JPH10279340A - Track material and track by foam door asphalt, method of manufacturing and construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [PROBLEMS] To provide a fixed structure in which an existing ballast can be reused and an entire ballast track is integrally connected. SOLUTION: A foam door-formed asphalt is kneaded with an aggregate composed of a ballast large aggregate and a small aggregate such as small crushed stone, earth and sand or crushed sand to form foam door asphalt around the small aggregate. To form a track material. As a result, when the track material is spread and rolled,
Small aggregates covered with foam door asphalt intervene in the gaps between the ballasts, which are large aggregates, and the small aggregates covered with the foam door asphalt join the ballasts together to form a whole. It is a structure that is connected to and exhibits excellent strength.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a foam door asphalt and an aggregate such as ballast and earth and sand, which are mainly used as a track material for railways and can be used also for pedestrian roads and the like. The present invention relates to a track material comprising: a method of manufacturing the track material; and a construction method, and a track structure obtained after the construction.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A track, which is a structure that supports rails and sleepers with a ballast made of only a large aggregate having an average particle size of 19 mm or more, undergoes deformation of the ballast (track deviation) due to the repeated load of a train. A lot of effort is put into its maintenance. In order to reduce the burden of track maintenance as much as possible, a switch to a track structure that solidifies all or part of the ballast or a track structure without ballast is being studied. The present invention relates to a track structure for solidifying a ballast as a whole. As a track structure without ballast, there is a concrete slab track used for a Shinkansen. At present, the construction cost of this concrete slab track is as high as 1.3 to 1.5 times the ballast track.

[0003] As a structure for hardening the ballast as a whole,
There is a tent floor and a B-type pavement track since ancient times.
There is a type pavement track. Tenmendo floor is a method of injecting cement asphalt mortar between existing ballasts to solidify the entire ballast. As shown in FIG. 6, the E-shaped pavement track is obtained by removing the portion of the existing ballast 1 that supports the sleeper 2 and laying the nonwoven fabric 3 on the surface of the removed concave portion, and then laying the bead crushed stone 4 thereon. In this method, the sleeper 2 is installed, and the asphalt mortar 5 is poured into the space 4 between the crushed beans and the sleeper 2 is fixed. The B-type and E-type pavement tracks have been developed to solve the drawbacks of the fill bed. In other words, in the Tenmendo bed,
This is because the filling material does not sufficiently penetrate into the ballast containing many fine particles, and the new ballast penetrates, but it is difficult to control the injection thickness. Also a normal PC
The sleeper has a drawback that when the track sinks, the rail fastening device cannot easily adjust the height.

[0004]

However, in the case of an E-shaped pavement track, it is possible to reduce the usage fee of cement asphalt mortar, but there are the following drawbacks to be solved. . In other words, the conversion to the E-shaped pavement track is performed by removing a part of the ballast 1,
A part of the track must be partially excavated to form a concave portion, and it is necessary to perform it so as not to interfere with the sleeper 2 and the rail 6, and there is a disadvantage that the excavation work is complicated. Therefore, when applied to commercial routes, it is difficult to perform extensively with large construction equipment, construction time is lengthened, and the construction work must be performed within a short time when train operation at night is stopped In addition, a heavy burden was imposed on the operator. Therefore, in the past, despite the simple work content within a short working time, it was necessary to rely on human naval tactics, requiring a lot of labor and costly. I was

[0005] The cement asphalt mortar injected between the beans crushed stones 4 requires a certain curing time before it hardens. Therefore, in order to convert the existing ballast track on the business route to the B-type and E-type pavement track, it is necessary to operate the train slowly during the curing time, which is a serious obstacle to the operation of the train itself. There was a problem. Further, in the construction of the E-shaped pavement track, it was necessary to separately provide a sealing material such as the nonwoven fabric 3 and a formwork.

Conventionally, in view of the fact that the cement asphalt mortar injection material is expensive, a method of heating a less expensive ordinary asphalt material to increase its fluidity and filling the ballast 1 can be considered. ing. However, in the existing ballast 1, the ballasts rub against each other due to the vibrations caused by the running of the train and become fine particles.
Over a long period of time, fine particles and muddy sand due to pumping have become abundant between ballasts, and as a result, injection of asphalt is prevented.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been improved and eliminated in view of the above-mentioned problems, and is capable of reusing an existing ballast. To provide a technology in which foam door asphalt coated around small aggregates acts as a binder to join ballasts together, and the entire ballast track can be made into an integrated structure. It is something you want to do.

[0008] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention employs a means for producing an aggregate comprising a large aggregate of ballast and a small aggregate such as small crushed stone, earth and sand or crushed sand. A track material made of foam door asphalt, which is obtained by kneading foam door asphalt molded into a foam.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the ballast as the large aggregate is 60 to 80 wt%, the small crushed stone as the small aggregate is 10 to 20 wt%, and the earth or sand or the crushed sand as the small aggregate is 5 to 5 wt%. About 15 wt%, and 4 to 7 asphalt components as foam door asphalt molded into a foam.
The material for a track made of foam door asphalt according to claim 1, wherein the material is wt%.

