JPH10373A - Crushing rotary blade - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To treat industrial waste on a single occasion irrespective of its size. SOLUTION: The outer peripheral part of a rotary blade in the shape of a disc is formed of a sintered hard tool material, and on the outer surface thereof, parallel grooves 4a, 4b having different directions are arranged intersecting so as to form crosses in diamonds in external view. At this time, when viewed in the direction of arrows from on the extension of the parallel grooves 4a, 4b, a rake angle γ and the like of a cut blade part are formed so as to be -20-+20 deg. to subdivide a material to be crushed by cutting.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a rotary blade for crushing incorporated in a crusher for industrial waste and the like.

[0002]

[Prior Art] Wood, plastic, old tires, empty cans,
Industrial wastes such as glass, home electric appliances, and waste paper, whether recycled or finally disposed of, are crushed into small pieces by a crusher and processed. Various types of crushing blades used in this crushing machine have been conventionally used. For example, the crushing blade shown in FIG. Make up the axis,
The rotary blade 1 and the spacer are alternately meshed with each other, and are arranged in parallel with another rotary shaft having the same configuration. 1
The rotary blade 1 of the table has four crushing blades. When two parallel rotating shafts rotate, they are crushed by the beating by the crushing blade and the shearing force when the side edges of the crushing blade pass each other. Objects are broken into small pieces. Conventionally, a cemented carbide or the like may be used for the crushing blade.

FIG. 12 shows another prior art example, in which a crushing blade arranged on the outer surface of a rotary blade 1 forming a cylindrical body so as to protrude so that the rotation trajectory has a saw-tooth shape, and a meshing shape with the crushing blade. The fixed blade 14 has a cutting edge formed thereon. When the rotary blade 1 rotates, it is crushed by the shearing force generated in the gap between the crushing blade and the fixed blade 14. Crushing blades with a high density of saw teeth and similar in appearance to a file are also in practical use, but the basic idea is, as in the above two examples,
This is based on a shearing force or a hitting force due to beating.

[0004]

The size of various types of unspecified industrial waste is varied. Using a crushing blade as described above, primary, secondary, and tertiary multi-step processes are used to crush this into appropriate sizes and subdivide it into sizes that are easy to recycle. I have. Therefore, it is necessary to use a crusher having a configuration in which crushing blades having a density corresponding to the size of the material to be crushed flow from a crushing blade having a coarse density to a crushing blade having a high density in order, resulting in a large-scale machine.

An object of the present invention is to provide a rotary blade for crushing which can be crushed by a small number of crushing blades without going through a multi-stage crushing step as in the prior art.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and is directed to a crushing machine used for a crushing machine which is mounted around an axis of the crushing machine and crushes an object to be crushed. In the rotary blade, the rotary blade has a disk shape, at least an outer peripheral portion of the rotary blade is made of a super-hard tool material, and two parallel grooves having different directions are formed on the outer surface so as to have a diamond shape in appearance. The cutting edges are arranged crosswise to form a cutting edge forward in the rotation direction, and the rake angles of the cutting edge portions are respectively -20 to +20 when viewed from above the extension of the parallel groove.
It is formed as shown in ゜.

[0007] The two parallel grooves forming the diamond shape are arranged at different lead angles. And / or the two parallel grooves forming the diamond are arranged at pitches different in size from each other.

The rotary blade may be configured such that a ring made of a super-hard tool material and a steel shank fitted to the ring are joined and integrated. Further, the rotary blade has a steel shank on which a curved plate made of a super-hard tool material having a curvature capable of closely adhering to the outer periphery of the shank is placed in parallel, and a side surface on an adjacent side of the curved plate. In this case, the inclined surface or the step portion may be formed, and the inclined surface or the step portion of the curved plate may be fixed by pressing the inclined surface or the step portion by a pressing member which is configured to apply a pressing force by screwing. .

[0009]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The rotary blade for crushing according to the present invention does not utilize a crushing action as in the prior art, but is essentially a cutting tool, and the crushed material to be crushed is so-called chips. At least the cutting edge portion is formed of a super-hard tool material such as cemented carbide, cermet, and ceramics that is commonly used for cutting tools in order to smoothly perform cutting, thereby enhancing wear resistance. By forming the cutting edge in a diamond shape, the chips are further finely divided. The rake angle of the rotary blade is also set at -20 to + 20 °, which is the angle range commonly used for cutting, unlike the conventional crushing blade that was hit by a beating, which was a large negative angle, and emphasis on sharpness It has become. And since it is due to the cutting action, it begins to cut gradually from the outer end of the object to be crushed.
As a result, it can be used regardless of the size of the material to be crushed.

