JPH102518A - Refuse combustion method and combustion furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a combustion furnace to hold a style of a small combustion furnace for a hose use through a low chimney, prevent the generation of smoke, and prevent scattering of ash and cinders. SOLUTION: Ignition is effected from the upper surface side of an accumulation layer of refuse M charged in a combustion cylinder 1 formed in the shape of a cylinder with a bottom. Combustion air is injected through a number of nozzle holes 51... formed in the whole surface of a cylinder wall 50 of a small nozzle cylinder 5 previously disposed in the combustion cylinder 1 to effect combustion operation. Through the combustion operation, dry distillation of a whole of the refuse M accumulated on the bottom of the combustion cylinder 1 is effected. Primary combustion of vaporizing gas is effected on the upper surface side of an accumulation layer of the refuse M by combustion air injected from the nozzle cylinder 5. Further, secondary combustion is effected by combustion air injected through the nozzle cylinder 5. Exhaust gas combustion of which is completed is introduced to an input port 93 of a cyclone 9 juxtaposed with the combustion cylinder 1 and ash and dust, floating in exhaust gas, are separated from exhaust gas for recovery by the cyclone 9.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a combustion method and a combustion furnace for burning miscellaneous garbage such as defoliated leaves, wood chips, styrofoam packaging material scraps and old tires which are discarded as waste in daily life. Regarding improvement.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The incineration of miscellaneous garbage discarded as waste in daily life is carried out in household or small-scale furnaces A
The combustion furnace A is usually operated as shown in FIG.
As shown in the figure, the diameter is 50cm inside and outside and the height is 1m
The inner and outer cylindrical combustion cylinders 1, which are mainly made of a furnace, are formed of an iron plate or the like,
In the bore of the combustion cylinder 1, a rostral 2 formed by a punching plate or the like into a cage shape smaller in diameter than the internal method of the combustion cylinder 1, at a position where its floor plate portion 20 is raised above the bottom plate 10 of the combustion cylinder 1. And a refuse inlet 11 is opened at a position near one side of the upper surface of the combustion cylinder 1 and closed with a detachable lid plate 3. A chimney 4 is connected to a flue gas outlet 12 at a position close to the other side, and a chimney 4 is connected thereto. An opening 14 for scraping out the ash that accumulates from the ash accumulating portion 13 formed between them is opened, and an openable and closable lid 15 is attached thereto, and at an appropriate position on the lower part of the body peripheral wall of the combustion cylinder 1, The air intakes 16 are opened and configured.

When the waste is incinerated by using this, the cover plate 3 on the upper surface of the combustion tube 1 is removed and the charging port 11 is removed.
, And from there, refuse to be incinerated is thrown in, closed with the lid plate 3, the raking port 14 is opened, and the stack 13 is ignited by a squib inserted thereinto and started. By the way, the lid 15 is closed, and the generated smoke and combustion gas are discharged from the chimney 4 to perform the combustion operation.

[0004]

The above-mentioned conventional combustion furnace A
When you burn garbage, it will generate a lot of smoke. In particular, if the garbage to be burned is garbage that contains water such as raw fallen leaves or pruned raw tree branches, it becomes irritating and generates a large amount of smoke, deteriorating the surrounding environment, In addition, when combustion becomes intense, there is a problem that a large amount of ignited chaff is soared up, thereby causing a fire danger and scattering a large amount of ash around.

In order to achieve this, the height of the chimney 4 connected to the exhaust port 12 of the combustion tube 1 can be increased. To connect the high chimney 4 to a small combustion furnace A used at home, it is necessary to connect the same. ,
The need for a support device for the chimney 4 raises another problem that not only increases the manufacturing cost but also complicates handling.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problem that occurs when refuse is burned by using the above-mentioned conventional combustion furnace. In addition, the combustion furnace keeps its appearance as a small household and has good handling, but does not emit smoke that deteriorates the surrounding environment and does not scatter ash and ignited chaff. It is another object of the present invention to provide a new means for burning refuse using a combustion furnace.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been completed based on the knowledge obtained through various studies and experiments for the above-mentioned purpose.

[0008] That is, a large amount of smoke is generated when refuse is put into a combustion furnace and burned, because the refuse is incompletely burned. The lack of smoke and the incomplete combustion that occurs during the combustion of this garbage are due to the lack of combustion air relative to the amount of combustibles, and a sufficient amount of combustion air It has been found that complete combustion can be obtained if supplied. Then, when completely burned, even in the event of combustion, even if the ash started to flare up in a lit state, it was collected and removed by the cyclone by combining it with the cyclone to pass the exhaust from the combustion furnace. It has been found that smoke-free and ash-free exhaust can be emitted in this condition.

