JPH10504624A - 燃料噴射装置のための流域の改善された可動子 - Google Patents
燃料噴射装置のための流域の改善された可動子Info
- Publication number
- JPH10504624A JPH10504624A JP8508116A JP50811696A JPH10504624A JP H10504624 A JPH10504624 A JP H10504624A JP 8508116 A JP8508116 A JP 8508116A JP 50811696 A JP50811696 A JP 50811696A JP H10504624 A JPH10504624 A JP H10504624A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- hole
- mover
- fuel
- stepped
- injection device
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 99
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000005294 ferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000003302 ferromagnetic material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004709 eyebrow Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003127 knee Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
- F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
- F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
- F02M51/0625—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
- F02M51/0664—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding
- F02M51/0671—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature having an elongated valve body attached thereto
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
- F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
- F16K31/06—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
- F16K31/0644—One-way valve
- F16K31/0655—Lift valves
- F16K31/0658—Armature and valve member being one single element
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2700/00—Supplying, feeding or preparing air, fuel, fuel air mixtures or auxiliary fluids for a combustion engine; Use of exhaust gas; Compressors for piston engines
- F02M2700/07—Nozzles and injectors with controllable fuel supply
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (1)
- 【特許請求の範囲】 1.内燃機関に燃料を噴射するための電気作動式の燃料噴射装置のための可動子 であって、前記燃料噴射装置が燃料入口を有しており、ノズルが弁座を有してお り、該弁座を介して燃料が噴射装置から機関へ噴射され、燃料入口へ流入した燃 料をノズルへ搬送するために噴射装置内に内部通路が設けられており、弁座を選 択的に開閉するためのソレノイド作動式の弁機構が設けられており、該機構が、 内部通路内で軸線方向に往復運動を行うように結合された可動子と弁エレメント を有しており、電磁コイルが、該電磁コイルの選択的な通電に基づいて弁座を開 閉するように操作するようになっており、ばねが設けられており、該ばねが、弁 座を閉鎖した弁エレメントを押し付けており、可動子が、 一方の端部に第1の外径を備えた第1の軸線方向に延びた区分と、反対側の 端部に第2の外径を備えた第2の軸線方向に延びた区分と、前記第1と第2との 区分を結合する軸線方向に延びた円錐台形の第3の区分とを有する、延長した部 材を有しており、 内部通路から延びておりかつ前記延長した部材の全長に亘って延びた段状の 通路が設けられており、前記段状の貫通孔が、前記第1の区分の軸線方向の長さ よりも短い距離だけ延びた第1の段状孔部と、 前記管状の部材の前記反対側の端部から前記円錐台形の区分内に所定の距離だけ 延びた第2の段状孔部と、前記第1の段状孔部と第2の段状孔部とを連通させた 第3の段状孔部とを有しており、 前記第2の段状孔部が前記第3の段状孔部よりも小さな直径を有しており、 該第3の段状孔部が、前記第1の段状孔部よりも小さな直径を有しており、 ばねを当て付けるために前記第1と第3との段状孔部の結合部に肩が形成さ れており、 前記第3の段状孔部に開口した、前記円錐台形面のエレメントに垂直な軸線 を備えた単一の付加的な貫通孔が設けられており、該貫通孔が、前記円錐台形区 分の面に周縁部を有しており、該周縁部の一部が、第2と第3との段状孔部の間 の結合部よりも軸線方向下方に位置しており、 これにより、燃料が燃料流入管から前記内部通路を通過し、前記第1の段状 孔部を通過して前記第2の段状孔部および前記可動子の前記付加的な貫通孔内を 通ってノズルへ流れるようになっている ことを特徴とする、電磁作動式燃料噴射装置のための可動子。 2.前記第2の段状孔部内に弁エレメントが位置して固定されており、該弁エレ メントが前記単一の貫通孔を妨げない、請求項1記載の電気作動式の燃料噴射装 置。 3.前記単一の付加的な貫通孔が、前記円錐台形面の軸線方向に延びた面の長さ とほぼ同じ直径を有している、請求項1記載の電気作動式の燃料噴射装置。 4.前記単一の付加的な貫通孔が、前記肩または前記可動子の前記第1の段状孔 部と交わらない、請求項3記載の電気作動式の燃料噴射装置。 5.前記単一の付加的な貫通孔が、前記可動子への前記入口に関して前記肩を越 えておりかつ燃料が可動子を通過するときに燃料流を著しく制限せずに方向だけ を変更するような直径を有している、請求項3記載の電気作動式の燃料噴射装置 。 6.前記肩と前記可動子の前記一方の端部との間の、前記延長した部材の部分が 、電磁コイルによって形成される磁束のための前記可動子を通る主要通路を提供 している、請求項1記載の電気作動式の燃料噴射装置。 7.ばね部材がヘリカルコイルばねから成っており、前記第1の段状孔部と前記 ばねとが、前記ばねの巻き条によって仕切られた燃料通路を形成するように、前 記第1の段状孔部が前記ばねを密な適合で前記第1の段状孔部に収容している、 請求項1記載の電気作動式の燃料噴射装置。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08/292,457 | 1994-08-18 | ||
