JPH1052028A - Electromagnetic braking device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Problem] To provide an electromagnetic braking device which can freely control a braking force irrespective of a running speed of a vehicle, and which is simple in configuration and suitable for downsizing. SOLUTION: Magnetic poles are formed at predetermined angles on an outer peripheral portion of a magnet rotor 3 which rotates integrally with a rotating shaft 2. On the other hand, a plurality of magnetic pole portions 5A to 5A are provided on the side of the stator of the magnet rotor 3 at the same angle as the arrangement angle of the magnetic poles.
D is provided. A magnetic pole sensor 7 is provided near one magnetic pole portion 5A. When the magnetic pole sensor 7 detects a magnetic pole, the magnetic pole portion 5A is excited so as to have the opposite polarity to the magnetic pole, and the other magnetic pole portions 5B to 5D are also excited so as to have the opposite polarity to the magnetic poles facing each other. .

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electromagnetic brake device suitable for use as an auxiliary brake device for a vehicle or the like, and more particularly, to a magnet rotor connected to a rotating shaft and a side or periphery of the magnet rotor. The present invention relates to an electromagnetic force braking device that generates a braking force on the rotating shaft by an electromagnetic force between the electromagnetic force and a stator disposed in the electromagnetic force braking device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art It is known that large vehicles such as trucks and buses are equipped with an auxiliary brake device in addition to a friction brake device as a main brake. The auxiliary brake device generates braking torque, for example, when decelerating from a high speed on a downhill, prevents a fade due to a rise in temperature of the friction brake device, and improves vehicle safety and durability of the friction material. As the auxiliary brake device, a hydraulic retarder (actually disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Utility Model Publication No.
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4-161)
No. 054) is known.

[0003]

However, in each of the above-mentioned fluid type retarders and eddy current type retarders, the braking force depends on the running speed of the vehicle, and when the running speed of the vehicle is low, the braking force is small. There was a problem that only power could be exerted and used only as an auxiliary braking device. Also, there is a problem that the driver cannot freely control the magnitude of the generated braking force over a wide range as in the case of the main brake. In the case of a fluid type retarder, a pump, a reservoir, a radiator, and the like are required, so that there is a problem that the apparatus is complicated and large.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to solve the above problems, and when used as a vehicle brake device, the magnitude of the generated braking force can be freely controlled over a wide range regardless of the running speed of the vehicle. It is another object of the present invention to provide an electromagnetic brake device which has a simple structure and is suitable for downsizing the device.

[0005]

To achieve the above object, an electromagnetic brake device according to the present invention comprises: a magnet rotor which rotates integrally with a rotating shaft and has a plurality of magnetic poles in a circumferential direction; A stator provided at a position facing the rotor; and a plurality of magnetic pole portions formed and arranged at substantially the same angle as an arrangement angle between mutually adjacent magnetic poles on the magnet rotor on the stator side; An exciting coil for converting a magnetic pole portion to an N pole or an S pole; a magnetic pole sensor disposed in proximity to any one of the magnetic pole portions for detecting a magnetic pole on the magnet rotor passing therethrough; A control circuit for controlling the energization of the exciting coil based on the detection signal of (a). Is characterized in further comprising a current polarity setting means for switching the polarity so that the magnetic poles opposite to the poles of the above.

Alternatively, the control circuit may include a magnetic field strength setting means for controlling a magnetic field strength of the magnetic pole portion. Alternatively, the stator may be characterized in that the rotating shaft is provided at a center position on a side of the magnet rotor. Alternatively, two pairs of the magnet rotor and the stator may be provided on the rotating shaft.

When the magnetic pole sensor detects a magnetic pole on the magnet rotor, the power supply polarity setting means sets the polarity of the magnetic pole on the stator side close to the magnetic pole sensor so as to be opposite to the detected polarity of the magnetic pole. . Further, at this time, the other magnetic pole portions on the stator side are disposed so as to be opposed to the magnetic poles on the magnet rotor, however, the polarity is set to be opposite in any relationship between the magnetic poles and the magnetic pole portions. You. Thus, the magnetic pole of the rotating magnet rotor is
When it comes to a position facing the magnetic pole portion on the stator side, this magnetic pole portion is excited so as to have the opposite polarity to the magnet rotor, and a magnetic attraction force acts on the magnet rotor from all the magnetic pole portions on the stator side. The rotating shaft integrated with the magnet rotor is braked.

