JPH1026320A - Waste pyrolysis drum and pyrolysis method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce mass production and operation costs by reducing cryogenic heat and to seal a mass in a pyrolysis residue discharged from a heat exchanging section in a discharge device and then to a cooling device, and a sealing mechanism. Prevent obstacles. SOLUTION: The supplied waste is indirectly heated, a heat exchange section for generating a carbonization gas and a pyrolysis residue of a nonvolatile component, and a carbonization gas G1 and a pyrolysis residue b are separated and discharged. And a discharge device 10. The discharge device 10 is provided with means for separating the lump m discharged together with the pyrolysis residue b from the heat exchange section, and the pyrolysis residue separated and removed from the lump is supplied to the cooling device. Guide and cool. The extracting means includes a liquid sealing means formed so as to extract the lump m through a liquid head having a predetermined depth H. The liquid sealing means is a liquid storage tank 10 g.
And an inclined pipe 10e connected to the discharge device 10 and having one end inserted into the storage w of the storage tank 10g at a predetermined depth H. The discharge device 10 separates the pyrolysis residue b and the lump m from each other. Separating plate 10d so as to discharge lump m to inclined tube 10e
Is installed internally.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a waste pyrolysis drum and a pyrolysis method, and more particularly to waste (general waste such as municipal waste from homes and offices, waste plastic, car shredder dust, and the like). Waste office equipment,
The present invention relates to a waste pyrolysis drum and a pyrolysis method suitable for separating lumps contained in combustible materials such as industrial wastes such as chemical products.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as one of apparatuses for treating industrial waste including general waste such as municipal waste and combustible materials such as waste plastic, the waste is put into a pyrolysis reactor and heated in a low oxygen atmosphere. To produce a carbonized gas and a pyrolysis residue mainly composed of non-volatile components. After further cooling the pyrolysis residue, the pyrolysis residue is led to a separator, where the combustible component and, for example, metal And separated into non-combustible components consisting of debris such as porcelain, porcelain, gravel, concrete fragments, etc. There is known a waste treatment apparatus in which combustion ash generated by burning in a furnace is converted into molten slag, and the molten slag is discharged and solidified by cooling (for example, see JP-A-1-49816).

[0003] In the waste pyrolysis drum, a rotary drum equipped with a heat transfer tube, which is a heat transfer surface for indirect heating, is usually used, but is supplied to a pyrolysis reactor (waste pyrolysis drum). Waste in a low oxygen atmosphere at 300 ° C
It is heated at a temperature of about 600 ° C., usually about 450 ° C. The pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis residue generated in the pyrolysis reactor are separated by a discharge device connected to an outlet of the pyrolysis reactor, and the pyrolysis residue is cooled by a cooling device. , And is separated into a combustible component and a non-combustible component by a separation device.

[0004]

By the way, in the conventional waste treatment apparatus as described above, since the pyrolysis residue discharged from the discharge apparatus is directly led to the cooling apparatus, much cooling heat is required in the cooling apparatus. Not only
There is a possibility that a seal mechanism provided downstream of the discharge device or the cooling device may be hindered. That is, the pyrolysis residue generated in the pyrolysis reactor contains a combustible component such as carbon and a non-burnable component such as metal and pottery such as rubble, and their particle diameters are variously different. By the way, the present inventors have analyzed the properties of the pyrolysis residue, and as a result, although the properties slightly changed depending on the nature of the refuse, the following Table 1 was used.
It was found that the ratio was as shown in FIG. Here, the total is for particles having a particle size of less than 5.

[0005]

[Table 1]

[0006] Therefore, when a pyrolysis residue having such a property containing a considerable amount of a large non-combustible component is introduced into a cooling device, a large amount of the non-combustible component is also cooled. A lot of cooling heat is required. This leads not only to an increase in the size of the cooling device, but to an increase in construction costs, and also to an increase in operating costs.

