JPH10510862A - 改質されたカーボン生産品を含むインク噴射式のインク配合物 - Google Patents
改質されたカーボン生産品を含むインク噴射式のインク配合物Info
- Publication number
- JPH10510862A JPH10510862A JP8519240A JP51924096A JPH10510862A JP H10510862 A JPH10510862 A JP H10510862A JP 8519240 A JP8519240 A JP 8519240A JP 51924096 A JP51924096 A JP 51924096A JP H10510862 A JPH10510862 A JP H10510862A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- group
- carbon
- ink
- ionic
- water
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 title description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 125000003010 ionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000007641 inkjet printing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000008135 aqueous vehicle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 125000004400 (C1-C12) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 106
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims description 101
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- -1 penetrants Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003906 humectant Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003139 biocide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical group OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910021397 glassy carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 5
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxyethanol Chemical compound CCOCCO ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001414 amino alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropylene glycol Chemical compound OCCCOCCCO SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940124530 sulfonamide Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003462 sulfoxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- CCIVGXIOQKPBKL-UHFFFAOYSA-M ethanesulfonate Chemical compound CCS([O-])(=O)=O CCIVGXIOQKPBKL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003456 sulfonamides Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000976 ink Substances 0.000 description 149
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 103
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 35
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 33
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 31
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 29
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 23
- HVBSAKJJOYLTQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-aminobenzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 HVBSAKJJOYLTQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 20
- ZUROCNHARMFRKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5-dibromo-1h-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(Br)=C(Br)N1 ZUROCNHARMFRKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 101100431668 Homo sapiens YBX3 gene Proteins 0.000 description 19
- 102100022221 Y-box-binding protein 3 Human genes 0.000 description 19
- 239000012954 diazonium Substances 0.000 description 19
- 150000001989 diazonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 18
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 15
- 241000872198 Serjania polyphylla Species 0.000 description 13
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 11
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229950000244 sulfanilic acid Drugs 0.000 description 10
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 9
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 7
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver nitrate Substances [Ag+].[O-]N(=O)=O SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 4
- GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001961 silver nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- HJHALJQBMKSLIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(4-aminophenyl)-2-pyridin-1-ium-1-ylethanone;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=CC(N)=CC=C1C(=O)C[N+]1=CC=CC=C1 HJHALJQBMKSLIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAYXUHPQHDHDDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol Chemical compound CCCCOCCOCCO OAYXUHPQHDHDDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ALYNCZNDIQEVRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-aminobenzoic acid Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 ALYNCZNDIQEVRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Cetrimonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000004909 Moisturizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000800 acrylic rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- RWZYAGGXGHYGMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthranilic acid Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O RWZYAGGXGHYGMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001333 moisturizer Effects 0.000 description 2
- HFCBTXZMJPSHGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(1-phenacylpyridin-1-ium-2-yl)acetamide;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CC(=O)NC1=CC=CC=[N+]1CC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 HFCBTXZMJPSHGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000005496 phosphonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- OIWWVDWGHIVFNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl-[(3-nitrophenyl)methyl]azanium;nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O.C[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1 OIWWVDWGHIVFNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
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- WSWCOQWTEOXDQX-MQQKCMAXSA-M (E,E)-sorbate Chemical class C\C=C\C=C\C([O-])=O WSWCOQWTEOXDQX-MQQKCMAXSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- CXKPXUVTFKBBFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(4-aminophenyl)-2-pyridin-1-ium-1-ylethanone;chloride;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.[Cl-].C1=CC(N)=CC=C1C(=O)C[N+]1=CC=CC=C1 CXKPXUVTFKBBFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WZQVBRSAMPJBQE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 1-ethylpyridin-1-ium-3-amine;bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CC[N+]1=CC=CC(N)=C1 WZQVBRSAMPJBQE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- IGGDKDTUCAWDAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-vinylnaphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C=C)=CC=CC2=C1 IGGDKDTUCAWDAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VMMDOCYDNRLESP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4'-(chloroacetyl)acetanilide Chemical compound CC(=O)NC1=CC=C(C(=O)CCl)C=C1 VMMDOCYDNRLESP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MCJGOGUUDJHLPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 4-pyridin-1-ium-1-ylaniline;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=CC(N)=CC=C1[N+]1=CC=CC=C1 MCJGOGUUDJHLPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- UEUIKXVPXLWUDU-UHFFFAOYSA-O 4-sulfobenzenediazonium Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C([N+]#N)C=C1 UEUIKXVPXLWUDU-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- YUUDLHZAWCQVDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-sulfobenzenediazonium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C([N+]#N)C=C1 YUUDLHZAWCQVDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002126 Acrylic acid copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 229930194542 Keto Natural products 0.000 description 1
