JPH1070512A - Optical head of in-vehicle optical beacon - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Problem] To improve a mounting structure of a light-emitting / light-receiving element of an on-vehicle optical head so that a highly reliable, small, and inexpensive device can be manufactured. A prism (5) is provided in a case (13) immediately after a light is emitted from a light emitting element (1), and an optical path immediately after the emission is bent by the prism (5). The degree of bending can be arbitrarily set by changing the refractive index and the inclination φ of the material of the prism 5. In this case, the direction of the optical axis 1 of the light emitting element 1 may be any direction as long as the direction of the light exiting the prism 5 is directed to the optimum directivity direction. The inclination of the mounting board 3 can be set arbitrarily. That is, the mounting board 3 can be positioned on the same plane as the horizontal control board 4.
Can be mounted on the control board 4.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an optical beacon system for performing communication using an optical signal, and more particularly, to an improvement in the structure of an optical head of an optical beacon for use in a vehicle.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art VICS (Vehicle Information)
nation and Communication
System) is a system for transmitting traffic information such as traffic conditions such as traffic congestion and construction, and the position of a parking lot to a moving car in real time.
Light beacons on public roads, radio beacons on highways,
FM multiplex broadcasting is used over a wide area.

[0003] Among them, the optical beacon uses a light-emitting / light-receiving element instead of an antenna, uses near-infrared light as a transmission medium, and modulates the light to perform communication.
By the way, in the near-infrared ray interface standard (all specifications of this system introduced below are based on this standard) defined by the Traffic Control Division of the National Police Agency's Transportation Bureau, this transmitted light is 850 nm ± 50 nm or 950 nm ± 50 nm.
It is infrared in the region.

[0004] A number of optical beacons on the road (hereinafter simply referred to as road devices) are installed for each lane of a general road, and the service area is 3.7 m in the lane direction according to the above standard, as will be described later. In the width direction, ±
Since it is defined as a 1.75m area, which is a very narrow range, unlike the radio beacon and FM multiplex broadcasting,
One-to-one two-way communication with vehicles in the service area.

An optical signal (downlink) carrying the traffic information and the like is constantly transmitted from the on-road unit, and when a vehicle passes through the service area of the on-road unit, an optical beacon (hereinafter, referred to as an on-board) mounted on the vehicle. Simply called the in-vehicle device) detects the downlink, and along with that,
An optical signal (uplink) carrying an ID or the like unique to the vehicle is transmitted.

FIG. 9A shows an installation mode of such an on-board unit 51 and a road unit 52.
Is installed on the upper surface of the instrument panel P facing the windshield glass W shown in FIG. 9 as the most advantageous place for performing transmission and reception with the on-road unit 52.

FIGS. 9 (b) and 9 (c) show the uplink and downlink areas of the service area in the lane direction and the vehicle width direction, respectively, according to the above standard. Below, the specifications required to obtain the maximum transmission / reception efficiency between road and vehicle are as follows.

Regarding the physical characteristics in the traveling direction of the vehicle The spread angle of the optical path L connecting the on-vehicle device 51 and the on-road device 52 does not matter, but the optimal range of the angle of attack α that the direction of the optical path L forms with the horizontal plane H (optimum directivity) The angle α _best ) is 47 ° ± 5 ° for the uplink and 58 ° ± 16 ° for the downlink
Becomes Here, there is a difference in the numerical value between the uplink and the downlink. However, the directivity of the light emitting element is narrower than that of the light receiving element. α _best is defined as 47 ° ± 5 °. Physical characteristics in the vehicle width direction Although the angle of attack α does not matter, the spread angle β needs to be ± 21 °.

[0009] Next, FIG.
1 shows a conventional example. As shown in the figure, the on-vehicle device 51 includes a light emitting unit 11 in which a plurality of LEDs (light emitting diodes) of the light emitting element 1 are arranged, and a light receiving unit in which a PD (photodiode) of the light receiving element 2 is arranged. 12 is mounted on the same mounting substrate 3 and is mounted in a case 13 provided with a transmission / reception transmission window 14, and the case 13 is a stationary type which is used by mounting it on the upper surface of an instrument panel. is there. For the PD, a large-area Si (silicon) photodiode is used to increase the light receiving sensitivity. Reference numeral 4 denotes a control board connected to the mounting board 3, and is provided in parallel with the bottom of the case 13.

