JPH1047U - Central locking device for automobile - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a central locking device so that an illegally intercepted code word signal does not result in a usable code word on the one hand and a faulty operation, especially an ineffective operation of a transmitter, on the other hand. Improve so that it can be ignored. A remote control device (2) having a transmitter (3) having a coder (4) and a receiver (5) having a complementary decoder (6).
And a control electronic device 7, and when operating the transmitter,
A codeword formed from the code bits may be created, issued as a codeword signal, and received by a receiver. At the decoder, an unlock signal can be generated and sent to the control electronics. The coder and decoder each have a code clock pulse counter, which can count the code clock pulses as a numerical increment. In the decoder,
An unlock signal can be generated when the code clock pulse counter reading (n ') of the decoder matches the coder code clock pulse counter reading (n) at the time of codeword reception.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[0001]

[Industrial applications]

 The present invention provides at least a remote control device having a transmitter acting as a key, having a coder and a receiver acting as a lock and having a complementary decoder, and a control electronic device. By operating the transmitter, a code word composed of code bits is formed, transmitted as a code word signal, and an unlock signal formed in the decoder is transferred to the control electronic device in accordance with the transmitted code word signal. The present invention relates to a central locking device for an automobile which can be released by an unlock signal by the control electronic device. A central locking device is a device for locking and unlocking a vehicle lock in the center, which can also be incorporated into the door or hood and ceiling of the vehicle. Remote controls with transmitters and receivers operate by radio propagation of signals carrying codewords as opening and closing models. Thus, the transmitter is an electronic analog of a mechanical key, and the receiver is an electronic analog of a lock or lock cylinder. Wireless propagation of codeword signals can function with ultrasonic waves, ie, density waves of air or electromagnetic waves. Suitable electromagnetic waves are high frequencies and microwaves, as well as light frequencies such as infrared rays.

[0002] In addition to a coder, a transmitter includes at least an oscillator, a modulator, a wave emitting mechanism, and power supply equipment. The receiver has, in addition to the decoder, at least the emission mechanism and its complementary structural components, detectors, demodulators and power supply equipment. At the transmitter, a codeword can be created in the coder during operation of the transmitter and sent to the receiver and thus to the decoder. In the decoder, the received code word is compared with the code and keyword stored in the decoder. As long as the received code word almost matches the code, the keyword, an unlock signal is generated in the decoder, which unlocks the vehicle via the control electronics. It is self-evident that the lock of the central locking device can be installed in a way that supports unlocking. A central locking device with a remote control device does not need to be a mechanical key in principle, but a car lock may have a mechanical key with an associated key that has a key bit, in case of emergency such as a power outage or by law. A lock cylinder can be provided.

[0003]

[Prior art]

 Central locking devices of the above-mentioned construction are known in various constructions. Central locking devices which operate on so-called fixed cords are known from practice. In this case, each central locking device has a separate, unchangeable code word. Such devices operate independently of faulty operation, for example, ineffective operation of the transmitter, and are very reliable but not fully guaranteed against improper use. This is because the codeword signal is received by a suitable receiver and can therefore also be obtained by an unauthorized person. The illegitimate person can then tune the transmitter for issuing the codeword signal to the acquired codeword, and thus have the duplicate key.

[0004] From DE 32 44 049 A1 a central locking device of the type described at the outset is known, which operates with a so-called exchange cord. In that case, several (n) specific, different, codewords, each consisting of a part of the code bits, are stored in the transmitter and the receiver. The codewords are arranged in numerical order (1, 2, 3,... X ... n). In operation, the transmitter emits these codewords one by one, and the xth operation emits the xth codeword. The decoder in turn converts the x-th code word into an unlock signal for the control electronics by means of the x-th code word received during the x-th operation of the transmitter and sends this to the control electronics. . After x = n for each operation, the operation starts from 1 again. However, in the case of ineffective operation of the transmitter beyond the reception range of the receiver, the synchronization of the sequential counting of code words between the transmitter and the receiver is lost. An additional synchronization device is provided to restore synchronization after ineffective operation. In the improvement of DE 33 07 732, a special synchronization device is installed, which operates accordingly with auxiliary code words. This type of central locking device has proven to be effective but is expensive. In addition, the operation handling by several operators necessary for restoration of synchronization after ineffective operation seems complicated.

