JPH1027168A - Message dynamic load balancing method - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [PROBLEMS] To shorten the processing time in message processing and improve the processing efficiency of the distributed transaction system as a whole. SOLUTION: Message processing means 102 or 202
Executes the processing for the message stored in the message storage means 103 or 203, and stores the processing time required for the processing for the last executed message. The load measuring unit 104 or 204 measures the load on the computer 101 or 201 based on the number of messages stored in the message storage unit 103 or 203 and the processing time stored in the message processing unit 102 or 202. Message distribution means 302
Are terminal devices 401, 402, or 403 based on the load status information transmitted from the computers 101 and 201.
Determines where to send messages from.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a distributed transaction system in which a plurality of computers (a group of computers connected in a distributed manner) execute transaction processing, and more particularly to a processing request message transmitted from a terminal device to a computer. The present invention relates to a message dynamic load distribution method for dynamically distributing (distributing) a load of processing (transaction processing) to each computer.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional technique will be described below.

Conventionally, this type of message dynamic load distribution method is based on the fact that when a processing request message is issued from a terminal device, a difference occurs in the load status of each computer (a difference occurs in the processing capability of the computer). At the same time), the same amount of processing request message was transmitted to a computer with a low processing capacity as that of a computer with a high processing capacity.

[0004] The prior art for the present invention is described in JP-A-1-246657 (parallel processing system), page 1, line 8 to line 15 and page 2, line 17 to line 17.
There is a description in line 40.

[0005]

In the above-mentioned conventional technology, the same amount of processing request message is transmitted to a computer having a low processing capability as that of a computer having a high processing capability.
There has been a problem that the processing efficiency of the entire distributed transaction system is reduced.

[0006] In the prior art disclosed in the above-mentioned patent gazette, the assignment of a load (processing load to a message) to a processor that performs processing (corresponding to the "computer" of the present invention) is performed using the processor. The idle time or execution time of the process measures the load on each processor,
A new load is allocated to the processor with the minimum (minimum) load so that the load on each processor is equalized, thereby improving the processing efficiency of the distributed transaction system as a whole.

In this prior art, the processing is assigned to the processor when the processing by the processor is completed. Therefore, it is necessary to immediately allocate the next processing when the processing is completed by the processor. Here, regarding the assignment of the processing from the load distribution means to the processor, there is a time during which the processor does not perform the processing for the transfer time of the processing request. For this reason, if the processor that performs processing and the load distribution unit are not connected by a high-speed communication unit, there is a problem that effective use of the processor that performs processing may not be realized.

In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned problems, reduce the processing time in message processing, and improve the message dynamic load capable of improving the processing efficiency of the distributed transaction system as a whole. It is to provide a distribution method.

In other words, according to the present invention, a message is assigned to a computer (processor) without waiting for the end of the processing of the computer, the message of the processing request after the assignment is stored in the assigned computer, and the load condition is evaluated. Is achieved by multiplying the number of messages stored in the computer by the processing time of the completed processing, thereby achieving the above object.

[0010]

According to the message dynamic load distribution method of the present invention, a message of a processing request is transmitted from a plurality of terminal devices, and a message is selected from a plurality of computers connected in a distributed manner. In a distributed transaction system that performs processing on the message, a message storage unit in the processing execution computer that stores a message waiting to be processed and the number of messages waiting for processing in the processing execution computer in which the self exists, and the message storage unit A message processing unit in a processing execution computer for executing a process for a stored message and storing a processing time required for a process for the last executed message, and the number of messages stored in the message storage unit And at the time of processing stored in the message processing means A load measuring means in the processing execution computer for measuring the load of the processing execution computer in which the self exists, and a processing execution computer for transmitting load status information based on the measurement result by the load measuring means to the distributed control computer. Load status transmitting means, load status receiving means in the distributed control computer receiving the load status information transmitted from the load status transmitting means, and load status information from each processing execution computer received by the load status receiving means A message distributing unit in the distributed control computer that determines a processing execution computer of a transmission destination of a message from the terminal device based on the message, and transmits a message from the terminal device to the processing execution computer of the transmission destination determined by the message distribution unit Message transmission means in the distributed control computer.

