JPH10277465A - Coating method and coating device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a coating method and a coating device in which productivity is not lowered and spot failure is not generated on the surface of a web. SOLUTION: Coating liquid is fed to a film-like material of the coating liquid generated near a slit 20 to wet the film likematerial. While the coating liquid is discharged from the slit 22, the slit 22 is separated from the surface of a web 1 continuously conveyed. And while the coating liquid is fed to a part 221 on the upstream side of the conveying direction of the web 1 to the slit 22 and adjacent to the slit 22, the coating liquid is applied on the surface of the web 1.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a coating method and a coating apparatus in which a supplied coating liquid is discharged from a slit arranged at a predetermined position with respect to a continuously transported web surface and is coated on the web surface. .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As an apparatus for applying a coating liquid on a long web, there is a coating apparatus for continuously transporting a web and applying a coating liquid discharged from a slit to a surface of the continuously transported web. And Japanese Patent Publication No. 62-31625.

In such a coating apparatus, when continuous coating is performed for a long time, a film-like substance is formed near the slit,
The film adheres to the web surface, and streak (whitening) spot failures (defects) occur intermittently on the web surface. Further, when the application is continued, the failure frequently occurs. Therefore, in the conventional coating apparatus, when a failure occurs, the film-like material formed near the slit is removed.

[0004]

In order to remove the film-like material formed in the vicinity of the slit, it is necessary to temporarily suspend the application during the continuous application, and it is necessary for a person to perform the removal. Due to the time and interruption of the application, the productivity of the application on the web surface is reduced.

The present invention has been made based on the findings obtained by investigating the causes of film-like substances and the causes of their occurrence, and an object of the present invention is to reduce the productivity without lowering the productivity. Another object of the present invention is to provide a coating method and a coating apparatus in which spot failure does not occur on a web surface.

[0006]

The above object can be attained by the following constitution.

(1) In a coating method in which a supplied coating liquid is discharged from a slit disposed at a predetermined position with respect to a continuously conveyed web surface and coated on the web surface, the coating liquid is discharged from the slit. A coating method, wherein the slit is separated from the web surface being continuously conveyed.

(2) The coating method according to (1), wherein immediately after the slit is separated, the slit is returned to the predetermined position.

(3) In a coating method of discharging the supplied coating liquid from a slit onto a continuously conveyed web surface and continuously applying the coating liquid onto the web surface, the coating generated near the slit is formed. A coating method comprising supplying a coating liquid to a liquid film to wet the film.

(4) A supply means for supplying the coating liquid, and a coating means having a slit for discharging the coating liquid supplied from the supply means, wherein the coating liquid discharged from the slit is continuously conveyed. In a coating apparatus for coating on a web surface, the moving means for moving the coating means between a predetermined position for coating on the web surface and a position separated from the predetermined position with respect to the web surface. An application device, wherein the application unit is separated from the predetermined position by the moving unit, and the supply unit is controlled to supply the application liquid to the slit.

(5) In a coating method in which the supplied coating liquid is discharged from a slit disposed at a predetermined position with respect to the continuously conveyed web surface and is coated on the web surface, A coating method in which a coating liquid is applied to a web surface while supplying the coating liquid to a portion adjacent to the slit on the upstream side in the transport direction.

(6) In a coating method in which the supplied coating liquid is discharged from a slit arranged at a predetermined position with respect to the continuously transported web surface and coated on the web surface, Upstream in the transport direction,
A coating method in which a liquid reservoir for storing a coating liquid is provided, and the coating liquid is supplied to the slit and the liquid reservoir to apply the coating liquid on a web surface.

(7) A supply means for supplying the coating liquid, and a coating means having a slit for discharging the coating liquid supplied from the supply means, wherein the coating liquid discharged from the slit is continuously conveyed. In a coating apparatus for coating on a web surface, a liquid reservoir for storing a coating liquid is provided upstream of the slit in the web transport direction.

(8) The coating apparatus according to (7), wherein a coating liquid is supplied to the liquid reservoir.

(9) The coating apparatus according to (8), wherein the supply means supplies the coating liquid to the liquid reservoir.

