JPH10509663A - カートンボトムシール - Google Patents
カートンボトムシールInfo
- Publication number
- JPH10509663A JPH10509663A JP8512153A JP51215396A JPH10509663A JP H10509663 A JPH10509663 A JP H10509663A JP 8512153 A JP8512153 A JP 8512153A JP 51215396 A JP51215396 A JP 51215396A JP H10509663 A JPH10509663 A JP H10509663A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- seal
- gable
- forming
- fin
- base
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
- B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
- B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
- B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/343—Making tension-free or wrinkle-free joints
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
- B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
- B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
- B29C66/431—Joining the articles to themselves
- B29C66/4312—Joining the articles to themselves for making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles, e.g. transversal seams
- B29C66/43121—Closing the ends of tubular or hollow single articles, e.g. closing the ends of bags
- B29C66/43122—Closing the top of gable top containers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
- B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
- B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
- B29C66/81427—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single ridge, e.g. for making a weakening line; comprising a single tooth
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
- B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
- B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
- B29C66/81431—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single cavity, e.g. a groove
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B50/00—Making rigid or semi-rigid containers, e.g. boxes or cartons
- B31B50/60—Uniting opposed surfaces or edges; Taping
- B31B50/64—Uniting opposed surfaces or edges; Taping by applying heat or pressure, e.g. by welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
- B65B51/00—Devices for, or methods of, sealing or securing package folds or closures; Devices for gathering or twisting wrappers, or necks of bags
- B65B51/10—Applying or generating heat or pressure or combinations thereof
- B65B51/14—Applying or generating heat or pressure or combinations thereof by reciprocating or oscillating members
- B65B51/144—Closing paperboard containers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D5/00—Rigid or semi-rigid containers of polygonal cross-section, e.g. boxes, cartons or trays, formed by folding or erecting one or more blanks made of paper
- B65D5/02—Rigid or semi-rigid containers of polygonal cross-section, e.g. boxes, cartons or trays, formed by folding or erecting one or more blanks made of paper by folding or erecting a single blank to form a tubular body with or without subsequent folding operations, or the addition of separate elements, to close the ends of the body
- B65D5/06—Rigid or semi-rigid containers of polygonal cross-section, e.g. boxes, cartons or trays, formed by folding or erecting one or more blanks made of paper by folding or erecting a single blank to form a tubular body with or without subsequent folding operations, or the addition of separate elements, to close the ends of the body with end-closing or contents-supporting elements formed by folding inwardly a wall extending from, and continuously around, an end of the tubular body
- B65D5/067—Gable-top containers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
- B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
- B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
- B29C66/83221—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis cooperating reciprocating tools, each tool reciprocating along one axis
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/712—Containers; Packaging elements or accessories, Packages
- B29L2031/7162—Boxes, cartons, cases
- B29L2031/7166—Cartons of the fruit juice or milk type, i.e. containers of polygonal cross sections formed by folding blanks into a tubular body with end-closing or contents-supporting elements, e.g. gable type containers
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Cartons (AREA)
- Package Closures (AREA)
- Making Paper Articles (AREA)
- Packages (AREA)
- Closing Of Containers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (1)