[0011]

Next, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an example of an embodiment of a message dynamic load distribution system according to the present invention.

This message dynamic load distribution method comprises a computer 101 (first processing execution computer) and a computer 201.
(Second processing execution computer), computer 301 (distributed control computer), and terminal devices 401, 402, and 403.
(First, second, and third terminal devices). In this example, the number of processing computers actually executing the transaction processing is two, but it is needless to say that the number is not limited to two (by the way, the number of terminal devices is not limited). Also, a distributed control computer (in this example, the computer 301) that performs control for distributing the processing load on the message of the processing request can simultaneously function as the processing execution computer (in this case, for example, the computer 301). The same constituent elements as those of the computer 101 and the like exist in the inside).

The computer 101 includes a message processing unit 10
2, message storage means 103, and load measurement means 10
4 and load status transmission means 105.

The computer 201 has a message processing unit 20
2, message storage means 203, and load measurement means 20
4 and load status transmission means 205.

The computer 301 is provided with the message distribution unit 30
2, a message transmitting unit 303, and a load status receiving unit 304.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing the processing of the message distribution means 302. This processing includes a terminal device issued message receiving step 21, a computer load comparison determining step 22, a message destination determining step 23, and a message destination determining step 24.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the contents of the load status information 701 transmitted from the load status transmitting means 105 of the computer 101 or the load status transmitting means 205 of the computer 201 to the load status receiving means 304 of the computer 301.

The load status information 701 is composed of information indicating the load status of each processing execution computer (here, the computer 101 or 201), and the source of the load execution status information 701 is identified (here, the processing execution computer). , Computer 10
Computer ID (IDentification) 7 used for discriminating between 1 and computer 201)
02 and the identification of the message processing means that is the target of the load status indicated by the load status information 701 (here, the computer 1
01 message processing means 102 or computer 201
Message processing means ID 703 used for distinguishing whether the message processing means 202 is a message processing means 202, and one message processing means (here, message processing means 102 or message processing means 202) indicated by message processing means ID 703. Message processing means processing time 704 indicating the time required to execute the processing for the message, and the message stored in the processing execution computer indicated by the computer ID 702 (here, the message storage means 103 of the computer 101 or the computer 201). Stored message number 70 indicating the number of messages stored in the message storage means 203
And 5.

FIG. 4 shows a computer 10 which is a processing execution computer.
1 is a block diagram showing a detailed configuration and a mode of processing of a message processing unit 102 and a message storage unit 103 in FIG. 1 (the computer 201 also has the same configuration and the like).

The message storage means 103 includes a message storage area 501 and a message number storage area 502.

The message storage area 501 stores a group of messages in a waiting state until the message processing means 102 processes them.

The message number storage area 502 stores the number of messages stored in the message storage area 501.

The message processing means 102 includes a time measuring means 601, a processing time storage area 602, and a message processing logic 603.

The time measurement means 601 measures the time until the message processing logic 603 retrieves one message from the message group stored in the message storage area 501 of the message storage means 103 and ends the processing for the message. Then, the time is stored in the processing time storage area 602.

The processing time storage area 602 stores the time (processing time) required for the message processing means 102 to execute processing on one message lastly (at the closest point in time) extracted from the message storage means 103. Stored.

The message processing logic 603 is a logic mechanism that actually performs processing on a message issued from the terminal device 401, 402, or 403.

Next, the operation of the message dynamic load balancing system of the present invention having such an embodiment will be described.

First, a computer 10 which is a processing execution computer
1 or the operation of the computer 201 will be described. In addition,
Here, the operation in the computer 101 will be described as a representative.

Message storage means 103 of computer 101
Is a message transmitted from the message transmission means 303 of the computer 301 (terminal 401, terminal 402,
Alternatively, a processing request message from the terminal device 403 is stored.

The message processing means 102 executes processing for the message of the processing request stored in the message storage means 103.

