JPH1038565A - Tilt angle detection sensor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an electrode for detecting a change in capacitance due to a small number of parts, thereby making it possible to unitize an electrode to improve the assemblability, and also to enhance the detection accuracy. Provide a sensor. SOLUTION: An electrode unit 2 is held in a container 1, and the electrode unit 2 is provided with an outer cylindrical electrode 6 in a container shape in which a dielectric liquid 3 is sealed therein, and an inner cylindrical electrode 7 in the outer cylindrical electrode 6. The inclination of the container 1 is detected by changing the capacitance according to the amount of the dielectric liquid 3 flowing between the two cylindrical electrodes 7 and 6.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to, for example, a capacitance type inclination angle detection which is mounted on a construction machine, an agricultural machine, or the like, detects the inclination of the construction machine, an agricultural machine, etc., and is used for a fall alarm. It concerns a sensor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Vehicles such as tractors and bull tows always run on uneven ground, and therefore have a higher risk of falling over than ordinary passenger vehicles. Therefore, when the inclination angle of the vehicle reaches the danger angle, the driver is notified by an alarm or the like, thereby preventing the vehicle from falling.

As a capacitance type inclination sensor for preventing such a fall, there is a technique disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 4-41288. The disclosed technology includes a container 71 as a holding member in which a dielectric liquid 70 is sealed as shown in FIG.
The container 71 includes a substrate 72 provided at an open end of the container 71, and a pair of cylindrical electrodes 73 and 74 attached to the substrate 72 and arranged inside the container 71.

[0004]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional example, the dielectric liquid 70 is provided in the container 71 as the holding member.
And a pair of cylindrical electrodes 73 and 74 are housed in the container 71, and together with the dielectric liquid 70, the cylindrical electrodes 73 and 74 for detecting a change in capacitance can be unitized. However, there is a problem that the dielectric liquid 70 cannot be assembled, and the dielectric liquid 70 enters between the pair of cylindrical electrodes 73 and 74 because the dielectric liquid 70 directly enters between the cylindrical electrodes 73 and 74. In addition, the gap between the cylindrical electrodes 73 and 74 must be reduced, and there is a problem that accuracy is not obtained due to the surface tension of the dielectric liquid 70.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems. An object of the present invention is to provide a unit electrode having a small number of components and capable of detecting a change in capacitance. An object of the present invention is to provide a sensor for detecting an inclination angle in all circumferential directions, which can improve not only the assemblability but also the detection accuracy.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, according to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an inclination angle detection sensor in which a holding member holds an electrode unit, and the electrode unit contains a dielectric liquid therein. A cylindrical electrode in a container shape for enclosing
Another cylindrical electrode is arranged concentrically within this cylindrical electrode, and the capacitance is changed by the amount of the dielectric liquid flowing between the two cylindrical electrodes, thereby detecting the inclination of the holding member. It is characterized by doing so.

With this configuration, the number of components is small, and the electrode for detecting a change in capacitance can be unitized, so that not only the assemblability can be improved but also the detection accuracy can be improved.

In order to achieve the above object, according to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a tilt angle detection sensor in which a holding member holds an electrode unit, and the electrode unit is hemispherically filled with a dielectric liquid. The liquid enclosing container is formed of a conductor to form one electrode, and another ring-shaped electrode is arranged concentrically inside the liquid enclosing container, and the static electricity is controlled by the amount of the dielectric liquid flowing between the two electrodes. As the capacitance changes,
The inclination of the holding member is detected.

With this configuration, the number of components is small, and the electrode for detecting a change in capacitance can be made into a unit, so that not only the assemblability can be improved but also the detection accuracy can be improved.

In order to achieve the above object, a tilt angle detection sensor according to a third aspect of the present invention has a holding member for holding an electrode unit, and the electrode unit is formed of an inner and outer cylinder and has an inner portion. A liquid-filled container having a ring-shaped space provided therein, a conductive liquid sealed in the liquid-filled container, an outer cylindrical electrode disposed on the outer periphery of the outer cylinder of the liquid-filled container, and an inner cylinder. And an inner cylindrical electrode arranged on the circumference, wherein the capacitance changes depending on the amount of the conductive liquid flowing in and out between the two electrodes, so that the inclination of the holding member is detected. I do.

With such a configuration, the conductive liquid enters from the capacitor formed by connecting the outer cylinder, the air in the space, and the dielectric having different dielectric constants in series between the cylindrical electrodes. Capacitor part consisting of series connection of only outer cylinder and inner cylinder (capacitance C
Between 1) and the cylindrical electrode, the capacitance is increased by the parallel connection of a capacitor portion (capacitance C2) composed of a series connection of the outer cylinder, the air in the space, and the inner cylinder, thereby increasing the inclination angle. As the ratio of the capacitor portion (capacitance C1) having a large capacitance increases as
The inclination angle of the holding member that holds the electrode unit can be detected.

One capacitance is the outer electrode and the outer peripheral wall of the liquid enclosure and the conductive liquid, and the other capacitance is the series between the conductive liquid and the inner peripheral wall of the liquid enclosure and the inner electrode. In order to form the capacitance, the capacitance is determined by the thickness of the outer peripheral wall in the liquid container and the area in which the conductive liquid fills the electrodes, and thus does not depend on the distance between the electrodes. Therefore, the distance between the electrodes can be widened, so that problems due to surface tension and the like are eliminated. (In the conventional example, when a dielectric liquid is sealed between a pair of cylindrical electrodes, the dielectric liquid enters directly between the electrodes, so that the gap between the electrodes is reduced. Must be packed, and accuracy cannot be obtained due to the surface tension of the dielectric liquid.)

As described above, since the number of components is small and the electrode for detecting a change in capacitance can be made into a unit, not only the assemblability can be improved, but also the detection accuracy can be improved.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an inclination angle detection sensor according to a fourth aspect of the present invention, wherein a holding member holds an electrode unit, and the electrode unit is formed of inner and outer cylinders. A liquid-filled container provided with a ring-shaped space in the liquid-filled container, a conductive liquid sealed in the space of the liquid-filled container, and an outer cylinder disposed on the inner periphery of the outer cylinder in the space of the liquid-filled container. An electrode, an inner cylindrical electrode disposed on the outer periphery of the inner cylinder in the space of the liquid enclosure, and an insulating film covering the inner and outer cylindrical electrodes. The inclination of the holding member is detected by changing the capacitance according to the amount of the conductive liquid flowing into and out of the holding member.

[0015] With this configuration, the conductive liquid is removed from the capacitor composed of a series connection of one insulating film, the air in the space, and the other insulating film having different dielectric constants between the cylindrical electrodes. When one of the insulating films and the other insulating film is connected in series, a capacitor portion (capacitance C1) composed of only one insulating film and the other insulating film and the cylindrical electrode are connected to each other by one insulating film, air in the space, and other insulating properties. Capacitance is increased by parallel connection of the capacitor portion (capacitance C2) composed of a series connection of films, and the ratio of the capacitor portion (capacitance C1) having a large capacitance increases as the inclination angle increases. Accordingly, the inclination angle of the holding member that holds the electrode unit can be detected.

As described above, the electrodes for detecting the change in the capacitance can be made into a unit, so that not only the assemblability can be improved but also the change in the capacitance can be increased and the detection accuracy can be improved. .

In order to achieve the above object, a tilt angle detection sensor according to a fifth aspect of the present invention is the tilt angle detection sensor according to the third aspect, wherein the tilt angle detection sensor is formed from the inner and outer cylinders of the liquid enclosure. Another electrode was arranged in a ring-shaped space to be formed.

With this configuration, not only can the function of the third aspect of the invention be achieved, but also the capacitance generated by the two electrodes can be taken out in parallel, so that the change in sensitivity can be increased.

In order to achieve the above object, a tilt angle detection sensor according to a sixth aspect of the present invention has an electrode unit held by a holding member, and moves the electrode unit from the inner and outer wall portions in a hemispherical shell shape. A liquid enclosing container formed and provided with a hemispherical shell-shaped space therein, a conductive liquid sealed in the liquid enclosing container, and a conductive liquid capable of moving in the conductive liquid in the liquid enclosing container. A ball, an outer cylindrical electrode arranged on the outer periphery of the outer wall portion of the liquid enclosure, and an inner cylindrical electrode arranged on the inner periphery of the inner wall portion,
The liquid enclosing container is inclined, and the ball enters between the inner and outer cylindrical electrodes, thereby changing the capacitance between the cylindrical electrodes, thereby detecting the inclination angle of the holding member. .

According to this configuration, the capacitor formed by connecting the outer wall portion, the conductive liquid for the width of the space, and the dielectric material having different dielectric constants of the inner wall portion in series between the cylindrical electrodes is replaced with the outer wall portion. The capacitance between the cylindrical electrodes greatly changes by forming a capacitor formed by connecting the conductive liquid and the inner wall portion in series for the width of the space narrowed by the portion and the ball, thereby greatly changing the capacitance between the cylindrical electrodes. The inclination angle of the holding member to be held can be detected.