On the other hand, in such a waste treatment apparatus, a seal mechanism is provided on the downstream side of the discharge device or the cooling device in order to form a low oxygen atmosphere in the discharge device or the cooling device. There is a possibility that a trouble may occur due to, for example, the sexual component getting stuck in such a sealing mechanism, and as a result, the sealing performance may be impaired.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems.
A heat exchange unit that arranges a plurality of heat transfer tubes on the inner circumference of the rotating drum and indirectly heats the supplied waste through each of the heat transfer tubes to generate a dry distillation gas and a pyrolysis residue of nonvolatile components. And a waste pyrolysis drum provided with a discharge device for separating and discharging the carbonized gas and the pyrolysis residue, wherein the discharge device includes the carbonized gas and the pyrolysis residue discharged from a heat exchange unit. And a waste pyrolysis drum provided with a separation means for separating a lump composed of non-combustible components mixed in the pyrolysis residue. It is preferable that the discharge device is provided with a means for extracting the separated lump to the outside. The extracting means is configured to include liquid sealing means for extracting the lump through a liquid head having a predetermined depth. Further, the liquid sealing means may be configured to include a liquid storage tank and an inclined pipe connected to the discharge device and having one end inserted into a predetermined depth of the liquid stored in the liquid storage tank. The separating means is formed by a separating plate or a separating tube. In the waste pyrolysis method, the supplied waste is thermally decomposed by indirect heating, a pyrolysis gas and a pyrolysis residue mainly composed of nonvolatile components are generated, and the pyrolysis residue is burned. In a waste pyrolysis method comprising the steps of separating and discharging a non-flammable component and a non-combustible component, a step of separating the lump discharged together with the pyrolysis residue,
The method includes a step of extracting the separated lump to the outside or a step of storing it outside. According to this embodiment, when the waste is supplied to the heat exchange unit, the waste is heated in a low oxygen atmosphere and thermally decomposed, and a pyrolysis gas and a pyrolysis residue mainly composed of nonvolatile components are generated. The carbonized gas and the pyrolysis residue are separated in the discharge device, and the lump in the pyrolysis residue is separated, and the pyrolysis residue having a relatively small particle size is guided to the cooling device and cooled. The separated lump is discharged to the outside of the discharge device by the extracting means.

[0009]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the waste disposal apparatus using the waste thermal decomposition drum 6 according to the present embodiment heats and thermally decomposes the supplied waste a, and forms a non-volatile mainly with the carbonization gas G1. Heat exchange section 6a for producing a pyrolysis residue b of a volatile component, a dry distillation gas G1 and a pyrolysis residue b
And a waste pyrolysis drum 6 equipped with a discharge device 10 for separating and discharging the waste gas, and a pyrolysis residue b discharged from the discharge device 10 into a combustible component d and non-combustible components e1 and e2. And a melting furnace 9 for burning the carbonized gas G1 and the combustible component d and discharging combustion ash as molten slag. The heat exchange section 6a of the waste pyrolysis drum 6 A plurality of heat transfer tubes 8, which are heat transfer surfaces for indirect heating, are arranged on the inner periphery of the furnace, and the supplied waste a is indirectly heated through the respective heat transfer tubes 8 to thermally decompose the carbonized gas and the nonvolatile components. A residue is generated, and the carbonization gas G1 and the pyrolysis residue b are separated and discharged from the discharge device 10. The discharge device 10 is a lump discharged together with the pyrolysis residue b from the heat exchange unit 6a. , That is, an example mainly mixed in the pyrolysis residue A mechanism for separating a lump m composed of a non-combustible component such as a metal or rubble having a size of 16 mm or more is provided internally, and a means for extracting the separated lump m to the outside via a liquid head is provided. The means for pulling out is lump m
Through a liquid head having a predetermined depth H. The liquid sealing means includes a liquid storage tank 10g,
An inclined pipe 10e connected to the discharge device 10 and having one end inserted into the storage w of the storage tank 10g at a predetermined depth H is provided.
For 0e, a tilt angle that allows free fall is selected.

