JPH102517A - Refuse combustion method and combustion furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To burn refuse by using a combustion furnace in a way that the generation of smoke to worsen peripheral environment is prevented as a combustion furnace forms a small type for a house use and appearance is held and handling is improved without assembling a high chimney at the combustion furnace. SOLUTION: Refuse is charged in a combustion cylinder 1 formed in the shape of a cylinder with a bottom in a state that the refuse is accumulated on the inner bottom of the combustion cylinder 1. Ignition is effected from the upper surface side of an accumulation layer of refuse M. Combustion air is injected through a number of nozzle holes 51..., formed in the whole surface of the cylinder wall of a small nozzle cylinder 5 having height several times as high as the accumulation height of the refuse M previously disposed in the combustion cylinder 1, through operation of a blower 6 to effect combustion operation. Through the combustion operation, dry distillation of a whole of the refuse M accumulated on the bottom of the combustion cylinder 1 is effected. Gas vaporized through the dry distillation is caused to effect primary combustion on the upper surface side of the accumulation layer of the refuse M by combustion air injected through the nozzle holes 51... in an intermediate part between the upper and lower parts of the nozzle cylinder 5. Further, secondary combustion is effected in a position thereabove in the combustion cylinder 1 by combustion air injected through the nozzle holes 51... on the upper end side of the nozzle cylinder 5.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a combustion method and a combustion furnace for burning miscellaneous garbage such as defoliated leaves, wood chips, styrofoam packaging material scraps and old tires which are discarded as waste in daily life. Regarding improvement.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The incineration of miscellaneous garbage discarded as waste in daily life is carried out in household or small-scale furnaces A
The combustion furnace A is usually operated as shown in FIG.
As shown in the figure, the diameter is 50cm inside and outside and the height is 1m
The inner and outer cylindrical combustion cylinders 1, which are mainly made of a furnace, are formed of an iron plate or the like,
In the bore of the combustion cylinder 1, a rostral 2 formed by a punching plate or the like into a cage shape smaller in diameter than the internal method of the combustion cylinder 1, at a position where its floor plate portion 20 is raised above the bottom plate 10 of the combustion cylinder 1. And a refuse inlet 11 is opened at a position near one side of the upper surface of the combustion cylinder 1 and closed with a detachable lid plate 3. A chimney 4 is connected to a flue gas outlet 12 at a position close to the other side, and a chimney 4 is connected thereto. An opening 14 for scraping out the ash that accumulates from the ash accumulating portion 13 formed between them is opened, and an openable and closable lid 15 is attached thereto, and at an appropriate position on the lower part of the body peripheral wall of the combustion cylinder 1, The air intakes 16 are opened and configured.

When the waste is incinerated by using this, the cover plate 3 on the upper surface of the combustion tube 1 is removed and the charging port 11 is removed.
, And from there, refuse to be incinerated is thrown in, closed with the lid plate 3, the raking port 14 is opened, and the stack 13 is ignited by a squib inserted thereinto and started. By the way, the lid 15 is closed, and the generated smoke and combustion gas are discharged from the chimney 4 to perform the combustion operation.

[0004]

The above-mentioned conventional combustion furnace A
When you burn garbage, it will generate a lot of smoke. In particular, if the garbage to be burned is garbage that contains moisture such as raw fallen leaves or pruned raw tree branches, it becomes irritating, causing a large amount of smoke to be generated, thus deteriorating the surrounding environment. There is.

In order to achieve this, the height of the chimney 4 connected to the exhaust port 12 of the combustion tube 1 can be increased. To connect the high chimney 4 to a small combustion furnace A used at home, it is necessary to connect the same. ,
The need for a support device for the chimney 4 raises another problem that not only increases the manufacturing cost but also complicates handling.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problem that occurs when refuse is burned by using the above-mentioned conventional combustion furnace. To provide a new means of burning garbage using a combustion furnace while keeping the appearance of the combustion furnace as a small household and improving the handling while preventing the generation of smoke, which would worsen the surrounding environment The purpose is to:

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been completed based on the knowledge obtained through various studies and experiments for the above-mentioned purpose.

[0008] That is, a large amount of smoke is generated when refuse is put into a combustion furnace and burned, because the refuse is incompletely burned. The lack of smoke and the incomplete combustion that occurs during the combustion of this garbage are due to the lack of combustion air relative to the amount of combustibles, and a sufficient amount of combustion air It has been found that complete combustion can be obtained if supplied.