[0010] The means of claim 3 adopted by the present invention is:
The ballast as a large aggregate has a particle size of 19 mm or more, and the small crushed stone, earth and sand, or crushed sand as a small aggregate has a particle size of less than 19 mm. A track material using the foam door asphalt described.

Further, the means of claim 4 adopted by the present invention is that the foamed asphalt is made of asphalt by 160
The foam according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the foam is heated to a high temperature of up to 180 ° C, then brought into contact with water and mixed in a mixing chamber to form a fine foam. It is a track material made of asphalt.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there are provided a ballast of 60 to 80 wt% as a large aggregate, a crushed stone of 10 to 20 wt% as a small aggregate, and earth or sand or crushed sand as a small aggregate of 5 to 15 wt%. Prepare an aggregate consisting of: and adjust the water content to 4-9%, and heat 4-7 wt% asphalt to a high temperature of 160-180 ° C.
This was contacted with water and mixed in a mixing chamber to form a fine foamed foam asphalt, and the aggregate and foam door asphalt after the water content adjustment were mixed and taken out in a mixer. This is a method for producing a track material using foam door asphalt.

[0013] According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a rolling machine such as a load roller or a rammer after the track material obtained by the manufacturing method of the fifth aspect is carried in and spread out evenly. This is a method for applying a track material using foam door asphalt, characterized by being compacted.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided a small aggregate made of fine crushed stone or earth and sand or crushed sand covered with foam door asphalt in a gap between ballasts having a large particle diameter, which are large aggregates. This is a track made of foam door asphalt, wherein the small aggregate covered with the foam door asphalt joins ballasts to form a structure integrally connected as a whole.

[0015]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The configuration of the present invention will be described below with reference to the embodiments of the invention shown in the drawings. The same reference numerals as those in the conventional case denote the same members. 1 to 4 relate to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing a flow of a manufacturing process of a track material 7 by foam door asphalt, and FIG.
Flowchart showing preliminary work content before manufacturing the
FIG. 3 is a drawing showing a particle size distribution of a fine-grained existing ballast (hereinafter, referred to as an existing ballast) used for manufacturing the track material 7, FIG. 4 is a view showing each step of manufacturing and construction of the track material 7, FIG. 5 is a drawing showing the roadbed after construction.

First, the case of manufacturing the track material 7 will be described. The production of the track material 7 is performed by preparing an aggregate 8, asphalt 9 and water 10 as shown in the flowchart of FIG. 1 showing the entire production process. The aggregate 8 uses the existing ballast 11. As shown in FIG. 4A, the existing ballast 11 may be obtained by removing the rail 6 and the sleeper 2 and taking them out, and stocking them at an appropriate place. Then, at the time of manufacturing the track material 7, the particle size of the existing ballast 11 and the water content ratio are adjusted to obtain an aggregate 8 for manufacturing the track material 7.

The solid line in the particle size curve diagram of FIG. 3 represents the particle size distribution of the existing ballast 11. The dotted line shows the particle size distribution of a new ballast that has not been used yet (hereinafter, referred to as a new ballast). As described above, the new ballast is entirely composed of only large aggregates having a particle size of 19 mm or more, and as large as 37.5 mm or more, 65% is present. In contrast, 42 to 55% of the existing ballasts 11 have a particle size of 19 mm or more, many of which belong to the class of small crushed stone and crushed sand of less than 19 mm, and the ratio is about half.

The above-mentioned particle size adjustment is performed by setting the entire track material 7 to 1
When it is set to 00 wt%, the ballast of 19 mm or more as a large aggregate is in the range of 60 to 80 wt%, the small crushed stone as the small aggregate is in the range of 10 to 20 wt%, and the small aggregate is in the range of 10 to 20 wt%. 5 to 15 sand or crushed sand
Adjust so as to be in the range of wt%. In addition, asphalt component as foam door asphalt described later is added to the track material 7 in an amount of 4 to 7 wt%. The reason why such a particle size adjustment is necessary is that foam track asphalt in which the track material 7 has ballasts as large aggregates attached to the periphery of the small aggregates functions as a binder and binds them together, thereby securing the fixed track. This is because, in order to obtain a structure, these particle size distributions and mixing ratios have important technical implications.