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of the electromagnetic brake device according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an embodiment of an electromagnetic brake device according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of FIG.
The electromagnetic force brake device 1 is mounted on a vehicle and used as a brake device. The magnet rotor 3 is fixed to the rotating shaft 2 and rotates integrally with the rotating shaft 2, and the magnet rotor 3 is fixed to the vehicle body and fixed to the body side. And a stator 22 opposed to the magnet rotor 3.
A pair of yokes 4A and 4B wound on the exciting coils 6A and 6B and disposed on a surface, a magnetic pole sensor 7 for detecting the magnetic pole of the magnet rotor 3, and a control circuit 8 for controlling the current of the exciting coils 6A and 6B are mainly included. It is configured as a unit.

The magnet rotor 3 is formed in a substantially disk shape and is coupled with the rotating shaft 2 penetrating the center.
The N pole of the magnetic pole (shown as 'N' in the figure) and the S pole (in the figure,
) Are alternately arranged at regular intervals at four positions on the outer periphery opposed to each other with the center of rotation therebetween. That is, the magnet rotor 3 has the S pole and the N pole arranged at an angle of 90 degrees about the rotation axis 2.
Further, the magnet rotor 3 is arranged to face the stator 22 by allowing the rotating shaft 2 to freely pass through the stator 22.

The assembly structure of the magnet rotor 3 and the stator 22 will be described in further detail.
The magnet rotor 3 is fixed to an inner bottom surface of a cylindrical outer rotor 21 having a bottom through which the rotating shaft 2 is provided. The magnet rotor 3 rotates with the rotating shaft 2. On the other hand, the stator 22 having the rotating shaft 2 rotatably penetrating the center thereof is engaged with the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder of the outer rotor 21, and a pair of yokes 4A and 4B described later are attached to the center. Note that FIG.
Shows only the yoke 4A, but the yoke 4B is provided in the vertical direction on the paper surface.

A pair of yokes 4A and 4B are
Are arranged in parallel with each other at positions facing each other with the rotating shaft 2 interposed therebetween. Also, at the center of each of the yokes 4A and 4B,
The exciting coils 6A and 6B are wound. By energizing the exciting coils 6A and 6B, the yokes 4A and 4A
B forms magnetic pole portions 5A, 5B, 5C, and 5D at both ends, and each of the magnetic pole portions 5A, 5B, 5C, and 5D is magnetized into an N pole or an S pole. That is, in one yoke 4A, if the magnetic pole portion 5A becomes an N-pole due to energization of the exciting coil 6A, the opposite magnetic pole portion 5B becomes an S-pole. Similarly, the other yoke 4B
, The magnetic pole portion 5C is turned S by the energization of the exciting coil 6B.
When it becomes a pole, the magnetic pole portion 5D on the opposite side becomes an N pole. And
Each of the magnetic pole portions 5A, 5B, 5C, and 5D is located on the side of the magnet rotor 3, and its tip is disposed facing the magnet rotor 3 at a predetermined interval, and is spaced 90 degrees around the rotation shaft 2. It is set to be. That is, the angle is set to be the same as the angle between the adjacent magnetic poles of the magnet rotor 3. Thereby, the magnet rotor 3
If one of the magnetic poles having a certain angle faces an arbitrary magnetic pole portion of the stator 22, the other magnetic poles of the magnet rotor 3 also
Will face the other magnetic pole part.

As can be seen from the above configuration, the electromagnetic force braking device 1 has a magnetic attraction force or a magnetic force that acts as a braking force on the rotating magnet rotor 3 by turning the magnetic pole portions 5A, 5B, 5C, and 5D. It provides repulsion. Note that the rotating shaft 2 corresponds to an axle or a transmission output shaft.