(10) In a coating method in which the supplied coating liquid is discharged from a slit disposed at a predetermined position with respect to the continuously transported web surface and coated on the web surface, the tip of the slit is formed. A coating method in which the coating liquid is applied to the web surface while the coating liquid discharged from the slit flows down to the end of the both ends that is on the upstream side in the transport direction of the web.

(11) supply means for supplying a coating liquid;
An application unit having a slit for discharging the application liquid supplied from the supply unit, and an application apparatus for applying the application liquid discharged from the slit onto a continuously conveyed web surface, A coating apparatus characterized in that the coating liquid discharged from the slits is caused to flow down to the end on the upstream side in the transport direction of the web among the both ends forming the front end.

(12) The coating apparatus according to (11), wherein the slit is arranged so as to be inclined so as to face the web conveying direction.

(13) A step is provided so that the end of the slit on the upstream side in the transport direction of the two ends forming the leading end of the slit is located vertically lower than the other end. (11) or (12).

[0020]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

(First Embodiment) Hereinafter, a first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 1 which is a schematic view of a coating apparatus and FIG. 2 which is an enlarged sectional view of a coating means.

The web 1 is a long support (substrate to be coated) on which a coating solution is applied by a coating apparatus 10. As the web 1, a long flexible support such as polyethylene terephthalate, paper, metal foil, polyethylene naphthalate, or cellulose is used. The web 1 is continuously conveyed in a direction indicated by an arrow by conveying means (not shown).

The backup roll 11 rotates in the same direction as the transport direction of the web 1 and changes the transport direction of the web 1 while supporting the web 1 being continuously transported. While the web 1 is supported on the backup roll 11, an application liquid is applied to the web 1 by an application unit 20 described later, and the application amount is regulated by the post-metering unit 30.

The liquid supply means 15 is a means for supplying a coating liquid contained in a kettle (not shown) to the coating means 20.

The coating means 20 is a means for applying a coating liquid on one surface of the continuously conveyed web, and is a means using a fountain system. This coating means 20 has a chamber 21 and a slit 22. The chamber 21 is a unit for uniformly distributing the coating liquid supplied from the liquid supply unit 15 in the width direction of the web 1 (the direction perpendicular to the paper surface in FIG. 1). The slit 22 is a means for discharging the coating liquid from the tip thereof and supplying (coating) the coating liquid onto the surface of the web 1 which is continuously conveyed.
And extends in the width direction of the web 1. Thus, the coating unit 20 can apply the coating liquid on the surface of the continuously transported web 1. In the present embodiment, the application unit 20 is a unit that applies an excess amount of the coating liquid on the web 1 surface in which the amount of the coating liquid applied by the coating unit 20 exceeds the target application amount. Further, when the coating liquid is applied on the web 1 surface, the slit 22 (more specifically, the tip of the slit 22) is positioned at a predetermined position (the web 1 surface and the tip of the slit 22) with respect to the web 1 surface. It is arranged in the gap S).

The post-metering means 30 is a means for adjusting the excess amount of the coating liquid applied on one surface of the web by the coating means 20 to a target coating amount. In the present embodiment, as the post-metering means 30, the web 1 coated with an excessive coating solution is used.
Although an air doctor that blows air onto a surface and has a target application amount is used, the air doctor is not limited to this. For example, a rod, a blade, a reverse roller, or the like may be used.

The application by the application device 10 will be described. First, the long web 1 is connected by a connecting member such as a tape 2 (see FIG. 2B), and is formed to be longer.
And is continuously conveyed by a conveying means (not shown). On the other hand, the application liquid is supplied to the chamber 21 by the supply means 15, distributed in the chamber 21, and then supplied to the slit 22. The supplied application liquid passes through the slit 22 and is discharged from the tip of the slit 22. At this time, since the slit 22 of the application unit 20 is disposed at a predetermined position with respect to the continuously transported web 1 surface, the discharged coating liquid is placed on the continuously transported web 1 surface. Applied. In addition, the amount of application at this time is an excess amount than the target application amount. At this time, the coating liquid discharged from the tip of the slit 22 forms a bead (meniscus) on the end 221 on the upstream side in the transport direction of the web 1 among the both ends 221 and 222 forming the tip of the slit 22. (See FIG. 2A).