| US08/292,457 US5494224A (en) | 1994-08-18 | 1994-08-18 | Flow area armature for fuel injector |
| PCT/US1995/010091 WO1996006275A1 (en) | 1994-08-18 | 1995-08-09 | Improved flow area armature for fuel injector |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH10504624A true JPH10504624A (ja) | 1998-05-06 |
| JP3625831B2 JP3625831B2 (ja) | 2005-03-02 |
Family
ID=23124760
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP50811696A Expired - Fee Related JP3625831B2 (ja) | 1994-08-18 | 1995-08-09 | 燃料噴射装置のための流域の改善された可動子 |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5494224A (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP0776418B1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP3625831B2 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR100363756B1 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN1080377C (ja) |
| BR (1) | BR9508619A (ja) |
| DE (1) | DE69505402T2 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO1996006275A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7740013B2 (en) | 2003-08-14 | 2010-06-22 | Teijin Pharma Limited | Oxygen concentrating apparatus and execution support method of home oxygen therapy using the same |
Families Citing this family (62)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4421429A1 (de) * | 1994-06-18 | 1995-12-21 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Elektromagnetisch betätigbares Brennstoffeinspritzventil |
| JPH08210217A (ja) * | 1995-02-03 | 1996-08-20 | Zexel Corp | 電磁式燃料噴射弁 |
| US5775600A (en) | 1996-07-31 | 1998-07-07 | Wildeson; Ray | Method and fuel injector enabling precision setting of valve lift |
| US6179227B1 (en) | 1997-02-06 | 2001-01-30 | Siemens Automotive Corporation | Pressure swirl generator for a fuel injector |
| US6886758B1 (en) * | 1997-02-06 | 2005-05-03 | Siemens Vdo Automotive Corp. | Fuel injector temperature stabilizing arrangement and method |
| US6257508B1 (en) | 1997-02-06 | 2001-07-10 | Siemens Automotive Corporation | Fuel injector having after-injection reduction arrangement |
| US5947380A (en) * | 1997-11-03 | 1999-09-07 | Caterpillar Inc. | Fuel injector utilizing flat-seat poppet valves |
| US6047907A (en) | 1997-12-23 | 2000-04-11 | Siemens Automotive Corporation | Ball valve fuel injector |
| WO1999061780A1 (en) * | 1998-05-27 | 1999-12-02 | Siemens Automotive Corporation | Contaminant tolerant compressed natural gas injector and method of directing gaseous fuel therethrough |
| KR20010043869A (ko) | 1998-05-27 | 2001-05-25 | 웰스 러셀 씨 | 저소음 밸브 니들을 구비한 압축 천연 가스 분사 장치 |
| US6508418B1 (en) | 1998-05-27 | 2003-01-21 | Siemens Automotive Corporation | Contaminant tolerant compressed natural gas injector and method of directing gaseous fuel therethrough |
| US6328231B1 (en) | 1998-05-27 | 2001-12-11 | Siemens Automotive Corporation | Compressed natural gas injector having improved low noise valve needle |
| US6003790A (en) * | 1998-10-14 | 1999-12-21 | Ford Global Technologies, Inc. | Pre-load mechanism having self-mounting coil spring |
| US20010002680A1 (en) | 1999-01-19 | 2001-06-07 | Philip A. Kummer | Modular two part fuel injector |
| US6279844B1 (en) | 1999-03-18 | 2001-08-28 | Siemens Automotive Corporation | Fuel injector having fault tolerant connection |
| US6502769B2 (en) | 1999-04-27 | 2003-01-07 | Siemens Automotive Corporation | Coating for a fuel injector seat |