As shown in FIG. 11, the mounting substrate 3 has an optical element so that the transmission and reception efficiency of the light emitting element 1 and the light receiving element 2 (hereinafter, simply referred to as an optical element 20) is maximized. In order to match (parallel) the optical axis l of the optical device 20 with the direction of the optical path L connecting the roadside device 52 and the on-vehicle device 51, when the optical element 20 is disposed perpendicularly to the mounting substrate 3, The mounting substrate 3 is disposed vertically to the optical path L.

Therefore, as described above, in order to obtain the maximum transmission / reception efficiency, the direction of the optical path L connecting the on-road unit 52 and the on-vehicle unit 51 in the traveling direction of the vehicle is determined by the optimum directivity angle α _best =
Since it is necessary to make 47 ° ± 5 °, when the in-vehicle device 51 is installed on the upper surface of the instrument panel P which forms a substantially horizontal plane in the vehicle, the optical element 20 in the in-vehicle device 51
Mounting board 3 with respect to the bottom surface (horizontal surface) of case 13
The optimal directivity angle α _best + 90 ° = 137 ° ± 5 °.

[0012]

The above-mentioned conventional vehicle-mounted optical beacon device 51 has the following problems.

(1) As described above, in order to obtain the maximum transmission and reception efficiency, the mounting substrate 3 of the optical element 20 has its plate surface inclined (137 ° ± 5 °) with respect to the horizontal plane. 10), the control board 4 for controlling the optical element 20 is horizontally arranged as shown in FIG. Since the spatial arrangement system is different from that of the substrate 3, it is often a separate structure.
If they are separate, a connecting means for connecting them mechanically or electrically is also required separately, which complicates the entire configuration, and presents problems in production and management.

(2) As described above, the light emitting portion 11 needs a divergence angle β of ± 21 ° in the vehicle width direction. However, in a general high-brightness LED, the optical axis 1 is perpendicular to the horizontal plane. , The divergence angle is only about ± 10 °, so the optical axis l needs to be inclined in the vehicle width direction so as to correspond to the divergence angle β of ± 21 °. The plurality of light emitting elements 1 (LEDs) are provided not only to increase the total amount of light emission, but also to individually set the inclination of the optical axis l of each light emitting element 1 so that the overall Although it is also possible to finely adjust the directional angle of the LED, arranging multiple LEDs one by one is a major problem because of the number of manufacturing steps and management complexity. There is. In particular, the angle of the LED to adjust the angle of attack α and the spread angle β after mounting is such that the light emitting element 1 is mechanically damaged and the connected electric wiring is disconnected. There is also a risk.

(3) With respect to the PD of the light receiving unit 12, the light receiving unit 12 of the vehicle-mounted device 51 conforms to the Japanese standard.
It is determined that a light receiving sensitivity of 0.75 μW / cm ² is required. The in-vehicle device 51 normally uses a large-area PD to improve the S / N ratio so that the small signal can be received under daylight sunlight. However, PD with large area
Is expensive, irreparable, and against the demand for miniaturization.
In addition, there is a problem that the response speed is slow because the PD having a large area has a large capacity.

(4) The reason why a plurality of LEDs are arranged is to not only diversify the light emission pattern but also increase the amount of light emission, as described above. Contrary to the needs. By the way, the light emitting unit 11 transmits 2 μW / cm to the roadside machine 52 according to the above standard.
^It is stipulated that light is transmitted with an amount of light reaching ² or more. For this purpose, a light source radiant flux of 447 mW is required.
When using D, 30 or more are required.

It is an object of the present invention to solve these problems and to provide an optical head for a vehicle-mounted optical beacon which is small, inexpensive, and has high reliability.

[0018]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides an optical head of a transmission-type vehicle-mounted optical beacon, which refracts an optical path of an optical signal emitted from a light emitting element in a desired radiation direction by a refraction means. It was aimed (claim 1).