Thereafter, the web 1 to which the excess coating solution has been applied is further conveyed along the backup roll 11, and the excess coating solution is dropped by the air doctor 30, so that the target coating amount is obtained. Excessive coating liquid dropped is
The liquid is collected by a collecting means (not shown), and is again supplied to the coating means 20 as a coating liquid.

By the way, the coating solution is continuously applied onto the web 1 by the coating means 20, and after a long period of time, a film is formed near the slit 22. Then, the film-like material adheres to the web surface, causing a streak-like spot failure on the web 1 surface. As a result of intensive studies by the present applicant, the coating liquid discharged from the slit 22 has accumulated (especially in a portion where beads are formed) in this film-like material. It was clarified to form. Further examination has revealed that, when the film is moistened with the coating solution (every predetermined time), streak-like spot failure on the web 1 surface does not occur.

Therefore, in the present embodiment, the slit 22
By supplying the coating liquid to the film-like material of the coating liquid generated in the vicinity and moistening the film-like material, there is no occurrence of streak-like spot failure, and the coating is performed without lowering the productivity. be able to. This specific means will be further described.

In the present embodiment, the coating means 20 is moved to a predetermined position (FIG. 2) for coating the coating liquid on the surface of the web 1.
2 (a), and a position separated from the predetermined position with respect to one surface of the web (in the present embodiment, downward, FIG.
(A position (b)). This separated position is a position that is more distant from the web 1 than the gap S between the web 1 and the tip of the slit 22 at the time of application. Then, at a predetermined time interval, the moving means is driven to move the coating means 20 to a position separated from the predetermined position. Then (coating means 2
0 is separated), and the coating means 20 is immediately returned to the predetermined position. During this time (predetermined position → separated position → predetermined position), the liquid supply means 15
Is controlled so that the supply of the application liquid is continued (that is, the application liquid is discharged from the slit 22).

As described above, by separating the coating means 20 (slit 22) while discharging the coating liquid from the slit 22, it is possible to wet the film-like material formed in the vicinity of the slit 22, and to form a streak-like material. The occurrence of spot failure can be eliminated. Furthermore, since the application unit 20 is immediately returned to the predetermined position after being separated, the application can be performed without reducing the productivity.

The interval at which the coating means 20 is separated from the predetermined position is preferably a long time in order to improve productivity, but is preferably 6 hours or less in order to eliminate the occurrence of spot failure. Immediately after the applicator 20 is separated, the term “immediately” when returning to the predetermined position refers to the slit 2.
It is sufficient that the time is sufficient to wet the film-like material formed near 0, and it is preferable that the time is 0.5 seconds or more for wetting the film-like material and 2 seconds or less for improving the productivity.

In the present embodiment, the long web 1
Are connected by a connecting member such as a tape 2 (see FIG. 2 (b)) and are formed to be longer (originally, the connecting member becomes a loss), so the connecting member 2 is not shown. If the application means 20 is separated from a predetermined position at this timing (when the connecting member 2 passes over the slit 22), the loss can be reduced.

In the present embodiment, the entire coating means 20 is moved by the moving means. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the slit 22 (both ends 221 and 22) may be used.
2 (including 2) may be moved. The point is that the film-like material formed at the tip of the slit 22 is not coated on the web 1 but is wetted with the coating liquid supplied when the film is separated.

(Second Embodiment) Next, a second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3A is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the coating unit 20 of the second embodiment showing the state of coating, and FIG. 3B is a perspective view of the coating unit 20 of the second embodiment. . In this embodiment, since the outline of the coating apparatus 10 is the same as that of the first embodiment, the description is omitted, and the coating means 20 having the same function and mechanism is the same. The reference numerals are given and the description is omitted.

