JPH10304633A - Synchronous rotating machine with permanent magnet and driving method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Problem] To provide a rotating machine capable of integrally fixing laminated thin plates without increasing the number of parts by short-circuit means. SOLUTION: A magnet 128 inserted in a rotor 1200.
0, the outer circumference of the rotor 1200 constitutes N magnetic poles and S magnetic poles. The magnetic flux of the N magnetic poles is the N magnetic pole side soft magnetic material pin 1281 and the N magnetic pole side rib portion 1 of the rotor yoke 1220.
223, cylindrical iron core 1231, S magnetic pole side rib 1223
And short-circuited to the S magnetic pole through the S magnetic pole side soft magnetic material pin 1281. Thereby, the effective magnetic flux to the stator 1100 side is shunted, short-circuited, and reduced.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a synchronous rotating machine combined with a permanent magnet, which can be mainly used as a rotating machine for an electric vehicle having a wide operating speed range.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art One of the problems when applying a permanent magnet type synchronous rotating machine to a traveling motor for an electric vehicle is that when the rotating machine is turned from a tire on a slope down, a rotating machine induced voltage is reduced. It is necessary to set the voltage so as to be equal to or lower than the withstand voltage of the power converter element connected thereto. As a result, the degree of freedom in the design of the rotating machine is reduced, so that a rotating machine or a power converter having a larger size than necessary is required.

When a permanent magnet type synchronous rotating machine is used as a generator, it is necessary to control the amount of power generation by a reaction magnetomotive force from a stator winding. In this case, the uncontrolled state becomes the maximum output and poses a safety problem. Therefore, the permanent magnet synchronous rotating machine is not generally used as a generator. Further, a reaction magnetic field is always applied to the permanent magnet as a demagnetizing field, and irreversible demagnetization is likely to occur.

As means for solving the above problem, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No.
In the hybrid excitation type rotating machine of the hybrid excitation type disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 351206, a rotor provided with a permanent magnet portion and an iron core portion is DC-excited from the stator side, and the iron core portion is N-shaped.
By exciting the pole or S pole, the direction of the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet on the stator is changed, and the amount of induced voltage is controlled by adjusting the amount of linkage with the stator winding. However, in this method, the magnetic flux in the stator interlinks in a direction penetrating the electromagnetic steel sheet, thereby increasing iron loss.

[0005]

However, in the above-mentioned permanent magnet type synchronous rotating machine, the magnetic flux in the stator interlinks in a direction penetrating the electromagnetic steel sheet, thereby increasing iron loss and lowering efficiency. Occurs. Therefore, the present invention has been made to solve these problems, and a field winding is provided on the rotor side of the permanent magnet synchronous rotating machine to adjust the magnetic flux from the rotor to the stator by the permanent magnet. By doing so, the efficiency of the high-speed range during motor operation is improved, the output of the low-speed range is improved,
It aims at realizing the miniaturization of the power converter.

[0006]

The present invention employs the following technical means to achieve the above object. That is,
According to the first aspect of the present invention, a magnet is provided on a rotor core in which thin plates made of a magnetic material are laminated in the axial direction, a sensing means for magnetically short-circuiting the magnetic flux of the magnet, and a magnetic flux amount flowing through the short-circuiting means. A field winding for control is provided, and the thin plates of the rotor core are integrated by short-circuit means. Thus, the rotor core can be reliably manufactured without increasing the number of parts.

Further, by forming the rotor magnetic poles from laminated electromagnetic steel sheets, it is possible to reduce iron loss generated on the magnetic pole surface due to fluctuations in magnetomotive force from the stator, thereby improving the efficiency of the rotating machine itself. . Then, when the generator operates, the amount of magnetic flux to the stator can be controlled by the external excitation circuit, so that highly efficient power generation output adjustment can be easily realized. When the motor is driven, the amount of magnetic flux is increased in the low rotation speed range and the magnetic flux is reduced in the high rotation speed range, so that the required input current to the stator winding can be suppressed. Therefore, the efficiency of the rotating machine is improved, and a smaller power converter can be used.

Further, since the rotor is made of an annular magnetic steel sheet, and the control winding is wound around the rotor rotation axis, both of them have a structure resistant to centrifugal force.

