JPH10232013A - Continuous waste supply equipment in waste treatment equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [PROBLEMS] The required construction area and volume of the entire equipment are small, the construction cost is low, and the installation of the waste treatment apparatus is not subject to design and economic restrictions. A first and second crusher 5a for crushing waste a ₁ to a predetermined size, 5b and quantitative for conveying the been crushed waste a ₂ crushing the closing device of a heat treatment apparatus near these A supply device 6 is provided, and first and second crushers 5a and 5b are disposed directly upstream of the fixed amount supply device 6 and crushed waste a ₂ is provided between the crusher and the input device.
Is formed. Further, a stop signal detector 14 for detecting the stop of the operation of the first crusher 5a,
and a start signal transmitter 15 for transmitting a start signal for the first crusher 5a. When the stop signal detector 14 detects the stop of the operation of the first crusher 5a, the second crusher 5b is started.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to industrial waste such as waste (general waste such as municipal waste from homes and offices, waste plastic, car shredder dust, waste office equipment, chemical products, etc.). The present invention relates to a continuous waste supply apparatus in a waste treatment apparatus for treating crushed waste obtained by crushing crushed waste (including flammable materials including the same combustible material).

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, in a waste treatment apparatus containing combustible materials such as general waste such as municipal solid waste and industrial waste such as waste plastic, a heat treatment apparatus for performing a pyrolysis process or a combustion process, for example, a low waste material. A pyrolysis reactor that heats in an oxygen atmosphere and generates pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis residues mainly composed of non-volatile components by pyrolysis, and a fluidized bed or stalker combustion furnace that burns waste at high temperatures In order to improve the efficiency of heat treatment in, for example, the collected waste is crushed by a crusher and turned into crushed waste, and the crushed waste is supplied to the heat treatment device via an input device such as a screw feeder or a rotary feeder. That is being done.

[0003] In the waste disposal apparatus,
If the crusher is used for maintenance and inspection,
Since the operation may be stopped, for example, the operation shown in FIG. 5 is performed in order to perform the continuous operation.

That is, the waste a ₁ carried by the waste transport vehicle 101 or the like is temporarily stored in a waste receiving pit 102, and then put into a waste hopper 104 by a waste crane 103, and The crusher 106 is supplied to the crusher 106 by the supply device 105 and stored in the crush waste pit 107 as crushed waste a ₂ . The crushed waste a ₂ stored in the crushed waste pit 107 is supplied to the heat treatment apparatus 1.
The crushed waste crane 108 supplies the crushed waste to the crushed waste hopper 109 in accordance with the throughput, and the crushed waste feeder 110 supplies the heat to the crushed waste hopper 109 by the transfer device 111 and the screw feeder 113 serving as a quantitative supply device. Supplied to

[0005]

However, the above-mentioned apparatus requires not only two pits but also equipment such as a crane and a feeder for supplying waste, so that the necessary construction of the entire equipment is required. There is a problem that the area and the volume are increased, the construction cost is increased, and the installation of the waste disposal apparatus is restricted in terms of design and economy.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and is achieved as follows.

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a crusher for crushing waste into a predetermined size, and a fixed amount for transferring the crushed waste crushed by the crusher to a charging device disposed near a heat treatment apparatus. In a waste treatment device having a supply device, at least two or more of the crushers are disposed directly upstream of the quantitative supply device, and the crushed waste reservoir is provided between the crusher and the input device. Is a continuous waste supply apparatus in a waste treatment apparatus, characterized in that:

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the reservoir according to the first aspect is formed at at least one location between the crusher and the fixed-rate supply device, or between the fixed-rate supply device itself or the fixed-rate supply device and the charging device. It was done.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, a signal detector for detecting the stop of the operation of the first crusher and a start-up for transmitting a start signal of the second crusher. A signal transmitter, and when the signal detector detects an operation stop of the first crusher, a stop signal of the first crusher is input to the start signal transmitter, and the start signal is transmitted. A waste treatment apparatus characterized in that a start signal is transmitted from a vessel to a second crusher to start the second crusher.