As described above, since the number of components is small and the electrode for detecting a change in capacitance can be made into a unit, not only the assemblability can be improved, but also the detection accuracy can be improved.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a tilt angle detecting sensor according to a seventh aspect of the present invention, comprising: a cylindrical liquid-filled container filled with a conductive liquid; It is characterized by comprising a cylindrical electrode arranged so as not to come into direct contact with the conductive liquid, and another electrode arranged at the center of the cylindrical electrode and in contact with the conductive liquid.

With this configuration, a capacitor is formed by connecting in series a dielectric between the other electrode and the cylindrical electrode, which has a different dielectric constant of air in the peripheral wall and space of the liquid container. In the space, since the conductive liquid enters the inclined side, the conductive liquid exists between the other electrode and the cylindrical electrode. Therefore, when the conductive liquid enters, the capacitor portion (capacitance C1) formed by serial connection of the peripheral wall of the liquid enclosure and the other electrode and the cylindrical electrode are connected in series from the air connection of the peripheral wall and space of the liquid enclosure. The capacitance is increased by connecting the capacitor portion (capacitance C2) in parallel, and the ratio of the capacitor portion (capacitance C1) having a large capacitance increases as the inclination angle increases.

As described above, since the number of components is small and the electrode for detecting a change in capacitance can be made into a unit, not only the assemblability can be improved, but also the detection accuracy can be improved.

In order to achieve the above object, the tilt angle detection sensor according to the invention of claim 8 is provided in claim 1 or claim 2 or claim 3 or claim 4 or claim 5 or claim 6. Or in the inclination angle detection sensor according to claim 7,
An additional portion is provided on the cylindrical electrode, and an arbitrary operating point is set in each direction of the entire circumference.

With this configuration, not only can the same operation as that of the first aspect of the present invention be achieved, but also by providing an additional portion, for example, a hole or a notch in the cylindrical electrode, in each direction of the entire circumference. Any operating point can be set for
The operating point of one of the X-axis and Y-axis tilt outputs of the cylindrical electrode can be changed.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a tilt angle detection sensor according to the first or second aspect of the present invention. Alternatively, in the inclination angle detection sensor according to claim 7 or 8, an angle of several steps is set with respect to the inclination in all directions, and a pulse-like signal output or a continuous output is output according to the dangerous angle. did.

With this configuration, not only can the same operation as that of the first aspect of the invention described above be achieved, but also several steps of angles can be set for the inclination in all directions, and the alarm sound changes according to the danger angle. Can be done.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a tilt angle detecting sensor for holding an electrode unit in a holding member and enclosing the electrode unit with a dielectric liquid. A cylindrical electrode and another cylindrical electrode are arranged concentrically within the cylindrical electrode, and one of these cylindrical electrodes is divided into four parts in the circumferential direction to face the X and Y component electrode parts facing each other. Then, the inclination of the holding member is detected by changing the capacitance according to the amount of the dielectric liquid flowing between the two cylindrical electrodes by using the X and Y component electrodes in a differential system. It is characterized by doing so.

With this configuration, the number of components is small, and the electrode for detecting a change in capacitance can be unitized, so that not only the assemblability can be improved but also the detection accuracy can be improved. In particular, by detecting the capacitance change due to the inclination by using a differential method with the X and Y component electrode portions facing each other,
The temperature characteristics can be improved, and the influence of the liquid level change of the liquid surface due to the dielectric liquid wetting the wall surface of the outer electrode during vibration or tilt can be eliminated, and high precision can be achieved.

[0031]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

(Embodiment 1) FIGS. 1 to 8 show Embodiment 1 of an inclination angle detecting sensor according to the present invention. FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of an inclination angle detection sensor according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the tilt angle detection sensor, and FIG. 3 is a perspective view illustrating the arrangement of cylindrical electrodes of the tilt angle detection sensor.

The capacitance-type tilt angle detection sensor A according to the present invention includes a container 1 as a holding member, an electrode unit 2 housed in the container 1, and a predetermined amount injected into the electrode unit 2. And the dielectric liquid 3.

The container 1 comprises a container body 1A and a lid 1B. The container body 1A has a bottomed, cylindrical peripheral wall portion 1C, and has an opening 1D opened outward at an end. The peripheral wall 1C of the container body 1A
A substrate holding portion 4 formed of a step is formed inside the container body, and a mounting seat portion 5 is provided on the container body 1A. The opening 2 is closed by the lid 1B.

The electrode unit 2 comprises an outer electrode 6 which is a cylindrical electrode, an inner electrode 7 which is a cylindrical electrode, and a disk-shaped substrate 8. That is, the outer electrode 6 corresponds to FIG.
As shown in FIG. 5, the upper end has a cylindrical peripheral wall 6A and an upper end has an opening 6B opened outward.
A pair of terminal portions 9 are formed on the periphery of B. Also,
The inner electrode 7 has a smaller diameter and a shorter length than the outer electrode 6, has openings 7B and 7C opened outward at upper and lower ends, and a cylindrical peripheral wall 7A, and an opening at the upper end. A pair of terminal portions 10 are formed on the periphery of 7B.

The inner and outer electrodes 7 and 6 are connected to the respective terminal portions 10 and 9 by conductive patterns (not shown) on the substrate 8.
To the outer electrode 6
Are arranged concentrically with the inner electrode 7, and an annular space 11 is formed between the inner and outer electrodes 7, 6 in plan view.

The electrode unit 2 is provided with a predetermined amount of the dielectric liquid 3 injected into the outer electrode 6.
That is, the dielectric liquid 3 is injected until the liquid surface 3A of the dielectric liquid 3 reaches the lower edge 7E of the peripheral wall 7A of the inner electrode 7 while the electrode unit 2 is in a horizontal state.
Accordingly, in a state where the container 1 is kept horizontal and the electrode unit 2 provided in the container 1 is kept horizontal, the lower edge 7E of the peripheral wall 7A of the inner electrode 7 is at the liquid level of the dielectric liquid 3. It comes into contact with 3A.

Then, the electrode unit 2 is connected to the substrate holding portion 4 of the peripheral wall 1C of the container body 1A.
The container body 1A is fixed and held in the container 1 and is housed in the container 1.
The opening 1D is closed by the lid 1B to form a capacitance type inclination angle detection sensor A.

The tilt angle detection sensor A thus configured
Are incorporated in the alarm circuit B shown in FIG. That is, the alarm circuit B includes an oscillation circuit 20 connected to the output side of the tilt angle detection sensor A.
The output side of 0 is connected to the input side of a frequency / voltage conversion circuit 21 for converting a frequency change corresponding to a change in capacitance of a capacitor composed of the inner electrode 7 and the outer electrode 6 into a DC voltage change. -The output side of the voltage conversion circuit 21 is connected to the input side of the comparison circuit 23 via the amplification circuit 22. An alarm unit 24 is connected to the output side of the comparison circuit 23.

Then, the inclination angle detection sensor A is, for example,
As shown in FIG. 4, the operation area when attached to the agricultural machine is, as shown in FIG. 4, a caution area A in the range of 17 ° to 20 ° in the front-rear direction (Y-axis direction), ) Is within the range of 15 ° to 17 °. The warning area B has an inclination angle of 20 ° or more in the front-rear direction and 17 ° or more in the left-right direction, and has an elliptical shape.

Next, the operation of the tilt angle detection sensor A configured as described above will be described. The inclination angle detection sensor A is attached to a body of an agricultural machine in a horizontal state, for example. Therefore, the container 1 is kept horizontal, the electrode unit 2 provided in the container 1 is kept horizontal, and the lower edge 7E of the peripheral wall 7A of the inner electrode 7 is
In contact with the liquid level 3A.

When the agricultural machine is tilted clockwise by −θ from the horizontal state as shown in FIG. 5A,
When tilted clockwise by + θ as shown in (2) of FIG. 5, since the absolute value of the tilt angle θ is the same and the inner and outer electrodes 7 and 6 are cylindrical, the agricultural machine (electrode) No matter which direction the unit 2) tilts, the amount of the dielectric liquid 3 entering the space 11 between the inner and outer electrodes 7, 6 will be the same, at which time the capacitance between the inner and outer electrodes 7, 6 The values are the same.

Due to the difference in the dielectric constant between the annular space 11 between the inner and outer electrodes 7 and 6 and the dielectric liquid 3, the larger the absolute value of the inclination angle, the larger the distance between the inner and outer electrodes 7 and 6. The capacitance value increases. This relationship is shown in the tilt angle-capacitance characteristic diagram of FIG.

Therefore, when the agricultural machine is inclined from the horizontal state, the dielectric liquid 3 penetrates into the inclined side of the space 11 and the inner and outer electrodes 7 due to the difference in the dielectric constant between the space 11 and the dielectric liquid 3. , 6 changes, and the frequency change corresponding to the change in capacitance is converted into a DC voltage change by the frequency / voltage conversion circuit 21, and the output voltage is converted via the amplifier circuit 22 into the comparison circuit 23. Is input to

In the comparison circuit 23, the output voltage of the frequency / voltage conversion circuit 21 is compared with a reference voltage. As shown in FIG. 4, the voltage of the reference value is a voltage corresponding to a tilt angle of 17 ° in the front-rear direction and a tilt angle of 15 ° in the left-right direction in the attention area A.
In the warning area b, the inclination angle is 20 ° in the front-rear direction,
In the left-right direction, the voltage is suitable for each of the inclination angles of 17 °.