From this, as shown in FIG.
A bottomed combustion cylinder 1 having a diameter D of about 0.8 m and a height H of about 1.2 m is formed of an iron plate. Separately, a diameter of about 10 cm is provided in the cylinder wall 50 and a plurality of blast holes 51 are provided. The cylinder 5 is formed to have a length corresponding to the depth of the inner cavity of the combustion cylinder 1, and the axial direction of the cylinder 5 is set at an appropriate position in the inner cavity of the combustion cylinder 1.
The upper and lower ends of the blower 6 are closed with blind plates 52, and the discharge port 60 of the blower 6 for discharging the compressed air is connected to the other end. Air is blown out from a large number of blowholes 51 provided in the cylinder wall 50 of the blowout cylinder 5 to almost the entire bore of the combustion cylinder 1 as compressed air whose blowing direction is along the horizontal direction. A small amount of dust M having a deposition height of about 20% of the depth of the combustion cylinder 1 is introduced from the open port 1a on the upper surface side of the combustion cylinder 1 and deposited on the bottom of the combustion cylinder 1. In this state, when a dust or the like is thrown into the upper surface of the thrown garbage M and ignited, and the garbage M burns out, the blower 6 is operated to supply compressed air. The ignited part of the refuse M that has been thrown into the bottom part and lit on a part of it, Blowhole 51 Fumarolic tube 5 as ...
Is burned violently by the air ejected from the refuse, and the heat thereof causes the entire refuse M deposited on the bottom in the combustion tube 1 to be heated and carbonized, thereby being vaporized. On the upper surface of the refuse M on which the gas is deposited, the blast holes 51 located at the upper and lower intermediate portions of the blast holes 51.
The primary combustion gas is primarily combusted in the upper and lower intermediate portions of the combustion cylinder 1 by the combustion air ejected from the... It is understood that the secondary combustion is performed by the combustion air ejected from the fumaroles 51, and the combustion operation of the refuse M can be performed without generating chimney almost without the chimney 4. Therefore, when the combustion of the refuse M progresses and the accumulation height of the refuse M decreases, the refuse M is additionally supplied so that the accumulation height when the refuse M is first supplied is maintained. Thus, a result was obtained in which the refuse M could be continuously burned in the combustion cylinder 1 in a state of complete combustion without generating almost any smoke.

[0010] From the above, according to the present invention, as a means for achieving the above-mentioned object, the waste M
Into a combustion cylinder 1 formed into a bottomed tubular shape whose upper surface side is opened as an opening 1a by a peripheral wall 1b made of an iron plate and a bottom plate 1c, in a state of being deposited on the bottom in the combustion cylinder 1;
Ignition is performed from the upper surface side of the accumulation layer of the refuse M, and the combustion cylinder 1
The blower 6 is operated by operating the blower 6 from a large number of blast holes 51, which are provided in advance in the entire surface of the cylinder wall 50 of the small-diameter fuze cylinder 5 having a height several times the pile height of the refuse M. By performing a combustion operation by blowing air, the whole of the refuse M deposited on the bottom of the combustion cylinder 1 is carbonized, so that the vaporized gas is injected on the upper surface side of the deposition layer of the refuse M. Primary combustion is performed by the combustion air ejected from the upper and lower intermediate blowing holes 51 of the cylinder 5, and further, the upper blowing side 51 of the blowing cylinder 5 in the combustion cylinder 1 above it.
The secondary combustion is performed by the combustion air ejected from..., And the combustion operation is continued by adding new waste M so that the accumulation height of the waste M decreases as the accumulation height decreases as the combustion proceeds. In addition, the present invention proposes a refuse combustion method characterized by the fact that, at the same time, the inside of a combustion cylinder 1 having a bottomed tubular shape whose upper surface side is opened as an opening 1a by a peripheral wall 1b made of an iron plate and a bottom plate 1c. A small-diameter injection cylinder 5 which is somewhat shorter depending on the depth of the inner cavity of the combustion cylinder 1 is disposed so that its axis is substantially parallel to the axis of the combustion cylinder 1, and the entire surface of the cylinder wall 50 is provided. , A blower 6 having one end in the axial direction of the injection cylinder 5 closed with a blind plate 52 and the other end in the axial direction disposed outside the combustion cylinder 1. Discharge port 60
The present invention proposes a refuse combustion furnace which is connected to a refuse.

