JPH10180694A - Perforator, perforating method and hollow punch - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To practically perforate Aramid fiber-reinforced composite material with no use of a larger-sized device. SOLUTION: A perforator comprises a die 8 formed with a die bore 8a, a pressure plate 9 formed with a punch bore 3a of the substantially same diameter as the die bore 8a and used for holding a workpiece S between it and the die 8, a hollow punch 11 having a cylindrical blade-like tip edge 12a held inside the punch bore 3a, and a pressure device for relatively moving the hollow punch 11 and the die 8 toward each other such that the tip edge 12a of the hollow punch 11 is inserted into the die bore 8a for perforation. A perforating method is applied to the perforator, and a hollow punch like that is manufactured.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for punching a high-strength, high-toughness polymer composite material such as aramid fiber reinforced composite material, and a punch used for the method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art At present, aramid fiber reinforced composite materials are more expensive than other industrial materials, but because of their high strength, excellent energy absorption capability, and light weight, various materials that require weight reduction are required. The material has begun to be used. As can be seen from the fact that the aramid fiber reinforced composite material is used for bulletproofing, it is difficult to process because of its high strength and high toughness. As a processing technique of the aramid fiber reinforced composite material, a technique of processing using a large-sized processing apparatus such as a water jet or a vibrating hole is conventionally known.

[0003]

The method of processing an aramid fiber reinforced composite material using a processing machine such as a large water jet or a vibrating hole is easy to use because the apparatus is large and expensive. I can't. Moreover, in the conventional processing technique, when the fiber content Vf is large (approximately, when Vf> 80%), it is difficult to perform good processing without irregularities and burrs on the processing surface not only by vibrating holes but also by water jet. It is.

[0004] Further, even if an attempt is made to pierce by a piercing process using a conventional die and punch, the aramid fibers cannot be cut cleanly at the cut portion, and the ends of the cut portions of the aramid fibers are irregularly exposed. Becomes For this reason, the piercing of the aramid fiber reinforced composite material by the piercing process cannot be put to practical use by the conventional method. That is,
When a punching process is performed on the aramid fiber reinforced composite material using a conventional flat punch or conical punch, no matter what strong restraint is given to the aramid fiber reinforced composite material, abrasion of the fiber or damage around the hole, The occurrence of peeling was inevitable, and the extremely flexible and high-strength aramid fiber escaped between the punch and the die, and inevitably remained as fluff.

[0005] The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances and the results of the study.
The contents described in (O01) below are the subject. (O01) Practical drilling of aramid fiber reinforced composite materials without using large equipment.

[0006]

Next, the invention of the present application devised to solve the above-mentioned problem will be described. The components of the present invention correspond to the components of the embodiments described later. For clarity, the reference numerals of the components of the embodiment are enclosed in parentheses. The reason why the present invention is described in correspondence with the reference numerals of the embodiments described below is to facilitate understanding of the present invention, and not to limit the scope of the present invention to the embodiments.

(1st invention) In order to solve the aforementioned problem,
The drilling apparatus according to the first invention of the present application has the following requirements: (A01) a die (8) having a die hole (8a); and (A02) the die hole (8a). A punch hole (9a) having substantially the same diameter is formed, and the die (8) is formed.
Presser plate (9), which holds the work material (S) between
03) a cylindrical blade-shaped leading edge (12a) for punching material accommodated in the punch hole (9a), and a space inside the cylindrical blade-shaped leading edge (12a) for punching material; A hollow punch (11) having a rod insertion hole (13a) provided between the die and a base end face; (A04) the pressing plate (9) and the die (8) are relatively approached to each other to form the die (8); A pre-compression device (P) for holding and fixing the back plate (B) and the work material (S) placed thereon, (A05) a cylindrical blade-like tip edge of the hollow punch (11) ( The hollow punch (11) and the die (8) are relatively close to each other in the direction in which 12a) is inserted into the die hole (8a), on the back plate (B) arranged on the die (8). A pressurizing device for making a hole in the processing material (S).

The "hollow punch (11)"
"A cylindrical blade-shaped leading edge (12a) for material punching, and a cylindrical blade-shaped leading edge (12a) for material punching.
And a punch having a rod insertion hole (13a) provided between the space inside the base and the base end face. In addition, "the hollow punch (11) and the die (8)
Is relatively close to each other, and a pressurizing device for making a hole in the processing material (S) on the back plate (B) arranged on the die (8) is a device for pressing the fixed die (8) A configuration in which the hollow punch (11) is made to approach or a configuration in which the die (8) is made to approach the fixed hollow punch (11) can be adopted.