The two parallel grooves intersecting are set so that the lead angle and / or the pitch of the grooves are different. The vertices of the diamonds are slightly shifted in the axial direction of the rotary blade. With such a configuration, when the crushing blade is rotated once, the trajectories drawn by the vertices are evenly dispersed, and the crushed surface is processed into a more planar state. Since the load on the rotary blade is also equalized, the tool life is extended. In the case where the blade arranged opposite to the rotary blade is a fixed blade, the fixed blade is a straight blade and does not need to be a conventional meshing type.

[0011] Cemented carbide alloys are expensive and have a higher specific gravity and are heavier than steel materials. In particular, as the size of the rotary blade is larger, a super hard tool material is used only for the cutting edge. It is also necessary to have a configuration that performs One of the present inventions realizes such a configuration by integrally joining a steel shank and a ring made of a super-hard tool material or by clamping a curved plate.

[0012]

Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 1, a rotary blade 1 for crushing according to the present invention has a shank 2 made of steel material inserted into a ring 3 made of a super-hard tool material and joined. Joining is performed by cold fitting, press fitting, adhesive, brazing, or the like. At the center, a mounting hole for mounting the main shaft of the crusher is provided, and a keyway for transmitting a driving force is also provided. On the outer surface of the ring 3, there is formed a cutting edge having a diamond-like appearance in appearance, which is patterned by crossing two parallel grooves 4a and 4b having different directions.

2 to 4 are partially enlarged views of the diamond diagram, FIG. 2 is a front view, FIG. 3 is a view as viewed from an arrow A, and FIG. 4 is a view as viewed from an arrow B. The diamond shape is formed by the intersection of parallel grooves 4a and 4b in which V-shaped grooves are arranged in parallel. This embodiment is an example in which the lead angles α and β of the parallel grooves 4a and 4b are different, and the pitches a and b are also different. Regarding the pitch, the pitch b of the parallel groove 4b is larger than the pitch a of the parallel groove 4a. As for the lead angle, the lead angle β of the parallel groove 4b is formed larger than the lead angle α of the parallel groove 4a.

The cutting edge 5 is located below the diamond in FIG.
The vertices P, which are the intersections of the ridges, are slightly shifted upward to the right due to different lead angles α, β and pitches a, b. Therefore, when the rotary blade 1 rotates in the rotation direction (downward in FIG. 2), the trajectories of the vertices P do not overlap. Further, the rake angle γ in the direction of the arrow A and the rake angle δ in the direction of the arrow B are in the range of −20 to + 20 ° commonly used for cutting tools.
Within this range, it is appropriately selected based on the balance between conflicting properties such as sharpness and chipping resistance.

FIGS. 5 and 6 show an embodiment in which the rotary blade 1 is constituted by using a curved plate, and the same portions are denoted by the same reference numerals. On the outer surface of the steel shank 2, six curved plates 6 made of a super-hard tool material, which are curved with a curvature capable of closely adhering to the outer surface, are fixed. Curved plate 6
Is formed with a diamond-shaped cutting edge in the same manner as described above. The two side surfaces 7 of the shank 2 are slightly protruded in the outer peripheral direction so that the curved plate 6 is fitted between the two side surfaces 7 to prevent the curved plate 6 from shifting in the direction of the side surface 7. On the other hand, inclined surfaces 8 are formed on the side surfaces on which the curved plates 6 are adjacent to each other, and a space that opens outward with two adjacent inclined surfaces 8 is created. Then, the holding member 9 is placed in this space.

The holding member 9 is a flat plate having a wedge-shaped cross section. The holding member 9 is provided with a screw hole. The holding member 9 is pulled in the center direction by tightening a bolt 10 inserted from a concave portion formed from the side surface 7 of the curved plate 6. . The curved plate 6 is pressed and fixed by the wedge effect of the holding member 9. Depending on the use condition, such as a high rotation speed of the rotary blade 1, the fixing force is strengthened in combination with a bonding method such as an adhesive.