Therefore, when the output voltage of the frequency / voltage conversion circuit 21 exceeds a voltage corresponding to a tilt angle of 17 ° in the front-rear direction and a tilt angle of 15 ° in the left-right direction, the comparison circuit 23 sends a signal to the alarm unit 24. When a signal is supplied and a warning is issued, and the output voltage of the frequency / voltage conversion circuit 21 exceeds a voltage corresponding to a tilt angle of 20 ° in the front-rear direction and a tilt angle of 17 ° in the left-right direction, a comparison circuit is provided. A signal is supplied from 23 to an alarm unit 24, and an alarm is issued.

The alarm circuit B is not limited to the one shown in FIG. 6, but includes an oscillation circuit 20-1 connected to the output side of the inclination angle detection sensor A as shown in FIG. Frequency discriminating circuit 21 connected to the output side of oscillation circuit 20-1
-1 and a pulse generating circuit 22-1 connected to the output side of the frequency discriminating circuit 21-1 so that the output signal of the frequency discriminating circuit 21-1 has an inclination angle of 17 in the front-rear direction.
°, and in the left-right direction, when the level exceeds the angle corresponding to the inclination angle of 15 °, the pulse generation circuits 22-1 through 0.2.
A pulse signal of 25 s is intermittently generated as a caution signal. When the output signal of the frequency discrimination circuit 21-1 exceeds a level corresponding to a tilt angle of 20 ° in the front-rear direction and 17 ° in the left-right direction, respectively. Is a pulse generation circuit 2
A signal may be continuously generated from 2-1 to be an alarm signal. Then, the caution signal may be converted to an intermittent sound of p, p, p by the sound generator 23-1 as an alarm unit, and the alarm signal may be converted to a continuous sound of p by the sound generator 23-1. Alternatively, a warning signal may be intermittently turned on and a warning signal may be continuously turned on using a lighting means instead of the sound generator 23-1.

According to the first embodiment described above, the electrode unit 2 includes the cylindrical outer electrode 6 having the dielectric liquid 3 sealed therein, and the cylindrical inner electrode inside the outer electrode 6. The inclination of the container 1 holding the electrode unit 2 is detected by changing the capacitance according to the amount of the dielectric liquid 3 flowing between the electrodes 7 and 6 so as to detect the inclination of the container 1. As a result, the number of components is small and the electrode for detecting a change in capacitance can be made into a unit, so that not only the assemblability can be improved but also the detection accuracy can be improved.

(Embodiment 2) FIGS. 9 and 10 show Embodiment 2 of the tilt angle detection sensor according to the present invention.
The tilt angle detection sensor A has a configuration in which the electrode unit 2 is housed in the container 1 with the substrate unit 8 turned upside down, that is, with the substrate 8 down.
In this case, in a state where the electrode unit 2 is kept horizontal,
The inner electrode 7 is immersed in the dielectric liquid 3, and the upper edge 7F of the peripheral wall 7A is located in the vicinity of the liquid surface 3A of the dielectric liquid 3, and is located in the space 11 between the inner and outer electrodes 7, 6. Is dielectric liquid 3
Will be filled. 9 and 10, the container 1
Is omitted.

Therefore, when the agricultural machine is inclined from the horizontal state, the dielectric liquid 3 is discharged from the space 11 on the side opposite to the inclined side as shown in FIG. Of the inner and outer electrodes 7,
6 changes in a direction to decrease the capacitance value. Therefore,
By inputting this change in capacitance to the alarm circuit B in the same manner as in the first embodiment, when the inclination angle exceeds 17 ° in the front-rear direction and 15 ° in the left-right direction, A warning is issued and the tilt angle is 20 in the front-back direction.
When the inclination angle exceeds 17 ° in the right and left directions, an alarm is issued.

(Third Embodiment) FIG. 11 shows a third embodiment of the tilt angle detection sensor according to the present invention. This inclination angle detection sensor A differs from the inclination angle detection sensor A of the first embodiment in the configuration of the electrode unit 2.
Other configurations are the same, and the container 1 is omitted. In the electrode unit 2, a solid cylindrical electrode support member 25 is inserted into an outer electrode 6, which is a cylindrical electrode having a bottomed and cylindrical peripheral wall portion 6A and having a cylindrical electrode opened outward at an upper end portion. The inner electrode 7, which is a cylindrical electrode, is attached to the upper side of the periphery of the electrode support member 25, and an annular space 11 is formed between the inside of the peripheral wall portion 6A of the outer electrode 6, and the electrode support member 30 and the inner electrode 7. The dielectric liquid 3 is injected into the space 11, and the inner and outer electrodes 7 and 6 are connected to the conductive patterns (not shown) of the substrate 8 by connecting the respective terminal portions 10 and 9 to the substrate 8. It is implemented and configured.

Therefore, when the agricultural machine is in a horizontal state, the electrode unit 2 is kept horizontal and the inner electrode 7
Is in contact with the liquid level 3A of the dielectric liquid 3. When the agricultural machine is tilted from the horizontal state, the dielectric liquid 3 is filled in the space 11 between the inner and outer electrodes 7 and 6.
And the capacitance value between the inner and outer electrodes 7 and 6 changes due to the difference in the dielectric constant between the space 11 and the dielectric liquid 3.
Therefore, by inputting this change in capacitance to the alarm circuit B as in the case of the first embodiment,
Inclination angle 17 ° in front-rear direction, inclination angle 1 in left-right direction
When the angle exceeds 5 °, a warning is issued, and when the angle of inclination exceeds 20 ° in the front-rear direction and 17 ° in the left-right direction, an alarm is issued.

(Embodiment 4) FIGS. 12 and 13 show Embodiment 4 of the tilt angle detection sensor according to the present invention. Electrode unit 2 in this inclination angle detection sensor A
Is a liquid enclosing container 26 for enclosing the dielectric liquid 3 in a hemispherical shape.
Is composed of a conductor to form an outer electrode 6, which is one electrode, and an inner electrode 7, which is another electrode, is arranged concentrically inside the liquid enclosing container 26, and is inserted between the two electrodes 7, 8. The capacitance changes depending on the amount of the dielectric liquid 3
The inclination of the container 1 holding the electrode unit 2 is detected.

That is, the liquid enclosing container 26 is constituted by hemispherical shells (shells) 26A and 26B as inner and outer conductors, and has a hemispherical shell-like space 11 formed therein. Dielectric liquid 3 has been injected. The ring-shaped inner electrode 7 is disposed on the inner hemispherical shell 26A, and the outer hemispherical shell 26B of the liquid enclosure 26 is the outer electrode 6. A hemispherical electrode support member 28 is inserted into the inner hemispherical shell 26A, and the inner and outer electrodes 7, 6 connect the respective terminal portions 10, 9 to the conductive pattern (not shown) of the substrate 8. They are connected and mounted on the board 8. In this case, the dielectric liquid 3 contains the electrode unit 2
Is horizontal and the liquid surface 3A of the dielectric liquid 3 is
Is injected to a level reaching the lower edge 7E of the peripheral wall portion.

The electrode unit 2 is housed in the container 1 in the same manner as in the first embodiment to constitute a capacitance type inclination angle detection sensor A.

Therefore, when the agricultural machine is in a horizontal state, the electrode unit 2 is kept horizontal and the inner electrode 7
Is in contact with the liquid level 3A of the dielectric liquid 3. Then, when the agricultural machine is tilted from the horizontal state, the dielectric liquid 3 enters the space 11 between the inner and outer electrodes 7 and 6, and due to the difference in the dielectric constant between the space 11 and the dielectric liquid 3, the inner and outer dielectric liquid 3 enter. The capacitance value between the electrodes 7 and 6 changes. Therefore, by inputting this capacitance change to the alarm circuit B in the same manner as in the first embodiment, the inclination angle is 17 ° in the front-rear direction and the inclination angle is 15 ° in the left-right direction.
If the angle exceeds the angle, a warning is issued, and if the angle exceeds the angle of inclination of 20 ° in the front-rear direction and 17 ° in the lateral direction, a warning is issued.

(Fifth Embodiment) FIGS. 14 to 16 show a fifth embodiment of the tilt angle detection sensor according to the present invention. The fifth embodiment is different from the first to first embodiments described above.
4 is that the liquid to be injected into the space 11 is not a dielectric liquid but a conductive liquid.

Electrode unit 2 in Embodiment 5
Has two cylinders having different radii, that is, inner and outer peripheral walls (inner and outer cylinders) 30 and 31, and has inner and outer peripheral walls 3 and 31, respectively.
A liquid enclosure 32 having a ring-shaped space 11 between 0, 31; a conductive liquid 33 enclosed in the liquid enclosure 32; and a cylinder disposed on the outer periphery of the outer peripheral wall 31 of the liquid enclosure 32. It has an outer electrode 6 that is an electrode and an inner electrode 7 that is a cylindrical electrode disposed on the inner periphery of the inner peripheral wall 30.

