JPH10319962A - Guitar provided with magnetic flux attenuator and string vibration maintaining device for bass - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the string vibration maintaining device by which magnetic feedback is prevented under balanced and unbalanced magnetic conditions, no increase and decrease exist in the number of coil windings, a shunt plate is not used, an electromagnetic pickup and an electromagnetic driver are appropriately accommodated, magnetic flux noise is surely reduced and the balance adjustments are simply performed. SOLUTION: Relating to the device, the electric signals of string vibration detected by an electromagnetic pickup 8 are amplified by an amplifier 3 and a string 7 is excited by magnetic fluxes 10 radiated from an electromagnetic driver 9 in accordance with the amplified electric signals. In this case, the strength of the magnetic fluxes having fluctuations in the magnetic flux density radiated by the driver 9 is reduced by providing a magnetic flux attenuator 6, which is made of a weak magnetic body member such as aluminum and copper that have an antimagnetic characteristic, in the vicinity of the driver 9 or the pickup 8 in the direction orthogonal to the magnetic fluxes or at inclined angles of 30 to 150 degree.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a guitar and bass string vibration sustaining apparatus provided with an electromagnetic driver for driving a string and an electromagnetic pickup for detecting vibration of the string.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in this type of string vibration sustaining device for guitar and bass (hereinafter abbreviated as string vibration sustaining device), an electromagnetic pickup for detecting vibration of the string and an electromagnetic driver for driving the string are provided. Since both are devices that function through the variation of magnetic flux of the magnetic field lines, magnetic coupling occurs between the electromagnetic pickup and the electromagnetic driver. For this reason, when a string vibration sustaining device is manufactured, an amplifier amplifies an unnecessary electric signal of a magnetic field line attenuator generated by magnetic coupling, and an oscillation phenomenon called magnetic feedback occurs, causing a serious problem. Therefore, various attempts have been made on how to reduce the magnetic feedback and create a stable string vibration sustaining device.

As a first solution of the prior art, a method without magnetic coupling, a device for swinging a string is not an electromagnetic driver, but a piezoelectric device is attached to a speaker or the end of the string. This method employs a piezoelectric actuator such as an element and drives a string without emitting magnetic lines of force. (Publication No. 53-136120, Roland Corporation) However, in this method, when a speaker is used as a driver, there is a distance between the string and the speaker,
For this reason, a time delay occurs, the driving force is not synchronized, and the string vibration cannot be similarly maintained at any of the fret positions. Also, in a method in which a piezoelectric actuator such as a piezoelectric element is employed at the end of the string as a driver and the string is driven without radiating the lines of magnetic force, a large amplitude cannot be obtained with the piezoelectric element, so that the string cannot swing sufficiently. .
Further, a reaction force for swinging the strings is applied to the bridge as a reaction, and the sound of the drive signal is heard from the bridge, which is annoying during performance. Further, there is a restriction that the piezoelectric element is built in the bridge, so that the bridge is expensive and is not adopted.

[0004] Next, as a prior art which is a second solution, there is a method in which an optical pickup is employed instead of an electromagnetic pickup, and magnetic feedback is avoided by a pickup which does not react to lines of magnetic force. (The actual opening 55-15259
No. 7, Yamaha Corporation) However, in this method, as a disadvantage, the tone of the optical pickup is greatly different from that of the conventional electromagnetic pickup, and there is a problem in the tone. Furthermore, since the optical pickup malfunctions due to an external light beam, a cover must be provided in this part, and the strings are repelled.
There are some problems that cannot be done in this part.

A third solution, the prior art, is to use a humbucker coil type electromagnetic pickup or a humbucker coil type electromagnetic driver to reduce magnetic feedback. 2 humbucker coil type electromagnetic pickups or electromagnetic drivers
Built-in three coils, each coil to reverse operation,
Since the winding direction of the wiring or the coil is reversed, it is possible to cancel out the electromagnetic noise of unnecessary lines of magnetic force which are radiated from the outside. In addition, the electromagnetic driver has the same configuration as the electromagnetic pickup, and the lines of magnetic force output to the outside are strongly radiated only in the space near the electromagnetic driver. There is a property that does not invade. (U.
s. p. 2.896.491 the love
r) However, in this method, since the electromagnetic pickup and the electromagnetic driver are mounted on a plane, the distance between the electromagnetic pickup and the electromagnetic driver is different between the inside and the outside. The two coils of the electromagnetic pickup and the electromagnetic driver do not completely cancel each other out, and an electric signal is generated due to partly unnecessary magnetic field line noise. Even with this small amount of magnetic field line noise, the string vibration sustaining device causes various kinds of problems, such as causing magnetic feedback, delaying string vibration even before oscillation occurs, and changing the tone obtained from the electromagnetic pickup. Problems arise.

As a fourth prior art, a humbucker coil type electromagnetic pickup or a humbucker coil type electromagnetic driver is used.
In this method, one of the two coils of the humbucker coil type is output more strongly than the other, thereby reducing the magnetic feedback by creating an unbalanced magnetic state. More specifically, as described in the solution 3, in the humbucker coil type electromagnetic pickup or the electromagnetic driver, since the inner coil has stronger magnetic coupling than the outer coil, it is necessary to eliminate the magnetic feedback. In order to distribute the magnetic coupling of the inner coil in the same way as the outer, reduce the number of turns of the inner coil, or by attaching an iron piece, which is a ferromagnetic material, close to the inner coil, Weaken the output of the inner coil, so to speak, lower the sensitivity and balance the inner and outer balance.
In other words, a humbucker coil type electromagnetic pickup or a humbucker coil type electromagnetic driver in an unbalanced magnetic coupling state is used. (Usp.
4.941.388 Hoover, et al. )

However, in this method, since the magnetic characteristics of the two coils are different because the number of turns and the ferromagnetic material are close to the coils, the magnetic state imbalanced by frequency does not change at the same ratio at any frequency. If the oscillation frequency of the magnetic feedback changes and the frequency shifts, sufficient effects cannot be obtained, and magnetic feedback occurs. Also,
Even if it does not oscillate, the delay of the string vibration may be delayed,
The tone obtained from the electromagnetic pickup changes.