[0010] According to this waste treatment apparatus, even if the first crusher stops operating periodically or due to an unexpected situation,
The operation of the second crusher can be started immediately. At this time, after the operation of the first crusher is stopped, it takes about 5 to 10 minutes to generate the crushed waste by the second crusher. The crushed waste is supplied to the heat treatment device via the quantitative supply device. Therefore, in the heat treatment apparatus, efficient heat treatment can be performed.

This eliminates the necessity of providing a crushed waste pit among the two required pits, so that the required construction area of the entire facility can be greatly reduced, and the construction cost can be reduced.

Further, when the pyrolysis residue generated by the heat treatment apparatus, that is, the pyrolysis reaction furnace, is continuously supplied to a combustion melting furnace to be melted, or crushed waste is generated in a fluidized bed type or stalker type incinerator. When burning
Since the continuous and stable supply of the crushed waste can be received, the heat treatment temperature in such a heat treatment device is stably maintained, and even when the combustion exhaust gas is recovered from this heat treatment device and power is to be generated, Stable power generation can be performed.

[0013]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of a waste disposal apparatus according to the present invention. In the waste treatment apparatus shown in FIG. 1, waste a ₁ collected by a waste transporter or the like is temporarily stored in a waste pit 2 and then put into a hopper 4 by a crane 3. 5 and, for example, a predetermined size by a crusher such as a biaxial shearing type,
For example crushed to a size of 150 to 200 mm, the crushed waste a _2. The crushed waste a ₂ is supplied to the charging section 22 of the thermal decomposition reactor 20 by the quantitative supply device 6, and is supplied to the drum 21 of the thermal decomposition reactor 20 via the charging device 23 such as a screw feeder or a pusher.

The thermal decomposition reactor 20 is usually a horizontal rotary drum, and the inside thereof is kept in a low oxygen atmosphere by a sealing mechanism (not shown), and is disposed on the downstream side of the combustion melting furnace 30. heated air g which has been heated by the heat exchanger (not shown) is supplied from the line L _1, this heated air g, inside the 300 to 600 ° C., usually 45
It is heated to about 0 ° C. Then, the crushed waste a ₂ is thermally decomposed in the drum 21 of the pyrolysis reactor 20 to generate a pyrolysis gas G ₁ and a mainly non-volatile pyrolysis residue b. The pyrolysis gas G ₁ generated in the drum 21 and the pyrolysis residue b are separated by the discharging device 24,
₁ is supplied to the burner 31 of the burning melting furnace 30 via line L _2.

Here, the waste a in the waste pit 2
_The means for supplying ₁ into the drum 21 of the pyrolysis reactor 20 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.

In FIG. 2, the fixed quantity supply device 6 is constituted by a belt conveyor having a horizontal portion 7 and an inclined portion 8 and a reservoir 9 for crushed waste a ₂ formed thereon. A plurality of bars 10 are provided.
In the quantitative supply device 6, the crushed waste a ₂ is transported rightward of the horizontal portion 7, and then is transported obliquely upward and rightward by the inclined portion 8. 9
, Is gradually cut by the crosspiece 10, and is supplied into the drum 21 of the thermal decomposition reactor 20 through the charging device 23 by a predetermined amount.

Further, at least two crushers, that is, a first crusher 5a and a second crusher 5b are arranged above the horizontal portion 7. Although the first crusher 5a and the second crusher 5b are not particularly limited,
Preferably have almost the same crushing performance,
While one crusher (for example, the first crusher 5a) is in operation, the other crusher (for example, the second crusher 5b) is on standby as a standby. Then, the crushed waste a ₂ crushed by the first crusher 5a is supplied into the drum 21 of the pyrolysis reactor 20 via the charging chute 22 and the charging device 23 by the above-described quantitative supply device 6, where Pyrolyzed at

Incidentally, the operation of the first crusher 5a and the second crusher 5b in such a waste disposal apparatus may be stopped periodically or due to an unexpected situation. At this time, the stop signal detector 14 attached to the first crusher 5a detects the stop of the operation of the first crusher 5a, and immediately starts the start signal transmitter attached to the second crusher 5b. 15 and the activation signal transmitter 1 receiving this
5 transmits a start signal to the second crusher 5b to start the second crusher 5b. During this time, i.e., crushed wastes a ₂ from the stop of the operation of the first crusher 5a is a second crusher 5b
Until being turned, crusher crushed waste a ₂ a predetermined time which is disrupted by 5a, for example 5 to 10 minutes, a predetermined amount by the pyrolysis reactor while staying at the reservoir 9 of the dispensing device 6 20 are supplied to the drum 21.