Finally, from a practical point of view, a central locking device of the construction described at the outset, which essentially operates with a replacement code of the kind described above, but merely as if the xth code word appeared to be valid It is also known that a group of code words (xa,... X, x + b) is also effective. This allows ineffective operation of the transmitter, for example, b times, after which synchronization is required.

[0006]

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

 The invention provides for a central locking device of the construction described at the beginning so that, on the one hand, an unjustly intercepted code word signal does not result in a usable code word and, on the other hand, a faulty operation, in particular an ineffective operation of the transmitter. The challenge is to improve it so that it can be ignored.

[0007]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

 In order to solve this problem, the present invention provides a code clock pulse generator for each of the coder and the decoder, which can generate a code clock pulse of a frequency selectable from the code clock pulse. There is a code clock pulse counter capable of counting and synchronizing code clock pulses as numerical increments, and the reading of the coder's code clock pulse counter at the time of operation of the transmitter is a component of the code word. In the decoder, the reading (n ') of the code clock pulse counter of the decoder at the time of reception of the code word signal matches the reading (n) of the code clock pulse counter of the coder at the time of operation of the transmitter. Alternatively, an unlock signal is generated if there is no difference exceeding the selectable divergence value (c). It teaches that that may be. Code clock pulse generators with selectable code clock pulse frequency can be formed by a pulse oscillator with quartz or resistor / capacitor components as timing components. Particularly when quartz is used as the timing component, extremely high stability of the code clock pulse frequency is guaranteed during temperature fluctuations and aging of electronic device components. In the case of using quartz, the code clock pulse frequency can be changed by selecting quartz and, in a narrow range, by so-called capacity adjustment. Obviously, the coder and decoder code clock pulse generators are tuned to each other with respect to the code clock pulse frequency. A code clock pulse counter is an electronic device that increases the value in memory by one numerical increment for each code clock pulse. The value in the code clock pulse counter at a particular point in time is called the reading of the code clock pulse counter. The readings can in principle be displayed in various numerical systems, but most operate in binary or BCD (Binary Decimal) notation. When the code clock pulse counter is initialized, the reading at the time of the initialization is set to a predetermined value, often zero. Synchronization can be achieved by simultaneous initialization of the two code clock pulse counters or by transmitting the reading of one counter to a second counter. The reading of the code clock pulse counter of the coder at the time of transmitter operation means that the code word consists entirely of said reading or forms only part of the code word, for example alongside a fixed code segment. Is a component of the code word. Obviously, in the latter case, the decoder is correspondingly equipped for decoding the fixed code section. Coincidence of the coder and decoder code clock pulse counter readings indicates the direct identity of both readings, but also the identity of both readings after adding a predetermined fixed number to one of the readings. It also means gender. The divergence value is the value resulting from the difference between the readings of the coder and decoder code clock pulse counters after a predetermined operating time from the initialization and synchronization of both code clock pulse counters. This divergence may be due to the fact that the natural frequencies of the timing portions of both code clock pulse generators do not exactly match in practice or are slightly different. As the divergence value, the expected maximum difference between the readings of the code clock pulse counter of the coder and of the decoder after a predetermined operating time is chosen. Thus, as if a window of tolerance was provided for the translation of the code clock pulse generator of the coder and the decoder, and the difference is still acceptable despite the lack of agreement between the readings of the code clock pulse counter, the unlock signal Is guaranteed to be made.