According to this configuration, in order to obtain the maximum transmission efficiency by adjusting the optical axis of the light emitting element to the optical path, the refraction means obtains the maximum transmission efficiency by changing the direction of the optical path of the light passing through the refraction means. The optical axis of the optical element can be oriented in any direction as long as the optical element is oriented in the direction (optimal directivity direction), and the inclination of the substrate on which the optical element is mounted with respect to the horizontal plane is determined in any direction. be able to.

[0020] In the present invention, in the optical head of the transmission type vehicle-mounted optical beacon provided with a plurality of the light emitting elements, the refracting means may be provided corresponding to each light emitting element. 2) Since the direction of light emission of the corresponding light emitting element can be changed by each refraction means, the radiation pattern of the entire light emitting unit can be adjusted without changing the attitude (of the optical axis) of each light emitting element. I can do it.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, according to the present invention, as an optical head of a receiving type vehicle-mounted optical beacon, an optical signal received by a light receiving element from a roadside device is condensed on the light receiving element. The converging refraction means for bending the path of the light so as to reach it is provided in front of the light receiving element (claim 10).

In this case, since the light is condensed and reaches the light receiving element, the area of the light receiving element itself can be reduced while maintaining the same effective amount of light as in the case where the light receiving element is not provided.

The optical head of the transmission type optical beacon according to claim 1 or 2 and the optical head of the reception type optical beacon according to claim 10 are provided in a common housing, and the transmission / reception type optical beacon is mounted. The optical head of the beacon can be constituted (claim 18).

Here, the housing of the optical beacon is, for example, a stationary type in which the optical head is housed in a case and used by being mounted on the upper surface of an instrument panel or the like. In other words, when the optical head is used embedded in a dashboard (instrument panel) or roof, the enclosed space is enclosed with the front wall of the dashboard or roof and the optical head. The light from the optical head enters and exits through a transparent transmission window provided in the housing.

In each of the above inventions, the refraction means may be formed integrally with the transmission window of the housing for housing the optical head, using a transparent body forming a transmission or reception transmission window. , 11), the number of parts can be reduced, and assembling becomes easy.

Further, in each of the above inventions, as the refraction means, a diverging concave lens (Claim 4) on the transmitting side, a converging convex lens (Claim 12) on the receiving side,
Common to the receiving side, prisms (Claims 6 and 14) and Fresnel lenses (Claims 8 and 1) corresponding to the respective functions
6) can be used, one side of the refracting means is formed as a plane, the other side is formed with a refraction shape, the plane side is directed to the outside of the housing, and the refraction shape side is set to the inside of the housing. (Claims 5, 7,
9, 13, 15, 17), since it is possible to eliminate the protruding portion from the surface of the housing, when the housing is arranged on the above-described dashboard (instrument panel), the roof panel of the vehicle, or the like. In this case, there is no protrusion on the surface of the dashboard or roof panel.

[0027]

1 to 8 show an embodiment of the present invention, and the same parts as those of the conventional example are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof will be omitted.

(First Embodiment) As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the vehicle-mounted device of the first embodiment has an LE
D and a light receiving element PD2 (hereinafter, referred to as an optical element 20) are mounted on a mounting substrate 3,
A case 13 having a transmission window 14 for transmitting and receiving an optical signal
This is a stationary optical beacon which is mounted in a case and is used by mounting the case 13 on the upper surface of the instrument panel. Then, a prism 5 is arranged between the mounting substrate 3 and the transmission window 14. The mounting board 3 is integrated with the control board 4 and is horizontally installed on the bottom surface (horizontal surface) of the case.

The prism 5 bends the light passing therethrough to change the direction of the optical path L before and after the prism 5. In this way, if the prism 5 is interposed in the optical path, the prism 5 By changing the refractive index and the inclination angle φ of the material described above, the degree of bending of the light can be set arbitrarily, so that the direction of the optical path L outside the prism 5 (outside the case 13) is Optimal directivity angle α
_If the direction of the optical path in the case 13 is made vertical and the direction of the optical axis l of the optical element 20 for obtaining the maximum transmission / reception efficiency can be made vertical, the optical path of the optical element 20 can be made vertical. The mounting substrate 3 on which the element 20 is mounted with its optical axis 1 vertical is arranged horizontally.