This fourth solution significantly reduces magnetic feedback and was manufactured as a guitar with a string vibrator, but the magnetic feedback remained, albeit a little, and sometimes caused unstable magnetic feedback. The production of this type of guitar has stopped.

As a fifth solution, the prior art discloses a horizontal electromagnetic driver having a feature in which the direction in which the electromagnetic driver emits the magnetic force lines does not interfere with the electromagnetic pickup, that is, the electromagnetic driver emits the magnetic force lines in the lateral direction of the electromagnetic pickup. This is a method using an electromagnetic driver. this is,
Magnetic force lines output from an electromagnetic driver Magnetic force line attenuator penetrates into the electromagnetic pickup in an up-down equilibrium to generate an electromotive force that cancels out above and below one coil in the electromagnetic pickup, thereby canceling the effect of the magnetic lines of force. It is. This is a method of preventing magnetic feedback by creating a balanced magnetic state. (Publication 5-46175
And u. s. p. (5.585.588 Fernandez Corporation) By this method, a guitar with a string vibration sustaining device has been manufactured since 1992, and is still manufactured today.

This method has sufficient magnetic feedback,
The magnetic feedback is sufficiently reduced until the device can be manufactured stably even with a certain variation in each device or part during manufacturing. But still,
As a problem, the electromagnetic pickup and the electromagnetic driver
Problems such as magnetic feedback generated by magnetic lines of force and a low degree of freedom in mounting arrangement remain.

In addition to the above solutions, many other methods have been proposed in the prior art. For example, a method in which an electric current is applied to a string to drive the string directly like a linear motor.
(Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 52-151022, Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 53-1398)
No. 36, Roland Co., Ltd.) or a method in which a current of an electromagnetic driver is caused to flow in the vicinity of an electromagnetic pickup, and magnetic lines of force radiated from the electromagnetic driver are canceled by this current (usp. 5.378.850 Fernandez Corporation) ) Or two electromagnetic drivers to cancel magnetic lines of force with an electromagnetic pickup (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-259078).
No. Casio Computer Co., Ltd.). However, in either case, the cost is high to prevent magnetic feedback, it exceeds the practical production price, the frets cause poor contact, there is a problem with durability, and in mass production, However, there are many adjustment points, and therefore, the yield is poor or there are various problems. These methods cannot be used as a sufficient method for preventing magnetic feedback. Therefore, there is a need for a string vibration sustaining device that can arrange an electromagnetic pickup and an electromagnetic driver close to each other, and that can flexibly cope with various types of electromagnetic pickups and electromagnetic drivers, is inexpensive, has mass production, and has high yield. Have been.

[0012]

In the conventional string vibration sustaining device, an electromagnetic pickup and an electromagnetic driver are used to ensure that the strings vibrate sufficiently and that the string vibrations are ensured at any fret position. When the resulting string vibration sustaining device is manufactured, there is a problem in that the system becomes expensive and the manufacturing price increases. Furthermore, in a string vibration sustaining device that uses a humbucker coil type coil to prevent magnetic feedback using an imbalance caused by an electromagnetic pickup or electromagnetic driver, one of the coils of the humbucker coil type coil changes its magnetic characteristics, so the oscillation frequency of the magnetic feedback changes. As a result, the imbalance ratio changes, and the string vibration sustaining device becomes unstable. Furthermore, when manufacturing the electromagnetic pickup or the electromagnetic driver, the characteristics of the coil are changed, so that the manufacturing process becomes complicated, and there is a problem that the electromagnetic pickup or the electromagnetic driver becomes expensive. Also,
In an imbalanced string vibration sustaining device that uses a ferromagnetic shunt plate that has the same number of turns in the coil, in a bar pole piece in which the electromagnetic pickup and electromagnetic driver are plate-shaped pole pieces, the iron piece is close to the coil It is effective because the imbalance is sufficiently generated because it is installed as a pole piece, but the pole piece that is widely used is generally cylindrical and the pole piece is as large as 4 mm in diameter, and the bobbin around which the coil is wound is also large. Therefore, the iron piece of the shunt plate is located more than twice as far as the bar pole piece when viewed from the pole piece, so that imbalance cannot be created enough,
There was a problem of causing magnetic feedback.
In addition, since the shunt plate is a ferromagnetic material, it has the effect of drawing magnetic field lines from space, causing unnecessary magnetic field line noise and magnetic coupling. As a result, the shunt plate can be provided only in places where the mounting position is limited. There is. Further, there is a problem that the magnetic characteristics of the coil near the shunt plate change.

When an imbalance is created by using a humbucker coil type coil in an electromagnetic pickup or an electromagnetic driver, it is more effective to change the number of coil turns than to a shunt plate in a pole piece type electromagnetic pickup or an electromagnetic driver. To work.

As a method for preventing magnetic feedback in a balanced magnetic state, in a horizontal electromagnetic driver that radiates lines of magnetic force in the horizontal direction, the upper and lower sides of the electromagnetic pickup coil are not always the same sensitivity, and depending on the electromagnetic pickup used. However, even if the magnetic force lines are made to penetrate vertically, the magnetic force lines are not completely canceled out, and there is a problem that a small but unnecessary interference signal is generated by the magnetic force lines. This is a problem caused by the structure of the electromagnetic pickup.As a cause, in the case of a humbucker coil type electromagnetic pickup, the shape of the pole piece is different even if the coil is manufactured with the same number of turns, for example, the screw part for adjustment This is because the pole piece itself has a vertically asymmetric shape. Another cause is that when the number of windings increases during production, the coil swells due to distortion and does not have the same number of windings above and below. Furthermore, in the pole piece, the magnet is unevenly distributed under the pole piece, so that the magnetic field is slightly different between the upper and lower parts, and the electromotive voltage due to the magnetic field is affected and is not the same. Even if these problems are known, even if the winding of the coil of the electromagnetic pickup is adjusted evenly in the manufacturing process, it is impossible to adjust because the coil, pole piece and magnet are impregnated with wax and hardened. There were problems that were possible. This problem has the same problem with the humbucker coil type electromagnetic driver.

