JPH1038236A - Thermal decomposition residue separation equipment in waste treatment equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Problem] The pyrolysis residue can be efficiently separated into three types of pyrolysis residues having a large particle size, a medium particle size, and a small particle size. An apparatus for separating pyrolysis residues in a waste treatment apparatus is provided. SOLUTION: The waste is thermally decomposed to generate a pyrolysis residue consisting of a dry distillation gas and a mainly non-volatile component, and the pyrolysis residue is separated into a combustible component and a non-combustible component, In a waste treatment apparatus in which the pulverized combustible component and the carbonized gas are supplied to a combustor for combustion treatment, the separation apparatus separates the pyrolysis residue into small particles. 1 separator 11 and the first separator 1
1 that is next to 1 and separates medium particles
And a coarse particle discharge hood 14 connected to the discharge port 13 of the second separator 12.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for separating pyrolysis residues in a waste treatment apparatus, and more particularly, to a method in which wastes are introduced into a pyrolysis reactor to be pyrolyzed, and a pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis residues are removed. The pyrolysis residue is generated and separated into a combustible component and a non-combustible component, and the pyrolysis residue in a waste treatment apparatus configured to supply the dry distillation gas and the combustible component to a combustor for combustion treatment. The present invention relates to an object separation device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As one of industrial waste treatment devices including general waste such as municipal solid waste and combustible materials such as waste plastic, a pyrolysis reactor in which waste is held in a low oxygen atmosphere below atmospheric pressure. And then pyrolyzed to produce pyrolysis residue consisting of dry distillation gas and mainly non-volatile components,
The cooled pyrolysis residue is separated by a separator into combustible components mainly composed of carbon and non-combustible components consisting of rubble, such as metals, pottery, gravel, and concrete pieces, and then crushed by a crusher. The components and the dry distillation gas are supplied to a melting furnace, which is a combustor, to be burned, and the resulting combustion ash is melted to form slag, while the combustion gas generated in the melting furnace heats heated air to decompose the ash. There has been proposed a waste treatment apparatus in which the waste is supplied as a heating source of a reactor (see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 64-49816).

[0003] However, in this waste treatment apparatus, the pyrolysis residue is separated into a large pyrolysis residue and a small pyrolysis residue by a sieve having a mesh of about 5 mm. After removing the flammable components, the flammable components are taken out by wind separation, and the flammable components and a small pyrolysis residue are supplied to a pulverizer and pulverized, and supplied to a melting furnace as, for example, a fine flammable component of about 1 mm. It is supposed to.

[0004]

However, it has been found that in the above-mentioned method for separating pyrolysis residues, the separation of combustible components is not always sufficient. In other words, the present inventors have analyzed the properties of the pyrolysis residue, and as a result, the components of the pyrolysis residue have the ratios shown in the following “Table 1” although there is some change depending on the nature of the refuse. I understood.

[0005] That is, when separated by the separation method as described above, the pyrolysis residue having a large particle size separated by a sieve has a combustibility having a particle size of 5 to 10 mm mixed with many metals and rubbles. It was found that 5 to 10 wt% of the components remained.

On the other hand, 0 to 5 wt% of metals having a relatively small particle diameter of 2 to 5 mm and 0 to 10 wt% of rubbles
Have passed through the above sieve, and unless these are eliminated in any way, this may be a factor in deteriorating the crushing efficiency in the crusher. Focusing on metals, it can be seen that large ones having a particle size of 16 mm or more include 10 to 40 wt%.

[0007] Therefore, using two types of sieves having a mesh size of 2 mm and 16 mm, the pyrolysis residue is divided into those having a particle size smaller than 2 mm, those having a medium particle size of 2 to 16 mm, and those having a particle size of 2 to 16 mm. It is conceivable to separate them into coarse ones each exceeding 16 mm. However, when the pyrolysis residue is separated into three types as described above, a large amount of rubble is contained in the medium-size pyrolysis residue whose mesh is separated by a 2 mm sieve. For many rubbles with a particle size of about,
When the combustible components of small particles that have passed through a sieve having a mesh of 2 mm are mixed and supplied to a pulverizer, the pulverization efficiency of the pulverizer is significantly reduced.

That is, the pyrolysis residue having a small particle size is
The pyrolysis residue, which is mainly composed of combustion components such as carbon and ash, and one of which has a medium particle size, contains a large amount of rubble, and the rubble and the flammable component such as carbon are pulverized. Therefore, if they are mixed and pulverized by the same pulverizer, the pulverization efficiency is remarkably deteriorated. The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and efficiently separates a pyrolysis residue discharged from a pyrolysis reactor into three types of pyrolysis residues of large, medium, and small particle sizes. It is an object of the present invention to provide a pyrolysis residue separation device in a waste treatment device capable of efficiently pulverizing a pyrolysis residue having a small particle size.