That is, the hollow cylindrical drum body (rotating drum) 7 is mounted on a plurality of rollers 31 rotated by a driving source (not shown) and rotates, and a screw feeder 32 is inserted into one end face of the inner pipe 33b. The heated air outlet header 33 is slidably connected via a seal, and the input port 4 for the waste a can be connected to one end face of the screw feeder 32. A heated air inlet header 34 is slidably connected to the other end surface of the drum main body 7 via a seal. Inside the drum main body 7, the tube plate 33 a of the heated air outlet side header 33 and the heated air inlet side header 34 are provided. A plurality of heat transfer tubes 8 having both ends fixed to the tube sheet 34 a are disposed on the inner periphery of the drum body 7. The heat transfer tube 8 is made of a heat and corrosion resistant material such as austenitic stainless steel (SUS3
16, SUS310SS, SUS321 or SUS34
7), made of 50Cr-50Ni, Incoloy, Inconel or the like. The other end of the heated air inlet side header 34 is directly connected to the heated air inlet channel 35 and the discharge device 10, and the outlet 1 of the carbonization gas G <b> 1 is provided above the discharge device 10.
0a, and an outlet 10b for the combustible component d and the non-combustible components e1 and e2 separated from the lump m are provided below. A discharge pipe 36 is connected to the discharge device 10 through a discharge port 34 a formed in the tube plate 34 a of the header 34 a of the heated air inlet side through the heated air inlet channel 35. The thermal decomposition residue b and the like are discharged to the discharge device 10. Discharge pipe 36
A guide 41 for guiding the pyrolysis residue b and the like is provided at the entrance of the cradle. However, during operation of the apparatus, the pressure in the heat exchange unit 6a and the discharge device 10 is maintained at a negative pressure of about -10 to -15 mmAq, and the mass m discharged to the discharge device 10 is reduced to atmospheric pressure. Since it cannot be extracted outside, the lump m is separated from the pyrolysis residue b by the separation plate 10d in the discharge device 10, and only the lump m is drained into the storage tank 10g through the inclined pipe 10e. To A liquid w such as water or silicon oil is stored in the liquid storage tank 10g, and one end of the inclined pipe 10e is inserted into a predetermined depth H at which the negative pressure can be sealed. Lumped mass m
For example, by periodically opening the drain hole lid 10f during operation of the apparatus, it is possible to extract the liquid from the liquid storage tank 10g to the outside, and it is possible to maintain the negative pressure and hinder the operation. Absent. Alternatively, a pipe may be connected to the extraction hole to continuously extract the lump m. In addition, a perforated plate or a sieve is used as the separation plate 10d.

As another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 4, a separation pipe 10h that rotates integrally with the discharge pipe 36 and communicates with the discharge pipe 36 may be provided in the discharge device 10, Is formed by a perforated tube or a sieve, and only the separated mass m is drawn out into the liquid storage tank 10g via the inclined pipe 10j as in the embodiment shown in FIG. .
The inclined pipe 10j may be detachably formed with the discharge device 10 via a seal 10k, and the separation pipe 10h may be formed in a rotary manner to improve the separation efficiency.

As another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 5, a discharge device 10 is provided with a mechanism for separating a lump m discharged together with a pyrolysis residue from a heat exchange section, for example, a separation pipe 10h inside. And a storage tank 10m for storing the separated mass m outside. This storage tank 10m has a closed structure, for example, 1.5mφ × 2m
It has a volume of about one month and is to be opened once every six months to remove the lump m. In addition, by installing the compression mechanism of the lump, the lump is compressed, the volume is reduced, and the opening pitch can be further extended.