The first embodiment described above is based on the fact that when the formed film is wetted with the coating solution, no streak-like spot failure occurs on the web 1 surface. The embodiment is based on the findings, as a result of further intensive studies, ascertaining the formation factors of the film-like material. The formation factor of the film-like material is generated at the gas-liquid interface which is the interface between the coating liquid and the air, and this film-like material grows on the solid which is the ends 221 and 222 of the slit 2, and this is It is transferred to the web 1 and appears as a streak-like spot failure. That is, the film-like material formed at the gas-liquid-solid interface causes a streak-like spot failure. In particular, on the end 221 of the slit 22 on the upstream side in the transport direction of the web 1, a bead is formed at the time of application, so that the application liquid tends to stay, and an environment in which a film-like material easily grows.

As a method for suppressing the formation of a film-like substance,
It is effective to increase the relative humidity near the application point, but for practical use, complicated equipment and management are required.

Therefore, in the present embodiment, the slit 22
Of the web 1 on the upstream side in the transport direction of the web 1 and adjacent to the slit 22 (on the end 221 of the slit 22)
In the meantime, the coating liquid is applied onto the surface of the web 1 while the coating liquid is being supplied, that is, the coating liquid is supplied onto the end 221 of the slit 22 so that an environment in which a film-like material is difficult to be formed, in other words, gas-liquid solid Avoid creating an interface. As a result, spot failure does not occur on the web 1 without lowering the productivity. Moreover, in this case, there is no need to interrupt the continuous coating, and the productivity is further improved.

The specific means will be further described. The coating means 20 of the present embodiment is provided with a liquid reservoir 23 for storing a coating liquid on the upstream side of the slit 22 in the transport direction of the web 1. The liquid reservoir 23 is provided on the web 1
Extends in the width direction (perpendicular to the paper surface in FIG. 3A),
The coating liquid can be stored at least over the width of the web 1. In the liquid reservoir 23, the chamber 2
The coating liquid is supplied from a plurality of discharge holes 26 provided in the distribution pipe 25 via a supply pipe 24 having one end communicating with the supply pipe 1 and a distribution pipe 25 connected to the supply pipe 24. Accordingly, in the present embodiment, the liquid supply means 15 (see FIG. 1) is configured to supply the coating liquid to the slit 22 and the liquid reservoir 23, thereby realizing low cost. However, the supply means for supplying the application liquid to the liquid reservoir 23 may be provided separately from the liquid supply means 15. The liquid amount adjusting member 27 is provided between the supply pipe 24 and the distribution pipe 25, and is a member for adjusting the liquid amount of the application liquid supplied to the liquid reservoir 23. For example, a needle method is used. Can be When the application liquid is being applied onto the surface of the web 1, the liquid amount adjusting member 27 is adjusted so that the liquid reservoir 23 is always filled with the application liquid. Also in the present embodiment, the coating unit 20 is a unit for coating the web 1 with a coating liquid in which the coating liquid amount applied by the coating unit 20 is larger than the target coating amount. When the coating liquid is applied on one surface, the slit 22 (more specifically, the tip of the slit 22) is positioned at a predetermined position (the gap S between the web 1 surface and the tip of the slit 22) with respect to the web 1 surface. Are located in

In the present embodiment configured as described above, the coating liquid is supplied to the slit 22 and the liquid reservoir 23 to apply the coating liquid on the web 1 surface. Thereby, Web 1
In the portion (end 221) on the upstream side in the transport direction and adjacent to the slit 22, the coating liquid stored in the liquid storage portion 23 is always supplied (see FIG. 3A), and the film is formed. An environment in which objects are not easily formed, in other words, a gas-liquid-solid interface can be prevented from being formed. As a result, spot failure does not occur on the web 1 without lowering the productivity. Moreover, in this case, there is no need to interrupt the continuous coating,
Further, productivity is improved.

(Third Embodiment) Next, a third embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the application unit 20 of the third embodiment showing the state of application. In this embodiment, since the outline of the coating apparatus 10 is the same as that of the first and second embodiments,
The description is omitted, and the same reference numerals are given to the coating means 20 having the same function and mechanism, and the description is omitted.

In the second embodiment described above, in order to prevent the formation of a film-like substance, that is, in order to prevent the formation of a gas-liquid-solid interface, the upstream side of the slit 22 in the transport direction of the web 1 is provided. Is provided with a liquid reservoir 23, and the coating liquid is constantly supplied thereto, so that the portion (end 221) adjacent to the slit 22 is brought into a state in which the liquid stored in the liquid reservoir 23 is supplied. However, in the present embodiment, the same effect is obtained with the application liquid discharged from the slit 22.