(Operation of the First Invention) In the drilling apparatus of the first invention having the above-mentioned features, the die (8) having the die hole (8a) formed therein is substantially the same as the die hole (8a). The back plate (B) and the processing material (S) are arranged on the side of the punch hole (9a) between the back plate (B) and the processing material (S) between the pressing plate (9) having the punch hole (9a) having the diameter. So as to pinch it. The pre-compression device (P) relatively closes the presser plate (9) and the die (8) and places a back plate (B) and a work material (S) placed on the die (8). And fix it. The hollow punch (11) having a cylindrical blade-like tip edge (12a) for punching material accommodated in the punch hole (9a) and the die (8) are formed by the pressing device by the cylindrical cutter. The leading edge (12a) is relatively approached in the direction of insertion into the die hole (8a). At this time, the processing material (S) is punched out by the cylindrical blade-shaped leading edge (12a) of the hollow punch (11), and the shape (cylindrical shape, ellipse) of the cylindrical blade-shaped leading edge (12a) is obtained. A hole having a shape corresponding to a cylindrical shape, a rectangular cylindrical shape, or the like) is formed. The punched portion of the processing material (S) (that is, the scrap) is
It remains on the inside of the cylindrical cutting edge (12a) and is not easy to remove. The cylindrical cutting edge (12a)
The scum remaining on the inside is inserted into the rod insertion hole (13).
It can be pushed out and removed by the rod inserted in a).

(Second Invention) A boring apparatus according to a second invention of the present application has the following requirements: (B01) back plate support (8), (B02) punch. A hole (9a) is formed, and a holding plate (9) for holding a processing material (S) between the back plate supporting stand (8) and (B03) for punching a material housed in the punch hole (9a). (B04) The presser plate (9) and the back plate support (8) are relatively close to each other and are placed on the back plate support (8). A pre-compression device (P) for pinching and fixing the placed back plate (B) and the work material (S), (B05) The blade-like leading edge (12a) of the punch (11) supports the back plate. The punch (11) and the punch (11) are moved in a direction approaching the table (8). The back plate support table (8) a relatively approximated allowed by the back plate (B) on the workpiece (S) to the holes drilled working pressure device for performing.

(Operation of the Second Invention) In the drilling apparatus according to the second invention of the present application, the space between the back plate support (8) and the pressing plate (9) in which the punch hole (9a) is formed. Then, the back plate (B) and the processing material (S) are sandwiched so that the processing material (S) is arranged on the punch hole (9a) side. The pre-compression device (P) moves the back plate (9) and the back plate support (8) relatively close to each other and places the back plate (B) on the back plate support (8). And the work material (S) is clamped and fixed. A punch (11) having a blade-shaped leading edge (12a) for material punching and accommodated in the punch hole (9a) and the back plate support (8) are pressed by the pressing device into the blade-shaped leading edge (12a). ) And the back plate support (8) are relatively approached in the approaching direction. At this time, the processing material (S) is punched out by the blade-shaped leading edge (12a) of the hollow punch (11), and the shape (linear,
A hole having a shape corresponding to a curved shape, a cylindrical shape, an elliptical cylindrical shape, a rectangular cylindrical shape, or the like is formed.

(Third Invention) A method for boring a hole according to a third invention of the present application has the following requirements, and is characterized in that (C01) a die (8) having a die hole (8a) formed therein. ) And a press plate (9) having a punch hole (9a) having substantially the same diameter as the die hole (8a). A pre-compression step in which the material (S) is sandwiched and pre-compressed so as to be disposed on the side of the punch hole (9a); (C02) a cylindrical blade-shaped tip for punching the material stored in the punch hole (9a); A pressing step of relatively bringing the hollow punch (11) having the edge (12a) and the die (8) closer to each other.

