JPH10276578A - Effective use of citrus juice residue - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [PROBLEMS] An object of the present invention is to effectively use juice residues generated in a large amount in squeezing citrus fruits such as oranges and oranges. SOLUTION: Citrus molasses obtained by concentrating the squeezed juice of citrus juice residue is separated by flash chromatography using octadecylsilane (ODS) as a filler, mycelial growth of mycorrhizal fungi and mycorrhizae of plants. A method for effectively utilizing a citrus juice residue, comprising separating a substance that promotes formation.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for effectively utilizing a novel citrus juice residue. More specifically, the present invention promotes mycelial growth of mycorrhizal fungi and mycorrhizal formation of plants by flash chromatography filled with ODS from molasses obtained by squeezing squeezed juice obtained by squeezing citrus juice residue. The present invention relates to separating a substance and utilizing the substance as a fertilizer or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, when fruit juice is produced by squeezing citrus fruits such as tangerines and oranges with appropriate devices, juice residues of about 50% of those fruits are produced. The juice residue has a high water content and still contains a considerable amount of soluble solids. Therefore, this squeezed residue is further squeezed and drained for further use. For example, squeezed juice or dehydrated liquid obtained by squeezing is concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain so-called citrus molasses having a sugar content of about 60 to 65 ° Bx. It is also used as a raw material for fermentation of ethyl alcohol and amino acids, like molasses. However, when juice is produced from a large amount of citrus fruits, a large amount of squeezed residue is obtained.

On the other hand, in recent years, various materials and technologies have been studied to improve soil and improve soil performance in order to increase agricultural productivity and stabilize agricultural management. For example, it is known that when mycorrhizas are formed in plants, the absorption of nutrients and water, especially phosphorus, increases and the growth is vigorous.It also helps the plants to absorb nutrients, and effectively removes phosphoric acid in the soil. It has been revealed that a symbiotic microorganism called mycorrhizal fungi having a usable function is particularly effective for sustainable agriculture or environmental conservation agriculture, and cultivation systems utilizing this fungus are currently being studied.

The present inventors have developed a further use of citrus molasses obtained by concentrating the above-mentioned citrus juice residue or squeezed juice and as a part of a plan for effective utilization thereof, use the mycorrhizal fungus as a part of the method. It is thought that it is used to promote mycelial growth or mycorrhizal formation of plants, and as a result of various studies and experiments, such citrus molasses was separated using a flash chromatograph filled with a specific filler, Purified and fractionated products have been found to be effective in promoting mycelial growth of mycorrhizal fungi and mycorrhizal formation of plants, and the present invention has been accomplished.

[0005]

Thus, the present invention provides a flash chromatography method using citrus molasses obtained by concentrating the squeezed juice of citrus juice residue using octadecylsilane (hereinafter simply referred to as ODS) as a filler. The present invention relates to a method for effectively utilizing a citrus juice residue, which comprises separating a substance that promotes mycelial growth of mycorrhizal fungi and mycorrhizal formation of plants by separating the substance by a graph.

[0006] The present invention also relates to a method of improving the soil and enhancing the soil strength by adding the substance separated and fractionated in the above method, and further adding this substance to fertilizer or the like.

[0007]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

First, citrus fruits such as oranges and oranges are squeezed using, for example, an in-line juicer or a chopper pulper. About 50% fruit juice and about 50% juice residue are obtained. The juice residue contains about 10-15% soluble solids and has a high water content. When slaked lime is added to the juice residue and subjected to liming treatment and then re-pressed with a hydraulic press or the like, a further half of the pressed juice or dehydrated juice and pressed residue are obtained. The pressed juice is heated and cooled to deactivate enzymes contained therein and precipitate calcium and the like, and then centrifuged, and then concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain a sugar content of at least about 60 ° Bx and a total sugar content of at least about 40%. A citrus molasses containing is obtained. This is a viscous liquid that is dark like ordinary molasses, and contains various components other than carbohydrates. The citrus molasses thus obtained is separated using flash chromatography.

In recent years, flash chromatography is a chromatography which is often used particularly in the development of food materials in recent years, and can be referred to as fractionation / fractionation chromatography characterized by a large amount of samples, rapidity and ease of use. When this is done on a laboratory scale, usually a compressor and pressure regulator,
It consists of a fixed volume reservoir for storing the eluent, a column of fixed diameter and length filled with a packing material, a detector, and a fraction collector, which are connected and used. The filler is slurried, poured from the top of the column, and packed.
In the present invention, ODS is particularly used as the filler.