[0008] The object of the present invention has several advantages over known central locking devices. First, after the initial initialization and synchronization, any number of transmitter ineffective operations may be performed arbitrarily, so that no additional synchronization is required. Only if the difference between the two readings of the code clock pulse counter of the coder and of the decoder exceeds the value of the divergence by, for example, due to the extremely long operating time, a new synchronization is necessary. Second, a high degree of security is nevertheless established by the fact that the codewords are continuously changed so that unjustified intercepted codeword signals cannot be used. In this case, special emphasis should be placed on ensuring that codewords are not repeated as long as the code clock pulse counter has sufficient capacity. In principle, this is an exchange code in which the number of code words is limited only by the number of locations of the code clock pulse counter, so that the number of code words can be arbitrarily large. Third, the codeword order can be highly individualized. It is started at the time of the initial initialization and synchronization, and is thus determined again. It is very unlikely that the remote controls of two different central locking devices will be initialized and synchronized (unintentionally) at exactly the same time. Finally, the central locking device according to the invention is relatively inexpensive and easy to manufacture. In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, a correction signal of the decoder's code clock pulse counter reading can be produced together with the unlock signal, which is used to determine the decoder's code clock pulse counter reading of the coder. It can be adjusted to the reading of the code clock pulse counter. In this embodiment, if the difference between the two readings of the coder and decoder code clock pulse counters is still acceptable, an unlock signal is generated on the one hand and the code clock pulse counter readings of the coder on the other hand. Affects the reading of the code clock pulse counter of the decoder. This ensures that the readings of the code clock pulse counter of the coder and of the decoder do not differ substantially from each other by at least the divergence value at the time of operating the transmitter. Thus, in practice, the initial initialization and synchronization of both code clock pulse counters is the only necessary initialization and synchronization in the event of a special fault, eg, a power failure.

A preferred embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that the code clock pulse generators of the coder and the decoder have substantially the same code clock pulse frequency of 1 Hz. This gives rise to a new code word every second, and it is very unlikely that an accidental match of the code words of the two different central locking devices. Advantageously, the code clock pulse frequencies of the coder and decoder code clock pulse generators do not differ from each other by more than 300 ppb, preferably by more than 150 ppb. The frequency difference 1ppb is as small as 10 ^-9 .

In one embodiment of the invention, the code word is formed solely from the reading (n) of the code clock pulse counter of the coder at the time of the transmitter operation. In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the code word has a first component, the reading (n) of the code clock pulse counter of the coder at the time of the transmitter operation, and a fixed, second component. There is a code.

Advantageously, the difference between the two readings of the code clock pulse counter of the coder and of the decoder after a running time of 5 years, preferably 1 year, from one synchronization as the divergence value (c) is chosen. I have. These differences after the running time can be calculated in advance from the tolerances of the components of the timepiece.

In a particularly simple and inexpensive embodiment of the present invention, a code clock pulse generator and a code clock pulse counter are formed as components of a microcomputer, and the code clock pulse is generated by the microcomputer. The microcomputer is characterized in that it can be programmed as a code clock pulse counter. In this embodiment, the fact is exploited that the microcomputer on the one hand already incorporates a clock pulse generator and, on the other hand, can also function as a code clock pulse counter in addition to other functions. Using a microcomputer, a code clock pulse can be formed from a clock pulse of a clock pulse generator where the clock pulse is subject to division by the microcomputer with respect to frequency. In this embodiment, the code clock pulse generator and the code clock pulse counter are no longer formed as separate components or components, but are integrated components or functions of the microcomputer.

The central locking device according to the invention, which is particularly easy to operate, can be initialized by inserting the battery in the coder's code clock pulse counter into the transmitter, and the code clock pulse counter in the decoder is output from the transmitter. It is characterized by being able to be initialized by reception of the special signal and to be synchronized with the code clock pulse counter of the coder. It is self-evident that the emission of the special signal should be carried out so that no one can see it. It is preferred that the special signal is coded as such with an exchange code or a fixed code as the case may be.

[0014] The special signal can also have its transmission output limited, reaching only very short distances, thus eliminating improper recording. However, still other methods of decoder initialization are possible, for example by mechanical keys required for initialization, independent of ignition switch-on.

The code clock pulse can be used for other functions within the framework of the central locking device. For example, the code clock pulse can additionally be sent as a clock pulse to the electronic clock of the transmitter and / or of the motor vehicle.

