JPH1056875A - Culture of orchid - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an orchid for medicinal use, for example, Kinsenren of high quality in high yield with no occurrence of plant disease and insect damage without application of agrochemical at all by soaking a root part of a flask seedling of an orchid in a culture solution in a pot-like vessel. SOLUTION: The root part of a flask seedling of' an orchid, for example, Spiranthes sinensis or Gostrodia elata is soaked in a culture solution in an individually separated pot-like vessel, for example, a wide-mouthed bottle or Erlenmeyer flask, more preferably, cultured in a liquid culture medium or a gelling agent-containing solid culture medium. The cultivation is preferably carried out at 18-28 deg.C under irradiation of light with an illumination of 1,000-1,500 lux.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for cultivating orchids. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for cultivating a useful medicinal orchid such as a gold wire lotus.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Orchids have a wide variety of flower shapes and colors and are particularly popular among garden plants. However, since the growth period until flowering is generally long, it is desired to shorten the growth period, and efforts are being made to optimize the growth environment therefor.

[0003] In conventional orchid cultivation, a method is used in which the roots are planted in pots containing water moss, bark, coconut husk, pumice stone, and the like. It is known that cultivation management is difficult. Orchids generally do not grow in a dry state, while soft rot and the like are likely to occur in a high humidity state. Further, in the method using hydroponic cultivation, since the roots are always in contact with water, it is unavoidable that the growth of the roots is deteriorated as compared with a normal cultivation method such as moss planting.

[0004] The same applies to medicinal orchids such as gold wire lotus. Soft rot is likely to occur in any of ordinary soil cultivation, rego cultivation and hydroponic cultivation. At present, agricultural chemicals such as bactericides are heavily used to prevent this, and it is still inevitable that the yield rate will drop sharply.

In hydroponic cultivation, plants are grown using a nutrient solution, and the nutrient solution is actively moved or air is mixed by a method such as convection, drip or spray of the nutrient solution. This prevents the nutrient solution from staying, thereby preventing damage such as root rot. In addition, in hydroponic cultivation, open equipment is used, and for the purpose of cultivating the same plant in a relatively large amount, those having a small and closed environment such as pot-shaped containers are rarely used. . Even when such a pot-shaped container is used, the pot is not completely isolated, and the nutrient solution can freely enter and exit through a hole drilled at the bottom of the pot-shaped container, and a plurality of pots can be used. The same nutrient solution is commonly used.

[0006]

An object of the present invention is to provide a method for cultivating a medicinal orchid such as a gold wire lotus, which is different from hydroponic cultivation, and has a high yield and an average weight per plant. An object of the present invention is to provide an orchid cultivation method capable of giving a large number of orchids.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is as follows.
Achieved by cultivating the root portion of the orchid flask seedling by immersing it in a culture solution in an independent pot-shaped container, or cultivating it in a liquid medium or a gelling agent solid medium in an independent pot-shaped container Is done.

[0008]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION By the method of the present invention, medicinal orchids such as gold wire lotus are effectively cultivated. Anoectochilus
formosanus Hay.) is an orchid plant known in Taiwan as an effective plant for purifying blood, hypertension, lung disease, snakeskin, nutrition and tonic, etc., and is not only used as a folk medicine but also disclosed in No. 6-293,655), which is eaten as a salad as a plant that is effective for beauty, especially slimming.
No. 6,522). In the method of the present invention, various medicinal orchids other than the gold wire lotus, for example, Kaohsiung gold wire lotus, Nejibana, Oninoyagara,
Hongsekkok, vanilla, Jianlan, Ishimo, Shiroi, Tianma etc. are the targets.

In the cultivation of orchids according to the method of the present invention, flask seedlings of orchids are used. As the flask seedling, any of a mericlone seedling grown from a part of an orchid body by tissue culture and a sterile seeded seedling grown by sowing seeds can be used.

The cultivation is carried out by a method of immersion in a culture solution in an independent pot-shaped container and a method of cultivation in a liquid medium or a solid medium of a gelling agent.
As the container, an independent pot made of glass or resin that transmits light is used. Here, the independent pot-shaped container is a container having a mouth portion, preferably a container having a mouth portion that is closed upward, for example, a slightly wide-mouthed bottle, an Erlenmeyer flask, and the like. What does not exist. Thus, what is considered a single container, for example a U-tube, is included in this concept, even if it is in communication. These pot-shaped containers are preferably used by being completely or incompletely sealed with a membrane filter, a cotton plug, a nonwoven fabric, an aluminum foil or the like.