[0009]

FIG. 1, FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 show a first embodiment of the present invention. A sectional view of FIG. 1 (AA of FIG. 3)
As shown in the cross-sectional view along the line), the rotating machine 1000 includes a stator 1100 corresponding to a stator inside a front frame 1910 and an end frame 1911, and a stator 1100 with bearings 1920 and 1921 for the front frame 1910 and the end frame 1911.
A rotor 1200 corresponding to a rotor rotatable inside through an air gap, a resolver rotor 1930 for measuring a rotational position of the rotor 1200, and a resolver stator 193
And 1.

The stator 1100 has a three-phase coil 1110 for generating a rotating magnetic field and a stator core 11 in which electromagnetic steel sheets are laminated.
20 and the stator core 1120 is a three-phase coil 1
Slot 1121 for inserting 110, teeth 1122
And a core back 1123. Rotor 1
Reference numeral 200 denotes a magnetic circuit block 1250 including a rotor yoke 1210, 1220 and a field winding 1230 provided inside the rotor yoke 1210, and a non-magnetic plate 126 on both sides of the magnetic circuit block 1250.
0 is provided. A shaft 124 having a spline 1241 at the tip is provided inside the cylindrical iron core 1231.
0, and the field winding 1230 is
310, a brush 1320, a slip ring 1330, and an insulating portion 13 such as a resin mold inside the shaft 1240.
Power is supplied from the outside via a lead portion 1350 provided through the cable 40.

FIG. 2 shows a cross section taken along the line BB of FIG. 1. The rotor yoke 1210 is formed by laminating annular magnetic steel sheets, and n axial magnet insertion holes 1211 are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. In addition, a round hole 1212 is formed at the circumferential center of two adjacent magnet insertion holes 1211. FIG. 3 shows a cross section taken along the line CC of FIG. 1. As shown in FIG. 3, the rotor yoke 1220 is formed by laminating electromagnetic steel sheets, and has an annular portion 1221 and a boss portion 1222. And n / 2 radial ribs 1223 from the annular portion to the boss portion.

The annular yoke 1221 has a rotor yoke 1210
Similarly, axial magnet insertion holes 1224 are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. The magnet insertion holes 1211 and 1224 have different reference numerals for explanation, but both have the same size and shape. A round hole 122 is provided between the magnet insertion holes 1224 at the center in the circumferential direction.
5 are provided. This is also the round hole 1212 shown in FIG.
It has the same dimensions and shape. The rib 1223 is an annular part 1221
Are arranged in the radial direction at an interval of (720 / n) ° from the inner circumference at the position of the round hole 1225 and are connected to the boss 1222. The boss 1222 is an annular member having an insertion hole for the shaft 1240 at the center.

The magnetic circuit block 1250 includes a cylindrical iron core 1231 press-fitted into a selection of the shaft 1240 and a resin bobbin 1232 provided on the outer periphery thereof.
Field winding 12 wound unidirectionally on resin bobbin 1232
30 are provided, and both ends thereof are shifted and sandwiched by a pair of rotor yokes 1220 so that the ribs 1223 do not face each other.

In the magnet insertion holes 1211 and 1224, the magnet 1280 is inserted from the axial direction so that the magnetic poles of the adjacent magnets have the same magnetic pole, and the round holes 1212 and 1225 have the same shape as the round holes 1213 and 1225. A soft magnetic pin 1281 serving as short-circuit means is press-fitted from the axial direction. The rotor yoke 1210 made of a plurality of stacked annular magnetic steel sheets is integrally fixed by the pins 1281.

The three-phase coil 1110 of the rotating machine 1000 is connected to the power converter 200, and the power converter 200 is connected to the battery 300.
Is connected to The brush 1320 is connected to the field circuit 400, and the resolver stator 1931 is connected to the signal processing circuit 5
00 is connected. And a control circuit 600 for controlling the inverter 200, the field circuit 400, and the signal processing circuit 500.
Having.