The inner and outer electrodes 7 and 6 are connected to the respective terminal portions 10 and 9 by conductive patterns (not shown) on the substrate 8.
And mounted on the board 8 and in the space 1
The conductive liquid 33 sealed in 1 is injected until the level of the conductive liquid 33 reaches the lower edges 7E and 6E of the inner and outer electrodes 7 and 6 while the electrode unit 2 is horizontal. is there.

The electrode unit 2 is housed in the container 1 in the same manner as in the first embodiment.
An electrostatic capacitance type inclination angle detection sensor A is configured.

The tilt angle detection sensor A thus configured
Are incorporated in the alarm circuit B shown in FIG. In this case, the tilt angle detection sensor A is incorporated in parallel to the oscillation circuit 20, and the output side of the oscillation circuit 20 has a frequency change corresponding to a change in capacitance of a capacitor formed by the inner electrode 7 and the outer electrode 6. Is converted to a DC voltage change.
The input side of the voltage conversion circuit 21 is connected, and the output side of the frequency / voltage conversion circuit 21 is connected to the input side of the comparison circuit 23 via the amplification circuit 22. An alarm unit 24 is connected to the output side of the comparison circuit 23.

Next, the operation of the tilt angle detection sensor A configured as described above will be described. The inclination angle detection sensor A is mounted, for example, horizontally on the body of an agricultural machine, and when the agricultural machine is in a horizontal state, the liquid enclosure 32 is mounted.
The conductive liquid 33 in the inside is at a level where the liquid surface 33A reaches the lower edges 7E and 6E of the inner and outer electrodes 7, 6.
Since the conductive liquid 33 does not exist between the outer electrodes 7 and 6, the outer peripheral wall 31 of the liquid enclosure 32 and the inner peripheral wall of the air / liquid enclosure 32 in the space 11 are provided between the inner and outer electrodes 7 and 6. A capacitor composed of 30 series-connected dielectrics having different dielectric constants is formed. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 15A, the electrode gap G, which is the distance between the electrodes, is large, and the capacitance is small.

When the agricultural machine is inclined from the horizontal state, the conductive liquid 33 enters the space 11 on the inclined side and exists between the inner and outer electrodes 7 and 6. become. In this case, when the conductive liquid 33 enters, a capacitor portion C1 consisting of a series connection of only the outer peripheral wall 31 of the liquid enclosure 32 and the inner peripheral wall 30 of the liquid enclosure 32,
The outer peripheral wall 3 of the liquid enclosure 32 is between the inner and outer electrodes 7 and 6.
1. Internal peripheral wall 3 of air / liquid enclosure 32 in space 11
The capacitor portion C2 is a parallel connection of a series connection of dielectrics having different dielectric constants of zero. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 15B, the electrode gap G, which is the distance between the electrodes, is small, and the capacitance is large.

Then, as the inclination angle increases, the ratio of the capacitor portion C1 having a large capacitance increases.

As described above, when the agricultural machine is tilted from the horizontal state, the capacitance value between the inner and outer electrodes 7 and 6 changes, and the frequency change corresponding to the change in the capacitance is converted into the frequency / voltage conversion. The voltage is converted into a DC voltage change by a circuit 21, and the output voltage is input to a comparison circuit 23 via an amplification circuit 22.

In the comparison circuit 23, the output voltage of the frequency / voltage conversion circuit 21 is compared with a reference voltage. As shown in FIG. 4, the voltage of the reference value is a voltage corresponding to a tilt angle of 17 ° in the front-rear direction and a tilt angle of 15 ° in the left-right direction in the attention area A.
In the warning area b, the inclination angle is 20 ° in the front-rear direction,
In the left-right direction, the voltage is suitable for each of the inclination angles of 17 °.

Therefore, when the output voltage of the frequency / voltage conversion circuit 21 exceeds a voltage corresponding to a tilt angle of 17 ° in the front-rear direction and a tilt angle of 15 ° in the left-right direction, the comparison circuit 23 sends a signal to the alarm circuit 24. When a signal is supplied and attention is given, and the output voltage of the frequency / voltage conversion circuit 21 exceeds a voltage corresponding to a tilt angle of 20 ° in the front-back direction and a tilt angle of 17 ° in the left-right direction, the comparison circuit 23 Supplies a signal to the alarm unit 24 to issue an alarm.

According to the fifth embodiment described above, one capacitance is the outer electrode 6 and the outer peripheral wall 31 of the liquid enclosure 32 and the conductive liquid 33, and the other capacitance is the conductive liquid 3.
In order to form a series capacitance between the inner peripheral wall 30 of the liquid enclosure 32 and the inner electrode 7, the capacitance is determined by the thickness of the outer peripheral walls 30, 31 of the liquid enclosure 32, The liquid 33 is determined by the area in which the electrodes are buried, and is not affected by the distance between the electrodes. Therefore, since the distance between the electrodes can be widened, problems due to surface tension and the like are eliminated (in the conventional example,
When a dielectric liquid is sealed between a pair of cylindrical electrodes, the gap between the electrodes must be narrowed because the dielectric liquid directly enters between the electrodes, and precision is not obtained due to the surface tension of the dielectric liquid. ).

(Embodiment 6) FIGS. 17 to 19 show Embodiment 6 of the tilt angle detection sensor according to the present invention. In the sixth embodiment of the tilt angle detection sensor, in addition to the configuration of the electrode unit 2 of the fifth embodiment described above, another sensor is provided in the space 11 at the center of the space 11, In this embodiment, a rod-shaped electrode 34 as an electrode is inserted and taken out as a parallel capacitance, and the other configuration is the same as that of the electrode unit 2 of the fifth embodiment. The same reference numerals as in the electrode unit 2 of Example 5 denote the same parts, and a description thereof will be omitted.

Therefore, when the agricultural machine is in a horizontal state, the conductive liquid 33 in the liquid enclosing container 31 is at a level where the liquid surface 33A reaches the lower edges 7E, 6E of the inner and outer electrodes 7, 6. The conductive liquid 33 does not exist between the outer electrode 6 and the electrode 34 and between the inner electrode 7 and the electrode 34. Therefore, between the outer electrode 6 and the electrode 34, a capacitor C1-1 formed by series connection of dielectric materials having different dielectric constants of air in the outer peripheral wall 31 and the space 11 of the liquid enclosure 32.
The capacitor C2-1 is formed between the inner electrode 7 and the electrode 34 by serially connecting dielectrics having different dielectric constants of air in the inner peripheral wall 30 and the space 11 of the liquid enclosure 32. Therefore, the electrode gap G1, which is the distance between the outer electrode 6 and the electrode 34, and the inner electrode 7 and the electrode 34
The electrode gap G2, which is the distance between the electrodes, is large and the capacitance is small.

When the agricultural machine is tilted from the horizontal state, the conductive liquid 33 penetrates into the space 11 into the space 11, so that the space between the outer electrode 6 and the electrode 34 and the inner electrode 7 and the electrode 34 The conductive liquid 33 exists between them. Accordingly, capacitance is formed between the outer electrode 6 and the outer peripheral wall 31 of the liquid enclosure 32 and the conductive liquid 33, and between the conductive liquid 33 and the inner peripheral wall 30 of the liquid enclosure 32 and the inner electrode 7. In this case, the electrode gap G1, which is the distance between the outer electrode 6 and the electrode 34, becomes the thickness of the outer peripheral wall 31 to increase the capacitance, and the electrode gap G1 is the distance between the inner electrode 7 and the electrode 34. The gap G2 becomes the thickness of the inner peripheral wall 30, and the capacitance increases.

As described above, when the agricultural machine is tilted from the horizontal state, the respective capacitance values between the outer electrode 6 and the electrode 34 and between the inner electrode 7 and the electrode 34 change. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 19, the frequency change corresponding to the capacitance change is converted into a DC voltage change by the frequency / voltage conversion circuit 21, and the output voltage is input to the comparison circuit 23 via the amplification circuit 22.

In the comparison circuit 23, the output voltage of the frequency / voltage conversion circuit 21 is compared with a reference voltage. As shown in FIG. 4, the voltage of the reference value is a voltage corresponding to a tilt angle of 17 ° in the front-rear direction and a tilt angle of 15 ° in the left-right direction in the attention area A.
In the warning area b, the inclination angle is 20 ° in the front-rear direction,
In the left-right direction, the voltage is suitable for each of the inclination angles of 17 °.

Therefore, when the output voltage of the frequency / voltage conversion circuit 21 exceeds a voltage corresponding to a tilt angle of 17 ° in the front-rear direction and a tilt angle of 15 ° in the left-right direction, the comparison circuit 23 sends a signal to the alarm unit 24. When a signal is supplied and a warning is issued, and the output voltage of the frequency / voltage conversion circuit 21 exceeds a voltage corresponding to a tilt angle of 20 ° in the front-rear direction and a tilt angle of 17 ° in the left-right direction, a comparison circuit is provided. A signal is supplied from 23 to an alarm unit 24, and an alarm is issued.