[0011]

In the means of the present invention constructed as described above, the refuse M charged into the combustion cylinder 1 and burned is placed on the bottom of the combustion cylinder 1 at a depth of about 2/3 times the depth of the combustion cylinder 1. And the upper surface thereof is ignited by, for example, knocking, and in this state, the blower 6 is operated to blow air from the blast holes 51 formed in the cylinder wall 50 of the blast cylinder 5. Then, the ignited portion burns violently due to the ignition, and the heat causes the entire refuse M to be carbonized at the bottom in the combustion tube 1.

Then, the vaporized gas generated from the dust M is located on the upper surface side of the dust M in the upper and lower middle portions of the blast holes 51 formed in the cylinder wall 50 of the blast cylinder 5. Primary combustion is performed by the air ejected from the blowout holes 51 that are present, and the combustion gas is subjected to secondary combustion by the air ejected from the blowout holes 51 at the upper end of the spray cylinder 5 above the combustion gas. As a result, the inside of the combustion cylinder 1 is heated by the heat at this time, and the carbonization of the waste M put into the piled state at the bottom portion is advanced, so that more gas is generated or combusted.

Thus, when the amount of the refuse M is decreasing, the refuse M is added and charged so as to have the above-described accumulation height, so that the refuse M is carbonized and burned. Then, the refuse M can be burned with almost no generation of smoke.

[0014]

Next, an embodiment will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, the same reference numerals are used for components having the same effects as those of the conventional means.

FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional front view of a combustion furnace A for carrying out the present invention, in which 1 is a combustion cylinder, 5 is an injection cylinder, 6 is a blower, 7 is a cleaning port, and 8 is a cleaning port 7. 3 shows an opening / closing lid to be closed.

The combustion cylinder 1 has a diameter of about 80 cm due to an iron plate.
It is formed into a cylindrical shape with a bottom having a depth of about 120 cm, and supports 17 are attached to the lower surface thereof.

The combustion cylinder 1 has a body peripheral surface and a bottom surface hermetically enclosed by a peripheral wall 1b and a bottom plate 1c.
The opening 1a is an inlet through which refuse M to be burned is injected.

A cleaning port 7 is provided at the lower end of the peripheral wall 1b, and is closed by an openable and closable lid 8.

The fuze cylinder 5 has a diameter of about 10 cm due to an iron plate.
Is formed in a cylindrical shape whose length is slightly shorter than the depth of the combustion cylinder 1, and its axis is set in a position parallel to the axis of the combustion cylinder 1 at an appropriate position in the combustion cylinder 1. The lower end thereof is positioned so as to be close to the upper surface of the bottom plate 1c of the combustion cylinder 1, and the upper end is arranged to occupy a position slightly lower than the opening 1a on the upper surface side of the combustion cylinder 1.

In the example shown in FIG. 5, the injection cylinder 5 is disposed at a position closer to one side in the combustion cylinder 1.
There is a case where it is arranged at an axial center position in the combustion cylinder 1.

The fuze cylinder 5 has a large number of fuze holes 51 on the entire surface of a cylinder wall 50 thereof. One end in the axial direction is closed by a blind plate 52, and the other end is a combustion cylinder. 1 and communicates with a discharge port 60 for the compressed air of the blower 6 disposed outside.

In this example, the injection cylinder 5 is disposed in the combustion cylinder 1 such that one end closed by the blind plate 52 is an upper end and the opening at the other end communicating with the discharge port 60 of the blower 6 is a lower end. The lower end of the mounting cylinder 53 is provided in the mounting hole 18 formed in the bottom plate 1c of the combustion cylinder 1.
And is attached to and supported by it.
By connecting the discharge port 60 of the blower 6 from below,
The compressed air discharged from the blower 6 is blown out from blast holes 51 provided in the cylinder wall 50.

The blower 6 is a normal blower that discharges compressed air from a discharge port 60 by rotating a wind wing stored in a casing 6a by an operation of a motor m mounted on an outer surface of the casing 6a. Are arranged on the lower surface side of the combustion tube 1 and are supported on the supporting legs 17 by using appropriate support fittings.

FIG. 3 shows another embodiment. In this embodiment, the injection cylinder 5 disposed in the combustion cylinder 1 is in a state in which one end side closed by a blind plate 52 is located at a lower side, and the other end side which is opened is located at an upper side. One end of the air guide tube 9 is connected, and the other end is connected to the discharge port 60 of the blower 6 disposed below the combustion tube 1. Is the same as that of the above embodiment.