That is, since the mounting substrate 3 can be positioned on the same plane as the horizontally arranged control substrate 4, if there is an empty space on the control substrate 4, the optical element 20 is placed on the control substrate 4. In this embodiment, this is utilized, and as described above, the mounting substrate 3
And the control board 4 are integrated and installed horizontally. Thus, the problem (1) mentioned in the section of the conventional example can be solved.

In this case, as shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the function can be satisfied by using a normal diverging concave lens 6 or Fresnel lens 7 instead of the prism 5.

(Second Embodiment) In a second embodiment,
As shown in FIG. 4, a prism 5 'is associated with each light emitting element 1, and the overall directivity can be adjusted by changing the shape, mounting direction, and the like of each prism 5'.

In this case, since the light emitting element 1 itself is not tilted, there is a possibility that the light emitting element 1 is mechanically damaged or the electric wiring connected thereto is disconnected. There is no. Thus,
The problem (2) mentioned in the section of the conventional example can be solved.

Also in this case, as shown in the first embodiment, a normal diverging concave lens 6 or Fresnel lens 7 can be used instead of the prism 5 '. Of these, if the Fresnel lens 7 is used, the distance between the lens and the light emitting element 1 can be reduced as compared with the case of the prism 5 ′ or the concave diverging lens 6.
Size reduction in this direction can be achieved.

In the first and second embodiments, the refraction means such as the prism 5, 5 ', the diverging concave lens 6, or the Fresnel lens 7 is not used to change the optical path L. As shown in FIG. 5, it is also possible to adopt a configuration in which the shape of these refraction means is formed on a transparent body forming the transmission window 14 of the case 13, for example, a plate surface of a transparent resin, glass, or the like. The number of components can be reduced while realizing the same functions as described above, and the assembly can be performed at low cost without any trouble.

Further, as shown in FIG. 5, or FIG. 4 and FIG. 6 described later, when the optical path is changed by each of the refracting means, the shape of the refracting means is devised and the material is changed. If the thickness direction of the refraction means can be arranged vertically, that is, the longitudinal direction can be arranged horizontally by changing the refractive index, the transmission window 14 of the case 13 can be arranged horizontally, so that the transmission Since the window 14 and the mounting board 3 (and the control board 4) can be made parallel and the vertical cross-sectional shape of the case can be made rectangular, it is smaller in the height direction than the triangular one shown in FIGS. Can be achieved.

With respect to the shape of the above-mentioned refracting means and the transmission window 14 formed integrally therewith, as shown in FIG. 6, one surface of each refracting means is formed in a plane.
When the flat part is directed to the outside of the case 13 and the flat part is set to be horizontal, the optical path L of the light passing therethrough has the above-described optimal directivity angle α _best and spread outside the case 13. If the refraction shape of the other surface is formed so as to form the angle β, when the in-vehicle device 51 is of an instrument panel embedded type, the upper surface of the instrument panel P is Since there is no protruding portion, it is convenient for the driver's view and design.

At this time, as described above, the design of the shape of the refraction means and the selection of the material (the refractive index of the refraction index) are set so that the optical path passing through the refraction means in the case 13 and reaching the optical element 20 is vertical. By performing (selection), the transmission window 14 and the mounting substrate 3 (and the control substrate 4) can be made parallel to each other as in the case of solving the above-described problem (1), and the depth in the instrument panel P can be increased. Since the distance in the direction can be reduced, there is an advantage that a space margin can be provided when other electric components are arranged. In addition,
The position where the optical head embedded type optical beacon is embedded may be not only the upper surface of the instrument panel but also a roof or a front pillar.

Next, as means for solving the problem (3) of the conventional example, the light receiving section 12 of the first and second embodiments collects light in front of the light receiving element 2 as shown in FIG. The convex lens for light 8 is arranged, and the light incident on the vehicle-mounted device 51 is condensed and reaches the light receiving element 2.