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- SXIRBVAZYKJHBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2-(4-aminophenyl)-2-oxoethyl]-trimethylazanium;chloride;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.[Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CC(=O)C1=CC=C(N)C=C1 SXIRBVAZYKJHBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical group C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PTIUDKQYXMFYAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylammonium nitrate Chemical compound NC.O[N+]([O-])=O PTIUDKQYXMFYAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium benzoate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 159000000001 potassium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010526 radical polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- JWHOQZUREKYPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N rubonic acid Natural products CC1(C)CCC2(CCC3(C)C(=CCC4C5(C)CCC(=O)C(C)(C)C5CC(=O)C34C)C2C1)C(=O)O JWHOQZUREKYPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UGJCNRLBGKEGEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium-binding benzofuran isophthalate Chemical compound COC1=CC=2C=C(C=3C(=CC(=CC=3)C(O)=O)C(O)=O)OC=2C=C1N(CCOCC1)CCOCCOCCN1C(C(=CC=1C=2)OC)=CC=1OC=2C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1C(O)=O UGJCNRLBGKEGEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012798 spherical particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001909 styrene-acrylic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- FDDDEECHVMSUSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanilamide Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(S(N)(=O)=O)C=C1 FDDDEECHVMSUSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfate group Chemical group S(=O)(=O)([O-])[O-] QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002435 tendon Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004034 viscosity adjusting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/30—Inkjet printing inks
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/30—Inkjet printing inks
- C09D11/32—Inkjet printing inks characterised by colouring agents
- C09D11/324—Inkjet printing inks characterised by colouring agents containing carbon black
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
- B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
- B41J2/01—Ink jet
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
- B41M1/00—Inking and printing with a printer's forme
- B41M1/06—Lithographic printing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/44—Carbon
- C09C1/46—Graphite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/44—Carbon
- C09C1/48—Carbon black
- C09C1/56—Treatment of carbon black ; Purification
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/02—Printing inks
- C09D11/03—Printing inks characterised by features other than the chemical nature of the binder
- C09D11/037—Printing inks characterised by features other than the chemical nature of the binder characterised by the pigment
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F11/00—Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture
- D01F11/10—Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture of carbon
- D01F11/14—Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture of carbon with organic compounds, e.g. macromolecular compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/01—Particle morphology depicted by an image
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/12—Surface area
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/14—Pore volume
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Inks, Pencil-Leads, Or Crayons (AREA)
- Pigments, Carbon Blacks, Or Wood Stains (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (1)