(Operation of the Third Invention) In the hole forming method according to the third invention of the present application, in the pre-compression step, the die (8) having the die hole (8a) formed therein and the die hole (8a). ) And a press plate (9) having a punch hole (9a) having substantially the same diameter as the back plate (B) superimposed.
And the working material (S) is sandwiched so that the working material (S) is arranged on the punch hole (9a) side, and is pre-compressed and fixed. Next, in a pressurizing step, a cylindrical blade-shaped leading edge (12) for punching material accommodated in the punch hole (9a).
The hollow punch (11) having a) and the die (8) are relatively approached. At this time, a hole having a shape corresponding to the shape (cylindrical shape, elliptical cylindrical shape, rectangular cylindrical shape, etc.) of the cylindrical blade-like tip edge (12a) of the hollow punch (11) is formed in the processing material (S). Can be vacated.

(Fourth Invention) A method for boring a hole according to a third invention of the present application has the following requirements. (D01) A back plate support (8) and a punch hole ( The back plate (B) and the processing material (S) are superimposed between the pressing plate (9) on which the processing material (9a) is formed so that the processing material (S) is arranged on the punch hole (9a) side. A pre-compression step of clamping and pre-compressing, (D02) a blade-like tip edge (1) for cutting material stored in the punch hole (9a);
A pressurizing step of punching a working material by relatively approaching the punch (11) having 3a) and the back plate support (8);

The “back plate support (8)”
In addition to the dice (8) having the dice holes (8a), the dice (8) include a configuration having no dice holes and capable of supporting the back plate (B).

(Operation of the Fourth Invention) In the drilling apparatus according to the fourth invention, in the pre-compression step, the back plate support (8) and the presser plate (9) having the punch holes (9a) are formed. During this time, the back plate (B) and the working material (S) which are overlapped are sandwiched so that the working material (S) is arranged on the punch hole (9a) side, and pre-compressed and fixed. Next, in the pressurizing step, the punch (11) having the blade-shaped leading edge (13a) for cutting the material accommodated in the punch hole (9a) and the back plate support (8) are relatively approached. Drilling is performed on the processing material. At this time, the processing material (S) sandwiched and fixed by the back plate (B) and the holding plate (9).
A hole having a shape corresponding to the shape of the blade-like tip edge (12a) of the punch (11) is formed. That is, if the shape of the blade tip edge (12a) is linear, curved, cylindrical, elliptical, square, or the like, a hole having that shape is formed.

(Embodiment 5) The hollow punch (11) used in the boring according to the invention 5 of the present application has the following requirements: (E01) A cylinder for punching a material. And a rod insertion hole (13a) provided between a space inside the cylindrical blade-shaped leading edge (12a) for punching the material and a base end face. Hollow punch (11).

The hollow punch (11) is made of a tough material such as carbon steel, cemented carbide and ceramics.
The blade-shaped tip edge (12a) includes a shape with a sharp tip and a shape with a small roundness at the tip.

(Effect of the Fifth Invention) The hollow punch (1) having the above-mentioned features and used for drilling according to the fifth invention of the present application.
1) is a cylindrical cutting edge for punching material (12a).
Having. The cylindrical cutting edge for cutting the material (1)
By using the hollow punch (11) having 2a), a hole can be formed in the high-strength and high-toughness working material (S). The punched portion of the processing material (S) (that is, the scrap) remains inside the cylindrical cutting edge (12a). The cutting waste remaining inside the cylindrical cutting edge (12a) can be pushed out and taken out by the rod inserted into the rod insertion hole (13a).

[0020]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, with reference to the drawings, an embodiment (embodiment) of a boring apparatus, a boring method and a hollow punch according to the present invention will be described. It is not limited to the example.

(Embodiment 1) FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of Embodiment 1 of a drilling apparatus, a drilling method, and a hollow punch of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of the hollow punch shown in FIG. In FIG. 1, a lower substrate 1, a plurality of vertical columns 2 supported on the upper surface of the lower substrate 1, and an upper substrate 3 supported on the upper end of each column 2 are integrally connected by bolts 4. ing. The upper substrate 3 has a punch hole 3
a is formed. A fixing base 6 is fixed to the upper surface of the lower substrate 1. A movable base 7 that can move up and down by fluid pressure such as hydraulic pressure or air pressure is supported on the fixed base 6. Note that the movable table 7 may employ a configuration in which the movable table 7 is electrically and mechanically moved up and down instead of being vertically moved by the fluid pressure.