The magnet 1280 inserted into the rotor 1200 is magnetized in the circumferential direction, and the outer periphery of the rotor 1200 is constituted by N and S magnetic poles by the magnet 1280. The magnetic flux of the N magnetic pole is N magnetic pole. Side soft magnetic pin 128
1. N magnetic pole side rib portion 1223 of rotor yoke 1220;
Cylindrical iron core 1231, S magnetic pole side rib 1223 and S
It is short-circuited to the S magnetic pole through the magnetic pole side soft magnetic material pin 1281. Thereby, the effective magnetic flux to the stator 1100 side is shunted, short-circuited, and reduced.

FIG. 4 equivalently shows a magnetic circuit of the rotating machine. Assuming that the stator-side magnetic resistance Rs, air gap magnetic resistance Rg, magnet part magnetic resistance Rm, short-circuit part magnetic resistance Rr, magnet magnetomotive force Fm, and field winding magnetomotive force Fc, the effective magnetic flux amount Φ1 flowing on the stator side is as follows. It can be expressed by an equation. Φ1 = (RmFc + RrFm) / (RrRm + Rm (R
g + Rs) + (Rg + Rs) Rr) The effective magnetic flux amount Φ1 can be arbitrarily set by setting each parameter. For example, when no current flows through the field winding (Fc =
0), Φ10 = RrFm / (RrRm + Rm (Rg + Rs) +
(Rg + Rs) Rr), and when the short-circuit portion magnetic resistance Rr is small, Φ10 ≒ 0. The short-circuit portion magnetic resistance Rr is determined by the magnetic resistance of the soft magnetic pin 1281, the rib portion 1223, the cylindrical iron core 1231, and the joint of each member. The effective magnetic flux amount Φ10 when no current flows through the winding 1230 can be adjusted.
Here, the magnetic flux density is set to 1T (tesla) or less so that the magnetic path from the rotor 1200 to the stator 1100 can be used in the BH (magnetic flux density-magnetic field) curve linear region of the constituent magnetic material.

When the field winding is energized, the magnetic flux Φ1c Φ1c for the field winding magnetomotive force Fc = RmFc / (RrRm + Rm (Rg + Rs) +
(Rg + Rs) Rr) is added, and the effective magnetic flux amount Φ11 becomes Φ1 = Φ10 + Φ1c, and the effective magnetic flux amount can be adjusted by the current flowing through the field winding.

A case will be described in which the rotating machine of the present invention is applied to a motor in a wide use speed range such as a traveling motor for an electric vehicle. That is, shaft 1240 is connected to the wheels of the electric vehicle. In the motor low-speed range where the field-weakening control is unnecessary, the current supplied to the field winding is increased to increase the amount of action magnetic flux Φ1. Since the motor-generated torque is proportional to the amount of applied magnetic flux Φ1 and the torque current, it is possible to reduce the torque current flowing through the stator winding by increasing the amount of applied magnetic flux Φ1.

Further, since the reaction induced voltage exceeds the applied voltage, in a high rotational speed range where the field control is required to weaken the motor drive, the current flowing through the field winding is set to zero and only the magnetic flux Φ10 by the magnet is used. It is possible to reduce the field current, which is originally unnecessary and is unnecessary, different from the torque current. As a result, the stator maximum current can be reduced, so that the heat generation of the winding portion is suppressed, and the rotating machine can be downsized. Further, since the current capacity of the power converter can be reduced, the size and cost of the power converter can be reduced.

Further, since the copper loss in the field winding is smaller than the copper loss in the stator winding, the control method for performing the field weakening in the field winding as in the present invention is as follows. Since the copper loss is small compared with the conventional control method of the permanent magnet type rotating machine that performs the field weakening only from the outside, the efficiency is good. Also, since the stator winding is generally intensively wound around the slot, even if a sine wave current without distortion flows through the stator winding, at a certain moment, the air gap between the inner circumference of the stator and the outer circumference of the rotor is observed. The field generated from the stator side to the rotor side (stator field field) is spatially stepwise with respect to the circumferential position of the stator. For example, when the rotor magnetic field having a spatially sinusoidal distribution is canceled by the step-shaped magnetic field, even if the rotor magnetic field can be canceled at a fundamental wave level corresponding to the wavelength of the rotor magnetic field, a harmonic magnetic field of the difference remains, which is an air gap, a stator core and The harmonic magnetic flux alternates with the rotor core (FIG. 5). Since the harmonic magnetic flux has a high frequency, it causes a large increase in stator core loss and rotor surface core loss, which is not preferable.