According to the present invention, there are provided a string vibrating sustaining device for preventing magnetic feedback by an imbalanced magnetic state and a string vibrating sustaining device for preventing magnetic feedback by an imbalanced magnetic state. No plate is used, it can flexibly cope with various electromagnetic pickups and electromagnetic drivers, is easy to handle and can reliably reduce magnetic field line noise, can easily adjust imbalance and balance, and has low manufacturing costs. It is aimed at realizing a string vibration sustaining device that satisfies inexpensiveness and the like.

[0016]

In order to achieve the above object, in a string vibration sustaining device according to claims 1 and 2 as an example of a string vibration sustaining device of the present invention, the basic principle is schematically shown in FIG. It is drawn in. There is a single coil type electromagnetic pickup 8 facing the string 7, and when the string 7 vibrates, an electric signal is generated in the coil 1 in the single coil type electromagnetic pickup 8. This electric signal is input from the electromagnetic pickup 8 to the amplifier 3 and is greatly amplified by the amplifier 3. The output of the amplifier 3 enters the single-coil type electromagnetic driver 9, and a current flows through the coil 4 of the electromagnetic driver 9. This current causes the electromagnetic driver 9 to radiate lines of magnetic force 10 toward the strings 7. The string 7 is attracted by the action of the magnetic force lines 10 and swings. The vibrated string 7 again generates an electric signal to the electromagnetic pickup 8, and the same is repeated in the same manner, and the vibration of the string 7 is maintained. At this time, the magnetic field lines 10 pass through the strings 7 and reach the electromagnetic pickup 8, pass through the electromagnetic pickup 8, pass through the magnetic field string attenuator 6, and return to the electromagnetic driver 9. The magnetic force line string attenuator 6 has a function of weakening the loop of the magnetic force lines 10 by an operation described below. The magnetic flux becomes an eddy current in the magnetic string attenuator and is generated in the magnetic flux attenuator. Since the current flows through the magnetic flux attenuator, a magnetic flux opposite to the magnetic flux to be passed is generated. As a result, the passing magnetic flux 10 is attenuated. Be done

As a magnetic string attenuator, as a result of various experiments,
Among conductive weak magnetic materials, materials made mainly of aluminum or copper can attenuate magnetic lines of force, but brass and tin, alloys of copper and zinc, could only attenuate lines of magnetic lines slightly. . Also, aluminum is about 2 times more than copper.
It was found to attenuate the magnetic field lines. In addition, iron, which is a ferromagnetic material, has a very high effect of attracting the lines of magnetic force,
For this reason, iron promotes magnetic line noise and magnetic coupling, and is not suitable as a material of the magnetic line string attenuator. A small amount of iron could be used as a balancer for the magnetic field string attenuator. However, in this case, unless the amount is very small, magnetic feedback is caused instead. So the magnetic field string instrument 6
Is made of a weak magnetic material having a strong diamagnetic effect, such as aluminum or high-purity copper. If the magnetic field string attenuator 6 has a thickness of 0.5 mm or more and the magnetic field string attenuator is used as a balancer, If it is 0.03 mm or more, it is effective as a magnetic string attenuator or a balancer. The shape is approximately planar and 3 * 20 mm or more as a magnetic stringer, and 2 * 5 if a magnetic stringer is used as a balancer.
mm or more. The magnetic line attenuator exhibits its maximum effect when it is perpendicular to the magnetic lines of force.
An angle of 50 degrees is effective. In the case of FIG. 1, a magnetic field string attenuator 6 is attached to a magnet 5 disposed below a coil 4 of an electromagnetic driver 9. As shown in FIG. 5 as another embodiment of the second aspect, the electromagnetic driver 9 of FIG. 1 is not a single coil type but a humbucker coil type. In this case, since the magnetic field string attenuator 6 attenuates the magnetic field lines in both the coils 12 and 13 of the electromagnetic driver 9, magnetic feedback due to an unbalanced magnetic state is not prevented, but the magnetic field lines 10 are simply weakened. This prevents magnetic feedback. Even if the magnetic force line attenuator 6 is attached to the magnetic force lines 10 that move the strings 7, the driving force does not decrease.

In the string vibration sustaining device according to the first and third aspects, as shown in FIG. 2, the position of the magnetic force string attenuator 6 is not near the electromagnetic driver 9 but near the electromagnetic pickup 8 as compared with FIG. Have moved to. FIG. 7 shows another embodiment of the present invention, in which the electromagnetic pickup of FIG. 2 is changed from a single coil type to a humbucker coil type.

In the string vibration sustaining device according to the first and fourth aspects, as shown in FIG. 3, the electromagnetic driver uses a type called a horizontal electromagnetic driver 11 in which magnetic lines of force are arranged in the horizontal direction and a balanced magnetic state is used. This is a string vibration sustaining device that prevents magnetic feedback. As another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9, the electromagnetic driver 11 uses a stack type humbucker coil type electromagnetic driver. Also in this case, the magnetic force lines 10 are output horizontally as in FIGS. In FIG. 3, the magnetic force string attenuator 6 is disposed on the side of the electromagnetic driver 11. The magnetic field string attenuator 6 is made of aluminum and has a thickness of 0.8 mm and a size of 15 * 40.
A substantially flat plate of mm is used. As a fine adjustment, when the magnetic force line string attenuator 6 is used as a balancer, tape-like aluminum may be used, and a thickness of 0.03 mm and a size of 5 * 20 mm may be used.