A die 8 having a die hole 8a is placed on the upper surface of the movable base 7. On the upper surface of the die 8, a back plate B made of an iron plate, a material to be processed (aramid fiber reinforced composite material) S, a holding plate 9 having a punch hole 9a, and a high elastic polymer material having a punch hole 10a are formed. Are sequentially placed. A hollow punch 11 inserted from above is accommodated in the punch holes 3a, 9a, 10a. The vertical position of the hollow punch 11 is adjusted by a vertical position adjusting device (not shown). The hollow punch 11 has a hollow punch tip (lower end) 12 and a hollow punch rod portion 13 above the hollow punch tip. The hollow punch rod portion 13 is formed slightly smaller in diameter than the hollow punch tip 12 in order to reduce frictional resistance when the hollow punch 11 moves up and down in the punch holes 3a, 9a and 10a. . The hollow punch tip portion 12 is formed such that the center portion of the tip surface is depressed, and the outer edge is formed as a cylindrical cutting tool for punching material. That is, the hollow punch tip 12 has a cylindrical blade-shaped tip edge 12a for punching a material. The hollow punch rod portion 13 penetrates between the space inside the cylindrical blade-shaped distal edge 12a for punching the material of the hollow punch distal end portion 12 and the upper end (base end) surface of the hollow punch rod portion 13. Rod insertion hole 1
3a are formed.

When a fluid pressure driving device (not shown) fills the space between the fixed table 6 and the movable table 7, the movable table 7 moves upward and the die 8 rises. At this time, the die 8 moves (rises) such that the die hole 8a approaches the hollow punch tip 12. Therefore, the holding plate 6, the movable table 7, and the fluid pressure driving device (not shown) make the pressing plate 9 and the die 8 relatively close to each other, and the back plate B and the processing material S placed on the die 8 A pre-compression device P for holding and fixing the pre-compression device is constituted. In the state shown in FIG. 1, the movable table 7 of the precompression device P is raised, and the die 8, the back plate B, the processing material S, the holding plate 9, and the spacer 10 are precompressed by the movable table 7 and the upper substrate 3. (A pinched state). In this sandwiching state, the back plate B and the work material S are fixed by the die 8 and the holding plate 9. In the pre-compressed state shown in FIG.
When pressed downward by a pressure device (not shown), the cylindrical blade-shaped leading edge 12a of the hollow punch 11 moves in a direction to be inserted into the die hole 8a. At this time, the processing material S can be pressed against the cylindrical blade-like tip edge 12a for punching the material of the hollow punch 11 to perform the punching process.

(Operation of the First Embodiment) In the first embodiment having the above-described configuration, when a hole is formed in the work material S, the following sandwiching step and pressurizing step are sequentially performed. (1) Nipping Step In the nipping step, the die 8 having the die holes 8a formed therein is formed.
The back plate B and the processing material S are overlapped between the die hole 8a and the pressing plate 9 having a punch hole 9a of substantially the same diameter so that the processing material S is on the punch hole 9a side. Deploy. In this state, the movable table 7 of the pre-compression device P is raised, and the die 8, the back plate B, the processing material S, the holding plate 9, and the spacer 10 are pre-compressed by the movable table 7 and the upper substrate 3. (In a pinched state)
And

(2) Pressing Step In the pressing step, the upper end of the hollow punch 11 is pressed downward by a pressing device (not shown), and a cylindrical blade-shaped tip edge for punching material stored in the punch hole 9a. 12a is brought close to the die 8. At this time, a hole having a shape corresponding to the shape (cylindrical shape) of the cylindrical blade-like tip edge 12a of the hollow punch 11 is formed in the processing material S. FIG. 3 shows the state when the holes are made. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a state in which a hole is made in the processing material S.
FIG. 3A shows a case where a Zr ceramic plate is used as the back plate B with a thickness t = 2 mm, and FIG. 3B shows a case where the thickness t = 1.
FIG. 3C shows a case where a steel plate having a thickness of 10 mm is used, and FIG. 3C shows a PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate) having a thickness t = 10 mm.
It is a figure showing the case where a board is used. As a material of the back plate B, various materials can be used as shown in FIGS. 3A to 3C.

By using the hollow punch 11 and the back plate B described above, it is possible to easily perform a clean hole-forming process with no fluff on a high-strength and high-toughness processing material S such as an aramid fiber reinforced composite material. It can be carried out.