The magnetic pole sensor 7 is arranged in the vicinity of one of the arbitrary magnetic pole portions (in the present embodiment, the magnetic pole portion 5A), and comprises a Hall element capable of detecting the magnetic pole of the magnet rotor 3 passing over the magnetic pole portion 5A. .

The control circuit 8 controls energization of each of the excitation coils 6A and 6B based on the magnetic pole detection signal of the magnetic pole sensor 7. Further, the control circuit 8 monitors a pedal sensor 10 for detecting an operation amount (step-down amount) of the brake pedal 9 of the vehicle. When the driver steps on the brake pedal 9, the operation starts. The control circuit 8 includes an energization polarity setting unit 11 and a magnetic field intensity setting unit 12.

Here, when the magnetic pole sensor 7 detects the magnetic pole of the magnet rotor 3, the energizing polarity setting means 11 causes the magnetic pole portion 5A adjacent to the magnetic pole sensor 7 to be a magnetic pole opposite to the detected magnetic pole. Then, the excitation coil 6A is energized. For example, the detected magnetic pole of the magnet rotor 3 is N
If it is a pole, the magnetic pole portion 5A is an S pole, and if the magnetic pole is an S pole, the magnetic pole portion 5A is an N pole. The excitation is switched by switching between the positive and negative poles of the DC power supply. The magnetic pole portion 5A close to the magnetic sensor 7 is
When the magnetic poles of the magnetic pole portions 5B, 5C,
5D are also excited so as to be all opposite magnetic poles.

The magnetic field strength setting means 12 is provided for each excitation coil 6.
A, 6B, the magnitude of the exciting current, or the duty ratio of the exciting pulse, is controlled in accordance with the operation amount of the brake pedal 9 so that the magnetic field strength of each of the magnetic pole portions 5A, 5B, 5C, 5D is controlled. The size is controlled according to the operation amount.

Next, the operation of the electromagnetic brake device according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In the following description, in the case of forward running of the vehicle, the braking operation during forward running will be described assuming that the rotating shaft 2 and the magnet rotor 3 rotate clockwise. The magnetic poles formed at every 90 degrees on the outer periphery of the magnet rotor 3 are provided with 'N' on the outside of the magnet rotor 3 in order to make it easy to understand the positional relationship with the magnetic pole portions 5A, 5B, 5C, and 5D. , 'S'. First, FIG.
When the magnetic pole N of the magnet rotor 3 is detected by the magnetic pole sensor 7 as shown in FIG.
1 energizes the exciting coil 6A so that the magnetic pole portion 5A becomes an S pole. As a result, the magnetic pole portion 5A is excited to the S pole, and accordingly, the magnetic pole portion 5B opposite to the magnetic pole portion 5A is excited to the N pole. Also, the excitation coil 6B is energized so that the magnetic pole portion 5C becomes the N pole. As a result, the magnetic pole portion 5C is excited to the N pole, and hence the magnetic pole portion 5D opposite to the magnetic pole portion 5C is excited to the S pole. When the magnetic pole portions 5A, 5B, 5C, and 5D are excited in this manner, a magnetic attractive force acts between each magnetic pole and the magnetic pole portions, and the magnet rotor 3 attempts to rotate clockwise. The braking force that blocks the force is obtained.

The magnet rotor 3 whose rotational speed has been reduced by the braking force still has a larger rotational force than that of FIG.
When the state shown in FIG. 3A is further rotated by 45 degrees from the state shown in FIG. 3A to the state shown in FIG. 3B, an attractive force indicated by F1 is applied between the magnetic pole part 5A and the magnetic north pole passing through the magnetic pole part 5A. Works, and F is provided between the N pole and the magnetic pole portion 5B located 90 degrees ahead.
The repulsive force shown by 2 works. Therefore, even in this state, the magnet rotor 3 is urged in the direction opposite to the rotation direction.