Therefore, the supply of the crushed waste a ₂ to the pyrolysis reactor 20 can be continuously performed without interruption. As means for confirming the stop of the first crusher 5a and activating the second crusher 5b,
Of course, a method of manually starting may be used.

In the above embodiment, two crushers, a first crusher 5a and a second crusher 5b, are installed. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and three or more crushers may be provided according to the processing capacity. Is also good. Although the horizontal portion 7 and the inclined portion 8 have an integrated structure, they may be formed as separate devices and arranged continuously. Further, the stop signal detector 14 attached to the first crusher 5a and the start signal transmitter 15 attached to the second crusher 5b are directly connected via a signal cable.
A control device (not shown) may be arranged between the stop signal detector 14 and the start signal generating device 15, and a data storage device and other devices may be incorporated in the control device.

Another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The fixed amount supply device 6 has only a conveyor of a horizontal portion 7, and the reservoir 9 has a structure formed at a connection portion between the first crusher 5 a and the second crusher 5 b and the fixed amount supply device 6. The crushed waste a ₂ crushed in step 5
, And is gradually cut by the bar 10 in the reservoir 9, and is supplied into the drum 21 of the pyrolysis reactor 20 via the charging device 23 by a predetermined amount.

Further, another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. Crushed waste a _2, which is crushed in the first crusher 5a, is transported by the belt conveyor 7 to the right. The crushed waste a ₂ is supplied to the pyrolysis reactor 20.
Of the pyrolysis reactor 20 which is temporarily stored in the pool portion 9 formed between the charging chute 22 and the charging device 23 and cut by the charging device 23, for example, the screw feeder 23. 21. When the first crusher 5a stops operating, the second
Until crushed wastes a ₂ by crusher 5b of is transported to the dosing device 23, crushed wastes a _2, which is disrupted by the first crusher 5a a predetermined time, for example 5 to 10 minutes,
The drum 21 of the pyrolysis reactor 20 is cut by the screw feeder 23 by a predetermined amount while staying in the reservoir 9.
Since supplied within, without supply of crushed waste a ₂ to the pyrolysis reactor 20 is interrupted, it is possible to perform continuously.

In this manner, the crushed waste a ₂ supplied to the pyrolysis reactor 20 by the charging device 23 becomes a pyrolysis residue b generated by pyrolysis in the pyrolysis reactor 20 and the discharge device 24 And is sent to the cooling device 25. The pyrolysis residue b cooled to about 80 ° C. by the cooling device 25 is applied to a separation device 26 including a known single or combined separator such as a magnetic separation type, an eddy current type, a centrifugal type or a wind separation type. Then, it is separated into a combustible component c mainly composed of pyrolytic carbon and a non-combustible component d, and the non-combustible component d is collected in the container 28 and reused.

The combustible component c is the pulverizer 27 such as a ball mill type, a predetermined size, for example, milled in 1mm or less, is supplied to the burner 31 of the burning melting furnace 30 through the flammability line L _3. This finely crushed combustible component c
Is the pyrolysis gas G ₁ supplied from the pyrolysis gas line L _2.
And the combustion air e supplied through the combustion air line L ₄ by the forced air blower 34 in a high temperature range of about 1,300 ° C., and the ash generated at this time is molten slag f
And adheres to the inner wall of the combustion melting furnace 30,
It flows down the inner wall, falls from the bottom outlet 32 into the water tank 33, and is cooled and solidified.

High temperature exhaust gas G generated in the combustion melting furnace 30
₂ is a heat recovery steam generator, such as a waste heat boiler 41 via a flue gas line L ₅ through the hot air heater 40,
After the dust is removed by the dust collector 43 and the harmful components are further removed by the exhaust gas purifier 44, the exhaust gas G ₃ is released into the atmosphere from the chimney 46 via the induction blower 45 as low-temperature clean exhaust gas G ₃ . As inert gas a portion of the low-temperature clean gas is returned to the cooler 25 through the exhaust gas circulation line L ₆ by the fan 47. The steam generated by the waste heat boiler 41 is used for power generation by a generator 42 having a steam turbine.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the illustrated embodiments, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments only. For example, a fluidized bed may be used instead of a thermal decomposition reactor as a heat treatment apparatus. A stoker type incinerator can be used. Therefore, it is needless to say that various modifications and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0027]

As described above, according to the present invention, only two waste storage pits are required for storing wastes, and at the same time, the number of cranes and other equipment and operating personnel associated with the pits have been reduced by half. As a result, the construction area and construction cost of the entire facility can be significantly reduced.

