JPH1025762A - Crusher for concrete etc. - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Problem] To stabilize the crushing reaction force by changing the pushing force of the breaker, prevent the construction machine from falling over when performing work by attaching it to the construction machine, and punch out the object to be crushed with the breaker. In this case, the breaking of the breaker is automatically stopped, and the crushing of the cable tube or the like arranged on the back surface of the object to be crushed is prevented. A push cylinder which is hydraulically driven by a crusher main body which is detachably fixed to a tip of a mounting base such as a boom is provided. A breaker for crushing is attached to a rod of a pushing cylinder, and a breaker can be pushed toward an object to be crushed such as concrete. 2 which reaches the head side hydraulic chamber in the oil passage with the hydraulic pressure source connected to the head side hydraulic chamber of the pushing cylinder
The pushing thrust of the breaker can be maintained at a set pressure by interposing a balancing valve capable of adjusting the secondary pressure. Also, a differential pressure drive valve is provided in the oil passage connected to the rod side hydraulic chamber of the pushing cylinder so that the oil passage can be shut off by a differential pressure between the primary pressure and the secondary pressure, so that the pushing movement of the breaker changes suddenly. Can be blocked

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a crusher for concrete and the like, and more particularly to a crusher which can be attached to and detached from a boom provided in a working vehicle.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional general concrete crusher is
An operator holds a crusher body equipped with a breaker, and performs crushing work by pressing the tip chisel of the breaker against the surface of the crushing object of the operator.
In such a crusher, since the work depends on a human pushing force and the work efficiency is reduced, an example in which a breaker is mechanically held and a breaker as the crusher is pushed by a cylinder is presented. ing. For example, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No.
Japanese Patent Publication No. 207146 discloses a structure in which a saddle that can be fixed to concrete to be crushed is provided, holding means having a structure in which a mast is erected on the saddle, and a pushing cylinder and a breaker are mounted on the mast. The crushing operation is performed by hitting the breaker against the concrete surface and driving down the pushing cylinder so that the crushing reaction force is received by the saddle. In some cases, a breaker is attached to the end of the boom of a small construction machine so that the crush reaction force is received by its own weight.

[0003]

However, in the conventional crusher, although an example is seen in which the breaker is lowered to the pushing by the pushing cylinder, adjusting the pushing force requires changing the cylinder hydraulic power source. Therefore, even when the object to be crushed is changed from concrete to asphalt or the like, the crushing operation is always performed with the same pushing force. This not only wastes energy but also causes crushing beyond the crushing area due to excessive pushing force, which requires a separate repair work. Also, when crushing with a breaker, for example, crushing concrete with a constant thickness, the breaker is pushed in with a certain force, so the reaction force disappears sharply when the concrete is punched out, especially when working with construction equipment. When mounted on a vehicle, the working vehicle itself may fall over, which is extremely dangerous.
Furthermore, even if the concrete punching is completed, the pushing action is continued, so if there is a cable tube or the like under the concrete, it will be further punched out, and the cable will be damaged or it will be an electric system cable. In such a case, problems such as electric shock were caused.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and is intended to stabilize the reaction force of a crushing device by making the pushing force of a breaker variable, and to perform the work by attaching to a construction machine. It is an object of the present invention to provide a crusher for concrete or the like which can prevent a fall. In addition, when a crushed object is punched by a breaker, the breaker is automatically stopped from pushing, and a highly safe crushing method that prevents the crushing of cable pipes etc. located on the back of the crushed object The purpose is to provide a machine.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, a crusher for concrete or the like according to the present invention comprises a pushing cylinder which is hydraulically driven by a crusher main body which can be detachably fixed to a tip of a mounting base such as a boom or the like. And a breaker for crushing is attached to the rod of the pushing cylinder so that the breaker can be pushed toward the object to be crushed such as concrete, and the oil between the hydraulic pressure source connected to the head side hydraulic chamber of the pushing cylinder is provided. The pushing force of the breaker can be maintained at a set pressure by interposing a balancing valve which can adjust the secondary pressure reaching the head side hydraulic chamber in the road.