When the magnet rotor 3 is further rotated by 45 degrees from the state shown in FIG. 3B to reach the state shown in FIG.
The magnetic pole sensor 7 detects the S pole of the magnet rotor 3 this time. Then, in the same manner as described above, the magnetic pole 5
A is the N pole, the magnetic pole part 5B is the S pole, and the magnetic pole part 5C is the N pole.
The magnetic pole portion 5D is magnetized to the N pole, and a magnetic attractive force acts between each magnetic pole and the magnetic pole portion, as described above, and the magnet rotor 3 receives a force that prevents rotation. . The magnet rotor 3 rotates 90 degrees between FIGS. 3A to 3C, but the attraction force F1 and the repulsion force F2 shown in FIG. Continue to work.

Next, the magnet rotor 3 is moved to the position shown in FIG.
When the state shown in FIG. 3 (d) is further rotated by 45 degrees from the state shown in FIG. 3, the attraction force acting between the magnetic pole part 5A and the magnetic pole S pole passing through the magnetic pole part 5A, this S pole and 90 degrees As in the previous case, the magnet rotor 3 is urged in the direction opposite to the rotation direction by the repulsive force acting between it and the magnetic pole portion 5B located in the front. Hereinafter, similarly, while the rotational force of the magnet rotor 3, that is, the drive force of the drive shaft 2 is winning,
3 (e), FIG. 3 (f), FIG. 3 (f), FIG. 3 (g), FIG. 3 (c), and FIG. 3 (d). 3 (h) are alternately repeated, and the braking force is continuously applied to the magnet rotor 3. As described above, a large braking force is applied to the magnet rotor 3 by the electromagnetic force at any angle during its rotation.

Here, the magnitude of the braking force acting on the rotating shaft 2 is determined by the magnitude of the magnetic force generated between the magnetic pole portions 5A, 5B, 5C, 5D and the magnetic poles on the magnet rotor 3. The magnitude of the magnetic force depends on each of the magnetic pole portions 5A, 5A,
By changing the magnetic field strengths of B, 5C, and 5D, the magnetic field strength can be freely changed irrespective of the rotation speed or the rotation direction of the magnet rotor 3.

The magnetic field strength of each magnetic pole portion 5A, 5B, 5C, 5D is determined by the magnitude of the exciting current flowing through the exciting coils 6A, 6B mounted on the yokes 4A, 4B, or the duty ratio of the exciting pulse, or It can be controlled by the magnitude of the excitation voltage. That is, the magnitude of the braking force acting on the rotating shaft 2 is determined by the aforementioned magnetic field strength setting means 12 according to the operation amount of the brake pedal 9.
The control can be performed by controlling the magnitude of the exciting current flowing through A and 6B or the duty ratio of the exciting pulse to an appropriate value. Therefore, when used as a vehicle brake device, the magnitude of the generated braking force can be controlled over a wide range, and can be used as a service brake.

In the above-described embodiment, the number of the magnetic poles of the magnet rotor 3 and the number of the magnetic pole portions 5 formed on the yoke 4 on the stator side are each set to four, and are arranged at every 90 degrees in the circumferential direction. The number can be set arbitrarily. In the above embodiment, the magnetic pole portions 5A, 5B, 5C, and 5D of the stator are provided on the side of the magnet rotor 3. However, the magnetic pole portions 5A, 5B, 5C, and 5D are provided on the circumferential surface of the magnet rotor 3. May be provided.

FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of an electromagnetic brake device according to another embodiment of the present invention, in which two sets of a combination of a magnet rotor and a stator are provided along a rotation axis direction. That is, in this embodiment, the magnet rotor 3
And two pairs of yokes 4 arranged on the stator 22 are provided on the rotating shaft 2. But,
In the case of this embodiment, although not shown, only one magnetic pole sensor can be constituted. With this configuration, the electromagnetic force acting between the magnet rotor 3 and the yoke 4 is also doubled, so that an electromagnetic force braking device with a larger braking force can be obtained. FIG. 5 shows still another embodiment of the present invention, in which two sets of a yoke 4, a magnetic pole portion 5, and a coil 6 are arranged in parallel with the rotating shaft 2, and the present invention is of course configured in this manner. Good.