The crushed waste provided with two or more crushers and crushed by the crusher can be supplied by the quantitative supply device itself or at a connection portion between the crusher and the quantitative supply device or between the quantitative supply device and the charging device. Is supplied to the thermal decomposition reactor by a predetermined amount while staying in the reservoir formed at least one of the above for a predetermined time, the following effects are obtained. (1) Even if one crusher (first crusher) stops operating periodically or due to an unexpected situation, the supply of crushed waste from the other crusher (second crusher) is stopped. Without interruption,
The crushed waste can be continuously and stably supplied to the pyrolysis reactor. (2) Due to the above, the thermal decomposition efficiency of the heat treatment apparatus is increased. (3) When the flammable waste is pyrolyzed by a heat treatment apparatus, for example, a pyrolysis reactor, and the combustible component generated is supplied to a combustion melting furnace, or the crushed waste is supplied to a fluidized bed or stalker type incinerator. When supplying and burning, the crushed waste can be continuously supplied to the heat treatment apparatus without interruption, so that the combustion temperature of the heat treatment apparatus can be stably maintained. (4) Electricity generated by generating high-temperature exhaust gas from a heat treatment apparatus such as the combustion melting furnace or the combustion furnace with a steam turbine through a steam generator can be efficiently and stably obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a waste disposal apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing one embodiment of the quantitative supply device according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing another embodiment for forming a reservoir according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing still another embodiment for forming a reservoir according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a system diagram showing a waste disposal apparatus according to the related art.

[Explanation of symbols]

2 Waste receiving pit 3 Crane 4, 4a, 4b Hopper 5, 5a, 5b Crusher 6 Quantitative supply device 7 Horizontal portion 8 Inclined portion 9 Reservoir portion 10 Beam 11, 11a, 11b Transfer device 12 Magnetic separator 13, 28 Container 14 Stop signal detector 15 Start signal transmitter 20 Pyrolysis reactor 21 Drum 22 Charging chute 23 Screw feeder (Charging device) 24 Discharge device 25 Cooling device 26 Separator 27 Crusher 30 Combustion melting furnace 31 Burner 32 Bottom discharge port 33 Water tank 40 High-temperature air heater 41 Waste heat boiler 42 Generator 43 Dust collector 44 Exhaust gas purifier 45 Induction blower 46 Chimney G ₁ Pyrolysis gas G ₂ High-temperature exhaust gas G ₃ Clean exhaust gas a ₁ Waste a ₂ Crushed waste b Thermal decomposition residue Material c Flammable component d Non-flammable component e Combustion air f Molten slag g Heated air

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A waste having a crusher for crushing waste to a predetermined size, and a quantitative supply device for transporting the crushed waste crushed by the crusher to an input device arranged near a heat treatment device. In the material processing apparatus, at least two or more of the crushers are arranged directly on the upstream side of the quantitative supply device, and the crushing waste is formed between the crusher and the charging device. A continuous waste supply device in a waste treatment device, characterized in that: 2. The reservoir according to claim 1, wherein the reservoir is formed between the crusher and the fixed-quantity supply device, or at least one of the fixed-quantity supply device itself or the fixed-quantity supply device and the charging device.
A continuous waste supply apparatus in the waste treatment apparatus described in the above. 3. The stop signal detector according to claim 1, further comprising a stop signal detector for detecting a stop of the operation of the first crusher, and a start signal transmitter for transmitting a start signal of the second crusher. When a stop of the operation of the first crusher is detected by the device, a stop signal of the first crusher is input to the start signal transmitter, and the start signal is transmitted from the start signal transmitter to the second crusher. And the second crusher is activated to transmit the waste continuously.