From this, as shown in FIG.
A bottomed combustion cylinder 1 having a diameter D of about 0.8 m and a height H of about 1.2 m is formed of an iron plate. Separately, a diameter of about 10 cm is provided in the cylinder wall 50 and a plurality of blast holes 51 are provided. The cylinder 5 is formed to have a length corresponding to the depth of the inner cavity of the combustion cylinder 1, and the axial direction of the cylinder 5 is set at an appropriate position in the inner cavity of the combustion cylinder 1.
The upper and lower ends of the blower 6 are closed with blind plates 52, and the discharge port 60 of the blower 6 for discharging the compressed air is connected to the other end. Air is blown out from a large number of blowholes 51 provided in the cylinder wall 50 of the blowout cylinder 5 to almost the entire bore of the combustion cylinder 1 as compressed air whose blowing direction is along the horizontal direction. A small amount of dust M having a deposition height of about 20% of the depth of the combustion cylinder 1 is introduced from the open port 1a on the upper surface side of the combustion cylinder 1 and deposited on the bottom of the combustion cylinder 1. In this state, when a dust or the like is thrown into the upper surface of the thrown garbage M and ignited, and the garbage M burns out, the blower 6 is operated to supply compressed air. The ignited part of the refuse M that has been thrown into the bottom part and lit on a part of it, Blowhole 51 Fumarolic tube 5 as ...
Is burned violently by the air ejected from the refuse, and the heat thereof causes the entire refuse M deposited on the bottom in the combustion tube 1 to be heated and carbonized, thereby being vaporized. On the upper surface of the refuse M on which the gas is deposited, the blast holes 51 located at the upper and lower intermediate portions of the blast holes 51.
The primary combustion gas is primarily combusted in the upper and lower intermediate portions of the combustion cylinder 1 by the combustion air ejected from the... The secondary combustion is performed by the combustion air blown out from the fuze holes 51..., And the combustion operation of the refuse M can be performed without generating chimney almost without the chimney 4. Burning of garbage M progresses and garbage M
When the accumulation height of the refuse decreases, the refuse M is additionally introduced so as to maintain the accumulation height when the refuse M is first introduced. The result that the combustion treatment can be continuously carried out in a state of complete combustion without generating almost any of the above.

At this time, an opening 1a serving as an input port on the upper surface side of the combustion cylinder 1 is sealed with an openable and closable cover plate 3, and the exhaust gas that has been burned in the combustion cylinder 1 is discharged. Surrounding wall 1
The exhaust gas is ejected to the outside from an exhaust port 1d provided at the upper end of b, and the exhaust gas is taken into an intake 93 of a cyclone 9 provided outside the combustion tube 1 to burn. As a result, ash, sparks and dust floating on the vaporized gas and separated from the exhaust gas by the cyclone 9 were collected, and only the exhaust gas could be safely discharged to the outside.

In view of the above, according to the present invention, as a means for achieving the above-mentioned object, the waste M
Into a combustion cylinder 1 formed into a bottomed tubular shape whose upper surface side is opened as an opening 1a by a peripheral wall 1b made of an iron plate and a bottom plate 1c, in a state of being deposited on the bottom in the combustion cylinder 1;
Ignition is performed from the upper surface side of the accumulation layer of the refuse M, and the combustion cylinder 1
The blower 6 is operated by operating the blower 6 from a large number of blast holes 51, which are provided in advance in the entire surface of the cylinder wall 50 of the small-diameter fuze cylinder 5 having a height several times the pile height of the refuse M. By performing a combustion operation by blowing air, the whole of the refuse M deposited on the bottom of the combustion cylinder 1 is carbonized, so that the vaporized gas is injected on the upper surface side of the deposition layer of the refuse M. Primary combustion is performed by the combustion air ejected from the upper and lower intermediate blowing holes 51 of the cylinder 5, and further, the upper blowing side 51 of the blowing cylinder 5 in the combustion cylinder 1 above it.
The secondary combustion is performed by the combustion air ejected from..., And the exhaust gas burned by the secondary combustion is ejected from an exhaust port 1d provided at an upper end portion of a peripheral wall 1b of the combustion cylinder 1 to be provided together with the combustion cylinder 1. The present invention proposes a method of burning refuse, which is guided to an inlet 93 of the cyclone 9 and separates and collects ash and dust floating in the exhaust gas by the cyclone 9 from the exhaust gas. Surrounding wall 1b
And a bottom plate 1c, into a combustion cylinder 1 formed in a bottomed cylindrical shape whose upper surface side is opened as an opening 1a, a small-diameter injection cylinder 5 having a somewhat shorter diameter depending on the depth of the inner cavity of the combustion cylinder 1, The axial line is arranged substantially parallel to the axial line of the combustion cylinder 1, and a large number of blast holes 51... Are formed on the entire surface of the cylinder wall 50. A blower 6 closed by a blind plate 52 and having an opening at the other end in the axial direction disposed outside the combustion cylinder 1.
To the discharge port 60 on the upper surface of the combustion cylinder 1.
a is closed by a cover plate 3 which can be freely opened and closed, and the peripheral wall 1 of the combustion cylinder 1 is closed.
An exhaust port 1d for exhausting exhaust gas is provided at the upper end of b, and an intake port 9 of a cyclone 9 provided outside the combustion cylinder 1 at the exhaust port 1d.
The present invention proposes a refuse-burning furnace which is made by connecting No.3.