On the other hand, in the present invention, since the control method is to directly reduce the magnetomotive force from the rotor, the field weakening current of the stator winding may be small or zero (however, the current corresponding to the torque current is applied to the stator winding). Is generated), so that generation of harmonic magnetic flux is suppressed, and it is possible to minimize iron loss generated on the surface of the stator and the rotor due to this.

Further, the effective magnetic flux amount Φ10 when the field winding magnetomotive force Fc = 0 is expressed by BH of the magnetic characteristics of the constituent members in the effective magnetic path.
The reason set in the linear region of the curve is that the effective magnetic flux amount Φ10
This is because, when it is necessary to drive the motor in a high rotation speed region where the reaction induced voltage due to is higher than the applied voltage, it is possible to minimize the stator current necessary for the field weakening from the stator. Referring to FIG. 6, when the effective magnetic flux is reduced from Φ1 to Φ2 by the stator magnetic field, the required AT when the BH curve is linear is defined as ATa.
, When the required AT when nonlinear is ATb, ATa
If <ATb is satisfied and the number of turns of the stator winding is the same, the difference is a difference in the stator winding current.

With respect to an efficiency map (FIG. 7) in a TN (torque-rotation speed) curve when a conventional permanent magnet type rotating machine is operated as a motor, the rotating machine of the present invention is controlled by the above control method. The efficiency map in the TN curve when driven is as shown in FIG. 8, and the maximum efficiency range on the efficiency map is expanded. Also, in the rotor magnetic pole structure of the present invention, as in the conventional embedded magnet type rotating machine, the horizontal axis inductance is larger than the direct axis inductance, so the reluctance torque can be used as the output torque. Output torque increases.

When the rotating machine of the present invention is used as a vehicular generator, Φ10 is set to the level of a vehicular normal load, and only when a higher output is required, the field winding is energized. If this is the case, the copper loss of the field winding can be reduced and high-efficiency power generation is possible. 2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, salient-pole synchronous machines and claw-pole synchronous machines have been used as synchronous rotating machines capable of controlling the field from a rotor. Both use only the field winding,
An effective magnetic flux is obtained, and the field winding has a large resistance loss compared to the present invention in which the necessary minimum is supplemented by the field winding. Neither of them can be expected to improve torque by reluctance torque.

Further, the salient pole type synchronous machine has a structure in which the field windings are concentratedly wound around the respective rotor poles, so that there is no strength against centrifugal force. However, the field windings are concentratedly wound around the rotating shaft. The present invention is advantageous in terms of centrifugal force, and can cope with miniaturization by increasing the speed. Further, with respect to the claw-pole type synchronous machine, since the rotor magnetic pole surface is formed of an electromagnetic steel sheet, it is possible to suppress iron loss on the rotor magnetic pole surface.

FIG. 9 shows a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 9 shows a modification of the first embodiment in which the magnet insertion position is changed. A magnet 1282 is arranged inside a soft magnetic pin 1281 so that the magnetic field faces in the radial direction and the poles of adjacent magnets are different.
Here, magnetic flux leakage prevention holes 1284 are provided at both ends of the magnet to prevent the magnetic flux of the adjacent magnet 1282 from short-circuiting in the annular magnetic steel sheet.

FIG. 10 shows a third embodiment of the present invention. FIG.
0 is the auxiliary magnet 128 in the magnetic flux leakage prevention hole 1284 of FIG.
No. 3 is inserted, and the surface of the magnet 1282 in contact with the magnetic pole formed on the annular magnetic steel sheet has the same polarity as the magnetic pole, so that the effective magnetic flux amount can be further increased with respect to the second embodiment. . FIG. 11 shows a fourth embodiment of the present invention. FIG.
1 is an example in which the first embodiment is applied to a rotating machine having a long shaft.

As shown in FIG. 11, a rotating machine 1000 includes a stator 1100 corresponding to a stator inside a front frame 1910 and an end frame 1911 and a stator 1100 with bearings 1920 and 1921 with respect to the front frame 1910 and the end frame 1911.
A rotor 1200 corresponding to a rotor rotatable inside through an air gap, a resolver rotor 1930 for measuring the rotational position of the rotor 1200, and a resolver stator 1931
Having.