Here, the waste disposal apparatus shown in FIG. 1 will be described in detail. Waste a such as municipal waste is supplied to a crusher 1 of, for example, a twin-screw shear type disposed in a receiving yard A by a first conveyor 2, where it is crushed to, for example, 150 mm or less. The crushed waste a is transferred to the second conveyor 3
Is supplied to the heat exchange section 6a through the screw feeder 5 from the input port 4. As shown in a cross section in FIG. 2, the heat exchange section 6a is formed by arranging a plurality of heat transfer tubes 8 along the inner peripheral wall of the rotating drum main body 7, and the internal pressure is reduced to atmospheric pressure by a sealing mechanism (not shown). It is kept in the following atmosphere. Heated air heated by a heat exchanger (not shown) arranged downstream of the melting furnace 9 as a combustor is supplied to a line L.
1, the waste a is indirectly heated to 300 to 600 ° C., usually about 450 ° C. by the heated air. Therefore, the waste a supplied into the heat exchange section is thermally decomposed, and the carbonization gas G1 and mainly the non-volatile pyrolysis residue b are generated.

The carbonization gas G1 and the pyrolysis residue b generated in the heat exchange section 6a are separated by the discharge device 10. The carbonization gas G1 is supplied to the burner 11 of the melting furnace 9 via the line L3, while the pyrolysis residue b is separated from the lump m by the separation plate 10d in the discharge device 10, and the remaining non-combustible components and The combustible component d is sent to the cooling device 12, where it is cooled to about 80 ° C. Thereafter, it is supplied to a known separation device 13 such as a sieve, a magnetic separation type, an eddy current type, a centrifugal type or a wind separation type, where the combustible component d containing fine ash and the non-combustible component having a relatively small particle size It is separated into a metal component e1 and a non-metal component e2, which are sexual components.

The combustible component d is finely pulverized to, for example, 1 mm or less by a pulverizer 14, supplied to a burner 11 of a melting furnace 9 through a line L4, and supplied to a dry distillation gas G1 supplied from a line L3 and a blower 15 to a line. The combustion air F supplied from L5 is burned in a high temperature range of about 1300 ° C., and the combustion ash generated at this time becomes molten slag, adheres and flows down to the inner wall of the melting furnace 9, and is discharged from the discharge port 16 to the water tank 17.
It flows down and cools and solidifies. The solidified slag is used as a building material such as a pavement material.

On the other hand, the metal component e1, which is a non-combustible component, enters the container 18 and is collected and reused, and the non-metallic component e2 is subjected to landfill or is pulverized by the pulverizer 19 and passed through the line L6. It is supplied into the melting furnace 9 and collected and reused as slag. The high-temperature exhaust gas G2 generated in the melting furnace 9 is recovered by a waste heat boiler 21 from a line L7 via a heat exchanger (not shown), and is collected by a dust collector 22a, 22b.
, And is discharged as low-temperature clean exhaust gas G3 from the chimney 23 to the atmosphere. This clean exhaust gas G3
Is supplied to the cooling device 12 via the line L8.
The steam generated in the waste heat boiler 21 rotates a steam turbine 24 connected to a generator.

Next, as another embodiment of the present invention, a waste pyrolysis method comprises a step of indirectly heating waste a through a heat transfer tube 8 to thermally decompose the waste a, and a step of thermally decomposing the carbonized gas G1 and mainly non-volatile components. A method for pyrolyzing a waste, comprising: a step of generating a decomposition residue b; and a step of separating the pyrolysis residue b into a combustible component d and non-combustible components e1 and e2. The mass m discharged together with b is separated and the liquid head H
And a step of storing the mass m outside.

According to the present embodiment, first, when the waste is supplied to the heat exchange section, the waste is heated in a low oxygen atmosphere and thermally decomposed, and the pyrolysis residue mainly composed of the dry distillation gas and the non-volatile components is removed. Generate. The pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis residue generated by the waste pyrolysis drum are separated by a discharge device, and the pyrolysis gas is supplied to a melting furnace as a combustor, while the pyrolysis residue is separated by separation means. After the lump composed of the non-combustible component is separated and removed, it is supplied to the cooling device and cooled, and the combustible component and the ash of the fine particles and the component having a relatively small particle size composed of a metal such as iron or aluminum are supplied to the cooling device. And the flammable components and fine ash therein are supplied to a melting furnace and burned.