[0012]

In the means of the present invention constructed as described above, the refuse M charged into the combustion cylinder 1 and burned is placed on the bottom of the combustion cylinder 1 at a depth of about 2/3 times the depth of the combustion cylinder 1. And the upper surface thereof is ignited by, for example, knocking, and in this state, the blower 6 is operated to blow air from the blast holes 51 formed in the cylinder wall 50 of the blast cylinder 5. Then, the ignited portion burns violently due to the ignition, and the heat causes the entire refuse M to be carbonized at the bottom in the combustion tube 1.

As a result, the vaporized gas generated from the refuse M is supplied to the fuze located at the upper and lower intermediate portion of the fuze holes 51 formed in the cylinder wall 50 of the fuze cylinder 5 on the upper surface side of the refuse M. The primary combustion is performed by the air ejected from the holes 51, and the combustion gas is completely burned above the secondary combustion by the air ejected from the ejection holes 51 at the upper end of the injection cylinder 5 to complete combustion. Combustion starts, and the inside of the combustion cylinder 1 is heated by the heat at this time, so that the carbonization of the waste M charged in the bottom is progressed, and a further machine or gas is generated and burned.

The combustion tube 1 for burning the gas vaporized by the dry distillation of the refuse M has a combustion port 1a on the upper surface side, which is an input port of the refuse M, which is closed by the cover plate 3. The exhaust gas thus exhausted is discharged to the outside from an exhaust port 1d provided at an upper end portion of the peripheral wall 1b of the combustion cylinder 1, and is taken from an intake 93 of the cyclone 9 attached to the outside of the combustion cylinder 1 to the cyclone 9. The ash and dust floating in the exhaust gas are separated and collected, and only the exhaust gas is discharged from the exhaust pipe 91 to the outside.

[0015]

Next, an embodiment will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, the same reference numerals are used for components having the same effects as those of the conventional means.

FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional front view of a combustion furnace A for carrying out the present invention. In FIG. 3, reference numeral 1 denotes a combustion cylinder, 1a denotes an opening on the upper surface side of the combustion cylinder 1, and 3 denotes an opening / closing opening 1a. 5 is a fumarole, 6 is a blower, 7 is a cleaning port, 8
Denotes an opening / closing lid for closing the cleaning port 7, and 9 denotes a cyclone provided in combination with the combustion cylinder 1.

The combustion cylinder 1 is about 80 cm in diameter by an iron plate.
It is formed into a cylindrical shape with a bottom having a depth of about 120 cm, and supports 17 are attached to the lower surface thereof.

The combustion cylinder 1 has a body peripheral surface and a bottom surface hermetically enclosed by a peripheral wall 1b and a bottom plate 1c, and the upper surface side has an opening 1a.
The opening 1a is an inlet for introducing the refuse M to be burned from the opening 1a. As shown in FIG. It is.

The peripheral wall 1b is provided at its lower end with a cleaning port 7 for scraping and cleaning the residue accumulated by the combustion operation, and is closed airtightly by an openable and closable lid 8. . In addition, as shown in FIG. 5, an exhaust port 1d for discharging exhaust gas that has been burned in the combustion tube 1 is provided at the upper end of the peripheral wall 1b so that the exhaust gas is ejected in a cutting line direction of the peripheral wall 1b. It has been established.