(Experimental Example 1) FIG. 4 shows a case where the processing material S is made of an aramid fiber reinforced composite material (having a thickness of 1.65 mm) in which four aramid fiber layers are laminated, and the diameter D
FIG. 4A is a diagram showing a change in load of a pressing device (a pressing device that pushes down the upper end of the hollow punch 11) when a circular hole of 10 mm is made. FIG.
4C shows a case where a ceramic plate is used, FIG. 4B shows a case where a steel plate having a thickness of 1 mm is used as the back plate B, and FIG.
It is a figure showing the case where PMMA board of mm is used. FIG.
4A to 4C, the horizontal axis represents the moving distance of the punch 11 pushed down by the pressing device (not shown), and the vertical axis represents the load. The peak values P1 to P4 of the loads are the maximum loads when the first to fourth layers of the processing material S having the four aramid fiber layers are opened. 4A to 4C, when the upper end of the hollow punch 11 is further pressed by a pressing device (not shown) from the time when the piercing of the processing material S of the fourth layer is completed, the hollow punch 11 is subjected to a load. Once descends from P4 and reaches Q1 (see white circles) and then rises again. When the addition is stopped at this white circle ○, the fluff remains. Therefore, in this experimental example 1, the load was Q2
(See black circles.) The processing of the hollow punch 11 by the pressurizing device (not shown) is stopped when the hollow punch 11 is reached. As can be seen from FIGS. 4A to 4C, by appropriately setting the applied load Q2 at the upper end of the hollow punch 11, the processing material S on which a plurality of aramid fiber layers are laminated can be reliably punched. When a thin steel plate is used as the back plate B, it is also possible to apply the load to the point Q3 (see FIG. 4B) and complete the processing by punching. The holes formed in the processing material S according to the first experimental example were clean holes without fluff.

(Experimental Example 2) FIG. 5 shows a case where the processing material S is composed of an aramid fiber reinforced composite material (thickness 3.3 mm) in which eight aramid fiber layers are laminated, and the diameter D =
FIG. 5A is a diagram showing a change in load of a pressing device (a pressing device that pushes down the upper end of the hollow punch 11) when a circular hole of 10 mm is formed. FIG.
FIG. 5B is a diagram showing a case where a ceramic plate is used, FIG. 5B is a diagram showing a case where a steel plate having a thickness of 1 mm is used as a back plate B, and FIG.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a case where the PMMA plate of FIG. FIG. 5A
5C, the horizontal axis indicates the moving distance of the punch 11, and the vertical axis indicates the load. The peak values P1 to P8 of the loads are the maximum loads when the first to eighth layers of the processing material S having eight aramid fiber layers are opened. 5A to 5C
In the above, from the time when the piercing of the processing material S of the eighth layer is completed, the hollow punch 11 is further pressed by a pressing device (not shown).
When the hollow punch 11 is lowered by pressing the upper end, the load once drops from P8, reaches Q1 (see a white circle), and then rises again. Therefore, in the second experimental example, as in the first experimental example, when the load reaches Q2 (see a black circle), the boring operation is completed. 5A to 5C, the load Q2 of the hollow punch 11
Is set to be approximately 10% higher than the load peak values P1 to P8, it is possible to surely form a hole in the processing material S having a plurality of aramid fiber layers. When a thin steel plate is used as the back plate B, the point Q3
(See FIG. 5B), it is also possible to complete the machining by punching. The holes formed in the processing material S according to Experimental Example 2 were clean holes without fluff.

(Other Experimental Examples) FIG. 6 shows an experimental example of drilling when the shape of the die hole 8a and the tip 12 of the hollow punch 11 is circular, elliptical, or hexagonal. FIG. 6 is a diagram of a photograph showing the state of a hole that has been removed.
FIG. 6A is a diagram illustrating a processing material S having a circular hole, FIG. 6B is a diagram illustrating a processing material S having an elliptical hole, and FIG. 6C is a diagram illustrating a processing material S having a hexagonal hole. is there. FIG.
As can be seen from FIG.
The use of a hollow punch 11 having a cylindrical blade-shaped leading edge 12a for material punching for high strength,
Drilling and cutting can be easily performed on the processing material S having high toughness.

(Embodiment 2) FIG. 7 is an explanatory view of Embodiment 2 of a drilling apparatus and a drilling method according to the present invention, and corresponds to FIG. 1 of Embodiment 1 described above. In the description of the second embodiment, components corresponding to the components of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted. In the second embodiment, the die 8 has a die hole 8 on the upper surface thereof.
An upper part 8a has an upper protruding part 8b on the outer peripheral part. Upward projection 8
b is formed in a ring shape and has a curved surface that is gently inclined from the inner peripheral edge toward the outer peripheral edge. In the second embodiment, a plastic plate capable of plastic deformation or a thin PMMA plate is used as the back plate B. Other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment.