The load measuring means 104 determines the number of messages stored in the message storage area 501 of the message storage means 103 (the value stored in the message number storage area 502) and the number of the last executed message processing means 102 The load status of the computer 101 is measured by checking the time required for processing one message (the value stored in the processing time storage area 602 of the message processing unit 102), and the measurement result is sent to the load status transmission unit 105. Notice.

The load status transmitting means 105 edits the load status measured by the load measuring means 104 into the format of the load status information 701 (see FIG. 3), and converts the load status information 701 into a computer 301 which is a distributed control computer. To the load status receiving means 305.

Second, the operation of the computer 3 as a distributed control computer (including the operations of the terminal device 401, the terminal device 402, and the terminal device 403) will be described.

The load status receiving means 304 of the computer 301
Is load status information 701 indicating the load status of the computer 101.
From the load status transmitting means 105 of the computer 101, and load status information 701 indicating the load status of the computer 201.
From the load status transmission means 205 of the computer 201.

The load status information 701 is transmitted to the terminal device 401 and the terminal device 40 by the message distribution means 302.
2 or the message from the terminal device 403
01 is used to determine whether the processing should be performed by the computer 201.

That is, the load status receiving means 304 receives the load status information 701 of the computer 101 transmitted from the load status transmitting means 105 of the computer 101 and the load status information of the computer 201 transmitted from the load status transmitting means 205 of the computer 201. 701 is notified to the message distribution means 302.

On the other hand, the terminal device 401 transmits to the computer 301 a message requesting the processing of the message processing unit 102 of the computer 101 or the message processing unit 202 of the computer 201 (message of the processing request). In addition,
The terminal device 402 or the terminal device 403 is also a terminal device 40
The same processing as in 1 is performed.

The message distributing means 302 determines the existence of the load status information 701 and the terminal devices 401 to 4
Assuming the existence of the message of the processing request from 03,
The following processing is performed (see FIG. 2).

One processing request message is received (received) from the terminal device 401, the terminal device 402, or the terminal device 403 (step 21).
The load status of the computer 101 is compared with the load status of the computer 201 based on the load status information 701 received by the server 04 (step 22).

If it is determined in the comparison in step 22 that "the load of the computer 101 is lower than the load of the computer 201", a message received from any one of the terminal devices 401, 402, and 403 is received. Calculator 1
01 (to store the message in the message storage means 103 of the computer 101) "(step 23).

On the other hand, in the comparison in step 22, "computer 10
1 is determined to be higher than the load of the computer 201 ", a message received from any of the terminal devices 401, 402, and 403 is transmitted to the computer 201 (the message is transmitted to the computer 201). 20
1 is stored in the message storage means 203) (step 24). Here, when the magnitudes of both loads are equal, it is assumed that the message is transmitted to the computer 201, and in the above-mentioned “the load of the computer 101 is higher than the load of the computer 201”, This shall include cases where the sizes are equal.

Here, the message distributing means 302 transmits the load condition information 7 received by the load condition
“Comparative judgment of the level of the load of the computer 101 and the load of the computer 201” based on “01” is performed as in the following procedures.

Message storage means 1 of computer 101
03 (computer 101)
Of messages stored in load status information 701 from
5) is multiplied by the time (value of the message processing means processing time 704 in the load status information 701) required for the message processing means 102 of the computer 101 to process the last message. .

Message storage means 2 of computer 201
03 (the computer 201)
Of messages stored in load status information 701 from
5) is multiplied by the time (value of the message processing means processing time 704 in the load status information 701) required for the message processing means 202 of the computer 201 to process the last message. .

If the calculated value of is smaller than the calculated value of, it is determined that the load of the computer 101 is lower than the load of the computer 201. If the calculated value of is larger than the calculated value of, the load of the computer 101 is larger than the load of the computer 201. Judge as high.

The message transmitting means 303 stores the message determined by the message distributing means 302 as “a message to be processed by the message processing means 102 of the computer 101” (see step 23 in FIG. 2) in the message storage means 103 of the computer 101. Send.

The message transmitting means 303 sends the message determined by the message distributing means 302 as "a message to be processed by the message processing means 202 of the computer 201" (see step 24 in FIG. 2).
01 to the message storage means 203.