The fumarole 5 has a diameter of about 10 cm due to an iron plate.
Is formed in a cylindrical shape whose length is slightly shorter than the depth of the combustion cylinder 1, and its axis is set in a position parallel to the axis of the combustion cylinder 1 at an appropriate position in the combustion cylinder 1. The lower end thereof is positioned so as to be close to the upper surface of the bottom plate 1c of the combustion cylinder 1, and the upper end is arranged to occupy a position slightly lower than the opening 1a on the upper surface side of the combustion cylinder 1.

In the example shown in FIG. 5, the injection cylinder 5 is disposed at a position close to one side in the combustion cylinder 1.
There is a case where it is arranged at an axial center position in the combustion cylinder 1.

The fuze cylinder 5 has a large number of fuze holes 51 formed on the entire surface of a cylinder wall 50 thereof. One end in the axial direction is closed by a blind plate 52, and the other end is provided with a combustion tube. 1 and communicates with a discharge port 60 for the compressed air of the blower 6 disposed outside.

In this example, the injection cylinder 5 is disposed in the combustion cylinder 1 such that one end side closed by the blind plate 52 is an upper end and the other end side communicating with the discharge port 60 of the blower 6 is a lower end. The lower end of the mounting cylinder 53 is provided in the mounting hole 18 formed in the bottom plate 1c of the combustion cylinder 1.
And is attached to and supported by it.
By connecting the discharge port 60 of the blower 6 from below,
The compressed air discharged from the blower 6 is blown out from blast holes 51 provided in the cylinder wall 50.

The blower 6 discharges compressed air from a discharge port 60 by rotating a wind wing stored in the casing 6a by the operation of a motor m mounted on the outer surface of the casing 6a. Are arranged on the lower surface side of the combustion tube 1 and are supported on the supporting legs 17 by using appropriate support fittings.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, the cyclone 9 is open at the axial center portion of the container body 90 having a funnel-shaped longitudinal section, with the upper end protruding toward the upper surface of the container body 90 and open to the outside. An exhaust pipe 91 whose lower end protrudes into the container body 90 and opens to the inside is provided. A collecting case 92 for collecting collected ash and dust is detachably connected to the lower end whose diameter is reduced in a funnel shape. Then, an inlet 93 extending in the cut line direction is provided on the peripheral wall of the enlarged diameter portion of the vessel 90, and gas taken in from the intake 93 is supplied to the inner surface of the peripheral wall of the enlarged section of the vessel 90. The dust is suspended upward in the swirling gas and separated and collected by centrifugal force, and the dust is dropped downward and collected in the collection case 92. It is of the form.

The cyclone 9 is arranged in parallel with the outside of the combustion tube 1, assembled and supported on the combustion tube 1 by a suitable support member, and has an intake port 93 for the exhaust port 1 provided in the combustion tube 1.
By connecting the exhaust gas to the exhaust pipe 91, exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust port 1d after burning in the combustion tube 1 is received, and ash and dust floating in the exhaust gas are separated and collected.
From the outside.

FIG. 6 shows another embodiment. In this embodiment, the injection cylinder 5 disposed in the combustion cylinder 1 is in a state in which one end side closed by a blind plate 52 is located at a lower side, and the other end side which is opened is located at an upper side. One end of the air guide pipe 61 is connected, and the other end thereof is connected to the discharge port 60 of the blower 6 disposed below the combustion tube 1. Is the same as that of the above embodiment.

[0028]

As described above, according to the present invention, the waste M is placed in the combustion cylinder 1 formed in a bottomed cylindrical shape whose upper surface side is opened as the opening 1a by the peripheral wall 1b and the bottom plate 1c. It is put into a state where it is deposited on the bottom in the combustion cylinder 1, ignited from the upper surface side, and a small-diameter jet having a height several times the deposition height of the refuse M previously arranged in the combustion cylinder 1. The cylinder wall 50 of the cylinder 5
By operating the blower 6 to blow out combustion air from a large number of blast holes 51 provided on the entire surface of the combustion chamber to perform a combustion operation, the entire refuse M deposited on the bottom in the combustion cylinder 1 is carbonized, The gas which is vaporized thereby is discharged to the upper and lower intermediate portions of the fuze cylinder 5 on the upper surface side of the refuse M deposition layer.
The primary combustion is performed by the combustion air ejected from the first and second combustion, and the secondary combustion is performed by the combustion air ejected from the ejection holes 51 on the upper end side of the ejection cylinder 5 in the combustion cylinder 1 above the combustion air. Garbage can be burned with almost no smoke generation.