That is, of the two ends 221 and 222 forming the tip of the slit 22, the coating liquid discharged from the slit 22 flows down to the end 221 on the upstream side in the transport direction of the web 1, An environment in which a film-like substance is unlikely to be formed by applying a coating liquid, in other words,
Avoid creating a gas-liquid-solid interface. As a result, spot failure does not occur on the web 1 without lowering the productivity. Moreover, in this case, there is no need to interrupt the continuous coating, and the productivity is further improved.

The specific means will be further described. In the coating means 20 of the present embodiment, the slit 2
The direction in which the slits 22 extend (the direction A in FIG. 4) is changed in the transport direction of the web 1 (FIG.
(Direction B). Thereby, the coating liquid discharged from the slit 22 flows down on the end 221 even when the coating liquid is coated on the web 1 surface, thereby creating an environment in which a film-like substance is not easily formed. In other words, A gas-liquid-solid interface can be prevented from being formed. The facing angle θ between the slit 22 and the web 1 transport direction is 85
° (degree) or less, preferably 60 ° or more, more preferably 80 ° or less.

Further, in the present embodiment, the slit 22
Of the web 1 out of both ends 221 and 222 forming the tip of the web 1
A step is provided so that the end 221 on the upstream side in the transport direction is located vertically (downward in FIG. 4) below the other end 222. Thereby, the slit 22
The coating liquid discharged from the nozzle is discharged in a vector in a direction (direction rotated further rightward from the direction A in FIG. 4) further inclined toward the upstream side in the transport direction of the web 1 than the direction in which the slit 22 extends (direction A in FIG. 4). This makes it easier to flow down on the end 221 to create an environment in which a film-like substance is not easily formed, in other words, it is possible to prevent a gas-liquid-solid interface from being formed.

It should be noted that the level difference H (see FIG. 4) is 0 <
The range of H <1 mm is preferable, and if it exceeds this upper limit, it becomes difficult to apply the coating liquid on one surface of the web. In addition, the width t of the flat portion of the end 221 of the slit 22 (the end on the upstream side in the transport direction of the web 1) is set to 5 mm or less, and more preferably 3 mm or less, in order to make it easier to flow down on the end 221. ,preferable.

In this embodiment, the coating means 20 adopting both the inclination of the slit 22 and the provision of a step at the tip of the slit 22 is used. The application liquid discharged from the slit 22 flows down on the end 221, and an environment in which a film-like material is not easily formed can be created. Also in the present embodiment, the coating means 20 is a means for coating the web 1 with a coating liquid in which the amount of the coating liquid applied by the coating means 20 is larger than a target coating amount. When the coating liquid is applied on one surface, the slit 22 (more specifically, the end of the slit 22 and the end closest to the web 1 surface) is positioned at a predetermined position (web It is arranged in a gap S) between one surface and the tip of the slit 22.

[0048]

EXAMPLES Using the coating means 20 of the first to third embodiments described above (Examples 1 to 3, respectively), each coating solution shown in Table 1 was applied to a web 1 (a PET support having a thickness of 100 μm). )
Continuous coating on the surface (web transport speed is 100m / mi
n. ), The coating thickness in the wet state was regulated to 10 μm by the air doctor 30 shown in FIG. 1, and then dried. In Example 1, the application unit was separated for about 1 second at intervals of 5 hours. In the third embodiment, t = 2.5 m
m, H = 0.7 mm, and θ = 80 °. Further, a case where the same application unit as in Example 1 was not moved was performed as a comparative example. In all Examples and Comparative Examples, when the coating liquid was applied to the web, the gap between the web and the tip of the slit was set at S = 0.8 mm.

Table 1 shows the results obtained by visually observing the occurrence of spot failures on the webs which were continuously coated by the coating apparatuses of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example and dried.

[0050]

[Table 1]

As is clear from the table, in Examples 1 to 3, no failure occurs with any of the coating liquids even if the coating is performed continuously for 60 hours. On the other hand, in the comparative example, a streak-shaped spot failure occurred 6 to 16 hours after the application was started.

