JPH10176332A - Greening structure of surface of slope, surface of wall, or the like - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent the banking material from becoming sterile due to the discharging action of the geotextile that has been laid down under the bottom wall part of a lattice frame fence by the supply of nourishment, in the greening structure of a surface of slope, surface of wall, or the like using a lattice frame fence. SOLUTION: One stage is constituted by a lattice frame fence 5 consisting of a sloped front wall part 6 made of a reinforced lattice and a horizontal bottom wall part 7 and that is installed in front of the surface of slope, a nonwoven cloth 3 as a geotextile laid under the bottom wall part 7, and banking material 9 that has been filled between the lattice frame fence 5 and the surface of slope; and this stage is multistagely stacked from below to above. A nourishment supply member 10 in which a manure 12 for supplying nourishment to the banking material 9 is put in a water-permiable bag 11 is added to the rear side of the front wall part 6 so as to be extended in the horizontal direction in the intermediate height position.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a greening structure for slopes, walls and the like using a lattice frame fence.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Rock slopes, concrete / mortar spray slopes, and walls of concrete structures such as retaining walls and dams,
Because there are many problems on landscape conservation, introduction of protection and greening by vegetation is considered. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 4-213625 discloses that a grid frame fence composed of an inclined front wall and a horizontal bottom wall made of a reinforced grid is installed in front of a slope, and a grid frame fence is provided below the bottom wall of the grid frame fence. Reinforcement fleece is laid on the front of the lattice fence and the top of the bottom wall, and a greening sheet is laid.Filling material is filled between the lattice fence and the slope. A greening structure of a slope constructed in multiple stages by repeating from above to above is disclosed. This greening structure can be constructed even on steep slopes and has excellent points such as good construction efficiency.

In the above-mentioned greening structure, the reinforcing fleece (reinforcement member) spreads over the bottom wall portion into the embankment material, and serves to anchor the grid frame fence to the embankment material and to stabilize the embankment material. For this reason, the bottom wall can be shortened, and transportation of the lattice frame fence becomes easy. Examples of such reinforcing members include geotextiles such as knitted fabrics, woven fabrics, nonwoven fabrics and combinations thereof made of fiber materials, and geotextiles made of non-fiber materials (resins and the like) such as geonets, geogrids, and combinations thereof. And is known.
In particular, according to the geotextile, the function of guiding the water contained in the embankment material to the front and draining the water is also performed by the capillary phenomenon of the fiber material.

[0004]

However, since the water guided by the geotextile flows down from the front edge of the geotextile along the front of the embankment material thereunder, the front of the embankment material is cut off or the embankment material is cut off. The nutrients flowed, and the embankment material became thin, which had a negative effect on greening.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a greenery structure such as a slope and a wall using a grid frame fence having excellent points such as being able to be constructed even on a steep slope and having good construction efficiency. It is an object of the present invention to provide a greening structure that can prevent the thinning of the embankment material due to the drainage action of the geotextile laid under the part by supplying nutrients.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is directed to a reinforced steel grid comprising an inclined front wall portion and a horizontal bottom wall portion, which are provided in front of a surface to be protected such as a slope or a wall. A grid frame fence, a geotextile as a reinforcing member laid under the bottom wall of the grid frame fence, and an embankment material filled between the grid frame fence and the surface to be protected. A step is configured, and in a greening structure such as a slope, a wall surface, or the like constructed in multiple steps by stacking the step from the bottom to the top, a fertilizer that can supply nutrients to the embankment material is put in a permeable container. A nutrient replenishing member is provided so as to extend laterally to the rear side or the front side of the front wall portion.

Here, the "slope" which is one of the surfaces to be protected is described.
The type of rock is not particularly limited,
Examples include mortar spraying slopes, cut slopes, and embankment slopes. Similarly, the type of the “wall surface” is not particularly limited, and may be a wall surface of a concrete structure such as a retaining wall or a dam.