- 【特許請求の範囲】 1.水系ビヒクルと、少なくとも1種の有機基が結合した炭素を有する改質カ ーボン生産品を含む水系インク噴射用インク組成物であって、その有機基は、a )少なくとも1種の芳香族基、及びb)少なくとも1種のイオン基、少なくとも 1種のイオン性基、又はイオン基とイオン性基の組み合わせを含み、有機基のそ の少なくとも1種の芳香族基が炭素に直接結合した、水系インク噴射用インク組 成物。 2.改質カーボン生産品が、インク噴射用インクの20重量%以下の量で存在す る請求項1に記載の組成物。 3.水系ビヒクルが水である請求項1に記載の組成物。 4.水系ビヒクルが水と水混和性溶媒である請求項1に記載の組成物。 5.さらに保湿剤を含む請求項1に記載の組成物。 6.保湿剤が、エチレングリコール、ジエチレングリコール、プロピレングリ コール、グリセリン、ジプロピレングリコール、ポリエチレングリコール、ポリ プロピレングリコール、アミド、エーテル、カルボン酸、エステル、アルコール 、有機スルフィド、有機スルホキシド、スルホン、アルコール誘導体、カルビト ール、ブチルカルビトール、セロソルブ、エーテル誘導体、アミノアルコール、 及びケトンからなる群より選択された少なくとも1種の化合物である請求項5に 記載の組成物。 7.さらにバインダーを含む請求項1に記載の組成物。 8.さらに染料を含む請求項1に記載の組成物。 9.保湿剤、バインダー、染料、殺生剤、浸透剤、及び界面活性剤からなる群 より選択された少なくとも2種の添加剤をさらに含む 請求項1に記載の組成物。 10.イオン基又はイオン性基がカルボン酸又はその塩である請求項1に記載の 組成物。 11.イオン基又はイオン性基がスルホン酸又はその塩である請求項1に記載の 組成物。 12.有機基がスルホフェニル基又はその塩である請求項1に記載の組成物。 13.有機基がp−スルホフェニル又はその塩である請求項1に記載の組成物。 14.有機基がp-C6H4SO3Naである請求項1に記載の組成物。 15.有機基がカルボキシフェニル基又はその塩である請求項1に記載の組成物 。 16.イオン基又はイオン性基が第四アンモニウム塩である請求項1に記載の組 成物。 17.イオン基又はイオン性基がスルホンアミド又はその塩である請求項1に記 載の組成物。 18.イオン基又はイオン性基が式SO2NHCORを有する又はその塩であり、RはC1 〜C20のアルキル基又はフェニル基である請求項1に記載の組成物。 19.有機基が式p-C6H4SO2NH2を有する請求項1に記載の組成物。 20.カーボンが、カーボンブラック、グラファイト、ガラス質カーボン、微粉 砕カーボン、活性木炭、活性炭、又はこれらの組み合わせである請求項1に記載 の組成物。 21.カーボンがカーボンブラックである請求項20に記載の組成物。 22.水系ビヒクルと、少なくとも1種の有機基が結合した炭素を 有する改質カーボン生産品を含む水系インク噴射用インク組成物であって、その 有機基は、a)少なくとも1種のC1〜C12アルキル基、及びb)少なくとも1 種のイオン基、少なくとも1種のイオン性基、又はイオン基とイオン性基の組み 合わせを含み、有機基のその少なくとも1種のアルキル基が炭素に直接結合した 、水系インク噴射用インク組成物。 23.イオン基又はイオン性基がエタンスルホン酸又はその塩である請求項22に 記載の組成物。 24.保湿剤、バインダー、染料、殺生剤、浸透剤、及び界面活性剤からなる群 より選択された少なくとも2種の添加剤をさらに含む請求項22に記載の組成物。 25.カーボンが、カーボンブラック、グラファイト、ガラス質カーボン、微粉 砕カーボン、活性木炭、活性炭、又はこれらの組み合わせである請求項22に記載 の組成物。 26.カーボンがカーボンブラックである請求項25に記載の組成物。 27.インク噴射操作ヘッドのオリフィスから吐出された記録媒体のインク液滴 を施す工程を含むインク噴射記録法であって、そのインク組成物は、水系ビヒク ルと、少なくとも1種の有機基が結合した炭素を有する改質カーボン生産品を含 み、その有機基は、a)少なくとも1種の芳香族基、及びb)少なくとも1種の イオン基、少なくとも1種のイオン性基、又はイオン基とイオン性基の組み合わ せを含み、有機基のその少なくとも1種の芳香族基が炭素に直接結合した、イン ク噴射用記録方法。 28.インクが、保湿剤、バインダー、染料、殺生剤、浸透剤、及び界面活性剤 からなる群より選択された少なくとも2種の添加剤をさらに含む請求項27に記載 の方法。 29.カーボンが、カーボンブラック、グラファイト、ガラス質カーボン、微粉 砕カーボン、活性木炭、活性炭、又はこれらの組み合わせである請求項27に記載 の方法。 30.インク噴射操作ヘッドのオリフィスから吐出された記録媒体のインク液滴 を施す工程を含むインク噴射記録法であって、そのインク組成物は、水系ビヒク ルと、少なくとも1種の有機基が結合した炭素を有する改質カーボン生産品を含 み、その有機基は、a)少なくとも1種のC1〜C12アルキル基、及びb)少な くとも1種のイオン基、少なくとも1種のイオン性基、又はイオン基とイオン性 基の組み合わせを含み、有機基のその少なくとも1種のアルキル基が炭素に直接 結合した、インク噴射用記録方法。 31.インクが、保湿剤、バインダー、染料、殺生剤、浸透剤、及び界面活性剤 からなる群より選択された少なくとも2種の添加剤をさらに含む請求項30に記載 の方法。 32.カーボンが、カーボンブラック、グラファイト、ガラス質カーボン、微粉 砕カーボン、活性木炭、活性炭、又はこれらの組み合わせである請求項30に記載 の方法。 33.少なくとも1種の有機基が結合した炭素を有する改質カーボン生産品を水 系インク噴射用インクに混和する工程を含む、水系インク噴射インクの光学濃度 を高める方法であって、その有機基はa)少なくとも1種の芳香族基、及びb) 少なくとも1種のイオン基、少なくとも1種のイオン性基、又はイオン基とイオ ン性基の組み合わせを含み、有機基のその少なくとも1種の芳香族基が炭素に直 接結合した、インク噴射インクの光学濃度を高める方法。 34.少なくとも1種の有機基が結合した炭素を有する改質カーボン生産品を水 系インク噴射用インクに混和する工程を含む、水系インク噴射インクの光学濃度 を高める方法であって、その有機基はa )少なくとも1種のC1〜C12アルキル基、及びb)少なくとも1種のイオン基 、少なくとも1種のイオン性基、又はイオン基とイオン性基の組み合わせを含み 、有機基のその少なくとも1種のアルキル基が炭素に直接結合した、インク噴射 インクの光学濃度を高める方法。 35.その有機基が3-C5H4N(C2H5)+、C6H4NC5H5 +、C6H4COCH2N(CH3)3 +、C6H4COC H2(NC5H5)+、C6H4CH2N(CH3)3 +、又は3-C5H4N(CH3)+からなる群より選択された請 求項16に記載の組成物。 36.改質カーボン生産品が、1μm以下のサイズを有する請求項1に記載の組 成物。
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08/356,460 US5571311A (en) | 1994-12-15 | 1994-12-15 | Ink jet ink formulations containing carbon black products |
| US08/356,653 US5554739A (en) | 1994-12-15 | 1994-12-15 | Process for preparing carbon materials with diazonium salts and resultant carbon products |
| US08/356,460 | 1994-12-15 | ||
| US08/356,653 | 1994-12-15 | ||
| PCT/US1995/016195 WO1996018695A1 (en) | 1994-12-15 | 1995-12-14 | Ink jet ink formulations containing modified carbon products |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH10510862A true JPH10510862A (ja) | 1998-10-20 |
| JP3510897B2 JP3510897B2 (ja) | 2004-03-29 |
Family
ID=26999226
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP51924096A Expired - Lifetime JP3510897B2 (ja) | 1994-12-15 | 1995-12-14 | 改質されたカーボン生産品を含むインク噴射式のインク配合物 |
Country Status (20)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5630868A (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP0797636B1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP3510897B2 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR100406457B1 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN1064696C (ja) |