A concrete or other crusher according to a second aspect of the present invention is provided with a push-in cylinder which is hydraulically driven on a crusher main body which can be detachably fixed to a tip of a mounting stand such as a boom or the like.
A breaker for crushing is attached to the rod of the pushing cylinder so that the breaker can be pushed toward a crushing object such as concrete, and the primary pressure and the pressure 2 are supplied to an oil passage connected to the rod side hydraulic chamber of the pushing cylinder. A differential pressure drive valve capable of shutting off the oil passage by the differential pressure of the secondary pressure is provided to prevent a sudden change in the pushing movement of the breaker.

Further, the crusher for concrete or the like according to the third invention is provided with a push-in cylinder which is hydraulically driven on a crusher main body which can be detachably fixed to a tip of a mounting base such as a boom or the like,
A breaker for crushing is attached to the rod of the pushing cylinder so that the breaker can be pushed toward an object to be crushed such as concrete, and the head side is inserted into an oil passage with a hydraulic source connected to the head side hydraulic chamber of the pushing cylinder. A balancing valve capable of adjusting the secondary pressure to the hydraulic chamber is interposed, so that the pushing thrust of the breaker can be maintained at a set pressure, and a hydraulic valve connected to the rod-side hydraulic chamber of the pushing cylinder. A differential pressure drive valve capable of shutting off an oil passage by a differential pressure between the primary pressure and the secondary pressure is provided to prevent a sudden change in the pushing movement of the breaker.

[0008]

According to the above construction, the pushing cylinder for applying a thrust to the breaker gives a lowering operation of the breaker by supplying the pressure to the head side hydraulic chamber. The valve has a structure in which the pressure reducing valve and the relief valve are integrated, and can maintain the secondary pressure at a constant (set pressure). The secondary pressure can be adjusted, and the thrust of the cylinder into the breaker can be adjusted. Therefore, especially when the crusher is attached to the boom tip of the work machine, It is possible to prevent a situation such as falling down. In particular, since the set pressure can be adjusted arbitrarily, the pushing thrust can be adjusted when the object to be crushed is changed, so that excessive reaction force transmission to the mounting base of the crusher main body can be suppressed and unnecessary crushing energy is used. Consumption can be prevented.

Also, when a differential pressure drive valve is interposed in an oil passage communicating with the rod side hydraulic chamber of the pushing cylinder, the amount of oil discharged from the rod side hydraulic chamber increases, and the pressure becomes abnormally higher than the secondary side. Then, the rod pushes the breaker excessively and moves, and the discharge of the hydraulic oil is stopped assuming that the crush reaction force has disappeared. As a result, it is detected that the breaker has punched the object to be crushed, such as concrete, and the pushing operation can be automatically stopped in an emergency.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a concrete embodiment of a crusher for concrete or the like according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The embodiment shows an example in which a crusher is attached to a boom of a small construction machine, which is shown in FIG. The small construction machine 10 has a traveling drive mechanism using a crawler 12, and has a bell crank-shaped up-and-down boom 16 mounted on an upper swivel 14, which can be vertically moved by an up-and-down cylinder 18. The boom 16 is a mounting base for the crusher 20, and therefore, the swivel base 14 and the boom 16
Is the operating range of the crusher 20.

A crusher 20 is attached to the tip of a boom 16 as a mounting base. The crusher 20 includes a pushing cylinder 24 pivotally mounted on a horizontal shaft 22 at the tip of the boom 16.
And holds the pushing cylinder 24 so as to be rotatable in a vertical plane. In order to change the pushing direction by the rotation of the pushing cylinder 24, a turning arm 26 is attached to the horizontal shaft 22, one end of the arm 26 is connected to a bracket 28 provided on the cylinder upper side, and the other end is connected to the boom 16. It is connected to a swing cylinder 30. The swivel cylinder 30 is extended and contracted with the boom side as a mounting base, and rotates the swivel arm 26 to rotate the push cylinder 24 about the horizontal shaft 22.