The "fill material" may be a fill material alone, or may be a material obtained by mixing rock, clinker ash, fly ash, asphalt waste material and the like with the fill material. The embankment material is preferably soil at the construction site, but may be soil carried from another place.
The size of the rock is not particularly limited.
Includes 礫 75 mm gravels.

Examples of the "geotextile" include a knitted fabric, a woven fabric, a nonwoven fabric, a combination thereof, and the like made of a fiber material. In particular, a thick, high-strength nonwoven fabric is preferred. Geotextile has the effect of mooring the grid frame fence to the embankment material,
It has the function of stabilizing the embankment material and the function of drainage.

The end of the geotextile can be fixed to the surface to be protected. In this case, the reinforcing member has the same effect as the next anchor.

Further, the anchor can be fixed to the surface to be protected and the grid frame fence can be connected to the anchor with a connecting member, so that the grid frame fence can be prevented from moving. The shape and length of the anchor can be appropriately determined according to the surface to be protected.
The connecting material is not particularly limited as long as it has a sufficiently high strength to connect and hold the grid frame fence to the anchor.
Examples include a metal chain, a synthetic resin rope, and a glass fiber rope. Regarding the method of connecting the anchor and the connecting member, even in a mode in which a locking portion is provided on the anchor and one end of the connecting member is directly connected to the locking portion, the mounting member extending along the surface to be protected is fixed to the anchor. Then, an embodiment may be adopted in which one end of the connecting member is connected to the anchor member so as to be indirectly connected to the anchor. Examples of the attachment material include a rod material, a pipe material, an angle material, and a rail material.

[0012] The "permeable container" of the "nutrient replenishing member" includes a bag made of a knitted fabric, a woven fabric, a nonwoven fabric, a biodegradable material film (a biodegradable material will be described later), a wire mesh, and the like. A basket made of a resin net or the like can be exemplified. The container may contain a soil conditioner, a water retention agent, artificial soil, seeds or a combination thereof together with fertilizer. The following example can be given as a way of adding the nutrient supply member. The nutrient replenishing member is provided so as to be buried in the embankment material at an intermediate height position or a lower position on the rear side of the front wall portion. The nutrient supply member is held by a part of the net, and is attached to the rear or front side of the front wall together with the net.

It is preferable that a greening sheet is provided on the rear surface of the front wall of the lattice frame fence and on the upper surface of the bottom wall. The sheet for greening can prevent spilling and erosion of the filler, does not hinder the growth of the plant, and is not particularly limited as long as it is water-permeable, and examples thereof include a slightly coarse cloth and water-soluble paper. it can. One of the preferable ones is greening made of a biodegradable material that is decomposed and disappeared by microorganisms such as bacteria in the soil (the bacteria in the soil are called bacteria and include bacteria, filamentous fungi, actinomycetes, etc.). Sheet.
Examples of the biodegradable material include a starch compound, a protein compound, a vinyl emulsion compound, a polylactic acid compound, a blend of starch and a resin, and at least one selected from these. After the seeds germinate and grow and the construction surface is stabilized, the greening sheet made of the biodegradable material is decomposed by microorganisms in the soil and eventually loses its shape because it cannot maintain its shape.

It is preferable that a vegetation material including soil, seeds, and the like be attached to a filler or a greening sheet that appears through the front wall of the lattice frame fence. As this vegetation material, artificial soil, a sprayed layer formed by spraying a mixture of seeds, etc.
An example is a sandbag containing seeds or the like. The spray layer is made by spraying materials such as artificial soil, seeds, fertilizer, curing agent (coagulant to stabilize the spray layer) and soil activator (to activate microorganisms). A spraying layer having a thickness of about 10 to 30 mm by the "soil spraying method", or a thickness of about 30 to 100 mm (or more) by the so-called "thick layer base material spraying method" in which the same material is sprayed dry.
A spray layer can be illustrated. Seeds are at the construction site soil, construction season,
It is appropriately selected according to weather conditions and the like. The spray layer may be a single layer or a plurality of layers.