In the string vibration sustaining device according to the first and fifth aspects, as shown in FIG. 3, the magnetic force string attenuator 6 is disposed not on the electromagnetic driver 9 but on the side of the electromagnetic pickup 8. When attaching the magnetic line attenuator 6 to the electromagnetic pickup 8, an aluminum plate is attached to the side surface of the case of the electromagnetic pickup 8. The magnetic line attenuator 6 is made of aluminum and has a thickness of 0.
A substantially flat plate having a size of 8 mm and a size of 15 * 40 mm is used. If the magnetic line attenuator 6 is used as a balancer to make the electromagnetic pickup 8 vertically symmetrical, tape-like aluminum or copper foil may be attached. When using the magnetic field string attenuator 6 as a balancer as a fine adjustment, a tape-shaped aluminum may be used, and the thickness is 0.03 mm.
* It may be 20 mm.

In the string vibration sustaining device according to the first and sixth aspects, as shown in FIG. 6, the position of the magnetic force line attenuator 6 is unevenly distributed only toward the coil 12 from FIG. As a result, the magnetic lines of force of the coil 12 are weakened more than the coil 13, resulting in an unbalanced magnetic state. The oscillation 6 is made of aluminum and has a thickness of 0.8 mm and a size of 15 * 40 mm. When the magnetic force string attenuator 6 is used as a balancer as a fine adjustment, a tape-shaped aluminum may be used, and the thickness is set to 0.
It may be a 03 mm size 10 * 20 mm.

In the string vibration sustaining device according to the first and seventh aspects, the magnetic field string attenuator 6 is disposed near the base plate of the electromagnetic pickup 8 as shown in FIG. The oscillation 6 is made of aluminum and has a thickness of 0.8 mm and a size of 30 * 4.
0 mm is used. When the magnetic force string attenuator 6 is used as a balancer as a fine adjustment, tape-shaped aluminum may be used, and a thickness of 0.03 mm and a size of 10 * 20 mm may be used.

In the string vibrating sustaining device according to the first and eighth aspects, as shown in FIG. 12, it is effective to integrate the magnetic field string attenuator 6 with the base plate 14 to reduce the cost. Also, the process of attaching the magnetic force line string attenuator can be reduced. In this case, since the base plate 14 is required to have strength as a magnetic field string attenuator, a hard brass of about 0.5 mm is conventionally used, but a thickness of 0.8 mm or more of aluminum is used as a magnetic field string attenuator. . In addition, if a magnetic string attenuator is used as a balancer for the purpose of adjustment, it may be 0.8 mm or less as long as the strength allows. In the base plate-shaped magnetic string attenuator 14,
As shown in this figure, when the pole piece of one coil 30 is opened in the magnetic field string attenuator 6 with square holes 32 and 35 as necessary to expose the pole piece, the coil output of this portion does not attenuate. Thus, a string vibration sustaining device that is unbalanced compared to the other coil and prevented by magnetic feedback due to an unbalanced magnetic state can be realized. Even if the square holes 32 and 35 are not opened, they function as magnetic line attenuators, so they do not always need to be opened. The mounting screw hole 33 is used for mounting an electromagnetic pickup or an electromagnetic driver on the instrument body.

In the string vibration sustaining device according to the first and ninth aspects, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 10, the magnetic field string attenuator 6 is used to finely adjust the balanced or unbalanced magnetic state by using an aluminum piece or the like. Uses taped aluminum. Magnetic line string attenuator 6
It may be pasted on for further adjustment purposes. When using the magnetic line attenuator 6 as a balancer as a fine adjustment, tape-shaped aluminum may be used, and a thickness of 0.03 mm and a size of 5 * 10 m
m.

In the string vibration sustaining device according to the first and tenth aspects, as shown in FIG. 13, a mounting hole is provided in the aluminum piece 34, and a glue or adhesive layer is provided on the back surface. Alternatively, a paste or an adhesive layer may be provided on the back surface of the tape-shaped aluminum 34. This is used to apply to FIGS.

FIG. 10 shows a case where the magnetic pickup 8 and the electromagnetic driver 9 both use the humbucker coil type, and the magnetic field string attenuator 6 is disposed near the electromagnetic driver 9. The magnetic line attenuator may be provided on the electromagnetic pickup 8 instead of the electromagnetic driver 9, and the magnetic line attenuator 6 may be provided on both the electromagnetic pickup 8 and the electromagnetic driver 9.

The shape of the magnetic field string attenuator shown in FIGS. 1 to 13 is not limited to a flat shape, but may be an L-shape or a U-shape as required. In some cases, this does not need to be shifted during mounting. FIG. 11 schematically illustrates the conventional basic principle.

[0028]

The string vibration sustaining device constructed as described above will be described based on the basic principle of FIGS. 1 and 11. In FIG. 11, which is a conventional example, a string 7 of a magnetic material is pinched with a finger. And fluctuates the surrounding magnetic field. The fluctuation of the magnetic field is generated by the coil 1 built in the electromagnetic pickup 8, and the vibration of the string 7 is converted into an electric signal. The string signal obtained from the electromagnetic pickup 8 is greatly amplified by the amplifier 3. The amplified string signal is input to the electromagnetic driver 9.
In the electromagnetic driver 9, a current flows through the built-in coil 4, whereby the magnetic field lines 10 are radiated from the electromagnetic driver 9 toward the strings 7. The strings 7 are attracted and oscillated by the radiated lines of magnetic force 10. By repeating the above, the string vibration is maintained. At this time, the lines of magnetic force 10 radiated from the electromagnetic driver 9 for the purpose of swinging the string 7 unnecessarily enter the electromagnetic pickup 8 which is not the purpose. As a result, in the electric signal output from the electromagnetic pickup 8, a noise signal due to the magnetic lines of force is generated as an electric signal in addition to the electric signal of the original string vibration. This magnetic line noise signal is also amplified by the amplifier 3 and output as the magnetic line 10 from the electromagnetic driver 9. Therefore, magnetic line noise occurs again in the electromagnetic pickup 8, and a transmission phenomenon by magnetic feedback occurs regardless of the vibration of the string 7.