With the central locking device described above, the initialization and synchronization of several central locking devices can still be performed intentionally in the same way and at the same time, so that as if some parent keys for the motor vehicle were hand-operated. There is a risk of some improper use due to the entry. To eliminate these, the present invention connects the coder to at least one random number generator that can be operated during initialization and synchronization, and uses the random number generator to count the code clock pulses of the coder and decoder. Teach that both readings of the instrument can be initialized with accidental, mutually coincident initial readings. As an alternative, the present invention provides that the coder is connected to at least one random number generator that can be operated during initialization and synchronization, and that the code clock generator for the coder and decoder is used with the random number generator. It teaches that both clock frequencies can be matched and selected. Obviously, both alternative measures can also be combined with each other. Random number generators are known per se in various embodiments. For example, a simple type of random number generator consists of an oscillator for producing pulses of relatively short duration, a counter connected thereto and an operating device, such as a pushbutton or a corresponding control conductor. The duration of the oscillator is then significantly shorter than the human response time. The counter is stopped when the push button is operated, and the displayed random number generator's counter reading is a random number in the sense that the counter reading cannot be set by intentional push button operation. It is. The present invention provides that, for the last described embodiment, the initial and limiting conditions of the code string can be individualized during the simultaneous initialization and synchronization of several central locking devices using a random number generator. It utilizes the knowledge that it is. In some cases, during the simultaneous initialization and synchronization of several central lock units, the same initial reading of the code clock pulse counters of the different central lock units, and thus also the same code word sequence, is virtually no longer valid. What can not be set is used. In another alternative, the code clock frequency as well as the code word limit conditions during initialization and synchronization are individualized by a random number generator. In this case, it is true that the readings of the code clock pulse counters of some central locking devices are the same at the time of simultaneous initialization and synchronization, but the probability that the code clock frequencies are sufficiently different nevertheless is extremely high. The readings of the code clock pulse counters of the transmitter and receiver that are not interdependent differ greatly within a short period of time.Abuse based on simultaneous initialization and synchronization exceeding the divergence value is virtually eliminated. It will be like. In both alternatives, during the initialization and synchronization of the central lock unit, the central lock unit coder and decoder at the initial reading or set code clock frequency set using the random number generator. It is clear that communication will take place between and.

In another configuration, a random number generator can be incorporated into the coder, rigidly connected, and operable during initialization and synchronization operations. Alternatively, the random number generator could be connected to the coder only for initialization and synchronization, and the rest could be separate components. In another particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, the random number generator is connectable to or rigidly integrated with the decoder, and the coder is connectable to the decoder for initialization and synchronization. When a random number generator is connected to the coder, during initialization and synchronization, the random number generated using the random number generator is transmitted by a special signal from the transmitter to the receiver and back to the decoder. Is transmitted. On the other hand, when a random number generator is connected to the decoder, the transmitter, and thus also the coder, for enabling the transmission of the generated random number to the coder for initialization and synchronization purposes. It is necessary to connect to the receiver. This is particularly advantageous because unwarranted interception of special signals during initialization and synchronization is virtually impossible. Of course, wireless transmission to the coder is also possible.

[0018]

【Example】

 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings showing only one embodiment.

In the drawing, a motor vehicle 1 with a door and a bonnet on which a motor vehicle lock 18 is installed can be seen. These car locks 18 can be operated by a central locking device. The central locking device is equipped with a remote control device 2 with a coder 4 and a transmitter 3 acting as a key and a complementary decoder 6 and a receiver 5 acting as a lock. The coder 4 and the decoder 6 have code clock pulse generators 8 and 9, respectively, which can be used to generate code clock pulses with selectable frequencies. There are also code clock pulse counters 10, 11 respectively, which can be initialized and synchronized and can be used to count code clock pulses as numerical increments. During operation of the transmitter 3, a code word formed from the code bits is generated and a code word signal is generated. The code word then comprises the reading of the code clock pulse counter 10 of the coder 4 at the time of operation of the transmitter 3. The codeword signal may be received by the receiver 5. At the time of reception of the code word, the reading of the code clock pulse counter 11 of the decoder 6 matches the reading of the code clock pulse counter 10 of the coder at the time of operation of the transmitter 3, or a predetermined divergence value ( As long as there is no difference exceeding c), an unlock signal can be generated, which can be sent to the control electronics 7. The lock of the vehicle lock 18 is unlocked by the control electronic device 7 using the unlock signal. The release signal can be used to generate a correction signal for the reading of the code clock pulse counter 11 of the decoder 6, which is used to determine the reading of the code tact pulse counter 11 of the decoder 6 by the code clock of the coder 4. It can be equal to the reading of the pulse counter 10.