According to the sixth embodiment, since the capacitance generated at the two electrodes, that is, the inner and outer electrodes 7, 6, can be taken out in parallel, the change in sensitivity can be increased.

(Embodiment 7) FIG. 20 shows Embodiment 7 of an inclination angle detection sensor according to the present invention. In Embodiment 7 of this tilt angle detection sensor, the inner and outer cylindrical electrodes are covered with an insulating film.

That is, the outer electrode 6 is connected to the liquid enclosure 32
And the inner electrode 7 is fixed to the outer surface (in the space 11) of the inner peripheral wall 30 of the liquid sealing container 32 in a state where the inner and outer electrodes 7 and 6 face each other.
The portion in contact with the ring-shaped space 11 is the insulating film 4
1, 42. The terminal portions 10 and 9 of the inner and outer electrodes 7 and 6 are connected to a conductive pattern (not shown) of the substrate 8, and a predetermined amount of a conductive liquid 33 is sealed in the space 11. That is, the conductive liquid 3
3 is a state in which the electrode unit 2 is in a horizontal state and the conductive liquid 33
Of the inner and outer electrodes 7, 6 are lower edge portions 7E, 6E.
Has been injected to a level that reaches. The other configuration is the same as that of the inclination angle detection sensor A of the fifth embodiment.

Therefore, when the agricultural machine is in a horizontal state, the conductive liquid 33 in the liquid filling container 32 is at a level where its liquid surface 33A reaches the lower edges 7E and 6E of the inner and outer electrodes 7, 6. , An insulating film 42 covering the outer electrode 6
The conductive liquid 33 does not exist between the inner electrode 7 and the insulating film 41 covering the inner electrode 7. For this purpose, a capacitor is formed between the inner and outer electrodes 7 and 6 by serially connecting one of the insulating films 41, the air in the space 11, and the other insulating film 42 having different dielectric constants. Therefore,
The electrode gap between the outer electrode 6 and the air in the space 11 and the electrode gap between the inner electrode 7 and the air in the space 11 are large and the capacitance is small.

When the agricultural machine is tilted from the horizontal state, since the conductive liquid 33 enters the space 11 into the space 11, the insulating film 42 covering the outer electrode 6 and the insulating film covering the inner electrode 7 are provided. The conductive liquid 33 exists between the conductive film 41 and the conductive film 41. When the conductive liquid 33 enters, one insulating film 41 and the other insulating film 4
Capacitor part (capacitance C1) consisting of two series connections
Between the inner and outer electrodes 7 and 6 is one insulating film 41.
The capacitance (capacitance C2) of the capacitor (capacitance C2) formed of a series connection of the air and the other insulating film 42 in the space 11 changes to a parallel connection (total capacitance C1 + C2), and the capacitance increases as the inclination angle increases. The ratio of the capacitor portion (capacitance C1) increases. Therefore, the electrodes 7, 6
The electrode gap therebetween becomes the thickness of the insulating films 42 and 41, and the capacitance becomes larger.

As described above, when the agricultural machine is tilted from the horizontal state, the capacitance value changes. By inputting this change in the capacitance value to the alarm circuit B in the same manner as in the above-described fifth embodiment, the tilt angle 17
A warning is issued when the inclination angle exceeds 15 ° in the left and right direction, and a warning is issued when the inclination angle exceeds 20 ° in the front and rear direction and 17 ° in the left and right direction.

According to the seventh embodiment described above, the electrode gap between the electrodes is the thickness of the insulating films 42 and 41, the capacitance is large, and the amount of change in the capacitance is large. .

(Eighth Embodiment) FIGS. 21 and 22 show an eighth embodiment of the tilt angle detection sensor according to the present invention. The electrode unit 2 according to the eighth embodiment of the tilt angle detection sensor includes a liquid enclosure 43, an outer electrode 6,
An inner electrode 7, a disk-shaped substrate 8, and a metal (iron-based metal) ball 4 rotatably housed in a liquid sealing container 43.
4 and the conductive liquid 33 filled in the liquid enclosure 43
It consists of

The liquid enclosing container 43 has a hemispherical shell-shaped outer wall portion 45 with a radius r1 and an inner wall portion 46 with a radius r2. And the peripheral portions of the inner and outer wall portions 46 and 45 are fixed to the substrate 8.
A hemispherical shell-shaped space 11 having a thickness t is formed between 6 and 45.

The outer electrode 6 and the inner electrode 7 are formed by cutting a hemispherical shell into a circle. The outer electrode 6 is mounted on the outer surface of the outer wall 45, and the inner electrode 7 is mounted on the inner surface of the inner wall 46. The terminals 9 and 10 of the outer electrode 6 and the inner electrode 7 are connected to a conductive pattern (not shown) of the substrate 8, respectively. The conductive liquid 33 is provided in the space 11 of the liquid enclosure 43.
The ball 44 having a diameter of (r1-r2-δ) (δ is minute) is accommodated in the space 11 so as to roll.

The electrode unit 2 is housed in the container 1 in the same manner as in the first embodiment to constitute a capacitance type inclination angle detection sensor A.

Therefore, when the agricultural machine is in a horizontal state, the electrode unit 2 is kept horizontal and the ball 44
Is located at the lowermost part in the space 11, and only the conductive liquid 33 exists between the inner and outer electrodes 7 and 6, so that the electrode 7 as shown in FIG. , 6, a capacitor is formed by serially connecting an outer wall (outer hemisphere) 45, a conductive liquid 33 having a thickness (r1-r2), and an inner wall (inner hemisphere) 46 having different dielectric constants. Therefore, the electrode gap is large and the capacitance is small.

When the agricultural machine is inclined from the horizontal state, the ball 44 enters the conductive liquid 33 in the space 11 on the inclined side. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 22 (2), the outer wall portion (outer hemisphere) 45 and the conductive liquid 33 having the thickness δ
・ Series connection of inner wall (inner hemisphere) 46 (conductive liquid 33)
Is a fictitious electrode). As a result, the capacitance between the inner and outer electrodes 7 and 6 greatly changes.

As described above, when the agricultural machine is tilted from the horizontal state, the capacitance value changes. By inputting this change in the capacitance value to the alarm circuit B in the same manner as in the above-described fifth embodiment, the tilt angle 17
A warning is issued when the inclination angle exceeds 15 ° in the left and right direction, and a warning is issued when the inclination angle exceeds 20 ° in the front and rear direction and 17 ° in the left and right direction.

Ninth Embodiment FIG. 23 shows a ninth embodiment of the tilt angle detection sensor according to the present invention. Electrode unit 2 in Embodiment 9 of this tilt angle detection sensor
Are a liquid enclosure 50 and an inner electrode 5 which is a rod-shaped electrode.
1, an outer electrode 52 which is a cylindrical electrode, and a liquid enclosure 5
And a conductive liquid 33 injected into the inside.

That is, the liquid enclosing container 50 is composed of the container main body 50A and the substrate 8, and this container main body 50A
A has a bottomed, cylindrical peripheral wall 53 and is open outward at the end. The inner electrode 51 is provided at the center of the substrate 8.
The lower part of the inner electrode 51 is inserted into the conductive liquid 33 in the container 50. An outer electrode 52 is mounted on the outer surface of the liquid container 50, and a terminal 52 A of the outer electrode 52 is connected to the substrate 8.

The electrode unit 2 is housed in the container 1 in the same manner as in the first embodiment to form a capacitance type inclination angle detection sensor A. The tilt angle detection sensor A is connected to an alarm circuit having the same configuration as the alarm circuit B of the first embodiment.

The inclination angle detection sensor A is mounted horizontally on the body of an agricultural machine, the container 1 is kept horizontal, the electrode unit 2 provided in the container 1 is kept horizontal, and the conductive liquid 33 is kept horizontal. In this state, the lower part of the inner electrode 51 is immersed in the conductive liquid 33 as described above, and the inner electrode 51 faces the outer electrode 52 with the space 11 and the peripheral wall 53 of the liquid enclosure 50 interposed therebetween. In this case, the conductive liquid 33 does not enter the space 11. Therefore,
A peripheral wall 53 of the liquid enclosure 50 between the inner and outer electrodes 51 and 52 and a peripheral wall 53 of the air / liquid enclosure 50 in the space 11.
Are formed in series by connecting dielectrics having different dielectric constants, the electrode gap is large, and the capacitance is small.

When the agricultural machine is inclined from the horizontal state, the conductive liquid 33 enters the space 11 between the outer electrode 52 and the inner electrode 51 because the conductive liquid 33 enters the inclined side. Will exist. Accordingly, when the conductive liquid 33 enters, the capacitor portion (capacitance C1) formed by connecting the peripheral wall portion 53 of the liquid enclosure 50 in series and the inner and outer electrodes 51, 52 are connected to the peripheral wall portion 53 of the liquid enclosure 50.
Capacitance is increased by parallel connection of a capacitor portion (capacitance C2) formed of a series connection of the peripheral wall portion 53 of the air / liquid enclosure 50 in the space 11, and the capacitance portion increases as the inclination angle increases. The ratio of (capacitance C1) increases.