FIG. 7 shows another embodiment in which the rotary blade 1 is constituted by using a curved plate, and the same portions are denoted by the same reference numerals. In this case, the shapes of the side surfaces on the adjacent sides of the curved plate 6 are different from those described above. That is, a step 11 is formed, and T
We are making a character-shaped space. The holding member 9 is provided in this space.
Is placed. The holding member 9 is a flat plate having a T-shaped cross section, is provided with a screw hole, and is pulled in the center direction by tightening a bolt 10 inserted from a concave portion formed from the side surface 7 of the curved plate 6. The curved plate 6 is pressed and fixed by the holding member 9. Depending on the use condition, such as a high rotation speed of the rotary blade 1, the fixing force is strengthened in combination with a bonding method such as an adhesive.

FIGS. 8 to 10 are explanatory views illustrating the structure of the crusher, in which the side surface of the rotary blade 1 is viewed from the front. Usually, several disk-shaped rotary blades 1 are assembled side by side on the same rotary shaft 12. The arrow in the figure represents the rotation direction of the rotary blade 1. A hopper 13 is provided above the rotary blade 1 and guides the crushed object to be processed to the rotary blade 1.

FIG. 8 shows a crusher between the rotary blade 1 and the fixed blade 14. The gap between the rotary blade 1 and the fixed blade 14 is appropriately adjusted. Further, if a pusher having a function of pressing the object to be crushed against the rotary blade 1 from above or from the side is incorporated, the crushing effect can be further enhanced. FIG.
Are biaxial, and each has a rotary blade 1 incorporated therein. In order to enhance the crushing effect, the rotation speed of the left and right two axes may be changed. In this case, the rotation speed of the right shaft having a winding action to the central portion is set higher than that of the left shaft. FIG. 10 shows an example in which a biaxial rotary blade 1 and two fixed blades 14 are incorporated.
The fixed blades 14 are respectively provided outside the two-axis rotary blades 1. Crushed by the rotary blade 1 rotating toward the fixed blade 14.

[0020]

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to perform a crushing process to a predetermined size at one time without going through a multi-stage processing step as in the prior art. The cutting edge part is made of super hard tool material, so the tool life is prolonged. Further, by adopting a configuration using super hard tool material only in the outer peripheral part where the cutting edge part is formed, product price is suppressed And weight reduction.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a cutting edge portion of the rotary blade shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a view taken in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a view taken in the direction of arrow B in FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a side view showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a front view including a partial cross section of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a side view showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating one configuration of a crusher.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram for explaining another configuration of the crusher.

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram for explaining another configuration of the crusher.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing an example of a conventional rotary blade.

FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing an example of a conventional rotary blade and a fixed blade.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 rotary blade 2 shank 3 ring 4a, 4b parallel groove 5 cutting edge 6 curved plate 9 holding member 14 fixed blade a, b pitch α, β lead angle γ, δ rake angle

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A crushing rotary blade 1 which is mounted around an axis of a crusher and rotates to crush a material to be crushed, wherein the rotary blade 1 has a disk shape, and at least the rotary blade 1 The outer part is made of super hard tool material,
The outer surface has two different directions so that the appearance looks like diamonds.
The two parallel grooves 4a and 4b are arranged so as to cross each other to form a cutting edge 5 in the front in the rotation direction, and the rake angles γ and δ of the cutting edge portion when viewed from above the extension of the parallel grooves 4a and 4b are respectively A rotary blade for crushing, which is formed so as to be at -20 to + 20 °. 2. The two parallel grooves 4 forming a diamond shape.
The crushing rotary blade according to claim 1, wherein the a and 4b are arranged with lead angles α and β having different sizes. 3. The two parallel grooves 4 forming a diamond shape.
3. The rotary blade for crushing according to claim 1, wherein a and b are arranged at pitches a and b having different sizes from each other. 4. A rotary blade 1 includes a ring 3 made of a super-hard tool material and a steel shank 2 fitted to the ring 3.
4. The crushing rotary blade according to claim 1, wherein the rotary blade is configured to be joined and integrated. 5. The rotary blade 1 comprises a steel shank 2 and a curved plate 6 made of an ultra-hard tool material having a curvature capable of closely adhering to the outer periphery of the shank 2 placed in parallel therewith. An inclined surface 8 or a step portion 11 is formed on a side surface on an adjacent side of the plate 6, and a pressing member 9 which applies a pressing force by screwing is used to form the inclined surface 8 or the step of the curved plate 6. 4. The crushing rotary blade according to claim 1, wherein the portion is pressed and fixed.