- 【特許請求の範囲】 1.切妻状トップ部分と、 切妻状ボトム部分と、 切妻状ボトム部分から延び且つ外方エッジを有するボトムフィンと、 ボトムフィン上にあって切妻状ボトム部分と外方エッジとの間の位置でボトム フィンに沿って長く延びる端部側のシールと、 ボトムフィン上にあって切妻状ボトム部分と端部側のシールとの間の位置でボ トムフィンに沿って長く延びる基部側のシールと、 基部側のシールの中央部分に設けられたレリーフ領域とを備えた切妻状カート ン。 2.端部側のシール及び基部側のシールはボトムフィンの全長に沿って長く延 びる請求項1に記載の切妻状カートン。 3.基部側のシールは端部側のシールよりも浅い請求項1に記載の切妻状カー トン。 4.レリーフ領域は基部側のシールの中心にある請求項1に記載の切妻状カー トン。 5.レリーフ領域は基部側のシールの上及び下に延びる請求項1に記載の切妻 状カートン。 6.容器のボトムフィンをシールするための装置であって、 ほぼ平坦な表面を有する第1のジョーと、 第1のジョーと対向して配置され、ほぼ平坦な表面を有する第2のジョーと、 該第2のジョーは長く且つ互いに平行に該2のジョーの平坦な表面から突出する 複数の突出部を有し、 該第2のジョーの複数の突出部の一つの中央部分に設けられた凹部領域とを備 えた容器のボトムフィンをシールするための装置。 7.該複数の突出部はボトムフィンの端部側のシールを形成する のに適した第1の突出部からなる請求項6に記載の容器のボトムフィンをシール するための装置。 8.該複数の突出部はボトムフィンの基部側のシールを形成するのに適した第 2の突出部をさらに含む請求項7に記載の容器のボトムフィンをシールするため の装置。 9.該凹部領域は第2の突出部の中心にある請求項8に記載の容器のボトムフ ィンをシールするための装置。 10.該凹部領域は第2の突出部内に延びる請求項8に記載の容器のボトムフ ィンをシールするための装置。 11.該凹部領域は平坦な表面内に延びる請求項8に記載の容器のボトムフィ ンをシールするための装置。 12.ボトムフィンが延びる切妻状ボトム部分を有する切妻状カートンのボト ムフィンをシールするための方法であって、 端部側のシールを形成し、 基部側のシールを形成し、 レリーフ領域を形成することを特徴とする方法。 13.端部側のシールを形成するステップは、切妻状ボトム部分と外方エッジ との間でボトムフィンに沿って長く延びるシールを形成することをさらに含む請 求項12に記載の方法。 14.基部側のシールを形成するステップは、切妻状ボトム部分と端部側のシ ールとの間でボトムフィンに沿って長く延びるシールを形成することをさらに含 む請求項12に記載の方法。 15.レリーフ領域を形成するステップは、端部側のシールの中央部分に請求 項12に記載の方法。 16.基部側のシールを形成するステップ、基部側のシールを形成するステッ プ、及びレリーフ領域を形成するステップは、実質的に同時に実施される請求項 12に記載の方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08/317,503 | 1994-10-04 | ||
| US08/317,503 US5713181A (en) | 1994-10-04 | 1994-10-04 | Carton bottom seal |
| PCT/US1995/012977 WO1996010479A1 (en) | 1994-10-04 | 1995-10-04 | Carton bottom seal |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH10509663A true JPH10509663A (ja) | 1998-09-22 |
| JP3795919B2 JP3795919B2 (ja) | 2006-07-12 |
Family
ID=23233942
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP51215396A Expired - Fee Related JP3795919B2 (ja) | 1994-10-04 | 1995-10-04 | カートンボトムシール |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5713181A (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP0805748B1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP3795919B2 (ja) |
| AU (1) | AU695494B2 (ja) |
| BR (1) | BR9509234A (ja) |
| CA (1) | CA2201705A1 (ja) |
| DE (1) | DE69526678T2 (ja) |
| FI (1) | FI971424A7 (ja) |
| NO (1) | NO315739B1 (ja) |
| RU (1) | RU2136555C1 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO1996010479A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011011754A (ja) * | 2009-06-30 | 2011-01-20 | Dainippon Printing Co Ltd | 紙製容器および紙製容器組合体 |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5890347A (en) * | 1997-10-06 | 1999-04-06 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance Sa | Method and apparatus for sealing a gabled container |
| JPH11240514A (ja) * | 1998-02-26 | 1999-09-07 | Nihon Tetrapak Kk | 包装容器のシール装置 |
| US6502372B1 (en) * | 1998-02-26 | 2003-01-07 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance, Sa | Apparatus for sealing packaging containers |
| US6260333B1 (en) * | 1999-10-19 | 2001-07-17 | Sharon Manufacturing Co., Inc. | Pressure pad for a container bottom sealing device |
| US6315705B1 (en) * | 1999-10-20 | 2001-11-13 | International Paper Company | Pressure pad having sculpted quadrantal regions |
| SE521346C2 (sv) * | 2000-10-09 | 2003-10-21 | Foerpacknings Ab Nord Emballag | Återförslutbar förpackning för torra livsmedel |
| GB0617030D0 (en) * | 2006-08-30 | 2006-10-11 | Elopak Systems | Improvements in or relating to packaging |
| CN105745155B (zh) * | 2013-11-26 | 2019-11-08 | 卡夫食品研究和开发股份有限公司 | 包装体和包装体坯件 |
| DE102019132429A1 (de) * | 2019-11-29 | 2021-06-02 | Sig Technology Ag | Flächenförmiges Verbundmaterial, Packungsmantel und Packung mit Entlastungspaneelen |
| MX2023006080A (es) * | 2020-12-02 | 2023-06-06 | Nestle Sa | Sellado a presion de multiples etapas de sustratos metalizados. |
Family Cites Families (21)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3468731A (en) * | 1966-07-01 | 1969-09-23 | Branson Instr | Method and apparatus for sonically sealing the end portion of thermoplastic tubular containers |
| US3654862A (en) * | 1970-07-31 | 1972-04-11 | Farrington Business Mach | Traveling cylinder printer with platen movement responsive document clamping means |
| SE361857B (ja) * | 1971-03-25 | 1973-11-19 | Tetra Pak Int | |
| US4184624A (en) * | 1974-12-10 | 1980-01-22 | Ampco Foods Inc. | Flattenable top for gable top containers |
| US4279675A (en) * | 1977-03-22 | 1981-07-21 | Ex-Cell-O Corporation | Method and apparatus for packaging |