[0025]

As described above, according to the present invention, the waste M is placed in the combustion cylinder 1 formed in a bottomed cylindrical shape whose upper surface side is opened as the opening 1a by the peripheral wall 1b and the bottom plate 1c. It is put into a state where it is deposited on the bottom in the combustion cylinder 1, ignited from the upper surface side, and a small-diameter jet having a height several times the deposition height of the refuse M previously arranged in the combustion cylinder 1. The cylinder wall 50 of the cylinder 5
By operating the blower 6 to blow out combustion air from a large number of blast holes 51 provided on the entire surface of the combustion chamber to perform a combustion operation, the entire refuse M deposited on the bottom in the combustion cylinder 1 is carbonized, The gas which is vaporized thereby is discharged to the upper and lower intermediate portions of the fuze cylinder 5 on the upper surface side of the refuse M deposition layer.
The primary combustion is performed by the combustion air ejected from the first and second combustion, and the secondary combustion is performed by the combustion air ejected from the ejection holes 51 on the upper end side of the ejection cylinder 5 in the combustion cylinder 1 above the combustion air. Garbage can be burned with almost no smoke generation.

When the accumulation height of the refuse M introduced into the bottom of the combustion cylinder 1 decreases as the combustion operation proceeds,
By additionally adding new refuse M so as to have the initial deposition height, the dry distillation and the primary combustion and secondary combustion of the vaporized gas due to it are performed in the combustion cylinder 1, so once started, The combustion operation of the waste M can be continuously performed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal side view of a conventional refuse combustion furnace.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the same.

FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional side view of a refuse combustion furnace according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a partially broken perspective view of the same.

FIG. 5 is a vertical side view of another embodiment of the combustion furnace of the above.

[Explanation of symbols]

A: combustion furnace, M: refuse, m: motor, 1: combustion cylinder, 1
a: open mouth, 1b: peripheral wall, 1c: bottom plate, 10: bottom plate, 1
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Inlet, 12 ... Smoke outlet, 13 ... Accumulation part, 14 ... Scratch port, 15 ... Lid, 16 ... Inlet, 17 ... Support leg, 18 ... Mounting hole, 2 ... Rostor, 20 ... Floor board part, 3 ... Lid plate, 4 chimney, 5 fuze cylinder, 50 hull wall, 51 fuze hole, 52 blind plate, 53 mounting tube, 6 blower, 6a casing, 60 discharge port, 7 cleaning port , 8 ... open / close lid, 9 ... air guide tube.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A refuse M is deposited in a combustion cylinder 1 having a bottomed cylindrical shape whose upper surface side is opened as an opening 1a by a peripheral wall 1b made of an iron plate and a bottom plate 1c, and is deposited on the bottom in the combustion cylinder 1. To be ignited from the upper surface side of the deposited layer of the waste M, and the waste M is disposed in the combustion cylinder 1 in advance.
The combustion operation is performed by blasting combustion air by the operation of the blower 6 from a large number of blast holes 51 formed on the entire surface of the cylinder wall 50 of the small-diameter blast tube 5 having a height several times as high as the accumulation height of the blast. Then, the entirety of the refuse M deposited on the bottom of the combustion cylinder 1 is dry-distilled, so that the gas that evaporates is discharged from the upper and lower intermediate flare holes 51 of the fuze cylinder 5 on the upper surface side of the deposition layer of the refuse M.
Are primarily burned by the combustion air ejected from the combustion cylinder, and further in the combustion cylinder 1 above the combustion cylinder 5
The secondary combustion is performed by the combustion air ejected from the blowing holes 51 on the upper end side of the garbage, and additional refuse M is added so that the accumulation height of the refuse M is reduced to the initial accumulation height as the combustion proceeds. A method for burning refuse, wherein the burning operation is continued. 2. A combustion tube 1 formed in a bottomed cylindrical shape whose upper surface side is opened as an opening 1a by a peripheral wall 1b made of an iron plate and a bottom plate 1c. The short, small-diameter fuze cylinder 5 is disposed with its axis aligned substantially parallel to the axis of the combustion cylinder 1, and a number of blast holes 51 are formed on the entire surface of the cylinder wall 50. Burning of refuse by closing one end in the axial direction of the fuze cylinder 5 with a blind plate 52 and connecting the opening on the other end in the axial direction to the discharge port 60 of the blower 6 disposed outside the combustion cylinder 1 Furnace.