When the ballast of 19 mm or more as a large aggregate is less than 60% by weight, the aggregate is in a state of being suspended in the fine particles, the engagement between the large aggregates is deteriorated, and the bearing capacity is reduced. There is a problem that causes
%, The amount of the large aggregate is too large and the mixture is in a rough state, and there is a problem that the engagement of the large aggregate at the time of construction is deteriorated. Also, if the amount of small crushed stone is less than 10 wt%, it becomes difficult to tighten, and if it exceeds 20 wt%, there is a problem that meshing of used crushed stone is deteriorated and the supporting force is reduced. Further, if the amount of soil or crushed sand is less than 5 wt%, it is difficult to fill the gap between the aggregates, and there is a problem that the strength of the mixture is reduced. This is because there is a problem that the engagement of the aggregate is impaired because of the amount. Furthermore, the reason why the asphalt component of the foamed asphalt is limited to 4 to 7 wt% is that it has been confirmed that 4 to 7 wt% is desirable in the upper limit, middle and lower limit of the ballast material having a predetermined particle size range. .

After recovering the existing ballast 11 and adjusting the particle size in this way, as shown in FIG. 2, the water content is adjusted to 4 to 9% by adding water or the like. The reason for limiting the water content to 4 to 9% is that the water content changes depending on the amount and particle size of earth and sand or crushed sand mixed in the ballast material in a predetermined particle size range, and this is a result confirmed by a test. The adjustment of the water content may be performed in the middle of the manufacturing process shown in FIG. This is because the water content changes depending on the weather when stocking in the stockyard.

Next, a specific method of manufacturing the track material 7 using the aggregate 8, asphalt 9 and water 10 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 4 (B). First, the aggregate 8 whose particle size has been adjusted as described above is prepared. The mixing ratio of the aggregate 8 is 93 to 96 wt%. Then, water is added to the mixture to adjust the water content to 4 to 9%. On the other hand, asphalt 9 is prepared in an amount of 4 to 7 wt%. Then, this is heated to a high temperature of 160 to 180 ° C., water is brought into contact with this, and the volume is expanded to 10 to 15 times by mixing in a mix chamber to form a fine foamed foam asphalt. I do.

Thereafter, the aggregate 8 after the adjustment of the water content and the foamed asphalt may be mixed and stirred in the mixer 12 shown in FIG. 4B. Thereby, the track material 7 can be manufactured. The track material 7 intervenes in a state where the foam door asphalt adheres to small aggregates such as small crushed stone, earth and sand, or crushed sand, and does not adhere much around ballasts as large aggregates. This is due to the mechanism by which the formed asphalt disperses as very fine particles and adheres to the fine particles having a large surface area, thereby improving the fine particles. Also, the foam door asphalt,
At room temperature, it exists while maintaining that state.

Next, from such a state, FIG.
As shown in (1), the track material 7 is carried into a portion of the track where it is to be newly installed, spread out to a predetermined thickness, and compacted by a rolling machine such as a load roller 13. Thereby, a track structure as shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B is obtained. That is, ballast 1 as a large aggregate
Small aggregates such as small crushed stone 14, earth and sand or crushed sand 15 covered with foam door asphalt 13 intervene between each other,
These small aggregates function as a binder between the ballasts 1. Moreover, after compaction, the gap between the ballasts 1 is further reduced, and the ballast 1 and a small aggregate intervening in these gaps and functioning as a binder form a fixed structure as a whole, The whole will bear the train load and the like. Therefore, it is possible to exhibit excellent strength against train load.

For reference, the conventional ballast 1
In a track where only the ballasts are compacted, the train load and the like are borne by the engagement of the ballasts 1, and a gap exists between the ballasts 1. When the ballasts 1 rub against each other due to the train load and wear, the gap becomes smaller, and as a result, the rails on the track largely sink. In the present invention, this is not the case, and it can be used semi-permanently.

The trajectory of the foam door asphalt obtained by the present invention shown in FIG. 5 is different from a conventionally known asphalt paved road. Asphalt paved roads heat both ballast and asphalt,
The entire circumference of the ballast is covered with asphalt, spread and leveled. In contrast, in the present invention,
The entire periphery of the ballast is not covered with asphalt, but foamed asphalt is covered around small aggregates interposed between the ballasts, which differs from the basic structure.

Incidentally, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, but can be appropriately changed. For example, the track material 7 can be applied to a promenade such as a park, a sidewalk of a general road, and the like, in addition to a railroad track. Rolling of the spread track material 7 may be performed manually by a rammer or the like, instead of using a large machine such as a road roller. Furthermore, the case where the aggregate 8 used for the track material 7 reuses the existing ballast 11 has been described. However, a new ballast, small crushed stone, earth and sand or crushed sand are prepared, and these are prepared within the above-mentioned predetermined particle size range. Of course, it may be adjusted so as to have a predetermined compounding ratio.