The pushing cylinder 24 is arranged so that its cylinder rod 32 is normally extended and contracted downward. A breaker mounting base 34 is held at the tip of the rod 32. As a result, the breaker mounting base 34 moves up and down in accordance with the expansion and contraction of the cylinder rod 32. In order to prevent the base 34 from swinging, a guide shaft 36 parallel to the pushing cylinder 24 is mounted on the base 34.
The guide shaft 36 is inserted through a guide 38 provided on the bracket 28.

The breaker mounting gantry 24 is moved up and down by the above configuration. The gantry 24 is provided with a breaker 40 for crushing concrete. Breaker 4
Numeral 0 indicates that the chisel 42 is repeatedly vibrated by hydraulic pressure or pneumatic pressure to perform a crushing operation, and may have a generally known structure.

With such a structure, the small construction machine 10 is moved to the work place, and the swivel 14 and the boom 16 are operated so that the chisel 42 of the breaker 40 abuts on the target position of the concrete to be crushed. Then, the crushing operation can be performed while driving the pushing cylinder 24 to lower the breaker 40. In this work mode, as shown in FIG. 3, when the small construction machine 10 is on the traveling floor surface side, the direction of the breaker 40 is set so as to face the floor surface portion. By operating the turning cylinder 30 at the tip, the crushing position can be made to work toward a more forward position (FIG. 3 (1)). Also, the swing arm 26
Is rotated by the revolving cylinder 30, so that the pushing cylinder 24 can be oriented in the horizontal direction, and the vertical wall can be crushed as shown in FIG. 3 (2).

Here, in the above-described crusher, the pushing thrust given to the breaker 40 is applied to the pushing cylinder 24 which is hydraulically driven.
This driving circuit is shown in FIG. As shown, the pushing cylinder 24 is provided with a head-side hydraulic chamber 44.
The hydraulic oil is supplied to the head to drive the breaker 40. For this purpose, a supply oil passage 48 for supplying the hydraulic oil supplied from the hydraulic pressure source 46 to the head-side hydraulic chamber 44 is provided. A balancing valve 50 capable of adjusting the secondary pressure reaching the head-side hydraulic chamber 44 is interposed in such a path in the supply oil path 48 so that the pushing thrust of the breaker 40 can be maintained at a set pressure. I have. That is, the accumulator 52 is installed on the hydraulic pressure source 46 side at the upstream end of the supply oil passage 48 to absorb the pulsation, but the balancing valve 50 is interposed downstream of the accumulator 52. This balancing valve 50
Has a structure in which a pressure reducing valve and a relief valve are integrated to maintain the secondary pressure at a constant pressure (set pressure), and the introduction side is connected to a hydraulic pressure source 46 which is the primary side. Pipe 50
A, a discharge line 50B to the tank 54 is provided, and a secondary pressure detection line 50C is provided. The valve outlet pressure (secondary pressure) is adjusted according to the set pressure. When this occurs, the hydraulic oil is relieved to the tank 54. In the embodiment, the source pressure of the hydraulic pressure source 46 can be set at 100 kg / cm2 within a set pressure range of 10 to 66 kg / cm2. This allows the pushing cylinder 24
Is supplied with hydraulic oil at a pressure set by the balancing valve 50, and the thrust to be pushed into the breaker 40 is determined.