Further, as an additional effect of Examples 1 to 3, the state after the end of continuous application (after 60 hours) at the end portions (221, 222) of the slits of the application means is very good, and compared with the comparative example. In addition, the time required for the cleaning operation of the coating means can be greatly reduced.

[0053]

As described above in detail, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a coating method and a coating apparatus which do not cause a spot failure on a web surface without reducing productivity.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a coating apparatus.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of a coating unit.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a coating unit according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a coating unit according to a third embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 web 10 coating device 15 liquid supply means 20 coating means 21 chamber 22 slit 23 liquid storage part 30 post-metering means (air doctor) 221 end (upstream in web transport direction) 222 end (downstream in web transport direction)

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Masayoshi Furuya Konica Corporation, 1 Sakuracho, Hino-shi, Tokyo

Claims (13)

[Claims] 1. A coating method in which a supplied coating liquid is discharged from a slit arranged at a predetermined position with respect to a continuously conveyed web surface to apply the coating liquid on the web surface, wherein the coating liquid is discharged from the slit. A coating method, wherein the slit is separated from a web surface being continuously conveyed. 2. Immediately after separating the slit,
The coating method according to claim 1, wherein the coating is returned to the predetermined position. 3. A coating method in which a supplied coating liquid is discharged from a slit onto a continuously conveyed web surface to continuously apply the coating liquid on the web surface, wherein the coating liquid generated near the slit is provided. A coating method, comprising supplying a coating liquid to the film-like material to wet the film-like material. 4. A supply means for supplying a coating liquid, and a coating means having a slit for discharging the coating liquid supplied from the supply means, wherein the coating liquid discharged from the slit is continuously conveyed. A coating device for coating on the web surface, wherein the coating device has a moving unit for moving between a predetermined position for coating on the web surface and a position separated from the predetermined position with respect to the web surface. And a control unit configured to control the application unit to be separated from the predetermined position by the moving unit and to supply the application liquid to the slit from the supply unit. 5. A coating method in which a supplied coating liquid is discharged from a slit disposed at a predetermined position with respect to a continuously conveyed web surface, and is applied on the web surface. A coating method for applying the coating liquid on the web surface while supplying the coating liquid to a portion adjacent to the slit on the upstream side in the direction. 6. A coating method in which a supplied coating liquid is discharged from a slit disposed at a predetermined position with respect to a continuously conveyed web surface, and is coated on the web surface. On the upstream side in the direction, a liquid reservoir for storing the coating liquid is provided, and the coating liquid is supplied to the slit and the liquid reservoir,
A coating method for applying a coating liquid on a web surface. 7. A supply means for supplying a coating liquid, and a coating means having a slit for discharging the coating liquid supplied from the supply means, wherein the coating liquid discharged from the slit is continuously conveyed. A coating apparatus for coating on a web surface, wherein a liquid reservoir for storing a coating liquid is provided upstream of the slit in the web transport direction. 8. The coating apparatus according to claim 7, wherein a coating liquid is supplied to said liquid reservoir. 9. The coating apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the supply unit supplies a coating liquid to the liquid reservoir. 10. A coating method in which a supplied coating liquid is discharged from a slit disposed at a predetermined position with respect to a continuously conveyed web surface, and is coated on the web surface. A coating method for coating the coating liquid on the web surface while causing the coating liquid discharged from the slit to flow to an end of the section on the upstream side in the web transport direction. 11. A supply means for supplying a coating liquid, and a coating means having a slit for discharging the coating liquid supplied from the supply means, wherein the coating liquid discharged from the slit is continuously conveyed. In a coating apparatus for coating on the web surface, the coating liquid discharged from the slit is caused to flow down to the end on the upstream side in the web transport direction among both ends forming the tip of the slit. Coating equipment. 12. The coating apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the slit is disposed so as to be inclined so as to face a web conveying direction. 13. A step is provided such that an end on the upstream side in the web transport direction of both ends forming the tip of the slit is located vertically lower than the other end. The coating device according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the coating device is used.