The inclination angle formed by the front wall portion of the lattice frame fence and the bottom wall portion may be constant at all stages, but may be set larger for each stage or for each of a plurality of stages. Specifically, the following modes (a), (b), and (c) can be exemplified. (A)
The inclination angle of the front wall portion of the first stage (lowest stage) is, for example, 60 degrees, and the inclination angles of the front wall portions of the second stage or more are 62 degrees, 64 degrees, respectively.
Degrees, 66 degrees, 68 degrees, etc.
An aspect that is set so as to increase by degrees. The increment of the inclination angle may be constant between the stages or may be changed in the middle (for example, in the same example, 60 degrees, 64 degrees, 67 degrees, 69 degrees, 7 degrees).
0 degrees ...). (B) The inclination angle of the front wall of the first to third steps is, for example, 60 degrees, and the inclination angle of the front wall of the fourth to sixth steps is, for example, 64 degrees. An aspect that is set so as to increase by degrees. The increment of the inclination angle may be constant between the stages or may be changed in the middle. (C) An embodiment in which the embodiment (a) and the embodiment (b) are mixed.

Further, a part of the reinforcing bar constituting the grid frame fence (for example, a part requiring particularly high strength) may be thicker than other reinforcing bars. Thereby, it is possible to prevent a phenomenon in which a part of the rebar is bent and deformed to the front side due to the pressure of the filler or the like.

[0017]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

<< First Embodiment >> FIGS. 1 and 2 show a greening structure of a rock slope according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The greening structure is constructed by the following steps. The rock slope 1 is, for example, a steep slope of about 60 degrees.

[Step of installing grid frame fence] In the first stage, as shown in FIG.
A thick nonwoven fabric 3, which is a typical geotextile, is laid, and a required number of lattice frame fences 5 are arranged side by side on the nonwoven fabric 3. As shown in FIG. 1, the lattice frame fence 5 includes an inclined front wall portion 6 and a horizontal bottom wall portion 7. As an example of a manufacturing method, a reinforcing bar is welded in a vertical and horizontal lattice shape (specifically, arc welding). Is formed by bending a reinforcing bar lattice formed by welding at the center. The upper end of the front wall 6 and the rear end of the bottom wall 7 may be connected by a connecting rod with a hook or the like. The nonwoven fabric 3 is spread to the rock slope 1 side beyond the rear end of the bottom wall 7. Reference numeral 15 denotes a pile for fixing the bottom wall 7 of the lattice frame fence 5 to the nonwoven fabric 3. The distance between the front wall portion 6 of the lattice frame fence 5 and the rock slope 1 is not particularly limited, and is, for example, about 2000 to 50 in the present embodiment.
00 mm.

The dimensions and the like of the lattice frame fence 5 used in the present embodiment are as follows, but are merely examples, and these dimensions and the like are appropriately changed according to the construction site. Angle of inclination of front wall 6 with bottom wall 7: about 60 degrees Length of inclination of front wall 6: about 600 mm Depth of bottom wall 7: about 600 mm Left and right length of front wall 6 and bottom wall 7: about 2600mm Diameter of reinforcing bar: about 10mm Grid pitch of reinforcing bar grid: 100 to 300mm

[Greening sheet laying step] A slightly rough greening sheet 8 is laid on the rear surface of the front wall 6 of the lattice frame fence 5 and the upper surface of the bottom wall 7. It is preferable that the upper end of the greening sheet 8 be slightly left behind and temporarily suspended on the front surface of the front wall portion 6 (not shown). The greening sheet 8 is not limited to a specific material, and examples thereof include a woven fabric and a nonwoven fabric.

[Filling material filling step and nutrient replenishing member adding step] Between the lattice fence 5 and the rock slope 1, the filling material is used up to the intermediate height position of the front wall portion 6 by using the soil at the site. 9 and the embankment material 9 is compacted by rolling with an impact roller or the like. The dotted line in FIG. 2 shows the upper surface 9 a of the compacted embankment material 9.