When there are three or more processing computers, a message is transmitted to the processing computer with the lowest load.

[0050]

Next, a specific embodiment of the message dynamic load balancing system of the present invention having the above-described embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIGS. 5 to 8 are block diagrams for explaining the operation of one embodiment of the message dynamic load distribution system according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the operation of the message processing means 102, the message storage means 103, the message processing means 202, and the message storage means 203 in the message dynamic load distribution method according to this embodiment.

The message processing means 102 is provided with a processing time storage area 602, and the message processing means 1
02 stores the time required for processing one message. Also, the message storage means 103 includes
A message number storage area 502 is prepared, and the number of messages stored in the message storage unit 103 is stored.

Similarly, the message processing means 202
A processing time storage area 612 is prepared, and stores the time required for processing one message by the message processing unit 202. In the message storage unit 203, a message number storage area 512 is prepared, and the number of messages stored in the message storage unit 203 is stored.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a mode of processing when the load status information 701 is transmitted from the computer 101 to the computer 301.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a mode of processing when the load status information 701 is transmitted from the computer 201 to the computer 301.

FIG. 8 shows computers 101 and 201.
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a series of processing modes when load status information 701 is transmitted to the computer 301 from the server 301, and a message from the terminal device 403 is transmitted to the computer 101 by the message distribution unit 302 of the computer 301.

Note that the load calculation area 801 corresponds to the computer 101
Area for calculating the load of the
Reference numeral 2 denotes an area for calculating the load of the computer 201.
The load comparing unit 803 compares the calculated value in the load calculation area 801 with the calculated value in the load calculation area 802, and determines whether a message from the terminal device 403 should be transmitted to the computer 101 or to the computer 201. It is a means to decide.

Next, the operation of the message dynamic load distribution system of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.

First, the premise of the operation of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In the present embodiment, the following
It is assumed that the following items exist.

One processing request message has been issued from the terminal device 403.

At the time of the issuance of the message, the computer 101 or 201
1 to 403, the message processing unit 102 or the message processing unit 202 processes a request message to perform processing.

Message Processing Means 1 of Computer 101
The processing time storage area 602 of “02” stores “5 seconds” of the time required for processing the last (closest) message.

Message storage means 1 of computer 101
In the message number storage area 502 of “03”, “3”, which is the number of messages waiting to be processed by the message processing unit 102 at present, is stored.

The message processing means 2 of the computer 201
In the 02 processing time storage area 612, “3 seconds” of the time required for processing the last executed message is stored.

Message storage means 2 of computer 201
In the message number storage area 512 of “03”, “6”, which is the number of messages waiting to be processed by the message processing unit 202 at present, is stored.

Secondly, the operation of the process in which the load status information 701 is notified from the computer 101 to the computer 301 will be described with reference to FIG. The computer ID of the computer 101 is “1”, and the message processing unit ID of the message processing unit 102 is “10”.

Here, the message storage area 501 of the message storage means 103 stores three messages. In the message number storage area 502, “3”, which is the number of messages stored in the message storage area 501, is stored.

In this case, the time measuring means 601 in the message processing means 102
3 is the message storage area 50 of the message storage means 103
The message processing logic 603 measures the time required for processing the last message extracted from the message 1, and when the message processing logic 603 finishes executing the processing for the message, the processing time storage area 60
2 is set to "5 seconds" which is the time required for the processing.

The load measuring means 104 calculates the value of the processing time “5 seconds” stored in the processing time storage area 602 of the message processing means 102 and the message storage means 103.
“Number of messages stored in message storage area 501” stored in message number storage area 502
Is passed to the load status transmitting means 105.

The load status transmitting means 105 receives “5 seconds” as the processing time of the message processing means 102 received from the load measuring means 104 and “3” of the number of messages stored in the message storing means 103. Is edited into the format of the load status information 701 shown in FIG. 3, and the load status information 701 is transmitted to the computer 301.

Here, the following items are stored in the respective items in the load status information 701 transmitted from the load status transmitting means 105 to the computer 301 (FIG. 6).
reference).