The stator 1100 has a three-phase coil 1110 for generating a rotating magnetic field and a stator core 11 in which electromagnetic steel sheets are laminated.
20 and the stator core 1120 is a three-phase coil 1
Slot 1121 for inserting 110, teeth 1122
And a core back 1123. Rotor 1
200 is a rotor yoke 1210, a rotor yoke 1220
And a plurality of magnetic circuit blocks 1250 constituted by field windings 1230 provided inside the rotor yoke 1210
And a disk-shaped non-magnetic plate 1260 provided at both ends of a plurality of stacked magnetic circuit blocks 1250, and a shaft 1240 having a spline 1241 at a tip thereof. The brush holder 1310, the brush 1320, and the slip ring 1330 Power is supplied from the outside via a lead portion 1350 provided inside the shaft 1240 via an insulating portion 1340 such as a resin mold.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. 11, and as shown in FIG.
Is formed by laminating annular magnetic steel sheets, n axial magnet insertion holes 1211 are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and a circular hole 1 is provided at the circumferential center of two adjacent magnet insertion holes 1211.
212 are provided. FIG. 3 shows a cross section taken along the line CC of FIG. 11. The rotor yoke 1220 is formed by laminating electromagnetic steel sheets, and has an annular portion 1221 and a boss portion 1222; And n / 2 radial ribs 1223. Like the rotor yoke 1210, the annular portion 1221 is provided with axial magnet insertion holes 1224 at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. The magnet insertion holes 1211 and 1224 have different reference numerals for explanation, but both have the same size and shape. A round hole 1225 is provided between the magnet insertion holes 1224 at the center in the circumferential direction. This also has the same size and shape as the round hole 1212 shown in FIG. Rib 1223
Is (72) from the inner circumference at the position of the round hole 1225 of the annular portion 1221.
0 / n) ° and are arranged in the radial direction at intervals of
Connect with. The boss 1222 is an annular member having an insertion hole for the shaft 1240 at the center.

The soft magnetic pin 1281 penetrates through the holes of the plurality of magnetic circuit blocks 1250 and the non-magnetic plate 1260, and the magnets need not be independent of each magnetic circuit block 1250. One magnetic circuit block 1250 is shared. The principle of short-circuiting the magnetic flux of the magnet in the rotor, the principle of generating an effective magnetic flux in the effective magnetic path, and the basic effect are the same as in the first embodiment.

Further, the magnet arrangements of the second and third embodiments can be applied to the fourth embodiment as they are. FIG. 1 shows the fifth embodiment.
2, and shown in FIG. 13 and FIG. (See FIG. 2 for a sectional view.) The fifth embodiment is an example in which the rotor yoke 1220 of the first embodiment is changed from a magnetic steel sheet to a soft magnetic core, and is different from the first embodiment (FIG. 1). On the other hand, only the rotor is different.
This will be described in Section 4. Here, FIG. 13 shows a P view of the rotor of FIG. 12, and FIG. 14 shows a Q view of the rotor of FIG.

The rotor yoke 1290 is formed by forging a soft magnetic iron core, and includes a disk portion 1291 and a disk portion 12.
A boss portion 1292 formed on the inner diameter side of the disc 91;
It is composed of n / 2 rib portions 1293 that radially project from the radial direction 91. The boss 1292 has an insertion hole for the shaft 1240 at the center axis, and a round hole 1295 is provided in the rib 1293. This is the round hole 121 shown in FIG.
It has the same dimensions and shape as 2.

The magnetic circuit block 1250 is provided with a resin bobbin 1232 and a field winding 1230 wound in one direction on the resin bobbin on the inner peripheral side of the rotor yoke 1210, and both ends of which are provided with a rotor yoke 1290 and a rib portion 1293. They are staggered so that they do not face each other.
In the magnet insertion hole 1211, the magnet 1280 is inserted from the axial direction so that the magnetic poles of the adjacent magnets become the same magnetic pole, and the round holes 1212 and 1295 are round holes 1212 and 1295.
A soft magnetic material pin 1281 having the same shape as that of FIG.