| US6920690B1 (en) | 1999-04-27 | 2005-07-26 | Siemens Vdo Automotive Corp. | Method of manufacturing a fuel injector seat |
| US6089467A (en) | 1999-05-26 | 2000-07-18 | Siemens Automotive Corporation | Compressed natural gas injector with gaseous damping for armature needle assembly during opening |
| US6431474B2 (en) * | 1999-05-26 | 2002-08-13 | Siemens Automotive Corporation | Compressed natural gas fuel injector having magnetic pole face flux director |
| US6405947B2 (en) | 1999-08-10 | 2002-06-18 | Siemens Automotive Corporation | Gaseous fuel injector having low restriction seat for valve needle |
| US6422488B1 (en) | 1999-08-10 | 2002-07-23 | Siemens Automotive Corporation | Compressed natural gas injector having gaseous dampening for armature needle assembly during closing |
| US6257496B1 (en) | 1999-12-23 | 2001-07-10 | Siemens Automotive Corporation | Fuel injector having an integrated seat and swirl generator |
| US6202936B1 (en) | 1999-12-28 | 2001-03-20 | Siemens Automotive Corporation | Fuel injector having a flat disk swirl generator |
| US6328232B1 (en) * | 2000-01-19 | 2001-12-11 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Fuel injector spring force calibration tube with internally mounted fuel inlet filter |
| US6676044B2 (en) | 2000-04-07 | 2004-01-13 | Siemens Automotive Corporation | Modular fuel injector and method of assembling the modular fuel injector |
| US6799733B1 (en) | 2000-06-28 | 2004-10-05 | Siemens Automotive Corporation | Fuel injector having a modified seat for enhanced compressed natural gas jet mixing |
| US6360440B1 (en) * | 2000-09-13 | 2002-03-26 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Method for locating injector ball valve guide |
| US6481646B1 (en) | 2000-09-18 | 2002-11-19 | Siemens Automotive Corporation | Solenoid actuated fuel injector |
| US6511003B2 (en) | 2000-12-29 | 2003-01-28 | Siemens Automotive Corporation | Modular fuel injector having an integral or interchangeable inlet tube and having a terminal connector interconnecting an electromagnetic actuator with an electrical terminal |
| US6508417B2 (en) | 2000-12-29 | 2003-01-21 | Siemens Automotive Corporation | Modular fuel injector having a snap-on orifice disk retainer and having a lift set sleeve |
| US6536681B2 (en) | 2000-12-29 | 2003-03-25 | Siemens Automotive Corporation | Modular fuel injector having a surface treatment on an impact surface of an electromagnetic actuator and having an integral filter and O-ring retainer assembly |
| US6533188B1 (en) | 2000-12-29 | 2003-03-18 | Siemens Automotive Corporation | Modular fuel injector having a snap-on orifice disk retainer and having an integral filter and dynamic adjustment assembly |
| US6499668B2 (en) | 2000-12-29 | 2002-12-31 | Siemens Automotive Corporation | Modular fuel injector having a surface treatment on an impact surface of an electromagnetic actuator and having a terminal connector interconnecting an electromagnetic actuator with an electrical terminal |
| US6523756B2 (en) | 2000-12-29 | 2003-02-25 | Siemens Automotive Corporation | Modular fuel injector having a low mass, high efficiency electromagnetic actuator and having a lift set sleeve |
| US6520422B2 (en) | 2000-12-29 | 2003-02-18 | Siemens Automotive Corporation | Modular fuel injector having a low mass, high efficiency electromagnetic actuator and having a terminal connector interconnecting an electromagnetic actuator with an electrical terminal |