On the embankment material 9 and immediately behind the front wall portion 6 and the greening sheet 8, a nutrient supply member 10 is provided so as to extend in the lateral direction. This nutrient supply member 10
Is made by putting a slow-release fertilizer 12, a soil conditioner, and a water retention agent into a long and thin bag 11 made of a knitted fabric or the like and sealing the bag.

Subsequently, the embankment material 9 is filled up to the height of the upper end of the front wall portion 6, and the embankment material 9 is compacted by an impact roller or the like. The remaining upper end of the greening sheet 8 is placed on the upper surface of the embankment material 9. This forms the first stage.

[Multi-stage repetition process] On the upper surface of the embankment material 9, the above-described lattice frame fence installation process, greening sheet laying process, embankment material filling process, and nutrient replenishment member adding process are performed, and the second stage is performed. Form. This operation is repeated from the bottom to the top to construct the lattice frame fence 5 and the embankment material 9 in multiple stages. In the uppermost lattice frame fence 5, the upper end of the vertical reinforcing bar of the front wall portion 6 is bent rearward and downward (not shown).

[Spraying Layer Forming Step] On the front surface of the greening sheet 8 that appears through the reinforcing grid of the front wall 6 of the grid frame fence 5,
A spray layer 16 including seeds and artificial soil is spray-formed. In the present embodiment, the spray layer 16 having a thickness of about 60 mm was formed by the above-mentioned “thick layer base material spraying method”.

According to the greening structure of the rock slope 1 constructed by the above-described method, the use of the grid frame fence 5 enables the construction even on a steep slope. Available, easy to construct, does not require much manpower, has good construction efficiency, can shorten construction period, can easily cope with curved rock slope 1, can use on-site soil as embankment material 9, etc. The effect of is obtained.

Since the spraying layer 16 containing seeds and artificial soil is spray-formed on the front surface of the greening sheet 8, the germination and growth of the seeds are better than when the seeds are simply incorporated in the greening sheet. Primary vegetation by germination of seeds such as Western turf can be achieved in a short period of time. After that, the woody plants grow.

The nonwoven fabric 3 as a reinforcing member spreads in the embankment material 9 beyond the bottom wall portion 7, and functions to anchor the lattice frame fence 5 to the embankment material 9 and to stabilize the embankment material 9. In particular, since the nonwoven fabric 3 has high strength, it is not easily cut even by earth pressure, and has a strong reinforcing effect. In addition, nonwoven fabric 3
Has a function of guiding the water contained in the embankment material 9 to the front and draining the water by the capillary action of the fiber material, so that the embankment material 9 is not likely to be softened even if there is a large amount of rainfall.

Also in this embodiment, the water guided by the non-woven fabric 3 is supplied from the front edge of the non-woven fabric 3 to the embankment material 9 thereunder.
The front part 13 of the embankment material 9
May be scraped off or nutrients of the embankment material 9 may flow. However, the flowing water also infiltrates the nutrient replenishing member 10 attached to the front wall portion 6, and gradually releases the slow-acting fertilizer 12 and the like in the nutrient replenishing member 10. Since the melted-out slow-release fertilizer 12 and the like replenish nutrients to the embankment material 9, the embankment material 9 caused by the flowing water can be prevented from becoming thin and greening can be promoted.

Second Embodiment Next, FIG. 3 shows a greening structure of a rock slope 1 according to a second embodiment, in which the nutrient supply member 10 is located at a lower position on the rear side of the front wall 6. An anchor 32 is fixed to the attached point and the rock slope 1 and the anchor 3
2, the point at which the grid frame fence 5 is connected by the connecting material 34 and the inclination angle formed by the front wall 6 and the bottom wall 7 of the grid frame fence 5 are set to be larger toward the upper side (specifically, the first stage ( The second embodiment differs from the first embodiment only in that the inclination angle of the lowermost stage is, for example, about 50 degrees, and the inclination angles of the second and higher stages are increased by 1 to 5 degrees for each stage.)

In the present embodiment, a large number of mounting holes 31 are provided on the rock slope 1 at intervals in the vertical and horizontal directions, and an anchor 32 made of a metal rod is inserted into each mounting hole 31, and mortar, adhesive,
It is fixed with a filler 33 such as resin. A ring-shaped locking portion is formed at the front end of the anchor 32.