In this embodiment, since the rotor yoke 1290 can also serve as a member for restricting the axial movement of the rotor yoke 1210 made of an electromagnetic steel plate in addition to the magnetic path, the non-magnetic plate can be eliminated. Become. The principle of short-circuiting the magnetic flux of the magnet in the rotor, the principle of generating an effective magnetic flux in the effective magnetic path, and the basic effect are the same as in the first embodiment.

The magnet arrangements of the second and third embodiments can be applied to this embodiment as they are. A sixth embodiment is shown in FIGS. 15, 16 and 17 (see FIG. 2 for a sectional view). Since the rotor of the fifth embodiment is brushless, and only the rotor is different from that of the fifth embodiment (FIG. 12), only the rotor is shown in FIGS. 15, 16, and 17.
And FIG. 2 (showing the EE cross section in common with the first embodiment). Here, FIG. 16 shows a P view of the rotor of FIG. 15, and FIG. 17 shows a Q view of the rotor of FIG.

As shown in FIG. 15, the rotor 1200 has
Rotor yoke 1210 composed of a plurality of electromagnetic steel sheets, rotor yoke 1270 and rotor yoke 1275 composed of a soft magnetic iron core, ring 1950 composed of a non-magnetic material for mechanically connecting rotor yoke 1270 and rotor yoke 1275, rotor yoke 1210 and rotor yoke 1275 And a field winding bobbin 1274 made of a soft magnetic material, and a shaft 1240 having a spline 1241 at the tip.

The field winding bobbin 1272 has a field winding 12
30 is wound in one direction and fixed to the frame 1911 with bolts 1940. The field winding 1230 is supplied with power from the outside via the lead portion 1350. As shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, the rotor yoke 1270
Is forged from a soft magnetic iron core.
71 and a boss portion 12 formed on the inner diameter side of the disc portion 1271
72 and n / 2 rib portions 1273 radially projecting from the disk portion 1271 in the radial direction. Boss part 12
Numeral 72 has an insertion hole for the shaft 1240 in the center axis, and a round hole 1278 is provided in the rib portion 1273. This has the same size and shape as the round hole 1212 shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 17, the rotor yoke 1275 is formed by forging a soft magnetic iron core, and has an annular portion 1276 and n / 2 pieces radially extending from the annular portion 1276 in a radial direction. It is composed of a rib 1277. Further, a round hole 1279 is provided in the rib portion 1277.
In the magnet insertion hole 1211, the magnet 1280 is inserted from the axial direction so that the magnetic poles of the adjacent magnets become the same magnetic pole, and the circular holes 1212, 1278 and 1279 have circular holes 121.
Soft magnetic pins 1281 having the same shape as 2, 1278 and 1279 are press-fitted from the axial direction.

In this embodiment, a brushless rotating machine is realized irrespective of the configuration having a field winding on the rotor side. The principle of short-circuiting the magnetic flux of the magnet in the rotor,
The principle and basic effect of generating an effective magnetic flux in the effective magnetic path are the same as in the first embodiment. Further, the magnet arrangements of the second and third embodiments can be applied to this embodiment as they are.

As described above, according to the present invention, by providing a field winding capable of controlling the effective magnetic flux in the embedded magnet type rotor, the control which maximizes the efficiency in the entire rotational speed range of the rotating machine is achieved. Becomes possible. Further, since the magnetic pole is made of an annular magnetic steel sheet, the magnetic pole is strong against centrifugal force and iron loss generated on the magnetic pole surface can be reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a partial cross section of a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a BB line of FIGS. 1 and 11 and DD of FIG.
FIG. 16 is a sectional view taken along line EE of FIG. 15.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line CC of FIGS. 1 and 11;

FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating a magnetic circuit.

FIG. 5 is a characteristic diagram showing each magnetic field.

FIG. 6 is a characteristic diagram showing a relationship between a magnetic flux density and a magnetic field.

FIG. 7 is a characteristic diagram showing a relationship between torque and rotation speed of a conventional rotating machine.

FIG. 8 is a characteristic diagram showing a relationship between torque and rotation speed of the rotating machine of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a sectional view showing a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a sectional view showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a sectional view showing a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a view from arrow P of the rotor in FIG.

FIG. 14 is a view of the rotor in FIG.