(Effect of Embodiment 2) In Embodiment 2 of the present invention having the above-described configuration, the back plate B and the work material S are placed on the upper protruding portion 8b of the die 8, and the pressing is performed from above. It is held by the plate 9. In this state, the central portions of the back plate B and the processing material S are bent upward and a tensile stress is generated on the upper surface of the processing material S. In this state, when the cylindrical cutting edge 12a for punching the material is pressed against the upper surface of the processing material S, the cut formed on the upper surface of the processing material S is enlarged, so that the boring process is easily performed.

(Embodiment 3) FIG. 8 is an explanatory view of Embodiment 3 of a hole making apparatus and a hole making method according to the present invention, and corresponds to FIG. 1 of Embodiment 1 described above. In the third embodiment, the upper end of the hollow punch 11 cannot be raised by the upper end position regulating member 14 fixed to the upper substrate 3. The punch upper end position regulating member 14 is formed with a rod through hole 14a having the same diameter as the rod insertion hole 13a of the hollow punch 11. In the third embodiment, the back plate support 8 having no die hole 8a is used. In the third embodiment, a pre-compression device P for holding the holding plate 9 and the back plate 8 relatively close to each other and holding and fixing the back plate B and the work material S placed on the back plate 8 is provided. It is also used as a pressurizing device for making a hole in the processing member S. That is, the hollow punch 1
Instead of moving 1 to approach the back plate 8, the hollow punch 11 is held in the state of FIG.
The back plate 8 is raised by a pressurizing device that also serves as the pre-compression device P, and a hole is formed in the processing material S. At this time, the spacer 10 is further compressed by about 5 mm from the pre-compressed state.

(Embodiment 4) FIG. 9 is an explanatory view of Embodiment 4 of a hole making apparatus and a hole making method according to the present invention, and corresponds to FIG. 8 of Embodiment 3 described above. FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of a punch used in the fourth embodiment. The fourth embodiment differs from the third embodiment in the configuration of the punch 11, but is otherwise the same as the third embodiment. As shown in FIG. 10, the punch 11 has a straight blade-like leading edge. Using this punch 11, a straight hole drilling process is performed on the aramid fiber reinforced composite material on the back plate B to form the concave supported portion (6).
a; 24a) The inner end side heat insulating member 28A can be provided.

(Modifications) Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but falls within the scope of the present invention described in the appended claims. Thus, various small design changes can be made. Modified embodiments of the present invention will be exemplified below. (H01) The present invention can be used for piercing a tough polymer material other than the aramid fiber composite reinforced material. (H02) It is possible to drill a processing material having a number of layers other than four or eight aramid fiber layers. (H03) As the shape of the cylindrical cutting edge for punching the material of the hollow punch, various cylindrical shapes other than a cylindrical shape, an elliptic cylindrical shape, and a square cylindrical shape can be adopted. (H04) In addition to the hollow punch 11 having the cylindrical blade-shaped leading edge, a punch having a linear or curved blade-shaped leading edge may be used as the punch having the blade-shaped leading edge. It is possible. (H05) Further, as the material of the back plate B, various materials other than the exemplified materials can be used. Further, it is possible to use a plurality of back plates in a stacked manner. (H06) As the back plate support 8, it is possible to use various types of supports other than using the dice 8 having the die holes 8 a.

[0035]