After the grid frame fence 5 is installed, the grid frame fence 5 is connected to the anchor 32 by the connecting member 34. Connecting material 34
Is an assembly, which comprises two hooks 35 made of a thick metal plate and a wire 36 formed of a metal stranded wire connecting the hooks 35. If each hook 35 is hooked on the locking portion between the grid frame fence 5 and the anchor 32, the grid frame fence 5 can be easily connected to the anchor 32. The connection point of the lattice frame fence 5 may be the front wall part 6 or the bottom wall part 7, but a horizontal reinforcing bar at the lower part of the front wall part 6 or a horizontal reinforcing bar of the bottom wall part 7 is appropriate. It is preferable to have at least two places.

According to the present embodiment, in addition to the effects of the first embodiment, even if the depth of the embankment material 9 is reduced to 2000 mm or less (for example, about 500 mm), the grid frame connected to the anchor 32 by the connection material 34. The fence 5 holds the embankment material 9 to prevent its collapse. Therefore, even if there is a gutter, a road, a land boundary, etc. just in front of the lower end of the rock slope 1, and the width of the land 2 is narrow, construction can be easily performed.

By setting the inclination angle of the front wall portion 6 as described above, the inclination angle of the front wall portion 6 can be reduced on the lower side where the earth pressure is large, and the force withstanding the earth pressure of the embankment material 9 can be reduced. Can be secured. In addition, the inclination angle of the front wall portion 6 can be increased as the earth pressure becomes lower, so that the upper shoulder (not shown) moves forward, and the effective area of the top end surface can be increased.

<< Third Embodiment >> Next, FIG. 4 and FIG.
The greening structure of the rock slope 1 according to the third embodiment is shown, and is different from the first embodiment only in that a net 21 with a nutrient supply member 10 is attached to the front side of the front wall 6. . Although the spray layer is omitted in FIG. 4 for simplification of the drawing, it is preferable to actually provide the spray layer.

The net 21 is made of synthetic fiber such as nylon or polyethylene, and the nutrient replenishing members 10 are fixed at predetermined intervals using the mesh. The nutrient replenishing member 10 is formed by putting a slow-acting fertilizer 12, a soil conditioner and a water retention agent into a long and thin bag 11 made of polyester nonwoven fabric or the like. There is an advantage that the nutrient replenishing member 10 can be provided so as to extend in the lateral direction immediately before the front wall portion 6 only by expanding the net 21 to the front side of the front wall portion 6. The predetermined interval of the nutrient supply member 10 is not particularly limited,
300-600 m to attach to the front wall 6 of each step
It is preferable to select in the range of m.

According to this embodiment, the same effects as those of the first embodiment can be obtained. Also, the net 2 has the net 2
This has the effect of preventing the sprayed layer formed after spreading 1 from flowing out.

<Fourth Embodiment> Next, FIG. 6 shows a greening structure of a rock slope 1 according to a fourth embodiment, in which a net 21 with a nutrient replenishing member 10 is connected to the front wall 6 of each step. The third embodiment differs from the third embodiment only in that it is attached to the rear side. Although the spray layer is omitted in FIG. 6 for simplification of the drawing,
In practice, it is preferable to provide a spray layer.

<Fifth Embodiment> Next, FIG. 7 shows a fifth embodiment in which a greening structure of the wall surface of the concrete retaining wall block is used, and differs from the first embodiment only in the following points. .

The wall surface 41 of the concrete retaining wall block 40
Is a steep slope of about 90 degrees. A large number of mounting holes 42 are formed in the wall surface 41, the anchor 43 is inserted into the mounting hole 42, and the filler 43 is filled to fix the anchor 43. A mounting member 45 extending vertically along the wall surface 41 is attached to a locking portion formed at the front end of the anchor 43. Connect both ends of the connecting member 46 made of metal wire to the grid frame fence 5
And the attachment material 45, thereby connecting the lattice frame fence 5 to the anchor 43.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be embodied with appropriate modifications without departing from the spirit of the invention.