| US6811091B2 (en) | 2000-12-29 | 2004-11-02 | Siemens Automotive Corporation | Modular fuel injector having an integral filter and dynamic adjustment assembly |
| US6607143B2 (en) | 2000-12-29 | 2003-08-19 | Siemens Automotive Corporation | Modular fuel injector having a surface treatment on an impact surface of an electromagnetic actuator and having a lift set sleeve |
| US6568609B2 (en) | 2000-12-29 | 2003-05-27 | Siemens Automotive Corporation | Modular fuel injector having an integral or interchangeable inlet tube and having an integral filter and o-ring retainer assembly |
| US6502770B2 (en) | 2000-12-29 | 2003-01-07 | Siemens Automotive Corporation | Modular fuel injector having a snap-on orifice disk retainer and having a terminal connector interconnecting an electromagnetic actuator with an electrical terminal |
| US6523761B2 (en) | 2000-12-29 | 2003-02-25 | Siemens Automotive Corporation | Modular fuel injector having an integral or interchangeable inlet tube and having a lift set sleeve |
| US6695232B2 (en) | 2000-12-29 | 2004-02-24 | Siemens Automotive Corporation | Modular fuel injector having interchangeable armature assemblies and having a lift set sleeve |
| US6698664B2 (en) | 2000-12-29 | 2004-03-02 | Siemens Automotive Corporation | Modular fuel injector having an integral or interchangeable inlet tube and having an integral filter and dynamic adjustment assembly |
| US6523760B2 (en) | 2000-12-29 | 2003-02-25 | Siemens Automotive Corporation | Modular fuel injector having interchangeable armature assemblies and having a terminal connector interconnecting an electromagnetic actuator with an electrical terminal |
| US6708906B2 (en) * | 2000-12-29 | 2004-03-23 | Siemens Automotive Corporation | Modular fuel injector having a surface treatment on an impact surface of an electromagnetic actuator and having an integral filter and dynamic adjustment assembly |
| US6550690B2 (en) | 2000-12-29 | 2003-04-22 | Siemens Automotive Corporation | Modular fuel injector having interchangeable armature assemblies and having an integral filter and dynamic adjustment assembly |
| US6547154B2 (en) | 2000-12-29 | 2003-04-15 | Siemens Automotive Corporation | Modular fuel injector having a terminal connector interconnecting an electromagnetic actuator with a pre-bent electrical terminal |
| US6687997B2 (en) | 2001-03-30 | 2004-02-10 | Siemens Automotive Corporation | Method of fabricating and testing a modular fuel injector |
| US6676043B2 (en) | 2001-03-30 | 2004-01-13 | Siemens Automotive Corporation | Methods of setting armature lift in a modular fuel injector |
| US7093362B2 (en) | 2001-03-30 | 2006-08-22 | Siemens Vdo Automotive Corporation | Method of connecting components of a modular fuel injector |
| US6904668B2 (en) | 2001-03-30 | 2005-06-14 | Siemens Vdo Automotive Corp. | Method of manufacturing a modular fuel injector |
| US7762235B2 (en) | 2004-03-04 | 2010-07-27 | Continental Automotive Systems Us, Inc. | Acoustic noise reduction of a gaseous fuel injector |
| US7412972B2 (en) * | 2004-03-04 | 2008-08-19 | Continental Automotive Systems Us, Inc. | Dispersion-type suppressor for acoustic noise reduction of a gaseous fuel injector |
| JP2006066885A (ja) * | 2004-07-29 | 2006-03-09 | Denso Corp | 燃料噴射弁 |
| JP2006090266A (ja) * | 2004-09-27 | 2006-04-06 | Keihin Corp | 電磁式燃料噴射弁 |
| JP3955055B2 (ja) * | 2004-09-27 | 2007-08-08 | 株式会社ケーヒン | 電磁式燃料噴射弁 |