As described above, when the agricultural machine is tilted from the horizontal state, the capacitance value between the outer electrode 52 and the inner electrode 51 changes. By inputting this change in the capacitance value to the alarm circuit B in the same manner as in the first embodiment described above, care should be taken when the inclination angle exceeds 17 ° in the front-rear direction and 15 ° in the left-right direction. An alert was issued, and a tilt angle of 20 ° in the front-back direction and a tilt angle of 17 ° in the left-right direction
If it exceeds, an alarm is issued.

(Embodiment 10) FIG. 24 shows an embodiment 10 of an inclination angle detecting sensor according to the present invention. The tenth embodiment of the tilt angle detection sensor is different from the tilt angle detection sensor A of the ninth embodiment described above in that the electrode unit 2
Are different in the outer electrode configuration, and the other configurations are the same. That is, the outer electrode configuration in the electrode unit 2 is such that the outer electrode 55 is provided at a position where the rod-shaped inner electrode 51 is disposed in the inside of the liquid sealing container 50, and the inner and outer peripheral surfaces of the outer electrode (cylindrical electrode) 55 are formed. Insulating film 56,
57. The lower part of the outer electrode 55 is in contact with the liquid surface 33A of the conductive liquid 33 in a horizontal state.

Therefore, when the agricultural machine is in a horizontal state, the conductive liquid 33 in the liquid filling container 50 is at a level where its liquid level 33A reaches the lower edge of the outer electrode 55,
The insulating film 57 covering the outer electrode 55 and the inner electrode 51
Since the conductive liquid 33 does not exist between the insulating film 57 and the inner and outer electrodes 51 and 55, a capacitor is formed by series connection of the insulating film 57 and the dielectric material having different dielectric constants of the air in the space 11. Therefore, the electrode gap is large and the capacitance is small.

When the agricultural machine is tilted from the horizontal state, the space between the insulating film 57 covering the outer electrode 55 and the inner electrode 51 is inserted into the space 11 because the conductive liquid 33 enters the tilted side. Has a conductive liquid 33 present therein. Therefore, a capacitor portion (capacitance C1) between the inner and outer electrodes 51 and 55 formed of a series connection of the insulating film 57 and a capacitor portion (capacitance C2) formed of a series connection of the insulating film 57 and the air in the space 11 are formed. ) In parallel connection (total capacitance is C1 + C2), and as the tilt angle increases, the ratio of large capacitance (capacitance C1) increases, the electrode gap decreases, and the capacitance increases. .

As described above, when the agricultural machine is tilted from the horizontal state, the capacitance value changes. By inputting this change in the capacitance value to the alarm circuit B in the same manner as in the above-described fifth embodiment, the tilt angle 17
A warning is issued when the inclination angle exceeds 15 ° in the left and right direction, and a warning is issued when the inclination angle exceeds 20 ° in the front and rear direction and 17 ° in the left and right direction.

(Eleventh Embodiment) FIGS. 25 to 28 show an eleventh embodiment of the tilt angle detection sensor according to the present invention. In the eleventh embodiment of the tilt angle detection sensor,
A hole as an additional portion is provided in the cylindrical electrode in order to change the operating point of one of the X-axis and Y-axis tilt outputs of the cylindrical electrode so that an arbitrary operating point can be set in each direction of the entire circumference. It was done.

That is, a hole as an additional portion for changing the operating point of one of the X-axis and Y-axis tilt outputs on the peripheral surface of the inner electrode 7 which is a cylindrical electrode in the first and second embodiments. This is a case where the unit 60 is provided. As shown in FIG. 27, when the operating point is changed between 15 degrees and 17 degrees in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction, two degrees (17
(-15 degrees). This is the inner electrode 7
When is opened in half, the liquid is placed so that the liquid (dielectric liquid) that enters at an inclination of the X axis does not fall on the line in which it is immersed.
Incidentally, a is a line where the liquid is immersed with the inclination of the X axis, and B is a line where the liquid is immersed with the inclination of the Y axis. By doing so, as shown in FIG. 28, the output of the Y axis is reduced by 2 degrees, and the same operation is performed at 15 degrees and 17 degrees at the point a. The additional portion may be a notch as well as the hole 60.

Twelfth Embodiment FIGS. 29 to 31 show a twelfth embodiment of the tilt angle detection sensor according to the present invention. In the twelfth embodiment of the tilt angle detection sensor,
The inner electrode 61, which is a cylindrical electrode, is divided into four parts in the circumferential direction, and the X and Y component electrodes are opposed to each other in a differential manner.
The angle of two axes in the axial direction is detected.

That is, the electrode unit 2 in the capacitance type inclination angle detection sensor A according to the twelfth embodiment includes an outer electrode 62 which is a cylindrical electrode, an insulating electrode holding member 63, and a cylindrical electrode. It is composed of a certain inner electrode 61 and a disk-shaped substrate 8. That is, the outer electrode 62
30 has a cylindrical peripheral wall 62A with a bottom as shown in FIG. 30 and has an opening 62B opened outward at the upper end, and a pair of terminal portions is provided on the peripheral edge of the opening 62B. 64 are formed.

Further, the electrode holding member 63 is
The cylindrical body has a smaller diameter and a shorter length, and its upper and lower ends are opened outward. Then, the electrode holding member 6
The inner electrode 61 is mounted on the outer peripheral wall 63A of the third. The inner electrode 61 has a smaller diameter and a shorter length than the outer electrode 62, and divides a cylindrical body, which is opened outward at the upper and lower ends, into four parts in the circumferential direction, and opposes the X component electrode part 61X-
Y component electrode portions 61Y-1,6 opposed to 1,61X-2
1Y-2. The X and Y component electrode portions 61X-1, 61X-2, 61Y-1, and 61Y-2 are provided with terminal portions 65, respectively.

The electrode holding member 63 is fixed to the substrate 8, and the inner and outer electrodes 61, 62 connect the respective terminal portions 64, 65 to a conductive pattern (not shown) of the substrate 8. The outer electrode 62 is disposed concentrically with the inner electrode 61, and is mounted on the substrate 8.
An annular space 6 between the inner and outer electrodes 61 and 62 in plan view.
6 are formed. In the electrode unit 2, a predetermined amount (substantially half of the capacity of the outer electrode 62) of the dielectric liquid 33 is injected into the outer electrode 62.

The electrode unit 2 is housed in the container 1 in the same manner as in the first embodiment to form a capacitance type inclination angle detection sensor A.

The tilt angle detection sensor A thus configured
Are incorporated in the processing circuit shown in FIG. This processing circuit includes an oscillation circuit 67, a capacitance / voltage conversion circuit (CV conversion) 68X-1, 68X-2, 68Y-1,
68Y-2, differential amplifiers 69X and 69Y, A / D converters 75X and 75Y, and an arithmetic circuit 76.

The tilt angle detection sensor A configured as described above is mounted, for example, in a horizontal state on the body of an agricultural machine. When the agricultural machine is tilted from the horizontal state, the tilt angle sensor A is tilted into the space 66. A large amount of the dielectric liquid 33 penetrates into the inner electrode 61 due to the amount of the dielectric liquid 33 penetrating.
(That is, the X and Y component electrode portions 61X-1, 61X-
2, 61Y-1, 61Y-2) and the outer electrode 62 change.

In this case, the total capacitance in the X-axis direction is Cx,
Assuming that the capacitance at the X component electrode unit 61X-1 is CX-1 and the capacitance at the X component electrode unit 61X-2 is CX-2, Cx = (CX-1)-(CX-2) Y The total capacitance in the axial direction is represented by Cy and the Y component electrode portion 61Y-1.
Where CY-1 is the capacitance at, and CY-2 is the capacitance at the Y component electrode portion 61Y-2. Cy = (CY-1)-(CY-2) The absolute value output θ is θ = ◆ (Cx ² + Cy ² ).

Therefore, in the processing circuit, the output from the oscillation circuit 67 is the capacitance CX-1, CX-2, CY-
1 and CY-2, which are increased / decreased, and are converted into capacitance / voltage conversion circuits 68X-1, 68X-2, 68Y-1, 68Y.
-2, and converts the converted voltage to a differential amplifier 6
The amplified voltage is amplified by 9X and 69Y, A / D converted by the A / D converters 75X and 75Y, calculated by the arithmetic circuit 76, and outputs an absolute value output θ inclined in all circumferential directions.

According to the twelfth embodiment, the opposed X, Y component electrode portions 61X-1, 61X-2, 61Y are opposed to each other.
-1, 61Y-2 in a differential system to detect a change in capacitance due to the inclination, thereby improving the temperature characteristics, and a liquid caused by the dielectric liquid 33 wetting the wall surface of the outer electrode 62 during vibration or inclination. The effect of the liquid level change on the surface can be eliminated, and high precision can be achieved.