[0010] Briefly, the operation method is as follows. After setting, the upper portion of the reservoir is connected to a pressurized air portion, and the slurry is filled into an upright column by applying pressure. The liquid phase of the mobile phase is placed above the packed bed, and the column is connected to the detector. The sample is slowly injected into the top of the packed bed. Open the column cock and allow the sample to adsorb to the packed bed. Start chromatography development. Monitor the peak with a detector and collect the target component.

The citrus molasses is usually filtered and clarified through a diatomaceous earth layer, and then separated and purified by a flash chromatograph equipped with a filler called ODS as described above.

For the separation, an eluate of methyl alcohol is usually used. Now, for the test, ones in which the concentration is changed stepwise to 0, 10, 25, 50 and 100% are prepared, and the eluate of each concentration is individually concentrated and given to mycorrhizal fungi, When the effect of mycorrhizal fungi on mycelial growth was investigated and confirmed, the strongest effect was observed for 25% eluate. Of course, nutrient water is taken in from the mycelium of mycorrhizal fungi, so that the longer the nutrient grows, the more nutrient water can be taken. However, it is not limited to the 25% eluate, and other eluates and mixtures thereof can be used. The eluate in each proportion is not a single substance but a mixture of different substances. It was also found that the addition of the eluate to a liquid fertilizer with a reduced phosphorus content could promote mycorrhizal formation of plants sprayed with the liquid fertilizer.

Thus, the substance obtained by separating and fractionating the citrus molasses obtained from the above-mentioned citrus juice residue by flash chromatography according to the present invention can promote the mycelial growth of mycorrhizal fungi. It can be added to fertilizers and the like to promote mycorrhizal formation of plants and promote ingestion of nutrient water, thereby improving soil, enhancing soil strength, and the like.

[0014]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below in detail with reference to embodiments.

Example 1 10 kg of Unshu mandarin orange is squeezed using an in-line juicer, and about 5 kg of fruit juice and about 5 kg
To obtain a juice residue. 0.2% to 0.5% of slaked lime is added to the juice residue separated from the fruit juice for rimming, followed by pressing with a hydraulic press to obtain about 2.5 kg of dehydrated liquid (pressed juice). The dehydrated solution is heated to about 85 ° C. to inactivate the enzyme, and then cooled. When this is centrifuged at 7500 G by a centrifuge, about 1.9 kg of a liquid is obtained. Then, the mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain 248 g of citrus molasses having a sugar content of 60 ° Bx.

The molasses obtained from the residue of Mandarin orange juice in this manner is clarified by diatomaceous earth filtration.
ml (refractometer reading 60 ° Bx) with a 2 cm inner diameter flash chromatograph (25 cm filled with Chromatorex ODS DM1020T manufactured by Fuji Silysia Chemical Ltd.)
, And the methyl alcohol concentration of the eluate was 0, 10, 2
400 each while gradually changing to 5, 50 and 100%
Each eluate (0, 10, 25, 50
And 100% section) were concentrated to 40 ml.

(Embodiment 2) In the same manner as in Embodiment 1,
375 g of molasses was obtained from 0 kg. Molasses obtained from the residue of the Hassaku squeezed juice in this manner was clarified by filtration through diatomaceous earth, and 100 ml (refractometer reading: 60 ° Bx) was flash chromatographed with an inner diameter of 2 cm (Chromatorex ODS DM1020T manufactured by Fuji Silysia Chemical Ltd.).
(Filled with 25 cm), and while changing the methyl alcohol concentration of the eluate stepwise to 0, 10, 25, 50 and 100%, each eluate (0,
10, 25, 50 and 100%) were concentrated to 40 ml.

(Example 3) Confirmation test of mycelial growth of mycorrhizal fungi 100 μl or 500 μl of the concentrate obtained by concentrating the eluate obtained in Example 1 in 10 ml of 1.5% agar medium was added (a 70 mm diameter petri dish). After autoclaving at 121 ° C., 4 spores of mycorrhizal fungi (VA mycorrhizal fungi) whose surface had been disinfected were placed per petri dish, and incubated at 30 ° C. in the dark.

After 2 weeks, hyphal elongation from the spores was measured by a stereoscopic microscope equipped with a CCD camera and an image processing method using a personal computer. Table 1 shows the results.