[0009]

In order to achieve the above object, a pyrolysis residue separation apparatus in a waste treatment apparatus according to the present invention is provided with a pyrolysis reaction apparatus in which waste is kept under atmospheric pressure. Into a vessel, pyrolyze and generate a pyrolysis residue consisting of a dry distillation gas and mainly a non-volatile component, and supply the pyrolysis residue to a separator to separate it into a combustible component and a non-combustible component; In a waste treatment apparatus in which the combustible component is pulverized and the pulverized combustible component and the carbonization gas are supplied to a combustor for combustion treatment, the separation device is provided with small particles of a pyrolysis residue. Separator, a second separator connected beside the first separator and separating medium-sized particles, and a large particle discharge hood connected to an outlet of the second separator It is composed of

[0010] Further, in the present invention, the pyrolysis residue consisting of small particles separated by the first separator is subjected to the first separation.
To a pulverizer to form fine powder, and a pyrolysis residue composed of the fine powder is supplied to a combustor for combustion treatment. Further, the pyrolysis residue consisting of relatively small particles separated by the second separator is separated into metals by a first metal separation device, and then ground by a second mill, and this ground The pyrolysis residue is burned or melted in a combustor.

Further, the pyrolysis residues consisting of coarse particles mutually discharged from the discharge hood are supplied to a second metal separation device to separate and collect the metallic components. According to the pyrolysis residue separation device in such a waste treatment device, the pyrolysis residue supplied from the pyrolysis reactor to the first separator via the discharge device is the pyrolysis residue of small particles here. Is separated and the pyrolysis residue consisting of small particles is
Combustible components mainly composed of carbon and ash, for example, smaller than 2 mm, are separated. Then, the pyrolysis residue of the small particles is pulverized into fine powder of 1 mm or less by a first pulverizer and supplied to a melting furnace as a combustor.

On the other hand, the remaining pyrolysis residue from which the pyrolysis residue of the small particles is separated is supplied to a second separator disposed beside the first separator, where the particle is separated. Medium size pyrolysis residues are separated. The pyrolysis residue of the medium particles is mainly composed of non-combustible components such as rubbles and metals in the range of 2 to 16 mm, and the pyrolysis residue of the relatively large particles is, for example, After the metals are supplied to a first metal separation device such as a magnetic separator and separated and recovered, the rubbles are crushed to, for example, about 1 mm by a second crusher. And is recovered as slag.

[0013] The pyrolysis residue of medium particles separated by the second separator is 16 m in length.
m or more are non-combustible components mainly composed of metallic components such as empty cans and are discharged from a discharge hood. The pyrolysis residue is supplied to a second metal separation device such as a magnetic separator or a vortex separator, and iron, aluminum, and the like are collected. The remaining large rubble is discharged out of the system and processed separately.

[0014]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a system diagram of a waste treatment apparatus equipped with a pyrolysis residue separation apparatus according to the present invention.
Is a pyrolysis reactor composed of a horizontal rotating drum. Wastes a are introduced into the pyrolysis reactor 1 by a waste supply device 4 composed of a crane 2 and a screw feeder 3. Then, 300 ° C. to 600 ° C. by heating the air b supplied from the line L _1, it is typically heated to about 450 ° C., carbonization gas G ₁ and the pyrolysis residue c is produced.
The carbonization gas G ₁ and the pyrolysis residue c is separated by the discharge device 5, carbonization gas G ₁ is supplied to the burner 7 of the melting furnace 6 is combustor via line L _2.

On the other hand, the pyrolysis residue c is cooled to a temperature at which there is no risk of ignition by the cooling device 8, for example, about 80 ° C., and then supplied to the separating device 9, where the particles having a small particle size are obtained. d, medium-sized particles e and large-sized particles f. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, the separation device 9 includes a first separator 11 having an inlet 10 for the pyrolysis residue c from the cooling device 8, and a first separator 1
The second separator 12 includes a second separator 12 arranged in parallel with the first separator 12, and a discharge hood 14 connected to an outlet 13 of the second separator 12.

The first separator 11 includes, for example, 2
The second separator 12 is, for example, a sieve device having a mesh of about 16 mm, and these sieve devices rotate or vibrate to remove the pyrolysis residue c. They are separated in stages. The pyrolysis residue d of the small particles separated by the first separator 11 is mainly composed of carbon and ash, and the pyrolysis residue d of the small particles is supplied to the first pulverizer 15. After being crushed by the first screen 16
For example, the combustible component d sized to 1 mm or less
₁ to be separated it from the large consisting combustible component d _2.

Then, the combustible component d ₁ is supplied to the burner 7 via the line L ₃ . On the other hand, a combustible component d larger than the combustible component d ₁ separated by the first separator 11
₂ is supplied to a second crusher 17 described below. The pyrolysis residue c from which the pyrolysis residue d of the small particles is separated in the first separator 11 is supplied to the second separator 12 provided therewith, where, for example, a medium having a size of less than 16 mm The pyrolysis residue e consisting of particles of a degree is separated off.