As the culture solution, water alone can be used, but in general, a water-soluble fertilizer or a liquid fertilizer containing at least one of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is added thereto and diluted. Further, in place of the culture solution, 1 / 2MS medium (Murashige-Skoog medium in which the inorganic salt concentration is reduced to 1/2), Kyoto medium (hyponex, sucrose, agar and water described below as essential components, and other components depending on the purpose. Liquid medium such as a medium with added components) or agar
A gelling agent solid medium such as MS solid medium and Kyoto solid medium can also be used.

In the case of cultivation using a culture solution, an amount such that the root portion is substantially immersed in each cultivation pot containing a predetermined number, generally one or several flask seedlings, that is, Add the culture solution in such an amount that only the root part or the lower part of the stem can be immersed, place it on a pallet and allow it to stand.If necessary, replace the multi-stage shelves containing the pallet as necessary. Cultivation temperature of about 5 to 30 ° C., preferably about 18 to 28 ° C., while simultaneously adding water by an amount corresponding to a decrease in the amount of the culture solution and exchanging the culture solution about once a month. Cultivation is performed while irradiating with an illuminance of about 500 to 10,000, preferably about 1,000 to 1500 lux. In the case of a liquid medium or a gelling agent solid medium, cultivation is performed under similar conditions. In any of these cultivation methods, the cultivation is preferably performed under aseptic conditions.

[0013]

According to the method of the present invention, each pot-shaped container is completely independent, and only the nutrient solution contained in each pot-shaped container is used. There is no circulation with the liquid. The orchid cultivation method using such a closed cultivation environment has the following effects. (1) When an aqueous culture solution is used, the space inside the container containing water with a high specific heat is formed, so that the temperature change is relatively small, and even when temperature control is required, it is easy to adjust the water temperature just by adjusting the water temperature It is easy to set special conditions only for specific solids. (2) When an aqueous culture solution is used, a space inside the container containing water is formed, so that not only the temperature but also the humidity change is small, so that the humidity can be easily controlled. This means that there is less stress on the cultivated plants. (3) Since the environment is independent, even if a disease occurs in one cultivation container, it is easy to remove only the disease, and there is little risk of transmission to another. This point is particularly contrasted with the case of hydroponics. In many hydroponic cultures, the nutrient solution is used in common, so once the disease occurs or microorganisms are attached, the transmissibility is very high and the damage will be severe, For example, it was seen in the hydroponic kaiware radish disturbance that occurred in Sakai City, Osaka Prefecture in July 1996,
In addition, since it is difficult to perform partial disinfection, considerable trouble and expense are required in subsequent processing and the like. (4) Gold wire lotus and the like are eaten as salads as plants effective for slimming, and it is preferable that the use of pesticides and the like be avoided as much as possible during cultivation. In the conventional cultivation method, a pesticide such as a bactericide is sprayed, but the use thereof is refrained in the final stage of cultivation. On the other hand, in the method of the present invention, the occurrence of pests and diseases can be prevented without using any pesticides. (5) By closing the opening of the pot-shaped container, it is possible to prevent the progress of dust, soil, insects, mold, etc. in the air. Can be done. (6) Since the cultivation in each pot-shaped container is small and isolated, it can be easily moved, etc., and immediately respond to changing the environmental settings according to the state of the plant inside the container. It can be carried out. (7) Since a stable growth environment is maintained, the effect of promoting the growth rate is observed, and the yield and the weight per plant can be increased. Such a growth promoting effect is remarkable when a liquid medium or a gelling agent solid medium is used. (8) When using seedling soil, it is necessary to remove the soil, it is necessary to replace the sterilized seedling soil for the next time, but in the method of the present invention, it is not necessary No, that is, post-treatment at the time of harvest is easy.

[0014]

Next, the present invention will be described by way of examples.

Example 1 A gold wire lotus mercuron seedling grown to a length of about 8 cm (average weight)
2.0g) 1000 cultivation pots (bottom diameter 9.5cm, height 20c
m, the diameter of the pot opening is 5.5 cm). Each of these cultivation pots contains 100m of liquid fertilizer (Murakami product Hyponex 5-10-5) diluted 2000 times with water.
l each, placed on a 38 × 38 cm pallet (16 pots / pallet), placed on a three-stage shelf, and allowed to stand.