(1) In each embodiment, as a reinforcing member, a geotextile made of a fiber material and a geotextile-related product (a geogrid, a geonet, etc.) made of a non-fiber material are used for each stage, a plurality of stages, or an irregular stage. Use alternately. In each embodiment, the end of the reinforcing member is extended and fixed to a surface to be protected such as a slope or a wall surface. FIG. 8 shows a modification of the first embodiment in which each end of the nonwoven fabric 3 and the geogrid 4 used alternately in each stage is extended and fixed to the rock slope 1 with the holding plate 24 and the pile 25. ing. In this case, the reinforcing members are the anchors 32,
As in the case of 43, an action of strongly preventing movement of the lattice frame fence 5 is achieved.

(2) The bottom wall 7 of the grid frame fence 5 is
Or, it is connected to the geogrid 4 with a wire or the like and stopped.

(3) In each embodiment, the greening sheet is omitted.

(4) In each embodiment, instead of the spray layer, a sandbag containing soil, seeds and the like in a bag is used.

(5) In each embodiment, the lower grid frame fence 5
The front wall part 6 of the upper lattice frame fence 5 is arranged so as to overlap the rear side with respect to the front wall part 6 of FIG. 9, but as shown in FIG.
Upper grid frame fence 5 against front wall 6 of lower grid frame fence 5
Can be arranged such that the front wall portion 6 of the front side overlaps the front side. In FIG. 9, illustration of each part other than the lattice frame fence 5 is omitted for convenience.

(6) As shown by the bold line in FIG. 10, a part (for example, a part that requires particularly high strength) of the grid frame fence 5 has a thickness larger than that of the other reinforcing bars. Thus, it is possible to prevent a phenomenon in which a part of the reinforcing bar is bent and deformed to the front side by the pressure of the filler.

[0048]

As described in detail above, according to the greening structure of the slope and the wall surface of the present invention, a grid frame fence having excellent points such as being able to be constructed even on a steep slope and having good construction efficiency is used. In greening structures such as slopes and walls, the excellent effect that the thinning of the embankment material caused by the drainage action of the geotextile laid under the bottom of the grid frame fence can be prevented by replenishing nutrients. Play.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a greening structure of a rock slope according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view of the greening structure.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a greening structure of a rock slope according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a greening structure of a rock slope according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a front view of a net with a nutrient supply member used for the greening structure.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing a greening structure of a rock slope according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing a greening structure of a retaining wall according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view of a modification of the first embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a modified example of the arrangement of the lattice frame fences in each embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a modified example of the lattice frame fence in each embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Rock slope 3 Nonwoven fabric 5 Grid frame 6 Front wall 7 Bottom wall 8 Greening sheet 9 Embankment material 10 Nutrient supply member 11 Bag 12 Slow-release fertilizer 40 Concrete retaining wall block 41 Wall surface

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A grid frame fence comprising an inclined front wall made of a reinforced grid and a horizontal bottom wall and installed in front of a surface to be protected such as a slope or a wall, and a bottom wall of the grid frame fence. One step is composed of geotextile as a reinforcing member laid under the part, and embankment material filled between the lattice frame fence and the surface to be protected, and the step is stacked from bottom to top In a greening structure such as a multi-slope slope, wall surface, etc., a nutrient supply member in which a fertilizer capable of supplying nutrients to the embankment material is put in a permeable storage body, a rear side or a front side of the front wall portion. A greening structure such as a slope or a wall, which is provided so as to extend in a lateral direction. 2. The greening structure of a slope or a wall according to claim 1, wherein a soil conditioner, a water retention agent, an artificial soil, a seed, or a combination thereof is put in the container together with the fertilizer. 3. The slope according to claim 1, wherein a greening sheet is provided on a rear surface of the front wall portion and an upper surface of the bottom wall portion of the lattice frame fence.
Greening structures such as walls.