Since the pyrolysis residue e is mainly composed of rubble and metal pieces, the first metal separation device 18 such as a magnetic separator is used.
After the metallic component g is separated by the above, the metallic component g is pulverized together with the combustible component d ₂ by the second pulverizer 17 into, for example, about 1 mm, and is sized by the second screen 19. The sieved pyrolysis residue e ₁ is supplied to the line L ₃ and mixed with the combustible component d ₁ . If desired, the slag m may be supplied from another line (not shown) to the melting furnace 6 and collected as slag m.

The pyrolysis residue e ₂ separated by the second screen 19 is taken out of the system, but is put between the magnetic separator 20 and the vortex separator 21 as shown by a two-dot broken line. Is also good. The remainder obtained by separating the pyrolysis residue e having a medium particle size by the second separator 12 is, for example, a pyrolysis residue f having a particle size of 16 mm or more. It is composed of components. Therefore, the pyrolysis residue f is supplied to a second metal separation device 22 composed of a magnetic separator 20 and a vortex separator 21, where steel and aluminum are separated and recovered, and the remaining pyrolysis residue f ' Is very small, but is discharged out of the system and processed separately.

The combustible component d ₁ and the pyrolysis residue e ₁ supplied to the burner 7 from the line L ₃ are supplied from the dry distillation gas G ₁ supplied from the line L ₂ and the line L ₄ by the forced blower 23. The combustion ash is burned at a high temperature of about 1,300 ° C. in the melting furnace 6 by the combustion air k, and the ash generated at this time and the ash contained in the combustible component d ₁ are melted slag m
And flows down, and is cooled and solidified in the water tank 24. The cooled and solidified slag is effectively used as a building material such as a pavement material.

The combustion gas G ₂ generated in the melting furnace 6 is sequentially supplied to an air heater 25 a and a waste heat boiler 25 for heat recovery. The cleaning and desulfurization are performed by the device 27. Then, the majority is the exhaust gas G ₃ became relatively cold clean, is discharged from the chimney 28 into the atmosphere. A part of the exhaust gas G ₃ are supplied to the cooling unit 8 from the line L ₆ as the inert gas. Reference numeral 29 denotes an induction blower disposed downstream of the exhaust gas treatment system for preventing the exhaust gas from leaking to the outside by setting the inside of the system including the thermal decomposition reactor 1 and the like under atmospheric pressure. This is a power generation device that generates power using steam s generated in the boiler 25.

[0022]

As described above, according to the pyrolysis residue separation apparatus in the waste treatment apparatus according to the present invention, the separation apparatus is provided with the first separator and the first separator. A second separator and a discharge hood connected to an outlet of the second separator so as to separate the pyrolysis residue into three types of pyrolysis residues having a large particle size, a medium particle size, and a small particle size at once. As a result, the separation device itself can be made compact.

Further, since the combustible component mainly composed of carbon and the non-combustible component mainly composed of rubble are separately pulverized by different pulverizers, the pulverization efficiency of the pulverizer can be remarkably improved. . Furthermore, since the rubble is collected as slag, various effects such as effective use of the slag can be expected.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a system diagram of a waste treatment apparatus including a pyrolysis residue separation apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a thermal decomposition residue separation device.

[Explanation of symbols]

Reference Signs List a Waste c Pyrolysis residue d ₁ Combustible component G ₁ Dry distillation gas 1 Pyrolysis reactor 7 Combustor 9 Separator 11 First separator 12 Second separator 14 Large particle discharge hood

Claims (4)

[Claims] The waste is introduced into a pyrolysis reactor in which the inside is kept under atmospheric pressure and pyrolyzed to generate a pyrolysis residue mainly composed of a dry distillation gas and a non-volatile component. The decomposition residue is supplied to a separator to separate the combustible component and the non-combustible component, the combustible component is pulverized, and the pulverized combustible component and the carbonization gas are supplied to a combustor for combustion treatment. In the waste treatment apparatus as described above, the separation apparatus is provided with a first separator for separating particles having a small amount of pyrolysis residue, and a medium-sized particle connected to the side of the first separator. A pyrolysis residue separation device in a waste treatment device, comprising a second separator to be separated and a large particle discharge hood connected to an outlet of the second separator. 2. A pyrolysis residue comprising small particles separated by a first separator is supplied to a first pulverizer to form fine powder, and the pyrolysis residue comprising the fine powder is supplied to a combustor. The thermal decomposition residue separation device in the waste treatment device according to claim 1. 3. A pyrolysis residue consisting of medium particles separated by a second separator is separated into metallic components by a first metal separator, and then pulverized by a second pulverizer. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the pyrolysis residue is supplied to a combustor. 4. The thermal decomposition residue separation device according to claim 1, wherein the thermal decomposition residue composed of large particles discharged from the discharge hood is supplied to a second metal separation device to separate and recover the metallic component. .