However, in the string vibration sustaining device (FIG. 1) to which the magnetic field string attenuator 6 is attached, since the magnetic field string attenuator 6 is located near the electromagnetic driver 9, the magnetic field lines 10 output from the electromagnetic driver 9 are magnetic field strings. Since an eddy current is generated in the magnetic attenuator 6 and generated and flows in the magnetic string attenuator 6, a magnetic field line opposite to the magnetic field line 10 to pass through is generated. As a result, the passing magnetic field line 10 is attenuated. In FIG. 8, the magnetic field line 10 noise is slightly generated as an electric signal.
Since the magnetic field line 10 has the coil 4 and the magnet 5 near the string, even if the magnetic field line 10 is attenuated by the magnetic field line attenuator 6, the string 7 has almost no effect. However, since the coil 1 is farther away from the electromagnetic driver 9 in the electromagnetic pickup 8, the magnetic line noise 10 including the magnetic line string attenuator 6 is converted into an electric signal as a whole. Decrease.

When the magnetic field string attenuator 6 is attached to the humbucker coil type electromagnetic pickup 8 shown in FIG. 8, since the magnetic field string attenuator 6 is unevenly distributed only near the coil 16, the magnetic field line 10 output from the coil 16 is formed. Is attenuated because it passes through the magnetic stringer 6. However, coil 15
Since the magnetic field line attenuator 6 is not in the vicinity, the magnetic field lines 10 do not change. Thus, when the coil 16 does not have the magnetic string attenuator 6, it is closer to the electromagnetic driver 9, so that magnetic line noise is generated larger than the coil 15. Therefore, when the magnetic line string attenuator 6 is provided, the sensitivity of the coil 16 with respect to the magnetic line 10 is reduced, whereby signals having the same amplitude and opposite phases are generated in the coil 15 and the coil 16, and are canceled out, thereby eliminating magnetic line noise. Is done. This causes the two coils to be in an unbalanced magnetic state, thus further preventing magnetic feedback.

When the magnetic field string attenuator 6 is attached to the humbucker coil type electromagnetic driver 20 shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the magnetic characteristics of the two coils do not change significantly, so that the change occurs when the number of turns of the coils is changed. Thus, the magnetic field line noise is favorably canceled without any difference in frequency characteristics.

In the string vibration sustaining device shown in FIGS. 6 and 8, in the system for preventing magnetic feedback using an unbalanced magnetic state, the magnetic characteristics of two coils are controlled by the electromagnetic pickup 8 or the electromagnetic drivers 9, 10. To make the difference between
Since the magnetic field lines 10 can be attenuated by the magnetic line string attenuator 6 without using the number of turns of the coil or the shunt plate, the magnetic feedback can be prevented. Furthermore, since the magnetic field string attenuator 6 can be easily attached and detached, the balance completed by the magnetic field string attenuator 6 or the magnetic field string attenuator is carefully attached to the product completed in the final step of the guitar or bass manufacturing process. Adjustments can be made easily.

In the string vibration sustaining device shown in FIGS. 3, 4 and 9, since the magnetic feedback is prevented by a balanced magnetic state, the magnetic field string attenuator 6 is attached to the two coils in the same manner. In the case where the magnetic properties of the two coils are slightly deteriorated, the magnetic field string attenuator 6 is used as a balancer, and only one of the coils is slightly out of balance. There is an operation that can be set by fine-adjusting in step 6 to obtain a higher balance. Thereby, there is an effect that a high-performance stable string vibration sustaining device can be obtained.

Further, if the magnetic field string attenuator and the base plate are integrated and used as shown in FIG. 12, the number of parts does not increase, and the step of mounting the magnetic field string attenuator is not required. It also has the effect of reducing costs.

[0036]

Embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings.
Various embodiments are shown in FIGS. FIG. 11 shows a conventional string vibration sustaining device. FIG. 12 shows a plan view in which the magnetic field string attenuator is integrated with the base plate. FIG. 13 is a perspective view of a magnetic field string attenuator having an adhesive layer to facilitate attachment of the magnetic field string attenuator.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, an electromagnetic pickup 8 is arranged opposite to a string 7 and the coil 1 is wound around a pole piece 17 in a case. A constant magnetic field is formed between the pole piece 17 and the coil 1 by the magnet 2, and when the string 7 vibrates, the formed magnetic field fluctuates. This variation is converted into an electric signal by the coil 1 of the electromagnetic pickup 8 and becomes a string signal. The string signal is input to the amplifier 3 and amplified. The amplified string signal is input to the electromagnetic driver 9, and a current flows through the coil 4 in the case of the electromagnetic driver 9. The magnet 5 is for previously sucking the strings 7 to some extent. When a current flows through the coil 4, the lines of magnetic force 10 are radiated to the string 7 through the pole piece 18. Thus, the string 7 swings in synchronization with the string signal.
By repeating the above, the string vibration increases and is maintained. At this time, the magnetic field lines 10 are radiated toward the strings 7,
Reaches the electromagnetic pickup 8, and magnetic line noise is generated in the electromagnetic pickup 8. Since the unnecessary signal is also amplified by the amplifier 3 together with the string signal, the string 7 radiates the magnetic field line noise up to the magnetic line noise unrelated to the string vibration. However, in this figure, since there is a magnetic line chord attenuator 6 having a thickness of 2 mm and a size of 10 * 60 mm made of aluminum, the magnetic line noise is attenuated, and the magnetic line 10 is attenuated and enters the electromagnetic pickup 8. The magnetic field noise signal is not generated so much, the signal of the string vibration is sufficiently large, and oscillation such as magnetic feedback does not occur. The thickness and size of the magnetic force line string attenuator 6 may be changed as appropriate in accordance with the string vibration sustaining device, and are not limited to this example. In addition, as for the material, copper is effective other than aluminum, and is not limited to aluminum. Any weak magnetic material that exhibits strong diamagnetism can be used. In order to prevent magnetic feedback, the magnetic line attenuator 6 is arranged and fixed directly below the magnet 5. The magnetic force line chord attenuator 6 is disposed at right angles to the magnetic force lines 10 or in an inclination angle range of 30 degrees to 150 degrees.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 2 is different from FIG. 1 in that the magnetic field string attenuator 6 is provided not at the bottom of the electromagnetic driver 9 but at the bottom of the electromagnetic pickup 8. Other than that is the same. Other configurations, functions, functions, and effects of each unit are the same as those in FIG. Fig. 1
It is the same as the description.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 3 employs a system in which magnetic feedback is prevented by a balanced magnetic state. A combination of a single-coil type electromagnetic pickup 8 and a single-coil type electromagnetic driver 9 provides a string vibration sustaining device. Is composed. The basic configuration is the same as that of FIG. 1, except that the electromagnetic driver 9 is replaced with a horizontal electromagnetic driver 11. The magnetic line of force 10 output from the horizontal electromagnetic driver 11 is radiated in the horizontal direction and passes through the magnetic line of chord attenuator 6, and the attenuated magnetic line of force 10 is divided into the upper and lower halves of the coil 1 of the electromagnetic pickup 8 from the upper and lower positions. And invade. The penetrated magnetic field lines 10 are converted into electric signals by the coil 1, but the electromotive voltages having the same phase in the upper and lower parts are generated in the coil 1, and thus are canceled out. Is erased. Thereby, the vibration signal of the string 7 can be taken out stably. Other functions are the same as those in FIG. When the magnetic field string attenuator 6 is used as a balancer, when the magnetic field line attenuator 6 attached to the side of the horizontal electromagnetic driver 11 is moved up and down, the magnetic field lines 10 radiated from the electromagnetic driver 9 become stronger in the horizontal direction. Changes. When the magnetic line attenuator 6 is moved upward, the upper magnetic line 10 becomes weaker, and the lower magnetic line (18) becomes stronger. Conversely, when the magnetic line attenuator 6 is moved downward, the magnetic line 10 becomes stronger and the lower magnetic line (18)
Becomes weaker. Thus, unnecessary magnetic lines of force 10 generated in the electromagnetic pickup 8 can be adjusted. The magnetic lines of force 10 and 18 are the same, but are distinguished for convenience in order to make the description easier to understand. As a result, a balanced magnetic state is created in the electromagnetic pickup 8, and magnetic feedback is prevented.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, a method of preventing magnetic feedback by a balanced magnetic state is the same as that of FIG. Single coil type electromagnetic pickup 8 and single coil type electromagnetic driver 9
A string vibration sustaining device is configured in combination with the above. The basic configuration is the same as that of FIG. 3, except that the magnetic field string attenuator 6 is arranged near the electromagnetic pickup 8 instead of the electromagnetic driver 9. The magnetic line attenuator 6 may be formed by winding a tape-shaped aluminum around the coil 1 of the electromagnetic pickup 8. Since the configuration and operation of each unit other than the above are the same as those in FIG. 3, the description is omitted.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the electromagnetic pickup 8 is of a single coil type, and the electromagnetic driver 9 is of a humbucker coil type.
In this case, the coil 12 and the coil 13 have the magnetic force string attenuator 6.
Are equally mounted, so there is no imbalanced magnetic state. Humbucker coil type electromagnetic driver 9
Are coils 12, 1 on pole pieces 20, 21 made of iron.
The pole pieces 12 and 13 are joined to the magnet 5. And pole pieces 20, 21
To fix the magnet 5, the coils 12, 13 and the magnet 5,
It is fixed to the base plate 14. Magnetic line string attenuator 6
Are also fixed to the base plate 14. The base plate 14 is made of brass because it requires strength, so that even if the magnetic field lines pass through the base plate 14, the magnetic force lines pass through with little loss. Since the magnetic flux lines are made of aluminum or copper when the magnetic flux lines pass through the magnetic flux line attenuator 6, an eddy current is generated by the magnetic flux lines 10 passing therethrough, and the magnetic flux lines are generated in a direction opposite to the magnetic flux lines 10 passing therethrough. As a result, the magnetic field lines 10 are attenuated.
The magnetic line string attenuator 6 is made of aluminum and has a thickness of 2 mm and a size of 30 * 55.
mm. Copper can be used in addition to aluminum, and the present invention is not limited to this as long as it is a weak magnetic material that shows strong diamagnetism. As a result of various experiments, aluminum showed the highest diamagnetism and attenuated the lines of magnetic force, but copper also showed about half the attenuation of aluminum. However, no attenuation could be confirmed with the brass or tin used for the base plate. Although the mechanism of damping the lines of magnetic force is caused by eddy currents, experiments have shown that not all conductors generate the same eddy current.