FIG. 15 is a sectional view showing a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a view of the rotor in FIG.

FIG. 17 is a view of the rotor in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1000 Rotating electric machine 1100 Stator 1120 Stator core 1200 Rotor 1210, 1220 Rotor yoke 1230 Field winding 1211, 1224 Magnet insertion hole 1212, 1225 Round hole 1280 Magnet 1281 Soft magnetic material pin.

Claims (11)

[Claims] 1. A stator on which a stator winding is wound, a rotor core in which thin plates made of a magnetic material are laminated in an axial direction, and a magnetic flux is supplied to the stator from a magnetic pole surface of the rotor core. A magnet provided on the rotor core to form magnetic poles of N and S poles; a short-circuit means for magnetically short-circuiting the N and S poles of the rotor core; A synchronous winding machine with permanent magnets, comprising: a field winding for controlling the amount of flowing magnetic flux; and a thin plate of the rotor core integrated by the short-circuit means. 2. A plurality of first holes provided in an axial direction of the rotor core, and the magnet is inserted into the first hole to form an N pole and an S pole on the rotor core. 2. The synchronous rotating machine with permanent magnets according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic poles are constituted as described above. 3. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the short-circuit means is a magnetic pin inserted in a plurality of second holes provided in an axial direction of the magnetic pole of the rotor core in an axial direction. Or the synchronous rotating machine with permanent magnet according to 2. 4. The rotor according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the rotors are arranged in series in the axial direction by combining the short-circuit means and the field winding. Synchronous rotating machine with permanent magnet. 5. A first hole of the rotor core is a rectangular hole radially extending from a center axis side of the rotor core, and a magnetic pole of the rotor core is formed between the first holes. A connecting portion provided between the outer diameter side and the inner diameter side of the rectangular hole for connecting the magnetic poles, and the magnetizing direction is along the circumferential direction of the rotor core and is adjacent to the magnet. The synchronous rotating machine with permanent magnet according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the mutually opposed poles are inserted so as to have the same polarity. 6. The first hole is provided on an inner diameter side of the pin insertion hole of the rotor core, and a hole for preventing magnetic flux leakage is provided between the first holes. 4. The synchronous rotating machine with permanent magnets according to claim 3, wherein the magnet is magnetized in a radial direction, and is inserted into the first hole so that adjacent magnetic poles are alternately different. 5. 7. The same direction as the magnetic pole of the rotor core, which is magnetized by the magnet, and is opposed to the magnetic pole of the rotor core, which is oriented along the circumferential direction of the core. 7. The synchronous rotating machine with permanent magnets according to claim 6, further comprising an auxiliary magnet inserted into the rotating machine. 8. The short-circuit magnetic path includes: the rotor core; and core iron yokes provided at both axial ends of the rotor core and formed in the axial direction. The synchronous rotating machine with permanent magnet according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the rotor core and the iron core yoke are fixed by press-fitting into a hole provided in the iron core yoke. . 9. When the synchronous rotating machine with permanent magnet according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is driven as a motor and a generator, an electric power is applied to the stator winding of the synchronous rotating machine with permanent magnet. A power conversion circuit that is electrically connected and supplies AC power; and a field circuit that is electrically connected to the field winding and supplies DC power. The combination of a permanent magnet and a permanent magnet, wherein the phase and the amount of the flowing current and the amount of current flowing through the field winding by the field control circuit are adjusted to drive the synchronous rotor with a minimum loss. Driving method of synchronous rotating machine. 10. When the synchronous rotating machine with permanent magnet according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is driven as a motor, the synchronous rotating machine with permanent magnet is electrically connected to the stator winding of the synchronous rotating machine with permanent magnet. A power conversion circuit that supplies and supplies AC power, and a field circuit that is electrically connected to the field winding and supplies DC power. Large in the area,
A method for driving a synchronous rotating machine with permanent magnets, characterized in that the rotating speed is reduced in a high rotation speed range. 11. When the synchronous rotating machine with permanent magnet according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is driven as a generator, a field which is electrically connected to the field winding and supplies DC power. And a magnetic circuit, wherein the output is adjusted by increasing or decreasing the amount of current flowing through the field winding, and a method of driving a synchronous rotating machine with permanent magnets.