The electromagnetic brake device of the present invention is not limited to a vehicle, but can be widely used for braking a rotating shaft in general industrial machines. Further, in the case of the electromagnetic force braking device according to the present invention, the generated braking force is controlled by the magnetic field intensity setting means 12 provided in the control circuit 8 to control the excitation current and the duty ratio of the excitation pulse. 5 and the number of turns of the exciting coil 6, etc., and when used as a vehicle brake device,
By changing the number of the magnetic pole portions 5 and the number of turns of the exciting coil 6 according to the weight and running performance of the vehicle, it is possible to exhibit good braking performance for various types of vehicles. Further, in the electromagnetic brake device of the present invention, only one magnetic pole sensor is required and the rotation direction of the magnet rotor 3 does not matter, so that the rotation direction detecting means is not required. Therefore, the configuration can be made very simple, and the cost can be reduced.

[0026]

As described above, according to the electromagnetic brake apparatus of the present invention, when the magnetic pole sensor detects the magnetic pole of the magnet rotor, the energizing polarity setting means determines the energizing polarity of each exciting coil. Excitation is performed so that the magnetic pole portions of the magnet rotor facing each other have opposite polarities. As a result, a magnetic attraction force and a magnetic repulsion force act between each magnetic pole and the magnetic pole portion to prevent the rotation of the magnet rotor, thereby providing a large braking force. The magnitude of the braking force generated on the rotating shaft is determined by the magnitude of the magnetic force generated between each magnetic pole portion and the magnetic pole on the magnet rotor. The magnitude of the magnetic force is determined by changing the magnetic field strength of each magnetic pole on the stator side. The magnetic field strength of each magnetic pole portion can be controlled by the magnitude of the exciting current flowing through each exciting coil or the duty ratio of the exciting pulse. That is, the magnitude of the braking force generated on the rotating shaft is controlled by controlling the magnitude of the exciting current flowing through each exciting coil or the duty ratio of the exciting pulse to an appropriate value by the magnetic field strength setting means, even in the low speed range of the vehicle. A large braking force can be obtained. Further, as compared with a fluid type retarder or the like, the configuration of the device is very simple, and it is suitable for downsizing the device. Incidentally, the brake device according to the present invention,
It is used not only as a service brake but also as an auxiliary brake device.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an embodiment of an electromagnetic brake device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a main part of FIG.

FIGS. 3A to 3C show a series of operations of the electromagnetic brake device;
It is a figure explaining based on (h).

FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram of another embodiment of the electromagnetic brake device according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram of still another embodiment of the electromagnetic brake device according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Electromagnetic force brake device 2 Rotating shaft 3 Magnet rotor 4A, 4B Yoke 5A-5D Magnetic pole part 6A, 6B Exciting coil 7 Magnetic pole sensor 8 Control circuit 9 Brake pedal 10 Pedal sensor 11 Energizing polarity setting means 12 Magnetic field strength setting means

Claims (4)

[Claims] A magnet rotor having a plurality of magnetic poles in a circumferential direction and rotating integrally with a rotating shaft; a stator provided at a position facing the magnet rotor; A plurality of magnetic pole portions formed and arranged at substantially the same angle as the arrangement angle between mutually adjacent magnetic poles; an exciting coil for turning the magnetic pole portions into N poles or S poles by energizing; A magnetic pole sensor that is disposed in close proximity to one another and detects a magnetic pole on the magnet rotor that passes through the position, and a control circuit that controls energization to the exciting coil based on a detection signal of the magnetic pole sensor; The circuit includes an energization polarity setting means for switching the polarity of each magnetic pole portion on the stator side so as to be a magnetic pole opposite to a magnetic pole on the magnet rotor facing each other. And an electromagnetic brake device. 2. The electromagnetic force braking device according to claim 1, wherein said control circuit includes a magnetic field strength setting means for controlling a magnetic field strength of said magnetic pole portion. 3. The electromagnetic force braking device according to claim 1, wherein the stator is located on a side of the magnet rotor, and the rotating shaft is provided at a center position thereof. 4. The electromagnetic brake device according to claim 2, wherein two pairs of the magnet rotor and the stator are provided on the rotating shaft.