The supply of hydraulic oil to the pushing cylinder 24 reduces the volume in the rod-side hydraulic chamber 56 and discharges the internal hydraulic oil. A pressure drive valve 60 is provided. That is, a differential pressure driving valve 60 is provided near the discharge port of the pushing cylinder 24, and this is a differential pressure between the primary pressure on the rod-side hydraulic chamber 56 side and the secondary pressure downstream of the valve 60. The discharge oil passage 58 can be shut off by the pressure. The pressure detection tubes 60A and 60B are provided to detect the primary pressure and the secondary pressure, and when the differential pressure becomes equal to or higher than a set value, the discharge oil passage 58 is shut off and the push cylinder 24 is pressed. It is assumed that the lowering of the rod is locked. When the differential pressure is within the range of the predetermined value, the pressure is discharged through the throttle of the valve 60, and a constant propulsion movement is performed. When the breaker 40 punches a crushed object such as concrete, the pressure rise of the rod side hydraulic chamber 56 caused by the sudden movement of the cylinder rod 32 caused by the punching is detected, and the discharge oil passage 58 is shut off and locked. To prevent the sudden change of the pushing movement,
Thus, adjustment is made so as not to crush the cable tube and the like disposed on the back side of the crushing object.

An opening / closing valve mechanism 62 for the supply oil passage 48 and the discharge oil passage 58 connected to the pushing cylinder 24 is provided. When the apparatus is operated, the supply oil passage 48 is opened by the valve mechanism 62. To connect the hydraulic pressure source 46 and the head-side hydraulic chamber 44 with the rod-side hydraulic chamber 56.
Is connected to the tank 54 side. Further, a switching valve 63 having a check valve is further interposed in a discharge path from the rod-side hydraulic chamber 56 to the opening / closing valve mechanism 62.
The hydraulic lock is performed for safety.

Further, after the crushing operation by the breaker 40 is completed, a forcibly driven valve mechanism 64 for returning the pushing cylinder 24 to the original position or lowering the pushing cylinder 24 independently is provided in parallel with the supply / discharge path. Have been. This corresponds to the hydraulic pressure source 46 and the tank 54 side 2
A direction switching valve is provided between the primary side branch line 66 (66A, 66B) and the secondary side branch line 68 (68A, 68B) connected to each of the hydraulic chambers 44, 56 of the pushing cylinder 24. 70 is provided. The pushing cylinder 24 is driven reversibly by the operation of the direction switching valve 70. In the forced drive valve mechanism 64, 72 is a pressure reducing valve, 74 is an operate valve, and 76 is a flow control valve.

The breaker 40 can be constituted by a drive circuit independent of the operation circuit of the pushing cylinder 24 as described above, and can be operated by pneumatic operation. In the embodiment, a hydraulic drive system is employed. For this reason, the structure is such that the breaker chisel is operated with the hydraulic pressure source 46 in common, and the switching valve 78 supplies the working oil to the breaker 40 side.

In the crusher 20 made of concrete or the like configured as described above, the operating oil is supplied to the breaker 40 to make it operative, and the crushing thrust is given by the pushing cylinder 24. The pushing thrust is performed by supplying hydraulic pressure to the head side hydraulic chamber 44 of the pushing cylinder 24, and this hydraulic pressure is supplied through a balancing valve 50. The balancing valve 50 adjusts the supply pressure to the cylinder 24 to a set pressure, and acts so as to apply a constant pushing thrust to the breaker 40. Thereby, the pushing reaction force of the breaker 40 can be received by the crusher 20 itself, and even when the crusher 20 is mounted on the small construction machine 10, the reaction force to the small construction machine 10 can be kept constant. Work stability can be ensured. Further, a differential pressure drive valve 60 is provided on the outlet side of the rod-side hydraulic chamber 56 of the pushing cylinder 24, and the discharge oil passage can be shut off by the differential pressure across the valve 60. In the case where 42 is punched out, an emergency stop can be performed so that no further pushing action of the breaker 40 occurs. As a result, the danger of the small construction machine 10 losing the reaction force and falling over can be avoided, and the crushing operation with higher safety can be performed.