【The invention's effect】

(E01) Drilling of aramid fiber reinforced composite material can be performed without using a large-sized device.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of a first embodiment of a perforating apparatus, a perforating method, and a hollow punch according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of the hollow punch shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a state in which a hole is formed in a processing material S, FIG. 3A is a diagram showing a case where a Zr ceramic plate is used as a back plate B with a thickness t = 2 mm, FIG. 3B is a diagram showing a case where a steel plate with a thickness t = 1 mm is used, and FIG. 3C is a diagram showing a case where a PMMA plate with a thickness t = 10 mm is used.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a change in the load of the pressurizing device when a circular hole having a diameter D = 10 mm is formed on four workpieces S having a total thickness of 1.65 mm by stacking four workpieces S; FIG. 4A is a diagram showing a case where a Zr ceramic plate having a thickness of 2 mm is used as a back plate B, FIG. 4B is a diagram showing a case where a steel plate having a thickness of 1 mm is used as a back plate B, and FIG.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a case where a PMMA plate having a thickness of 10 mm is used as a back plate B.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a change in load of a pressurizing device when a circular hole having a diameter D = 10 mm is formed on a workpiece having a total thickness of 3.3 mm and a total thickness of 3.3 mm by stacking eight processing materials S; FIG. 5A is a diagram showing a case where a Zr ceramic plate having a thickness of 2 mm is used as the back plate B, FIG. 5B is a diagram showing a case where a steel plate having a thickness of 1 mm is used as the back plate B, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a case where a 10 mm thick PMMA plate is used as a substrate.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a state of holes formed in a processing material S in an experimental example of a hole forming process in a case where the shape of a die hole 8a and a tip portion 12 of a hollow punch 11 is circular, elliptical, and hexagonal. 6A is a diagram showing a processing material S having a circular hole, FIG. 6B is a diagram showing a processing material S having an elliptical hole, and FIG. 6C is a diagram showing a hexagonal hole. FIG. 3 is a view showing a processing material S.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory view of a second embodiment of a perforating apparatus and a perforating method according to the present invention, and is a view corresponding to FIG. 1 of the first embodiment.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory view of a third embodiment of a perforating apparatus and a perforating method according to the present invention, and is a view corresponding to FIG. 1 of the first embodiment.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory view of a fourth embodiment of a perforating apparatus and a perforating method according to the present invention, and is a view corresponding to FIG. 8 of the third embodiment.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of a punch used in the fourth embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

B: Back plate, P: Precompression device, S: Processing material,
8: die, 8a: die hole, 9: holding plate, 9a: punch hole, 11: punch (hollow punch), 12a: blade edge, 13a: rod insertion hole,

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A drilling machine having the following requirements:
(A01) a die having a die hole, (A02) a presser plate having a punch hole having substantially the same diameter as the die hole, and holding a working material between the die and the die, (A03) being accommodated in the punch hole. A hollow punch having a cylindrical blade-shaped leading edge for material punching and having a rod insertion hole provided between a space inside the cylindrical blade-shaped leading edge for material punching and a base end surface; A04) A pre-compression device for holding the back plate and the work material placed on the die by relatively bringing the presser plate and the die closer to each other,
05) The hollow punch and the die are relatively close to each other in a direction in which the cylindrical cutting edge of the hollow punch is inserted into the die hole, and a hole is formed in a processing material on a back plate arranged on the die. A pressurizing device for blanking. 2. A drilling machine having the following requirements:
(B01) a back plate support, (B02) a holding plate formed with a punch hole and holding a processing material between the back plate support, and (B03) a cutting tool for punching a material stored in the punch hole. A punch having a leading edge, (B04) a pre-holding plate and a back plate supporting base which are relatively close to each other to hold and fix a back plate and a processing material placed on the back plate supporting base; (B05) The punch and the back plate support are relatively close to each other in a direction in which the blade-like leading edge of the punch approaches the back plate support, and a hole is formed in a processing material on the back plate. Pressurizing device. 3. A drilling method having the following requirements:
(C01) A back plate and a processing material overlapped between a die in which a die hole is formed and a pressing plate in which a punch hole having substantially the same diameter as the die hole is formed. A pre-compression step of clamping and pre-compressing so as to be arranged; (C02) bringing the hollow punch having a cylindrical blade-shaped tip edge for material punching and housed in the punch hole and the die relatively close to each other; A pressurizing step for making a hole in the processing material. 4. A drilling method having the following requirements:
(D01) Pre-compression is performed by sandwiching the back plate and the processing material overlapped between the back plate support base and the holding plate having the punch hole formed therein so that the processing material is disposed on the punch hole side. (D02) a pressurizing step in which a punch having a blade-shaped tip edge for cutting material accommodated in the punch hole and the back plate support are relatively close to each other to form a hole in a processing material. . 5. A hollow punch for use in boring having the following requirements: (E01) a cylindrical blade-shaped leading edge for material punching, and a cylindrical blade-shaped leading edge for material punching. A hollow punch having a rod insertion hole provided between a space inside the base and a base end surface.