In this figure, the magnetic force string attenuator 6 is provided in the coil 12 and the coil 13 by an equal amount, and the attenuation is the same. Therefore, since an unbalanced magnetic state is not used, the magnetic force string attenuator 6 is used. Thicker, magnetic feedback can be proportionally prevented.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the electromagnetic pickup 9 in which the electromagnetic pickup 8 is a single coil type is constituted by a humbucker coil type. In this case, since the magnetic field string attenuator 6 is attached only to the coil 12, the magnetic state is unbalanced. In this case, since the method for preventing magnetic feedback causes the electromagnetic driver 9 to be in an unbalanced magnetic state, the line of magnetic force generated in the electromagnetic pickup 8 is closer to the inside of the electromagnetic driver 9 and farther to the outside. Then, the strengths of the coils 12 and 13 are the same when viewed from the electromagnetic pickup 8. Since the magnetic line attenuator 6 is provided only at the bottom of the coil 12, the magnetic lines 10 output from the coil 12
Has been attenuated. The coil 13 is located near the magnetic line attenuator 6
The magnetic force line 10 is output from the coil 13 with the output as it is. Also, the attenuation of the magnetic field lines by the magnetic field string attenuator 6 does not necessarily change the magnetic characteristics of the coil itself, so that even if the oscillation frequency of the magnetic feedback changes, the imbalance ratio remains the same, and the vibration occurs. A string vibration sustaining device can be realized. Further, by increasing or decreasing the thickness, size, or shape of the aluminum of the magnetic field string attenuator 6, the attenuation of the magnetic field lines can be easily increased or decreased, and the unbalanced state can be adjusted after the musical instrument is completed.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the electromagnetic pickup 8 and the electromagnetic driver 20 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 are arranged in reverse. The configuration, function, and function of each part other than the above are the same as those in FIG. 1 and FIG.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 8, the electromagnetic pickup 8 and the electromagnetic driver 20 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 6 are arranged in reverse. Other configurations, operations, and functions of each unit are the same as those in FIGS.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 9, the electromagnetic driver 11 is a stacked humbucker coil type coil having a structure in which two coils 25 and 26 are stacked. This is a type of horizontal electromagnetic driver, which differs in structure, and emits the magnetic field lines 10 in the horizontal direction. The magnet 5 is arranged at the center of the pole pieces 24 and 27, and the direction of the magnetic pole of the magnet 5 is
, And the pole pieces 24 and 27 are S poles. When the winding directions of the coils 25 and 26 are reversed, the magnetic poles of the magnet 5 can be reversed. This kind of electromagnetic driver is a similar electromagnetic driver that emits the same lines of magnetic force as a horizontal electromagnetic driver in which a coil is wound horizontally. Since the coil 25 and the coil 26 are wound around the pole pieces 24 and 27, the appearance is of a single coil type in appearance, which works as a humbucker coil type electromagnetic driver. In FIG. 9, since the magnetic line noise enters the electromagnetic pickup 8 in a balanced manner in the vertical direction from the horizontal direction, unnecessary magnetic line noise is hardly generated in the electromagnetic pickup 8. Other configurations, functions, functions, and effects of each unit are the same as those in FIG.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 10 is a string vibration sustaining device when the electromagnetic pickup 8 and the electromagnetic driver 9 are both used with a humbucker coil type. 1 and FIGS. 5, 6, etc.
The description is omitted because it is the same as 7 and 8.

FIG. 11 shows a conventional example. There is no magnetic stringer.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 12, a magnetic line attenuator and a base plate are combined and used as viewed from the bottom. The base plate requires strength and is made of brass. A thickness of about 0.5 mm is generally possible. The base plate and magnetic line attenuator 14 is made of aluminum and has a thickness of 1.0 mm. The stop hole 19 has four 2.7 mm diameter holes so that the bobbin 31 of the coil can be screwed. The pole piece 17 has three square holes 35 formed in the aluminum of the magnetic field string attenuator to be exposed. This is because the two coils are placed in an unbalanced magnetic state, and the performance of preventing the magnetic feedback is improved. The coil 32 having the square hole 35 becomes the coil 13 in FIG. 6 in the electromagnetic driver. In the case of an electromagnetic pickup, the coil 15 shown in FIG. 8 is used. The one without a magnetic field string attenuator. Thus, FIGS. 6 and 8 can be manufactured at low cost and with a small number of components.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 13, it is a perspective view when the magnetic field string attenuator is used as a balancer. Aluminum piece 34 is 1mm thick 5 * 10mm
The back surface has an adhesive layer, for example, a strong double-sided tape or glue. Also, two stop holes 36 having a diameter of 2.7 mm are opened for screwing. Also not aluminum pieces,
An adhesive layer may be provided on the back surface of the tape-like aluminum having a thickness of about 0.03 mm.

[0051]

As described above, the string vibration sustaining device for a guitar and a bass configured as described above has the following effects.

Since the magnetic line attenuator is attached to the string vibration sustaining device, generation of magnetic feedback can be prevented, and a vibrated string vibration sustaining device can be obtained.

The adjustment of the string vibration sustaining device can be easily performed in the final step of manufacturing by replacing the magnetic pickup and electromagnetic driver with the magnetic field string attenuator, and the vibrating string vibration sustaining device can be finished.

In a string vibration sustaining device utilizing an unbalanced magnetic state, the use of a magnetic field string attenuator for preventing magnetic feedback eliminates the need to use the number of coil turns or a shunt plate, thereby providing a string vibration sustaining device. . Furthermore, if the magnetic field string attenuator is used, the two coils may be the same, so that even if the oscillation frequency of the magnetic feedback moves, the magnetic imbalance of the two coils is not affected, and a stable string vibration sustaining device is provided. can get. Further, since the two coils are the same, the manufacturing process is not complicated.

In a string vibration sustaining device utilizing a balanced magnetic state, the use of a magnetic field string attenuator to prevent magnetic feedback can further reduce the lines of magnetic force, thereby providing a more stable string vibration sustaining device. . Furthermore, by using a magnetic field string attenuator as a balancer,
A more balanced magnetic state can be adjusted, and a more stable string vibration sustaining device can be realized.