[0021]

As described above, according to the present invention,
The pushing thrust of the breaker is maintained at a set pressure by interposing a balancing valve capable of adjusting the secondary pressure reaching the head side hydraulic chamber in the oil path between the hydraulic pressure source connected to the head side hydraulic chamber of the pushing cylinder and the hydraulic source connected to the pushing cylinder. A pressure differential drive valve that is capable of shutting off an oil passage by a differential pressure between a primary pressure and a secondary pressure in an oil passage connected to a rod-side hydraulic chamber of the pushing cylinder. It is possible to prevent the sudden change of the pushing movement of the breaker, so that the breaking force is stabilized while the breaking force of the breaker is variable, and when the crushing object is punched by the breaker, the pushing of the breaker is automatically stopped, Extremely safe concrete that can prevent the fall of the construction machine when performing work by attaching it to the construction machine while preventing the crushing of the cable pipe etc. arranged on the back side of the object to be crushed It can be a crusher of over door, and the like.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a hydraulic circuit diagram of a crusher according to an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is an overall side view and a front view in which the crusher of the embodiment is mounted on a small construction machine.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of an operation state of the small construction machine.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Small construction machine 12 Crawler 14 Swivel base 16 Undulating boom 18 Undulating cylinder 20 Crusher 22 Horizontal axis 24 Push-in cylinder 26 Swivel arm 28 Bracket 30 Swivel cylinder 32 Cylinder rod 34 Breaker mounting base 36 Guide shaft 38 Guide 40 Breaker 42 Chisel 44 Head Side hydraulic chamber 46 Hydraulic source 48 Supply oil path 50 Balancing valve 52 Accumulator 54 Tank 56 Rod side hydraulic chamber 58 Discharge oil path 60 Differential pressure drive valve 62 Opening / closing valve mechanism 64 Forced drive valve mechanism 66 Primary branch pipe line 68 Secondary Side branch line 70 Direction switching valve 72 Pressure reducing valve 74 Operate valve 76 Flow control valve 78 Switching valve

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing from the front page (72) Inventor Hirotaka Ohashi 5-6-4 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Mitsui Engineering & Shipbuilding Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Ichiro Mitsashi 3-1-1 Tamama, Tamano-shi, Okayama Mitsui (72) Inventor Takio Takeuchi 1-3-3 Takanawa, Minato-ku, Tokyo Toden Kogyo Co., Ltd.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A crusher body which is hydraulically driven is provided on a detachable and fixed crusher main body at the tip of a mounting base such as a boom or the like. A breaker is made capable of pushing operation, and a balancing valve capable of adjusting a secondary pressure reaching the head side hydraulic chamber is interposed in an oil passage between a head side hydraulic chamber of the pushing cylinder and a hydraulic source connected thereto. A crusher for concrete or the like, wherein the pushing thrust of the breaker can be maintained at a set pressure. 2. A crusher body which is hydraulically driven is provided on a detachable and fixed crusher main body at the tip of a mounting base such as a boom or the like. A breaker is made capable of pushing operation, and a differential pressure drive valve is provided in an oil passage connected to the rod side hydraulic chamber of the pushing cylinder so that the oil passage can be shut off by a differential pressure between the primary pressure and the secondary pressure. A crusher for concrete or the like, wherein a sudden change in the pushing movement of the breaker can be prevented. 3. A crusher body which is hydraulically driven is provided on a detachable and fixed crusher main body at the tip of a mounting base such as a boom or the like, and a crushing breaker is attached to a rod of the crushing cylinder to face a crushing object such as concrete. The breaker is made to be able to be pushed, and a balancing valve that can adjust a secondary pressure reaching the head-side hydraulic chamber is provided in an oil path between a hydraulic source connected to the head-side hydraulic chamber of the pushing cylinder and the hydraulic valve. The pushing thrust of the breaker can be maintained at the set pressure, and the oil passage can be cut off by the differential pressure between the primary pressure and the secondary pressure in the oil passage connected to the rod side hydraulic chamber of the pushing cylinder. A crusher for concrete or the like, wherein a differential pressure drive valve is provided to prevent a sudden change in the pushing movement of the breaker.