The code clock frequency of the code clock pulse generators 8 and 9 of the coder 4 and the decoder 6 is 1 Hz, and its accuracy is 150 ppb. This precision means, in other words, a maximum of five differences between annual clock pulses. Therefore, five clock pulses per year are selected for the divergent values.

In the transmitter 3, the coder 4 is formed from individual component groups. In that case, the coder 4 includes a microcomputer 12 in addition to the code tact generator 8 and the code clock pulse counter 10, and in the latter case, the reading of the code clock pulse counter 10 generates a code word signal according to a conventional method. For processing. An electronic clock 15 is further incorporated in the frame of the coder 4, to which a code clock pulse is sent from the code clock pulse generator 8 as a second clock pulse. The transmitter 3 further includes a power supply facility 14, an oscillator 16 for an infrared wave with a modulator, and an operation button 19. The decoder 6 consists essentially of a microcomputer 13 containing a code clock pulse generator 9 and a code clock pulse counter 11, so to speak. The receiver 5 is further equipped with an infrared detector 17 with a doubletoner. The oscillator 16 and the detector 17 are formed as compatible function modules. They are also compatible with corresponding functions for high-frequency or microwave transmission, or with corresponding functional modules for ultrasonic transmission, without requiring special adaptation measures.

The code clock pulse counter 10 of the coder 4 can be initialized by inserting a battery 14 into the transmitter 3. A special signal can be emitted from the transmitter 3 by a normal special operation. When the receiver 5 receives the special signal, the code clock pulse counter 11 of the decoder 6 can be synchronized with the code clock pulse counter 10 of the coder 4.

The embodiment of FIG. 2 initially corresponds to that shown in FIG. Additionally, a random number generator 20 is incorporated in the frame of the microcomputer 13. An initialization and synchronization button 21 is also connected to the microcomputer 13 so that the random number generator 20 can be operated, in particular. The receiver 5 is further equipped with an infrared detector 17 with a demodulator. The transmitter 3 and the receiver 5 have a plug 22 and a complementary socket 23, so that the transmitter 3 and the receiver 5 can be connected, and thus also the coder 4 and the decoder 6. For the purpose of initialization and synchronization, the plug 22 is inserted into the socket 23 and the initialization and synchronization button 21 is operated. By this operation, an accidental initial reading is created, especially by using the random number generator 20, and this initial reading is transmitted to the code clock pulse counters 10 and 11 of the coder 4 and the decoder 6, and 4 and the code clock pulse generators 8 and 9 of the decoder 6 initialize synchronously.

The illustrated central locking device is additionally equipped with a device, not shown, which allows control of functions such as window glass raising / lowering, internal lighting, an alarm device and a garage via a code word part.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a central locking device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the object of FIG. 1;

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Automobile 2 ... Remote control device 3 ... Transmitter 4 ... Coder 5 ... Receiver 6 ... Decoder 7 ... Control electronic device 8, 9 ... Code clock pulse generator 10, 11 ... Code Clock pulse counter 12, 13 Microcomputer 14 Power supply equipment 15 Electronic clock 16 Oscillator 17 Detector 18 Automobile lock 19 Operation button 20 Random number generator 21 Initialization / synchronization button 22 ... Plug 23 ... Socket n, n '... Counter reading c ... Deviated value

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification number Agency reference number FI Technical indication location H04Q 9/00 301 H04L 9/00 673B

Claims (13)