The computer ID 702 includes the computer 101
Of the computer ID of “1” is stored.

The message processing means ID 703 includes
The value of “10” of the message processing means ID of the message processing means 102 of the computer 101 is stored.

The message processing unit processing time 704 stores a value of “5 seconds” extracted from the processing time storage area 602 of the message processing unit 102 by the load measuring unit 104.

The stored message number 705 stores a value “3” extracted from the message number storage area 502 of the message storage unit 103 by the load measurement unit 104.

Third, the operation of the process in which the load status information 701 is notified from the computer 201 to the computer 301 will be described with reference to FIG. Note that the computer ID of the computer 201 is “2”, and the message processing unit ID of the message processing unit 202 is “20”.

Here, six messages are stored in the message storage area 511 of the message storage means 203. In the message number storage area 512, “6”, which is the number of messages stored in the message storage area 511, is stored.

In this case, the time measuring means 611 in the message processing means 202
3 is the message storage area 51 of the message storage means 203
The time required for processing the one message lastly taken from the first message is measured. When the message processing logic 613 finishes executing the processing for the message, the processing time storage area 61 of the message processing unit 202 is processed.
2 is set to “3 seconds” which is the time required for the processing.

The load measuring means 204 calculates the processing time "3 seconds" stored in the processing time storage area 612 of the message processing means 202 and the message storing means 203.
"Number of messages stored in message storage area 511" stored in message number storage area 512
Is passed to the load status transmitting means 205.

The load status transmitting means 205 calculates the processing time of the message processing means 202 received from the load measuring means 204, ie, "3 seconds", and the number of messages stored in the message storing means 203, "6". Is edited into the format of the load status information 701 shown in FIG. 3, and the load status information 701 is transmitted to the computer 301.

Here, the following items are stored in the respective items in the load status information 701 transmitted from the load status transmitting means 205 to the computer 301 (FIG. 7).
reference).

The computer ID 702 includes the computer 201
Of the computer ID of “2” is stored.

The message processing means ID 703 includes
The value of “20” of the message processing unit ID of the message processing unit 202 of the computer 201 is stored.

The value “3 seconds” extracted from the processing time storage area 612 of the message processing unit 202 by the load measurement unit 204 is stored in the message processing unit processing time 704.

The stored message number 705 stores “6” values extracted from the message number storage area 512 of the message storage unit 203 by the load measurement unit 204.

Fourth, referring to FIG.
The operation of the computer 301 when the message of the processing request from the computer 101 and the load status information 701 from the computer 101 and the computer 201 are received as described above will be described.

The load status receiving means 304 of the computer 301
Receives the load status information 701 from the computer 101, confirms that the computer ID 702 of the content is “1” indicating the computer 101, and
03 is confirmed to be "10" indicating the message processing means 102 of the computer 101, and its load status information 701 is confirmed.
To the message distribution means 302.

Similarly, the load status receiving unit 304 receives the load status information 701 from the computer 201, confirms that the computer ID 702 of the content is “2” indicating the computer 201, and sets the message processing unit ID 703 to The load status information 701 is confirmed to be “20” indicating the message processing means 202 of 201, and the load status information 701 is passed to the message distribution means 302.

The message distributing unit 302 determines the value of “5 seconds” of the message processing unit processing time 704 in the load status information 701 received from the load status receiving unit 305 and “5 seconds” of the stored message number 705 in the load status information 701. The calculated value of “5 * 3 = 15” multiplied by the value of “3” is used as the value of the load of the computer 101 and the load calculation area 801 is set.
To be stored.

Similarly, the message distributing means 302 transmits the load status information 70 received from the load status receiving
1, the value of “3 seconds” of the message processing unit processing time 704 and the number of stored messages 7 in the load status information 701
"3 * 6 = 18" multiplied by the value of "6" of 05
Is stored in the load calculation area 802 as the value of the load of the computer 201.

Further, the load comparison means 803 of the message distribution means 302
1 is “15” and the load calculation area 80
It is recognized that the load on the computer 101 is lower than the load on the computer 201 based on the calculated value of the load on the computer 201 in 2 being “18”.