[0027]

As described above, in the present invention,
Foam door asphalt was mixed with aggregate composed of large ballast aggregate and small aggregate such as small crushed stone, earth and sand or crushed sand to make track material. It will be present in a state of being covered around. Therefore, the track obtained by spreading and rolling this is a fixed structure in which the ballast and the small aggregate covered with foam door asphalt interposed between the ballasts are integrated as a whole, and the whole As a result, it can bear train loads and the like, exhibit excellent strength against train loads, and can be used semipermanently.

Further, since the ballasts are integrally connected by a small aggregate covered with foam door asphalt, unlike the conventional track, the ballast is not scattered and maintenance for the ballast is not required. There is no need to prevent danger due to scattering.

Further, since the existing ballast can be reused, there is no need to treat it as industrial waste, and the cost of materials can be reduced. Furthermore, when converting from the conventional ballast track, it is sufficient to take out the entire conventional ballast track, fill the track material during that time and roll it, and introduce a large construction machine, etc., and it is extremely efficient It is also possible to do work.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing a process of manufacturing a track material using foam door asphalt according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing an aggregate particle size adjusting process according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a drawing showing the particle size distribution of the aggregate according to the present invention.

4A and 4B show a process for manufacturing and constructing a track material according to the present invention, wherein FIG. 4A shows a process for removing an existing ballast, and FIG. 4B shows a process for manufacturing the track material. , FIG. (C) is a drawing showing the same construction process.

FIG. 5 shows a trajectory according to the present invention, and FIG.
Is a longitudinal sectional view of the entire track, and FIG.

FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a conventional E-shaped pavement track.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Ballast 2 ... Sleeper 6 ... Rail 7 ... Track material by foam door asphalt 11 ... Existing ballast 12 ... Mixer 13 ... Foam door asphalt 14 ... Small crushed stone 15 ... Earth and sand or crushed sand

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Sadao Takenaka 2-4-2, Shibata, Kita-ku, Osaka West Japan Railway Company (72) Inventor Takaharu Nagafuji 2-chome, Hikaricho, Kokubunji-shi, Tokyo 38 Inside the Railway Technical Research Institute (72) Inventor Katsutoshi Ando 2--8 Hikaricho, Kokubunji-shi, Tokyo 38 Inside the Railway Technical Research Institute (72) Takahiro Horiike 2--8 Hikaricho, Kokubunji-shi, Tokyo 38 Inside the Railway Technical Research Institute (72) Inventor Kenichi Takao 2-8-8 Hikaricho, Kokubunji-shi, Tokyo 38 Inside the Railway Technical Research Institute (72) Inventor Yu Tajima 1-6-5 Shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo No. Nippon Road Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Kenro Aoki 1-6-5 Shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo Nippon Road Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Tsukamura Law, Minato-ku, Tokyo Shinbashi chome No. 6 No. 5 Japan Road within Co., Ltd. (72) inventor 枌 Takashi Minato-ku, Tokyo Shinbashi chome No. 6 No. 5 Japan Road in the Corporation

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A foam door asphalt trajectory characterized by kneading foamed foam asphalt into an aggregate composed of large ballast aggregate and small aggregate such as small crushed stone, earth and sand or crushed sand. Materials. 2. The ballast as a large aggregate is 60-80 wt.
%, Small crushed stone as small aggregate is 10 to 20 wt%, earth and sand or crushed sand as small aggregate is 5 to 15 wt%, and asphalt component as foam door asphalt is 4 to 7 wt%. The track material by foam door asphalt according to claim 1, characterized in that: 3. The ballast as a large aggregate has a particle size of 19
The track material by foam door asphalt according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the small crushed stone, earth and sand, or crushed sand as a small aggregate having a particle size of 19 mm or more is less than 19 mm. 4. The foamed asphalt is characterized in that asphalt is heated to a high temperature of 160 to 180 ° C., then brought into contact with water and mixed in a mixing chamber to form fine foam. The track material by foam door asphalt according to claim 1 or 2. 5. A ballast as a large aggregate of 60 to 80 wt%.
And an aggregate composed of 10 to 20 wt% of small crushed stone as small aggregate and 5 to 15 wt% of earth and sand or crushed sand as small aggregate is prepared, and the water content is adjusted to 4 to 9%. ７7 wt% of asphalt is heated to a high temperature of 160-180 ° C., water is brought into contact therewith and mixed in a mixing chamber to form fine foamed foam door asphalt. A method for producing a track material using foam door asphalt, wherein aggregate and foam door asphalt are mixed and taken out in a mixer. 6. A foam characterized in that the track material obtained by the production method according to claim 5 is carried in, spread out evenly, and then compacted by a rolling machine such as a load roller or a rammer. Construction method of track material by door asphalt. 7. A small aggregate made of foam door asphalt or small aggregate made of earth and sand or crushed sand is interposed in a gap between ballasts having a large particle diameter as a large aggregate and covered with the foam door asphalt. A track using foam door asphalt, characterized in that a small aggregate is formed by connecting ballasts together to form an integrally connected structure.