In the twelfth embodiment described above, the X-component electrode portions 61X-1 opposed to the inner electrode 61,
Y component electrode portions 61Y-1, 61Y opposed to 61X-2
However, the outer electrode 62 may be formed by dividing the cylindrical body into four parts in the circumferential direction, and forming the opposing X component electrode part and the opposing Y component electrode part.

[0112]

As described above, according to the tilt angle detection sensor according to the first aspect of the present invention, the electrode unit is held by the holding member, and the electrode unit is formed in a container shape in which the dielectric liquid is sealed. And the other cylindrical electrode is arranged concentrically within the cylindrical electrode, and the capacitance changes according to the amount of the dielectric liquid flowing between the two cylindrical electrodes. By detecting the inclination of the electrodes, the number of components is small and the electrodes for detecting the change in capacitance can be unitized, so that not only the assemblability can be improved but also the detection accuracy can be improved.

Further, according to the tilt angle detection sensor according to the second aspect of the present invention, the electrode unit is held by the holding member,
The electrode unit, a liquid encapsulation container that encloses the dielectric liquid in a hemispherical shape is formed of a conductor to form one electrode, and another electrode in a ring shape is arranged concentrically inside the liquid encapsulation container, An electrode that detects a change in capacitance with a small number of components by detecting the inclination of the holding member by changing the capacitance according to the amount of the dielectric liquid that enters and exits between the two electrodes. Can be unitized, and not only the assemblability can be improved, but also the detection accuracy can be improved.

Further, according to the tilt angle detection sensor according to the third aspect of the present invention, the electrode unit is held by the holding member,
The electrode unit is formed of an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder, and a liquid sealing container provided with a ring-shaped space therein, a conductive liquid sealed in the liquid sealing container, and an outer periphery of the outer cylinder of the liquid sealing container. An outer cylindrical electrode arranged and an inner cylindrical electrode arranged on the inner periphery of the inner cylinder,
By changing the capacitance depending on the amount of the conductive liquid flowing in and out between the two electrodes, the inclination of the holding member is detected, whereby the air in the outer cylinder and the space between the cylindrical electrodes is detected. A capacitor portion (capacitance C1) consisting of a series connection of only the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder due to the intrusion of the conductive liquid from a capacitor formed by series connection of dielectrics having different dielectric constants of the inner cylinder; A capacitor portion (capacitance C) comprising a series connection of the outer cylinder, air in the space, and the inner cylinder between the cylindrical electrodes.
The capacitance is increased by the parallel connection of 2), and as the inclination angle increases, the ratio of the capacitor portion (capacitance C1) having a large capacitance increases, whereby the inclination of the holding member holding the electrode unit is increased. The angle can be detected.

One capacitance is the outer electrode and the outer peripheral wall of the liquid enclosure and the conductive liquid, and the other capacitance is the series between the conductive liquid and the inner peripheral wall of the liquid enclosure and the inner electrode. In order to form the capacitance, the capacitance is determined by the thickness of the outer peripheral wall in the liquid container and the area in which the conductive liquid fills the electrodes, and thus does not depend on the distance between the electrodes. Therefore, the distance between the electrodes can be widened, so that problems due to surface tension and the like are eliminated. (In the conventional example, when a dielectric liquid is sealed between a pair of cylindrical electrodes, the dielectric liquid enters directly between the electrodes, so that the gap between the electrodes is reduced. Must be packed, and accuracy cannot be obtained due to the surface tension of the dielectric liquid.)

As described above, the number of components is small, and the electrode for detecting a change in capacitance can be unitized, so that not only the assemblability can be improved but also the detection accuracy can be improved.

Further, according to the tilt angle detection sensor according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the holding unit holds the electrode unit,
A liquid enclosing container formed of the inner and outer cylinders and having a ring-shaped space therein, a conductive liquid sealed in the space of the liquid enclosing container, and an inner space of the liquid enclosing container. An outer cylindrical electrode disposed on the inner periphery of the outer cylinder, and an inner cylindrical electrode disposed on the outer periphery of the inner cylinder in the space of the liquid enclosure,
An insulating film that covers each of the outer cylindrical electrodes, and the capacitance changes depending on the amount of the conductive liquid that flows between the two electrodes, so that the inclination of the holding member is detected. By doing so, the conductive liquid enters from a capacitor constituted by a series connection of one insulating film, air in the space, and a dielectric having a different dielectric constant from the other insulating film between the cylindrical electrodes. A series connection of one insulating film, the air in the space, and the other insulating film between the capacitor portion (capacitance C1) composed of a series connection of only one insulating film and the other insulating film and the cylindrical electrode. The capacitance is increased by parallel connection of the capacitor portion (capacitance C2) formed by the connection, and the capacitor portion (capacitance C1) having a larger capacitance as the inclination angle increases. By the ratio of increases,
The inclination angle of the holding member that holds the electrode unit can be detected.

In this way, the electrodes for detecting the change in capacitance can be made into a unit, and not only the assemblability can be improved, but also the amount of change in capacitance can be increased, and the detection accuracy can be improved. .

According to the tilt angle detecting sensor according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, in the tilt angle detecting sensor according to the third aspect, in the ring-shaped space formed by the inner and outer cylinders of the liquid enclosure. By arranging the other electrodes in the above, not only the effect of the invention of claim 3 can be achieved, but also the capacitance generated by the two electrodes can be taken out in parallel, so that the change in sensitivity can be increased.

Further, according to the tilt angle detection sensor according to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the holding unit holds the electrode unit,
The electrode unit, a hemispherical shell, a liquid enclosing container formed from an outer wall portion and having a hemispherical space therein, a conductive liquid sealed in the liquid enclosing container, A conductive ball capable of moving in a conductive liquid, an outer cylindrical electrode disposed on the outer periphery of the outer wall of the liquid enclosure, and an inner cylindrical electrode disposed on the inner periphery of the inner wall; When the liquid enclosing container is inclined and the ball enters between the inner and outer cylindrical electrodes, the capacitance between the cylindrical electrodes changes, thereby detecting the inclination angle of the holding member. Thus, the outer wall portion and the ball are formed from a capacitor that is formed between the cylindrical electrodes by a series connection of the outer wall portion, the conductive liquid for the width of the space, and the dielectric material having different dielectric constants of the inner wall portion. The sky narrowed by The capacitance between the cylindrical electrodes greatly changes by forming a capacitor constituted by the series connection of the conductive liquid and the inner wall portion for the width of, and the inclination angle of the holding member holding the electrode unit is detected. can do.

As described above, since the number of components is small and the electrode for detecting a change in capacitance can be made into a unit, not only the assemblability can be improved, but also the detection accuracy can be improved.

Further, according to the tilt angle detection sensor according to the seventh aspect of the present invention, the cylindrical liquid filling container filled with the conductive liquid and the conductive liquid are not directly contacted concentrically with the liquid filling container. Cylindrical electrode arranged in such a manner, and another electrode arranged at the center of the cylindrical electrode and in contact with the conductive liquid, the peripheral wall portion / space of the liquid enclosure between the other electrode and the cylindrical electrode. A capacitor is formed by a series connection of dielectrics having different dielectric constants of air, but when inclined from a horizontal state, in the space, a conductive liquid penetrates into the inclined side, so that other electrodes and A conductive liquid will be present between the cylindrical electrodes. Therefore, when the conductive liquid enters, the capacitor portion (capacitance C1) formed by serial connection of the peripheral wall of the liquid enclosure and the other electrode and the cylindrical electrode are connected in series from the air connection of the peripheral wall and space of the liquid enclosure. The capacitance is increased by connecting the capacitor portion (capacitance C2) in parallel, and the ratio of the capacitor portion (capacitance C1) having a large capacitance increases as the inclination angle increases.

As described above, since the number of components is small and the electrode for detecting a change in capacitance can be made into a unit, not only the assemblability can be improved, but also the detection accuracy can be improved.

According to the tilt angle detection sensor according to the eighth aspect of the present invention, the tilt angle of the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth or seventh aspect of the present invention is improved. In the angle detection sensor, by providing an additional portion to the cylindrical electrode and setting an arbitrary operating point in each direction of the entire circumference, the same operation as the operation of the invention of claim 1 can be achieved. Not only that, an additional part to the cylindrical electrode,
For example, by providing a hole and a notch, any operating point can be set in each direction of the entire circumference, and the operating point of one of the X-axis and Y-axis tilt outputs of this cylindrical electrode is changed. be able to.

Further, according to the inclination angle detection sensor according to the ninth aspect of the present invention, the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, or seventh or seventh or seventh or seventh aspect of the present invention is provided. 8. The tilt angle detection sensor according to claim 8, wherein a plurality of angles are set for the tilt in all directions, and a pulse-like signal output or a continuous output is output according to the dangerous angle. In addition to achieving the same effect as the effect of the invention of Item 1, the alarm sound can be changed according to the danger angle by setting several steps of angles with respect to the inclination in all directions.