| US7703709B2 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2010-04-27 | Keihin Corporation | Electromagnetic fuel injection valve |
| US7481381B2 (en) * | 2006-06-30 | 2009-01-27 | Continental Automotive Systems Us, Inc. | Fuel injector having an external cross-flow nozzle for enhanced compressed natural gas jet spray |
| US20080041343A1 (en) | 2006-07-06 | 2008-02-21 | Parish James R Jr | Fuel injection system with cross-flow nozzle for enhanced compressed natural gas jet spray |
| US9920725B2 (en) * | 2014-05-16 | 2018-03-20 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Fuel injection valve |
| DE102015226769A1 (de) * | 2015-12-29 | 2017-06-29 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Brennstoffeinspritzventil |
| US10859051B2 (en) | 2018-06-12 | 2020-12-08 | Delphi Technologies Ip Limited | Fuel injector with combined calibration tube, fuel filter, and pressure pulsation damping orifice |
| US12049858B1 (en) | 2023-03-02 | 2024-07-30 | Caterpillar Inc. | Fuel system having fuel injector boot assembly configured with grasping protrusion |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IT1152503B (it) * | 1982-08-18 | 1987-01-07 | Alfa Romeo Spa | Elettroiniettore per un motore a c.i. |
| DE3314900A1 (de) * | 1983-04-25 | 1984-10-25 | Gerhard Dipl.-Ing. 4630 Bochum Mesenich | Elektromagnet fuer ventile |
| GB8429312D0 (en) * | 1984-11-20 | 1984-12-27 | Gen Dispensing Syst | Fluid flow control valve |
| DE3445405A1 (de) * | 1984-12-13 | 1986-06-19 | Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart | Elektromagnetisch betaetigbares ventil |
| US4610080A (en) * | 1985-07-29 | 1986-09-09 | Allied Corporation | Method for controlling fuel injector lift |
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| US5174505A (en) * | 1991-11-01 | 1992-12-29 | Siemens Automotive L.P. | Air assist atomizer for fuel injector |
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-
1994
- 1994-08-18 US US08/292,457 patent/US5494224A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1995
- 1995-08-09 EP EP95930129A patent/EP0776418B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-08-09 CN CN95194650A patent/CN1080377C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-08-09 WO PCT/US1995/010091 patent/WO1996006275A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1995-08-09 BR BR9508619A patent/BR9508619A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-08-09 DE DE69505402T patent/DE69505402T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-08-09 JP JP50811696A patent/JP3625831B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-08-09 KR KR1019970701046A patent/KR100363756B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7740013B2 (en) | 2003-08-14 | 2010-06-22 | Teijin Pharma Limited | Oxygen concentrating apparatus and execution support method of home oxygen therapy using the same |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO1996006275A1 (en) | 1996-02-29 |
| US5494224A (en) | 1996-02-27 |
| JP3625831B2 (ja) | 2005-03-02 |
| EP0776418A1 (en) | 1997-06-04 |
| BR9508619A (pt) | 1997-11-25 |
| CN1080377C (zh) | 2002-03-06 |
| KR100363756B1 (ko) | 2003-02-19 |
| EP0776418B1 (en) | 1998-10-14 |
| KR970705701A (ko) | 1997-10-09 |
| DE69505402T2 (de) | 1999-03-25 |
| DE69505402D1 (de) | 1998-11-19 |
| CN1155320A (zh) | 1997-07-23 |
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