Table 1 Amount of eluate added Length of mycelium (mm) (mean ± standard error) 10% methyl alcohol 100 μl 2.60 ± 1.20 500 μl 0.88 ± 0.17 25% methyl alcohol Section 100 μl 8.30 ± 2.70 500 μl 0.88 ± 0.11 50% methyl alcohol section 100 μl 7.06 ± 1.41 500 μl 0.20 ± 0.06 100% methyl alcohol section 100 μl 1.38 ± 0. 17 500 μl 0.05 ± 0.02 Control group (water) 1.69 ± 0.17

In each elution group, 500 μl (residue 3
(Equivalent to 2.5 g) tended to be inhibited.
25 and 50% in the use of μl (equivalent to 6.5 g of residue)
There was a tendency for hyphal growth to be promoted in the methyl alcohol elution zone. In particular, the promoting effect was remarkable in the 25% methyl alcohol elution section.

(Example 4) Confirmation test of mycelial growth of mycorrhizal fungi Each of the eluates obtained in Example 2 was concentrated and used in Example 3.
A confirmation test similar to that described above was performed. Table 2 shows the results.

Table 2 Addition amount of eluate Liquid length of mycelium (mm) (mean ± standard error) 10% methyl alcohol 100 μl 2.97 ± 0.95 500 μl 0.77 ± 0.22 25% methyl alcohol Section 100 μl 4.00 ± 1.33 500 μl 1.03 ± 0.35 50% methyl alcohol section 100 μl 1.15 ± 0.15 500 μl 0.37 ± 0.03 100% methyl alcohol section 100 μl 2.20 ± 0. 18 500 μl 0.67 ± 0.13 Control group (water) 1.69 ± 0.17

In each elution group, 500 μl (residue 2
(Equivalent to 1.5 g) tended to be inhibited,
When 100 μl (corresponding to 4.3 g of residue) was used, the effect of promoting hyphal growth was observed in the 25% methyl alcohol elution zone.

(Example 5) Test for confirming mycorrhizal formation of plant An annual Karatachi seedling grown on aseptic vermiculite was transplanted into a plastic pot No. 8 containing a cultivated soil in which vermiculite and perlite were mixed in equal amounts. did.

10 g of formic lime was applied per pot, and two days later, a culture soil containing about 60 spores of mycorrhizal fungi (VA mycorrhizal fungi) was mixed.

After inoculation, concentrates of the 25% methyl alcohol eluate obtained in Example 1 were converted to liquid fertilizers (N, P and K, respectively) containing 0, 5, 10 and 15 g equivalents / liter in terms of juice residue. (Including 10, 3 and 6%)
Was sprayed on each pot at a rate of 100 ml per week.

A water-only section was also provided as a control section.

After 1 and 4 weeks, the plants were dismantled and observed for root mycorrhiza formation. The results are shown in FIG.

The alphabetic symbols in the figure indicate the results of Duncan's multiple range test. It is recognized that there is no significant difference between the same symbols a and there is a significant difference between the different symbols a and b.

Mycorrhizal infection rate (%) = (length of infected root /
Observed root length) × 100 The mycorrhizal fungal infection rate in the equivalent amount of 10 g / liter in terms of squeezed residue was about six times that of the control group one week later. After 4 weeks, the infection rate further increased to 48.6%.

[0032]

As described above, according to the present invention, a substance which promotes mycelial growth of mycorrhizal fungi can be separated from molasses obtained from squeezed residue of citrus fruits.

Further, by adding the substance to a fertilizer or the like, the formation of mycorrhiza in plants can be promoted, and the squeezed residue of citrus can be more effectively used than ever.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a graph showing the results obtained by the test in Example 5.

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Osamu Fukumoto 2-694-6 Matsunoki, Matsuyama-shi, Ehime (72) Inventor Isao Matsumoto 3-10-25, Kuwahara, Matsuyama-shi, Ehime (72) Inventor Yasuomi Ya 306 Tanimachi, Matsuyama-shi, Ehime

Claims (3)

[Claims] A citrus molasses obtained by concentrating a squeezed juice of a citrus juice residue is separated by flash chromatography using octadecylsilane (ODS) as a filler, and the mycelial growth of mycorrhizal fungi and plant fungi A method for effectively utilizing a citrus juice residue, comprising separating a substance that promotes root formation. 2. The substance separated and fractionated in claim 1. 3. A method comprising adding the substance separated and fractionated in claim 1 to a fertilizer or the like.