The vaporized gas generated by the dry distillation of the waste M charged into the bottom of the combustion cylinder 1 and burned in the combustion cylinder 1 has an open port 1a on the upper surface side of the combustion cylinder 1 covered by the cover plate 3. The exhaust port 1 opened at the upper end of the peripheral wall 1b of the combustion cylinder 1
d to the outside, flows into the vessel body 90 through the inlet 93 of the cyclone 9 attached to the outside of the combustion tube 1, and ash and fine cinders floating in the exhaust gas are separated and collected. -Only the non-burning exhaust gas is discharged from the exhaust pipe 93.

Therefore, the refuse can be burned without smoke, and ash and cinders are not scattered around the circumference.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal side view of a conventional refuse combustion furnace.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the same.

FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional side view of a refuse combustion furnace according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the same.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional plan view of the combustion furnace.

FIG. 6 is a longitudinal side view of another embodiment of the combustion furnace of the above.

[Explanation of symbols]

A: combustion furnace, M: refuse, m: motor, 1: combustion cylinder, 1
a: open port, 1b: peripheral wall, 1c: bottom plate, 1d: exhaust port,
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Bottom board, 11 ... Inlet, 12 ... Smoke outlet, 13 ... Accumulation part, 14 ... Screw outlet, 15 ... Lid, 16 ... Inlet, 17 ... Leg, 18 ... Mounting hole, 2 ... Rostor, 20 ... Floor board Part, 3 ...
Lid plate, 30 hinge, 4 chimney, 5 fumarolic cylinder, 50 tubing wall, 51 fumarole, 52 blind plate, 53 mounting cylinder, 6
Blower, 6a: casing, 60: discharge port, 61: air guide tube, 7: cleaning port, 8: open / close lid, 9: cyclone, 90
... body, 91 ... exhaust pipe, 92 ... collection case, 93 ... intake.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification number Agency reference number FI Technical display location F23G 5/44 ZAB F23G 5/44 ZABG

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A refuse M is deposited in a combustion cylinder 1 having a bottomed cylindrical shape whose upper surface side is opened as an opening 1a by a peripheral wall 1b made of an iron plate and a bottom plate 1c, and is deposited on the bottom in the combustion cylinder 1. To be ignited from the upper surface side of the deposited layer of the waste M, and the waste M is disposed in the combustion cylinder 1 in advance.
The combustion operation is performed by blasting combustion air by the operation of the blower 6 from a large number of blast holes 51 formed on the entire surface of the cylinder wall 50 of the small-diameter blast tube 5 having a height several times as high as the accumulation height of the blast. Then, the entirety of the refuse M deposited on the bottom of the combustion cylinder 1 is dry-distilled, so that the gas that evaporates is discharged from the upper and lower intermediate flare holes 51 of the fuze cylinder 5 on the upper surface side of the deposition layer of the refuse M.
Are primarily burned by the combustion air ejected from the combustion cylinder, and further in the combustion cylinder 1 above the combustion cylinder 5
The secondary combustion is performed by the combustion air ejected from the fumaroles 51 on the upper end side of the exhaust gas.
An intake port 9 of a cyclone 9 attached to the combustion cylinder 1 is ejected from an exhaust port 1d provided at an upper end portion of a peripheral wall 1b of the combustion cylinder 1.
3. A method for burning garbage, wherein the ash and dust floating in the exhaust gas are separated and recovered from the exhaust gas by the cyclone 9. 2. A combustion tube 1 formed in a bottomed cylindrical shape whose upper surface side is opened as an opening 1a by a peripheral wall 1b made of an iron plate and a bottom plate 1c. The short, small-diameter fuze cylinder 5 is disposed with its axis aligned substantially parallel to the axis of the combustion cylinder 1, and a number of blast holes 51 are formed on the entire surface of the cylinder wall 50. One end in the axial direction of the injection cylinder 5 is closed by a blind plate 52, and the opening on the other end in the axial direction is connected to the discharge port 60 of the blower 6 disposed outside the combustion cylinder 1. The opening 1a is closed by an openable and closable cover plate 3, and an exhaust port 1d for discharging exhaust gas is provided at the upper end of the peripheral wall 1b of the combustion cylinder 1. A garbage combustion furnace with 93 connections.