Since the magnetic field string attenuator can be attached simply by attaching it to an electromagnetic pickup or an electromagnetic driver, the work can be performed quickly and reliably. Also, since it can be easily replaced,
Easy to adjust.

[0057]

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 schematically shows a basic principle configuration of a first embodiment of a string vibration sustaining device.

FIG. 2 schematically shows the basic principle configuration of a second embodiment of the string vibration sustaining device.

FIG. 3 schematically shows a basic principle configuration of a third embodiment of a string vibration sustaining device.

FIG. 4 schematically shows the basic principle configuration of a fourth embodiment of a string vibration sustaining device.

FIG. 5 schematically shows a basic principle configuration in a fifth embodiment of a string vibration sustaining device.

FIG. 6 schematically shows a basic principle configuration in a sixth embodiment of a string vibration sustaining device.

FIG. 7 schematically shows a basic principle configuration of a seventh embodiment of a string vibration sustaining device.

FIG. 8 schematically shows a basic principle configuration of an eighth embodiment of a string vibration sustaining device.

FIG. 9 schematically shows a basic principle configuration of a ninth embodiment of a string vibration sustaining device.

FIG. 10 schematically shows a basic principle configuration of a tenth embodiment of a string vibration sustaining device.

FIG. 11 schematically shows a basic principle configuration of a conventional string vibration sustaining device.

FIG. 12 is a plan view of the magnetic vibrator of the string vibration sustaining device integrated with the base plate as viewed from the bottom.

FIG. 13 is a perspective view of a balancer of a magnetic field string attenuator having an adhesive layer and a mounting hole.

[Description of Signs] 1 Coil 2 Magnet 3 Amplifier 4 Coil 5 Magnet 6 Magnetic field string attenuator 7 String 8 Electromagnetic pickup 9 Electromagnetic driver 10 Magnetic field line (flux) 11 Horizontal electromagnetic driver 12 Coil 13 Coil 14 Base plate 15 Coil 16 Coil 17 Pole piece DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 18 Magnetic flux (flux) 19 Stop hole 20 Electromagnetic driver 24 Pole piece 25 Coil 26 Coil 27 Pole piece 30 Coil 31 Bobbin 32 Coil (bobbin) 33 Screw hole for mounting 34 Aluminum 35 Square hole 36 Adhesive layer

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. An electric signal of a string vibration detected by an electromagnetic pickup (8) is amplified by an amplifier (3), and a magnetic field line (10) radiated from an electromagnetic driver (9) according to the amplified electric signal. In a guitar and bass string vibration sustaining device configured to excite a string (7), the strength of a magnetic field line (10) accompanied by a change in magnetic flux density radiated from the electromagnetic driver (9) is changed to aluminum, copper, or the like. A magnetic string attenuator (6) made of a weak magnetic material member having a strong diamagnetic effect is provided with an electromagnetic driver (9) or an electromagnetic pickup (8) orthogonal to the magnetic field lines (10) or at an inclination angle of 30 to 150 degrees. ), At least one of which is provided in the vicinity of the string vibration sustaining device for guitar and bass. 2. The electromagnetic driver (9) is of a single coil type or a humbucker coil type, and a position where a magnetic field string attenuator (6) is provided on the electromagnetic driver (9) is at least the position of the electromagnetic driver (9). The string (7) is
The guitar and bass according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one or more magnetic field string attenuators (6) are provided at or near the bottom face that does not face or at the side face or near the electromagnetic pickup (8). String vibration sustaining device. 3. The electromagnetic pickup (8) is a single coil type or a humbucker coil type, and the electromagnetic pickup (8) has a magnetic field string attenuator (6).
Is located at least at or near the bottom portion of the electromagnetic driver (9) that is not opposed to or at the side portion or near the electromagnetic pickup (8). 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein at least one or more strings are provided. 4. The electromagnetic driver (9) is a single-coil type or humbucker coil-type horizontal electromagnetic driver (11) that radiates a magnetic field line (10) in the horizontal direction. At least one or more magnetic field string attenuators (6) are provided on the side and / or in the vicinity of the horizontal electromagnetic driver (11) facing the electromagnetic pickup (8). The string vibration sustaining device for a guitar and a bass according to claim 1, wherein 5. The electromagnetic driver (11) is a single-coil type or humbucker coil-type horizontal electromagnetic driver (11) that radiates lines of magnetic force in a horizontal direction,
The position where the magnetic field string attenuator (6) is disposed on the electromagnetic pickup (8) is located on the side of or near the electromagnetic pickup (8) or the coil (1) facing the electromagnetic driver (11). The string vibrating sustaining device for a guitar and a bass according to claim 1, wherein at least one or more of (6) is provided. 6. The electromagnetic driver (20) is of a humbucker coil type, and a magnetic field string attenuator (6) is provided only near one coil (12) of the electromagnetic driver (20).
2. The device according to claim 1, wherein at least one or more is provided.
A string vibration sustaining device for the described guitar and bass. 7. The electromagnetic pickup (8) is a humbucker coil type, and the electromagnetic pickup (8)
2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein at least one magnetic field string attenuator (6) is provided near one of the coils (16). 8. A magnetic plate and a base plate (14).
11. A base plate-shaped magnetic line attenuator made of a weak magnetic material having a strong diamagnetic effect, such as aluminum or copper, and having a plate thickness of 0.5 mm or more. String vibrating sustaining device for guitar and bass as described above. . 9. A humbucker coil type electromagnetic pickup and / or electromagnetic driver wherein at least one of the coils is provided with a magnetic field string attenuator as an adjustment balancer so that the two coils have substantially the same magnetic field line radiation characteristics. 9. A string vibration sustaining device for a guitar and a bass according to claim 1, wherein: 10. The apparatus for sustaining string vibration for a guitar and bass according to claim 1, wherein a magnetic line string attenuator having an adhesive layer or a mounting hole is provided as a balancer.