As an example, the manhole frame itself is not limited to the material of the embodiment, and may be not only a material made of concrete, but also other materials suitable for swiveling press fitting, such as ductile, FRP, steel and the like. Further, the number of through holes is not limited to two, and any number of through holes can be employed. Further, the temporary anchor-1 is not limited to the construction of the manhole, but may be an underground structure, for example, a septic tank or another type of underground structure such as construction of a basement (press-fitting a square concrete block). It is of course possible to apply.

Further, although the slider 20 is provided, it is also possible to mount the slider on the upper and lower sides of the elastic sleeve 11 so as to slide both the upper and lower ends. On the other hand, a structure in which the slider 20 is provided on the upper end of the elastic sleeve 11 and the lower end of the elastic sleeve 11 is fixed to the lower end of the inner tube 3 can also be adopted. In any case, at least one slider 20 may be attached to the elastic sleeve 11.

In the embodiment, the manhole 3 having a large diameter is used.
Although the primary focus is 1, it is a matter of course that the present invention can be applied to a manhole 31 having a small diameter.

[0034]

As described above, the inventions according to the first to third aspects have the effect of simplifying the construction of a large underground structure or the construction of an underground structure in a narrow place. .
Further, there is an effect that the removal is extremely simple and the temporary anchor can be used repeatedly.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an upper half part of a temporary anchor according to the present embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a lower half of a temporary anchor according to the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the temporary anchor of the present embodiment in a normal state.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the temporary anchor of the present embodiment in an expanded state.

5A is an explanatory view showing a construction state in which a temporary anchor is set in a boring machine, FIG. 5B is an explanatory view showing a construction state in which a rod of the temporary anchor is pressed in while being connected, and FIG. Explanatory drawing of a state where the press-fitting of the temporary anchor is completed, (d) is an explanatory view showing a construction state in which a cap is attached to the temporary anchor, and pressurized water is injected therefrom, and (e) is a construction state in which the temporary anchor is pulled out after decompression. FIG.

FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a construction state in which a manhole is press-fitted.

FIG. 7 is a front view showing a construction state in which a manhole is press-fitted.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory front view showing a construction state of manhole press-fitting using a temporary anchor.

9A is a plan view of a lower manhole frame, and FIG.
FIG. 3 is a front view of the lower manhole frame, and FIG. 3C is a partial longitudinal sectional view of the lower manhole frame.

FIG. 10A is a plan view of an intermediate manhole frame,
(B) is a front view of the guide cotter, (c) is a front view of the intermediate manhole body, and (d) is a partial longitudinal sectional view of the intermediate manhole body.

11A is a plan view of a connecting casing, FIG. 11B is a front view of a male guide cotter, and FIG. 11C is a front view of the connecting casing.

FIG. 12 is a front view of the manhole frame before the connection casing is removed.

FIG. 13 is a longitudinal sectional view of FIG.

FIG. 14 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view of the manhole in a state after the manhole frame is connected and buried in the ground.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Temporary anchor 2 Tip device 4 Gasket 9 Joint head 11 Elastic sleeve 15 Hole 17 Low body 20 Slider 21 Reduced diameter part 22 Reducer 23 Metal crown 24a, 24b Packing 25 Steel ball 27 Boring machine 31 Manhole 80 Press-in device 80

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. An elastic sleeve having seals at both upper and lower ends is fitted to an inner tube, a slider having the seal is provided at at least one end of the elastic sleeve, and a hole is formed in the inner tube. A temporary anchor comprising a joint at the upper end of a tube and a tip device having a fluid closing device and a drilling member at a lower end. 2. A reducer, wherein the fluid closing device constitutes a stop valve, and a reducer provided with a reduced diameter portion fixed to a lower end of an inner tube; and a diameter capable of passing through the inner tube. The temporary anchor according to claim 1, comprising a steel ball capable of being seated. 3. A temporary anchor comprising the tip device and the plurality of rods is grounded by drilling the tip device while connecting a plurality of tubular rods to an upper portion of the tubular tip device. , The lower end of the temporary anchor is closed, and pressurized fluid is injected from above to expand the elastic sleeve of the tip device and fix it in the ground, and construct the underground structure using the temporary anchor. And removing the pressurized fluid, thereby contracting the elastic sleeve, and removing the temporary anchor from the ground.