In this case, since the inside of the melting furnace is maintained at a high temperature of about 1300 ° C., the combustion ash generated from the fine ash content is melted to form molten slag and adheres down to the inner wall of the melting furnace. The non-combustible components are separated into metal components such as iron and non-metal components such as pottery, the metal components are reused, and the non-metal components are mixed in landfill or, if necessary, mixed with molten slag and paved. Reused as materials.

[0020]

According to the present invention, the discharge device is provided with a separation means for separating the lump mixed in the pyrolysis residue, and the non-combustible relatively non-combustible material is separated from the pyrolysis residue discharged from the heat exchange section. Excluding large lumps, only non-combustible components and combustible components having relatively small particle diameters are led to the cooling device, so that the amount of heat required for cooling can be reduced, resulting in cooling. It is possible to reduce the manufacturing cost and the operating cost by downsizing the device. In addition, there is an effect that there is no possibility that the sealing mechanism will be affected.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a system diagram showing a waste treatment apparatus provided with a waste pyrolysis drum according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the waste pyrolysis drum of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the exhaust device of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Crusher 2 1st conveyor 3 2nd conveyor 4 Input port 5 Screw feeder 6 Waste pyrolysis drum 6a Heat exchange part 7 Drum main body 8 Heat transfer tube 9 Melting furnace 10 Discharge device 10d Separation plate 10e, 10j Inclined tube 10g Liquid storage tank 10h Separation tube 10m Storage tank 11 Burner 12 Cooling device 13 Separation device 14 Crusher 15 Blower 16 Outlet 17 Water tank 18 Container 19 Crusher 21 Waste heat boiler 22a, 22b Dust collector 23 Chimney 24 Generator

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of heat transfer tubes are provided on the inner periphery of a rotary drum, and the supplied waste is indirectly heated through each of the heat transfer tubes to convert a dry distillation gas and a pyrolysis residue of a non-volatile component. In a waste pyrolysis drum including a heat exchange unit to be generated and a discharge device that separates and discharges the carbonization gas and the pyrolysis residue, the discharge device includes the carbonization discharged from the heat exchange unit. A waste pyrolysis drum comprising a separation means for separating a gas and the pyrolysis residue and separating a lump composed of non-combustible components mixed in the pyrolysis residue. 2. The waste pyrolysis drum according to claim 1, further comprising means for extracting the lump separated in the discharge device to the outside. 3. The waste pyrolysis drum according to claim 2, wherein a sealing mechanism is attached to the extracting means. 4. The waste pyrolysis drum according to claim 2, wherein the sealing mechanism is provided with liquid sealing means so as to extract the lump through a liquid head having a predetermined depth. 5. The liquid sealing means according to claim 4, wherein the liquid sealing means comprises a liquid storage tank, and an inclined pipe connected to the discharge device and having one end inserted into a predetermined depth of the liquid stored in the liquid storage tank. Waste pyrolysis drum. 6. The waste pyrolysis drum according to claim 4, wherein the sealing mechanism comprises a storage tank having a closed structure. 7. The waste pyrolysis drum according to claim 1, wherein the separation means comprises a separation plate or a separation tube. 8. A step of indirectly heating and thermally decomposing the supplied waste, a step of generating a carbonization gas and a pyrolysis residue mainly composed of a nonvolatile component, and a step of converting the pyrolysis residue into a combustible component. A waste pyrolysis method comprising the step of separating and discharging the non-combustible component; and the step of separating the lump discharged together with the pyrolysis residue and the step of extracting the separated lump to the outside A method for pyrolyzing a waste, comprising a step of soaking or storing the waste outside.