Thus, the message distribution means 302
Determines that the message from the terminal device 403 is transmitted to the message storage unit 103 of the computer 101 and stored.

The message transmission means 303 transmits the message to the message storage means 103 of the computer 101 based on the decision.

As described above, according to the message dynamic load distribution method of this embodiment, the processing time of the message processing unit 102 or the message processing unit 202 and the number of messages stored in the message storage unit 103 or the message storage unit 203 are different. Is calculated as an approximate value of the time required to process all messages waiting for processing by the message processing means 102 or 202. By judging the load status of the computer 101 or the computer 201 based on the approximate value, the time required to process all the messages waiting to be processed in the message processing unit 102 or the message processing unit 202 can be made as equal as possible. A message can be transmitted to each of the computer 101 and the computer 201 as evenly as possible.

[0096]

As described above, according to the message dynamic load distribution method of the present invention, when a message of a processing request from a terminal device is transmitted to a processing execution computer, load status information from each processing execution computer is transmitted. In order to send the message to the processing execution computer appropriately selected based on the
"Despite being able to process a message on a low-load computer, the message is not sent to that computer, and the message is sent to a high-load computer.
This increases the time required for processing, thereby reducing the processing time in message processing, and improving the processing efficiency of the distributed transaction system as a whole.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a message dynamic load distribution system according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing processing of a message distribution unit in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the contents of load status information handled by the message dynamic load distribution method shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a detailed configuration and a mode of processing of a message processing unit and a message storage unit in FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a block diagram for explaining the operation of one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram (a diagram showing a mode of transmission of load status information from a processing execution computer) for explaining an operation of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram for explaining the operation of one embodiment of the present invention (a diagram showing a mode of transmission of load status information from a processing computer).

FIG. 8 is a block diagram for explaining the operation of one embodiment of the present invention (a diagram showing a mode of processing of a message distribution unit of the distributed control computer).

[Explanation of symbols]

 101, 201, 301 Computers 102, 202 Message processing means 103, 203 Message storage means 104, 204 Load measurement means 105, 205 Load status transmission means 302 Message distribution means 303 Message transmission means 304 Load status reception means 401, 402, 403 Terminal Apparatus 501, 511 Message storage area 502, 512 Message number storage area 601, 611 Time measurement means 602, 612 Processing time storage area 603, 613 Message processing logic 701 Load status information 702 Computer ID 703 Message processing means ID 704 Message processing means processing Time 705 Number of stored messages 801 802 Load calculation area 803 Load comparison means

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A distributed transaction system in which a message of a processing request is transmitted from a plurality of terminal devices and a computer selected from among a plurality of computers connected in a distributed manner processes the message. A message storage unit in the processing execution computer for storing the messages waiting to be processed and the number of the messages waiting for processing in the processing execution computer; and executing a process for the message stored in the message storage unit. A message processing unit in the processing execution computer for storing a processing time required for processing the message, based on the number of messages stored in the message storage unit and the processing time stored in the message processing unit To measure the load of the processing computer on which A load measuring means in the processing execution computer, a load state transmitting means in the processing execution computer for transmitting load state information based on the measurement result by the load measuring means to the distributed control computer, Load state receiving means in the distributed control computer for receiving the load state information, and executing the processing of the destination of the message from the terminal device based on the load state information from each processing execution computer received by the load state receiving means. A message distribution unit in the distributed control computer that determines a computer; and a message transmission unit in the distributed control computer that transmits a message from the terminal device to the processing execution computer at the transmission destination determined by the message distribution unit. Characteristic message dynamic load distribution method. 2. The message processing device according to claim 1, further comprising a message distribution unit that compares load status information from each processing execution computer and determines a processing execution computer with the lowest load as a message transmission destination. Load balancing method. 3. A computer ID, a message processing means ID,
Message processing means compares the processing time and the number of stored messages with the load status transmitting means that transmits load status information consisting of the number of stored messages and the message processing means in the load status information from each processing execution computer. 3. The message dynamic load distribution method according to claim 2, further comprising: a message distribution unit that determines a magnitude of a load on each processing execution computer.