[Utility model registration claims] 1. A remote control having at least a transmitter (3) acting as a key and comprising a coder (4) and a receiver (5) acting as a lock and comprising a complementary decoder (6). , A control electronics (7) are provided, the code word consisting of code bits being formed by operation of the transmitter, transmitted as a code word signal and formed in a decoder corresponding to the transmitted code word signal. The unlock signal transmitted to the control electronics (7) is transmitted to the control electronic device (7), and the control electronics (7) can release the unlock signal by using the coder (4) and the decoder ( 6) is provided with a code clock pulse generator (8, 9) capable of generating a code clock pulse capable of selecting a code clock frequency. The code clock pulse counters (10, 10) which can be initialized and synchronized at the first operation, respectively, so that the code clock pulses can be counted as numerical increments, respectively. 11), and a code clock pulse counter (1) in the coder (4).
0, 11), the reading (n) at the time of operation of the transmitter (3) is:
A coder (4) is connected to a random number generator (20) operable at least during initialization and synchronization, which constitutes a code word; Coda (4)
And each reading of the two code clock pulse generators (10, 11) in the decoder (6) can be initialized to an initial reading that is randomly coincident with each other, or the random number generator (20) allows the coder ( 4) and a code clock pulse generator (8,
The code clock frequencies of 9) can be selected to match each other, and the reading (n ') of the code clock pulse counter (11) in the decoder (6) at the time of receiving the code word is (3) At the time of operation, ensure that it does not coincide with the reading (n) of the code clock pulse counter (10) in the coder (4) or that the difference does not exceed a selectable divergence value (c). Central locking device, characterized in that an unlock signal can be formed in the decoder (5). 2. The lock release signal generates a correction signal relating to the reading of the code clock pulse counter (11) in the decoder (6), whereby the code clock pulse counter (11) in the decoder (6) is transmitted. 2. Central locking device according to claim 1, characterized in that the reading can be matched with the reading of the code clock pulse counter (10) of the coder (8). 3. The central lock as claimed in claim 1, wherein the code clock frequencies of the code clock pulse generators (8, 9) in the coder (4) and the decoder (6) are both approximately 1 Hz. apparatus. 4. The code clock frequency of both code clock pulse generators (8, 9) in the coder (4) and the decoder (6) is mutually 300 ppb, preferably 150 ppb.
4. Central locking device according to claim 1, characterized in that it does not show a difference exceeding ppb. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the code word is at the time of activation of the transmitter (3).
Code clock pulse counter (1) in the coder (4)
5. The central locking device according to claim 1, wherein the central locking device is formed only from the reading (n) of (0). 6. The code word at the time of activation of the transmitter (3),
Code clock pulse counter (1) in the coder (4)
2. The system according to claim 1, wherein the reading (n) of (0) has a first component and a fixed code has a second component.
A central locking device according to any one of claims 1 to 4; 7. The divergence value (c) is 5
After running a year, in particular a year, both code clock pulse counters (1) in the coder (4) and the decoder (6)
7. The central locking device according to claim 1, wherein a difference between the readings of (0, 11) is selected. 8. The code clock pulse generator (9) and / or the code clock pulse counter (11) are configured as a part of a microcomputer (13), and the code clock pulse is generated. , Formed from clock pulses of a clock pulse generator in a microcomputer (13), wherein the microcomputer (13) can be programmed as a code clock pulse counter (11). One of the central locking devices. 9. The code clock pulse counter (8) in the coder (4) is initialized by inserting a dry cell (14) into the transmitter (3) and the code clock pulse counter (8) in the decoder (6). 9. A method as claimed in claim 9, wherein the first signal received from the transmitter is initialized and synchronized with the code clock pulse counter in the coder. The central locking device according to any one of 1 to 8. 10. When the engine ignition circuit is closed, the code clock pulse counter (9) in the decoder (6) is initialized by receiving the first signal from the transmitter (3), and (4) can be synchronized with the code clock pulse counter (8);
10. The central lock locking device according to claim 1. 11. The random number generator according to claim 8, wherein said random number generator is a coder (4).
And are permanently connected to it,
2. The central locking device according to claim 1, wherein the central locking device is operable by a synchronization operation. 12. A random number generator (20) can be connected to the coder (4) only in the case of initialization, synchronization, and in this case is a separate and separate component. The central locking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: 13. The random number generator (20) is connectable to the decoder (6) or permanently incorporated in the decoder (6), and the coder (4) comprises:
2. The central locking device according to claim 1, wherein the central locking device is connectable to a decoder for initialization and synchronization.