The pallets on each stage of the shelf were exchanged once a week, and at the same time, water was added in an amount corresponding to the decrease in the amount of the culture solution consisting of the water-diluted liquid fertilizer. The culture medium must be replaced
Performed once a month. The temperature during cultivation is 18 ° C
The temperature was set to 28 ° C. or lower, and the illuminance was set to about 1000 to 1500 lux.

Some plants were lost due to soft rot and the like, but after 180 days, plants that had grown to a sufficient size (about 18 cm) were harvested. The yield (the ratio of the number of harvested plants to the number of planted plants) was 85%, and the average weight per plant was 6.5 g.

Example 2 In Example 1, planting in a cultivation pot was performed under aseptic conditions, and the cultivation pot was sealed with a lid with a membrane filter. Some plants lost due to contamination, but the yield increased to 95%. The average weight per plant was unchanged at 6.5 g.

Example 3 In Example 2, a liquid 1/2 MS medium was used instead of the culture solution consisting of the water-diluted liquid fertilizer. Some plants were lost due to contamination, but the harvest rate was
It was 90%, and the average weight per plant increased to 7.3 g.

Example 4 In Example 3, instead of the liquid 1 / 2MS medium,
A 1/2 MS solid medium on agar was used. Some plants were lost due to contamination, but the yield was 90
%, And the average weight per plant was 7.0 g.

Example 5 In Example 3, instead of the lid with a membrane filter, a rubber stopper was used in which a hole having a diameter of 5 mm was formed, and cotton was stuffed into the hole to form a lid. The same result was obtained. Was.

Reference Example (Cultivation Method Currently Performed in Taiwan) Seedling soil consisting of vermiculite, serpentine wood chips, pearlite and a small amount of mulch is sterilized at a high temperature, and is 32 (length) x 44 (width) x 9.5 (high). ) Cm pallet. After acclimatizing gold wire lotus mericlone seedlings (average weight: 2.0 g) grown to a length of about 8 cm, 90 seedlings per pallet were planted at equal intervals. One week after the implantation, a fungicide (Sumitomo Pharmaceutical Sumilex) was sprayed every other day.

60 days after implantation, vermiculite,
The plants were transplanted to a fixed soil consisting of serpentine wood, pearlite, mulch, and carbonized chaff, and cultivation was continued for 120 days. During this time, the fungicide was sprayed every other day until one month before the harvest. The yield was 50%, and the average weight per plant was 5.0 g.

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[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] March 31, 1997

[Procedure amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0011

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

As the culture solution, although water alone can be used, a culture solution diluted with a water-soluble fertilizer or a liquid fertilizer containing at least one of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium is generally used. Further, in place of the culture solution, 1/2 MS medium (Murashige-Skoog medium in which the inorganic salt concentration was reduced to 1/2), and Kyoto medium (hyponex, sucrose, agar and water described below as essential components, and other media were added component) such as a liquid medium or written in
Also, a gelling agent solid medium such as a 1/2 MS solid medium comprising a liquid medium and agar, and a Kyoto solid medium can be used.

[Procedure amendment 2]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0012

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

In the case of cultivation using a culture solution, an amount such that the root portion is substantially immersed in each cultivation pot containing a predetermined number, generally one or several flask seedlings, ie, Add the culture solution in such an amount that only the root part or the lower part of the stem can be immersed, place it on a pallet and allow it to stand.If necessary, replace the multi-stage shelves containing the pallet as necessary. The cultivation temperature is about 5 to 30 ° C., preferably about 18 to 28 ° C., while simultaneously adding water by a reduced amount of the culture solution and exchanging the culture solution about once a month. The cultivation is performed while irradiating with an illuminance of about 500 to 10000 lux , preferably about 1000 to 1500 lux. In the case of a liquid medium or a gelling agent solid medium, cultivation is performed under similar conditions. In any of these cultivation methods, the cultivation is preferably performed under aseptic conditions.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A method for cultivating an orchid, comprising immersing a root portion of an orchid flask seedling in a culture solution in an independent pot-shaped container for cultivation. 2. A method for cultivating orchids, comprising cultivating a root portion of a flask seedling of a orchid in a liquid medium in an independent pot-shaped container. 3. A method for cultivating an orchid, comprising cultivating a root portion of a flask seedling of an orchid in a gelling agent solid medium in an independent pot-shaped container.