| DE2812137C2 (de) * | 1978-03-20 | 1985-06-27 | Jagenberg-Werke AG, 4000 Düsseldorf | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines Stegnahtverschlusses an einer insbesondere einen Giebel aufweisenden Faltschachtel aus mit thermoplastischem Kunststoff beschichtetem Kartonmaterial durch Ultraschallschweißen |
| US4403465A (en) * | 1980-05-02 | 1983-09-13 | Nimco Corporation | Method and device for closing and sealing gable shaped folding cartons |
| DE3113044C2 (de) * | 1981-04-01 | 1984-12-06 | Papier-und Kunststoff-Werke Linnich GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf | Flüssigkeitsdichte Faltpackung |
| NO158212C (no) * | 1981-05-11 | 1988-08-03 | Elopak Ltd | Emne for fremstilling av emballasje i form av en sadeltakformet kartongbeholder med helletut, emballasje utfoert av emnet samt fremgangsmaate ved fremstilling av emballasjen. |
| SE449082B (sv) * | 1981-08-27 | 1987-04-06 | Tetra Pak Int | Forpackningsbehallaremne, sett att tillverka detsamma samt av emnet framstelld forpackningsbehallare |
| AR243127A1 (es) * | 1984-12-19 | 1993-07-30 | Tetra Pak Internat Ab | Envase de carton revestido de un termoplastico y dispositivo para su fabricacion. |
| US4603535A (en) * | 1985-05-28 | 1986-08-05 | Container Development Company | Portable sealing device |
| GB8525028D0 (en) * | 1985-10-10 | 1985-11-13 | Elopak As | Sealing of container closures |
| CA1291092C (en) * | 1988-03-11 | 1991-10-22 | Donald A. Poole | Easy opening gable top carton |
| US5321930A (en) * | 1988-10-24 | 1994-06-21 | Fbi Brands Ltd. | Die for manufacturing a shelf-stable cable top carton |
| US5083702A (en) * | 1990-03-22 | 1992-01-28 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Gable-top container and method and apparatus for construction thereof |
| US5135463A (en) * | 1991-03-11 | 1992-08-04 | Champion International Corporation | Bottom pressure pad for gable carton forming apparatus |
| DE69209398T2 (de) * | 1991-08-01 | 1996-08-14 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance | Kartons mit balgförmigem Oberteil |
| US5214905A (en) * | 1991-09-13 | 1993-06-01 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Method and apparatus for sealing a gable-top container |
| US5255494A (en) * | 1991-12-10 | 1993-10-26 | Tetra Alfa Holdings S.A. | Method and apparatus for forming carton opening arrangement, and cartons made thereby |
| GB2266266B (en) * | 1992-04-24 | 1996-01-17 | Tetra Alfa Holdings | Heat sealing of carton blanks in constructing or closing cartons |
-
1994
- 1994-10-04 US US08/317,503 patent/US5713181A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1995
- 1995-10-04 AU AU39524/95A patent/AU695494B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1995-10-04 DE DE69526678T patent/DE69526678T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-10-04 RU RU97108278A patent/RU2136555C1/ru active
- 1995-10-04 BR BR9509234A patent/BR9509234A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1995-10-04 WO PCT/US1995/012977 patent/WO1996010479A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1995-10-04 CA CA002201705A patent/CA2201705A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1995-10-04 EP EP95937402A patent/EP0805748B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-10-04 JP JP51215396A patent/JP3795919B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1997
- 1997-04-04 FI FI971424A patent/FI971424A7/fi unknown
- 1997-04-04 NO NO19971552A patent/NO315739B1/no unknown
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011011754A (ja) * | 2009-06-30 | 2011-01-20 | Dainippon Printing Co Ltd | 紙製容器および紙製容器組合体 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NO971552D0 (no) | 1997-04-04 |
| AU3952495A (en) | 1996-04-26 |
| MX9702477A (es) | 1997-07-31 |
| NO971552L (no) | 1997-05-23 |
| EP0805748A4 (en) | 1999-02-03 |
| JP3795919B2 (ja) | 2006-07-12 |
| FI971424A7 (fi) | 1997-06-03 |
| BR9509234A (pt) | 1997-10-21 |
| FI971424A0 (fi) | 1997-04-04 |
| DE69526678T2 (de) | 2003-03-20 |
| AU695494B2 (en) | 1998-08-13 |
| EP0805748A1 (en) | 1997-11-12 |
| EP0805748B1 (en) | 2002-05-08 |
| US5713181A (en) | 1998-02-03 |
| WO1996010479A1 (en) | 1996-04-11 |
| DE69526678D1 (de) | 2002-06-13 |
| CA2201705A1 (en) | 1996-04-11 |
| NO315739B1 (no) | 2003-10-20 |
| RU2136555C1 (ru) | 1999-09-10 |
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