Further, according to the tilt angle detection sensor according to the tenth aspect of the present invention, the electrode unit is held by the holding member, and the electrode unit is formed of a container-shaped cylindrical electrode in which a dielectric liquid is sealed, and Other cylindrical electrodes are arranged concentrically within the cylindrical electrode, and one of these cylindrical electrodes is divided into four parts in the circumferential direction to form opposing X and Y component electrode parts, and these X, Y component electrodes are formed. By making the differential type in the Y component electrode portion, and by detecting the inclination of the holding member by changing the capacitance according to the amount of the dielectric liquid flowing between the two cylindrical electrodes, Since the number of points is small and the electrodes for detecting the change in capacitance can be made into a unit, not only the assemblability can be improved, but also the detection accuracy can be improved. In particular, by detecting the capacitance change due to the inclination by using a differential method with the X and Y component electrode portions facing each other,
The temperature characteristics can be improved, and the influence of the liquid level change of the liquid surface due to the dielectric liquid wetting the wall surface of the outer electrode during vibration or tilt can be eliminated, and high precision can be achieved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially broken perspective view of an inclination angle detection sensor (first embodiment) according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the same inclination angle detection sensor (Embodiment 1).

FIG. 3 is a perspective view illustrating an arrangement of cylindrical electrodes of the inclination angle detection sensor (Embodiment 1).

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of an operation area of the inclination angle detection sensor.

FIG. 5A is a cross-sectional view illustrating a state in which the inclination angle detection sensor (first embodiment) is inclined rightward. FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view illustrating a state in which the tilt angle detection sensor (first embodiment) is tilted leftward.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram of an alarm circuit.

FIG. 7 is an inclination angle-capacitance characteristic diagram.

FIG. 8 is a block diagram of another alarm circuit.
(2) is an explanatory diagram of another alarm circuit.

FIG. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view of an inclination angle detection sensor (Embodiment 2) according to the present invention.

FIG. 10 is an operation explanatory view of the inclination angle detection sensor (Embodiment 2);

FIG. 11 is a longitudinal sectional view of an inclination angle detection sensor (third embodiment) according to the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a perspective view of an inclination angle detection sensor (Embodiment 4) according to the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a longitudinal sectional view of an inclination angle detection sensor (Embodiment 4) according to the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a longitudinal sectional view of an inclination angle detection sensor (Embodiment 5) according to the present invention.

FIG. 15A is an explanatory diagram of an electrode gap in a horizontal state of the inclination angle detection sensor (Embodiment 5).
(2) is an explanatory view of an electrode gap in an inclined state of the inclination angle detection sensor (Embodiment 5).

FIG. 16 is a block diagram of an alarm circuit.

FIG. 17 is a longitudinal sectional view of an inclination angle detection sensor (Embodiment 6) according to the present invention.

FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram of an electrode gap in a horizontal state of the inclination angle detection sensor (Embodiment 6).

FIG. 19 is a block diagram of an alarm circuit.

FIG. 20 is a longitudinal sectional view of an inclination angle detection sensor (Embodiment 7) according to the present invention.

FIG. 21 is a longitudinal sectional view of an inclination angle detection sensor (Embodiment 8) according to the present invention.

FIG. 22 (1) is an explanatory diagram of an electrode gap in a horizontal state of the inclination angle detection sensor (Embodiment 8).
(2) is an explanatory view of an electrode gap in a tilted state of the tilt angle detection sensor (Eighth Embodiment).

FIG. 23 is a longitudinal sectional view of an inclination angle detection sensor (ninth embodiment) according to the present invention.

FIG. 24 is a longitudinal sectional view of an inclination angle detection sensor (Embodiment 10) according to the present invention.

FIG. 25 is a perspective view of a cylindrical electrode of the inclination angle detection sensor (Embodiment 11) according to the present invention.

FIG. 26 is a longitudinal sectional view of a cylindrical electrode of the inclination angle detection sensor (Embodiment 11).

FIG. 27 is a view as seen from the Y-axis direction when the cylindrical electrode of the inclination angle detection sensor (Embodiment 11) is halved.

FIG. 28 is a graph showing tilt angle-capacitance characteristics.

FIG. 29 is a longitudinal sectional view of an electrode unit of a tilt angle detection sensor (twelfth embodiment) according to the present invention.

FIG. 30 is a perspective view of a cylindrical electrode of an inclination angle detection sensor (twelfth embodiment) according to the present invention.

FIG. 31 is a block diagram of a processing circuit.

FIG. 32 is a longitudinal sectional view of a conventional inclination angle detection sensor.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 container (holding member) 2 electrode unit 3 dielectric liquid 6 outer cylindrical electrode 7 inner cylindrical electrode

[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] August 22, 1996

[Procedure amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0108

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

In this case, the total capacitance in the X-axis direction is Cx,
Assuming that the capacitance at the X component electrode unit 61X-1 is CX-1 and the capacitance at the X component electrode unit 61X-2 is CX-2, Cx = (CX-1)-(CX-2) Y The total capacitance in the axial direction is represented by Cy and the Y component electrode portion 61Y-1.
Where CY-1 is the capacitance at, and CY-2 is the capacitance at the Y component electrode portion 61Y-2. Cy = (CY-1)-(CY-2) The absolute value output θ is θ = √ (Cx ² + Cy ² ).

Claims (10)

[Claims] An electrode unit is held by a holding member, and the electrode unit is formed by disposing a container-like cylindrical electrode in which a dielectric liquid is sealed and another cylindrical electrode arranged concentrically within the cylindrical electrode. An inclination angle detection sensor, wherein an inclination of the holding member is detected by changing an electrostatic capacity according to an amount of the dielectric liquid flowing between the two cylindrical electrodes. 2. An electrode unit is held by a holding member, and the electrode unit is formed as a single electrode by forming a liquid sealing container for sealing a dielectric liquid in a hemispherical shape into one electrode, and a ring shape is formed inside the liquid sealing container. The other electrodes are arranged on concentric circles, and the inclination of the holding member is detected by changing the capacitance according to the amount of the dielectric liquid flowing in and out between the two electrodes. The inclination angle detection sensor. 3. A liquid enclosing container having an electrode unit held by a holding member, said electrode unit being formed of an inner and outer cylinder and having a ring-shaped space therein, and a conductive container sealed in said liquid enclosing container. A liquid, an outer cylindrical electrode disposed on the outer periphery of the outer cylinder of the liquid enclosure, and an inner cylindrical electrode disposed on the inner periphery of the inner cylinder; An inclination angle detection sensor, wherein the inclination of the holding member is detected by changing the capacitance according to the amount of liquid. 4. A liquid enclosing container having an electrode unit held by a holding member, said electrode unit being formed of an inner and an outer cylinder and having a ring-shaped space provided therein, and enclosing said electrode unit in said space of said liquid enclosing container. Conductive liquid, an outer cylindrical electrode disposed on the inner periphery of the outer cylinder in the space of the liquid enclosure, and an inner cylinder disposed on the outer periphery of the inner cylinder in the space of the liquid enclosure. A cylindrical electrode, and an insulating film that covers the inner and outer cylindrical electrodes, and the capacitance changes according to the amount of the conductive liquid that enters and exits between the two electrodes. An inclination angle detection sensor characterized in that the inclination angle is detected. 5. The tilt angle detection sensor according to claim 3, wherein another electrode is arranged in a ring-shaped space formed by the inner and outer cylinders of the liquid enclosure. 6. A liquid enclosing container having a holding member holding an electrode unit, said electrode unit being formed of an outer wall portion in a hemispherical shell shape, and having a hemispherical space therein. And a conductive ball capable of moving in the conductive liquid in the liquid container, and an outer cylindrical electrode disposed on the outer periphery of the outer wall of the liquid container. And the inner cylindrical electrode disposed on the inner periphery of the inner wall portion. The liquid sealing container is inclined, and the ball enters between the inner and outer cylindrical electrodes. An inclination angle detection sensor characterized by detecting an inclination angle of the holding member by changing. 7. A cylindrical liquid enclosing container filled with a conductive liquid, a cylindrical electrode arranged concentrically with the liquid enclosing container so as not to directly contact with the conductive liquid, and a center of the cylindrical electrode. An inclination angle detection sensor, comprising: another electrode disposed to be in contact with the conductive liquid. 8. An arbitrary operating point is set in each direction of the entire circumference by providing an additional portion to the cylindrical electrode. The tilt angle detection sensor according to claim 6 or 7. 9. The method according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of angles are set for the inclination in all directions, and a pulse-like signal output or a continuous output is output according to the dangerous angle. The tilt angle detection sensor according to claim 3 or claim 4 or claim 5 or claim 5 or claim 6 or claim 7 or claim 8. 10. An electrode unit is held by a holding member,
The electrode unit comprises a container-shaped cylindrical electrode in which a dielectric liquid is sealed, and another cylindrical electrode arranged concentrically within the cylindrical electrode, and one of these cylindrical electrodes is arranged in a circumferential direction. X and Y component electrode portions are formed by dividing into four, and the X and Y component electrode portions are set in a differential system, and the capacitance is determined by the amount of the dielectric liquid flowing between the two cylindrical electrodes. Wherein the inclination of the holding member is detected by changing the inclination angle.