| AR (1) | AR000348A1 (ja) |
| AU (1) | AU4378596A (ja) |
| BR (1) | BR9509137A (ja) |
| CO (1) | CO4440667A1 (ja) |
| DE (1) | DE69516721T2 (ja) |
| EG (1) | EG21107A (ja) |
| HU (1) | HUT77797A (ja) |
| IL (1) | IL116376A (ja) |
| PE (1) | PE62196A1 (ja) |
| PH (1) | PH32041A (ja) |
| TR (1) | TR199501575A2 (ja) |
| TW (1) | TW364001B (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO1996018695A1 (ja) |
| YU (1) | YU76695A (ja) |
| ZA (1) | ZA9510667B (ja) |
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| US6547381B2 (en) | 2000-06-23 | 2003-04-15 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Ink, image recording process, ink cartridge, recording unit, ink set, crust-preventing method and image forming apparatus |
| US6572692B1 (en) | 1999-03-15 | 2003-06-03 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Ink, method for improving intermittent dischargeability of ink-jet recording apparatus, method for recording image, recording unit, ink cartridge, ink set, and image recording apparatus |
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| JP2004531591A (ja) * | 2001-02-02 | 2004-10-14 | キャボット コーポレイション | 多価イオンを有する塩を含むインク用組成物 |
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| JP2011116851A (ja) * | 2009-12-02 | 2011-06-16 | Canon Inc | インクジェット記録用インクセット及びインクジェット記録方法 |
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| US5310778A (en) | 1992-08-25 | 1994-05-10 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Process for preparing ink jet inks having improved properties |
| US5356973A (en) | 1992-08-31 | 1994-10-18 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Aqueous based coating compositions having improved metallic pigment orientation |
| US5334650A (en) | 1992-09-29 | 1994-08-02 | Basf Corporation | Polyurethane coating composition derived from long-chain aliphatic polyol |
| US5324790A (en) | 1992-09-29 | 1994-06-28 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Esterification of carboxylate containing polymers |
| US5272189A (en) | 1992-10-19 | 1993-12-21 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Reduced yellowing electrodepositable coating composition |
| US5352289A (en) | 1992-12-18 | 1994-10-04 | Cabot Corporation | Low ash carbon blacks |
| US5302197A (en) | 1992-12-30 | 1994-04-12 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Ink jet inks |
| US5401313A (en) | 1993-02-10 | 1995-03-28 | Harcros Pigments, Inc. | Surface modified particles and method of making the same |
| JP3375390B2 (ja) * | 1993-10-01 | 2003-02-10 | 横浜ゴム株式会社 | タイヤトレッド用ゴム組成物 |
| US5366828A (en) | 1993-11-08 | 1994-11-22 | Struthers Ralph C | Metal alloy laded carbon aerogel hydrogen hydride battery |
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1995
- 1995-12-13 IL IL11637695A patent/IL116376A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-12-14 US US08/572,545 patent/US5630868A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-12-14 CN CN95195684A patent/CN1064696C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-12-14 TR TR95/01575A patent/TR199501575A2/xx unknown
- 1995-12-14 CO CO95059231A patent/CO4440667A1/es unknown
- 1995-12-14 AU AU43785/96A patent/AU4378596A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1995-12-14 ZA ZA9510667A patent/ZA9510667B/xx unknown
- 1995-12-14 JP JP51924096A patent/JP3510897B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-12-14 BR BR9509137A patent/BR9509137A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1995-12-14 EG EG102695A patent/EG21107A/xx active
- 1995-12-14 EP EP95942620A patent/EP0797636B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-12-14 AR AR33462095A patent/AR000348A1/es unknown
- 1995-12-14 PH PH51932A patent/PH32041A/en unknown
- 1995-12-14 TW TW84113338A patent/TW364001B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-12-14 DE DE69516721T patent/DE69516721T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-12-14 KR KR1019970702013A patent/KR100406457B1/ko not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-12-14 YU YU76695A patent/YU76695A/sh unknown
- 1995-12-14 HU HU9800949A patent/HUT77797A/hu unknown
- 1995-12-14 WO PCT/US1995/016195 patent/WO1996018695A1/en not_active Ceased
-
1996
- 1996-01-30 PE PE1995287154A patent/PE62196A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
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| JP2008274296A (ja) * | 1998-01-29 | 2008-11-13 | Cabot Corp | 分散体の純化方法及びインクジェットインクの製造方法 |
| JP2002538280A (ja) * | 1999-03-12 | 2002-11-12 | キャボット コーポレイション | カチオン性顔料及びこれを含む水性組成物 |
| US6572692B1 (en) | 1999-03-15 | 2003-06-03 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Ink, method for improving intermittent dischargeability of ink-jet recording apparatus, method for recording image, recording unit, ink cartridge, ink set, and image recording apparatus |
| US6547381B2 (en) | 2000-06-23 | 2003-04-15 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Ink, image recording process, ink cartridge, recording unit, ink set, crust-preventing method and image forming apparatus |
| US6663237B2 (en) | 2000-09-04 | 2003-12-16 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Ink jet recording method, recording unit and ink jet recording apparatus |
| JP2004531591A (ja) * | 2001-02-02 | 2004-10-14 | キャボット コーポレイション | 多価イオンを有する塩を含むインク用組成物 |
| US6902250B2 (en) | 2002-05-29 | 2005-06-07 | Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd. | Ink-jet recording method and ink-jet recording apparatus for displacing recording head from printing position when printing is being stopped |
| US6849111B2 (en) | 2002-06-03 | 2005-02-01 | Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd. | Black ink for ink-jet recording having dispersed particles with specific volume mean diameter, ink set and ink-jet recording method using the same |
| JP2007510038A (ja) * | 2003-10-28 | 2007-04-19 | キャボット コーポレイション | 非水性コーティング組成物 |
| JP2008524400A (ja) * | 2004-12-17 | 2008-07-10 | キャボット コーポレイション | 酸化改質顔料および該顔料を含むジェットインク組成物の調製方法 |
| JP2007002107A (ja) * | 2005-06-24 | 2007-01-11 | Tokai Carbon Co Ltd | カーボンブラック水性分散体とその製造方法 |
| JP2009504884A (ja) * | 2005-08-18 | 2009-02-05 | イーストマン コダック カンパニー | 高分子ブラック顔料分散体及びインクジェット組成物 |
| JP2011116851A (ja) * | 2009-12-02 | 2011-06-16 | Canon Inc | インクジェット記録用インクセット及びインクジェット記録方法 |
| JP2017020028A (ja) * | 2012-07-13 | 2017-01-26 | キャボット コーポレイションCabot Corporation | 高構造カーボンブラック |
| US9534127B2 (en) | 2014-06-30 | 2017-01-03 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Aqueous ink, ink cartridge and ink jet recording method |
| US10259960B2 (en) | 2015-10-20 | 2019-04-16 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Aqueous ink, ink cartridge, and ink jet recording method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1160415A (zh) | 1997-09-24 |
| AU4378596A (en) | 1996-07-03 |
| EP0797636B1 (en) | 2000-05-03 |
| CO4440667A1 (es) | 1997-05-07 |
| WO1996018695A1 (en) | 1996-06-20 |
| PE62196A1 (es) | 1996-12-31 |
| EG21107A (en) | 2000-11-29 |
| DE69516721T2 (de) | 2000-12-28 |
| TR199501575A2 (tr) | 1996-07-21 |
| DE69516721D1 (de) | 2000-06-08 |
| EP0797636A1 (en) | 1997-10-01 |
| HK1003647A1 (en) | 1998-11-06 |
| JP3510897B2 (ja) | 2004-03-29 |
| PH32041A (ja) | 1999-06-02 |
| ZA9510667B (en) | 1996-05-29 |
| IL116376A (en) | 2001-03-19 |
| HUT77797A (hu) | 1998-08-28 |
| IL116376A0 (en) | 1996-03-31 |
| CN1064696C (zh) | 2001-04-18 |
| TW364001B (en) | 1999-07-11 |
| BR9509137A (pt) | 1998-07-21 |
| US5630868A (en) | 1997-05-20 |
| AR000348A1 (es) | 1997-06-18 |
| KR970706361A (ko) | 1997-11-03 |
| KR100406457B1 (ko) | 2004-03-30 |
| YU76695A (sh) | 1997-12-05 |
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