In this way, it is possible to reduce the area of the light receiving element 2 itself while maintaining the same effective amount of light as in the case without this configuration.

For example, when a PD having a light receiving area of 1 cm ² is used, the light of the incident signal light is condensed to １ ／ by using a 1 cm ² converging convex lens 8 to thereby receive the PD. The area can be reduced to 1/4 cm ² .

Thus, by using the converging convex lens 8,
The size of the PD can be reduced while satisfying the standard of the effective amount of light. If the size is reduced, the response speed is improved, and the size of the small PD is inexpensive.
It is possible to solve the problem of downsizing of the light receiving unit proposed in (3) of the conventional example.

Also in this case, a prism or a Fresnel lens can be used instead of the converging convex lens 8 like the refraction means of the light emitting section 11. Of these, the use of a Fresnel lens makes it possible to reduce the distance between the lens and the light receiving element 2 as compared with the case of using a prism or a convex lens 8 for condensing light. Can be planned.

Further, similarly to the case of the light emitting section 11, instead of providing the light-converging lens 8, the prism, and the Fresnel lens on the light-receiving element 2, the refraction shape is formed on the surface of the transmission window 14. If the condensing refraction means is used, the condensing refraction means itself is not required, so that the number of parts can be reduced and the number of manufacturing steps can be reduced.

Further, in the light receiving section 12,
As in the case of the light-emitting portion 11, regarding the shape of the converging refraction means and the transmission window 14 formed integrally therewith, one surface of the refraction means is formed as a flat surface, and the flat portion faces the outside of the case 13. And, when the plane portion is installed so as to be horizontal, the optical path L of the light passing therethrough forms an optimum directivity angle α _best and a spread angle β with respect to the horizontal plane H outside the case 13. By forming the refraction shape of the other surface and integrally performing this with the light emitting unit 11, the entire in-vehicle device 51 becomes an embedded type that does not protrude from the upper surface of the instrument panel P. can do.

FIG. 7 schematically shows a cross section of the transmission window 14 formed integrally with the Fresnel lens shape in the vehicle width direction. In FIG. 7, reference numeral 71 denotes a Fresnel lens type refraction shape for the light emitting unit 11, and reference numeral 72 denotes a Fresnel lens type refraction shape for the light receiving unit 12.

Further, the vehicle-mounted device 5 proposed in (4) of the conventional example
As a means for satisfying the demand for miniaturization, as shown in FIG. 8, the amount of light (light output) of the LED increases in proportion to the forward current. Increasing the amount of light per unit can reduce the number of LEDs in order to obtain the same amount of light as the entire light emitting unit 11, so that the size of the light emitting unit 11 can be reduced and the overall size of the device can be reduced. You can also plan.

In the above embodiment, the present invention is applied to a transmission / reception type vehicle-mounted optical beacon head. However, the present invention is not limited to the transmission / reception type and can be applied to a transmission-only and reception-only vehicle-mounted optical beacon head. Needless to say.

[0049]

As described above, the present invention is constructed as described above.
The reliability can be ensured, and downsizing and cost reduction can be achieved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1A is a perspective view of an embodiment, and FIG. 1B is a perspective view of an embodiment, and FIG.

FIG. 2A is a schematic view of an embodiment, showing an inner right side surface, FIG. 2B showing an inner front surface, and FIG. 2C showing an inner left side surface.

FIG. 3A shows a case where a diverging concave lens is provided in FIG.
Schematic sectional view of the light emitting unit of the embodiment when a Fresnel lens is provided in

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light-emitting unit according to a second embodiment in which a prism is provided in a portion of a transmission window corresponding to each light-emitting element.

5A is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light emitting unit according to an embodiment in which a diverging concave lens is provided integrally with a transmission window, and FIG. 5B is a case where a Fresnel lens is provided integrally with a transmission window.

FIG. 6 is a schematic sectional view of an in-vehicle device embedded with an instrument panel.

FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a part of a transmission window formed by integrating a Fresnel lens shape with respect to a light emitting unit and a light receiving unit.

FIG. 8 is a graph showing the relationship between the light output of the LED and the forward current.

FIG. 9 (a) shows an arrangement of a road device and an on-vehicle device,
FIG. 3B shows a communication area in a lane direction, and FIG. 3C shows a communication area in a vehicle width direction.

10 (a) is a perspective view showing the external appearance, and FIG. 10 (b) is a perspective view showing the inside of the conventional example.

FIG. 11 is a schematic sectional view of a main part of a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 light-emitting element 2 light-receiving element 3 mounting board 4 control board 5, 5 'prism 6 diverging concave lens 7 Fresnel lens 8 converging convex lens 11 light-emitting section 12 light-receiving section 13 case 14 transmission window 51 in-vehicle device 52 on-road device 52 optical device l light axis

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuing from the front page (72) Inventor Masayuki Kato 1-3-3 Shimaya, Konohana-ku, Osaka-shi Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Osaka Works

Claims (18)

[Claims] 1. An optical head of a transmission type optical beacon for a vehicle, wherein an optical path of an optical signal emitted from a light emitting element is directed to a desired radiation direction by a refraction means. 2. An optical head for a transmission type vehicle-mounted optical beacon provided with a plurality of light emitting elements, wherein each of the light emitting elements is provided with the refraction means individually corresponding to each other so as to have a desired radiation pattern as a whole. The optical head of a transmission type optical beacon for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein: 3. The refracting means uses a transparent body that forms a transmission transmission window of a housing that houses the optical head,
3. The optical head for a transmission type optical beacon according to claim 1, wherein the optical head is formed integrally with the transmission window. 4. The optical head of a transmission-type optical beacon according to claim 1, wherein said refracting means is a diverging concave lens. 5. The refracting means is a diverging concave lens, and both surfaces of the diverging concave lens are formed as a flat surface and a concave surface, with the flat surface facing the outside of the housing and the concave surface facing the inside of the housing. The optical head of a transmission type optical beacon for a vehicle according to claim 3, wherein 6. The optical head for a transmission type optical beacon according to claim 1, wherein said refracting means is a prism. 7. The apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the refracting means is a prism, and the right-angled side of the prism faces the outside of the housing, and the oblique side faces the inside of the housing. Optical head of transmission type optical beacon for vehicle. 8. The optical head for a transmission-type optical beacon according to claim 1, wherein said refraction means is a Fresnel lens. 9. The refracting means is a Fresnel lens, one surface of the Fresnel lens is formed as a flat surface, the other surface is formed as a split refracting surface, and the flat surface faces the outside of the housing. 4. The optical head for a transmission-type optical beacon according to claim 3, wherein the surface side faces the inside of the housing. 10. A refracting means for converging light, which bends the course of light so that a light signal received by a light receiving element from a roadside machine reaches the light receiving element, is provided in front of the light receiving element. An optical head for a receiving type optical beacon for use in a vehicle. 11. The light-collecting refraction means is formed integrally with a transparent body that forms a reception transmission window of a housing that houses the optical head. The optical head of the receiving type optical beacon for in-vehicle use according to 1. 12. The optical head of a receiving-type optical beacon for a vehicle according to claim 10, wherein said condensing refraction means is a condensing lens. 13. The condensing refraction means is a condensing lens, both surfaces of which are formed by a flat surface and a convex surface, with the flat surface facing the outside of the housing and the convex surface facing the inside of the housing. The optical head of a receiving type vehicle-mounted optical beacon according to claim 11, wherein the optical head is oriented to face. 14. The optical head of a receiving-type vehicle-mounted optical beacon according to claim 10, wherein said converging refraction means is a prism. 15. The condensing refraction means is a prism,
12. The optical head of a receiving-type optical beacon for use in a vehicle according to claim 11, wherein a right side of the prism is directed toward the outside of the housing, and an oblique side is directed toward the inside of the housing. 16. The optical head of a receiving-type vehicle-mounted optical beacon according to claim 10, wherein said condensing refraction means is a Fresnel lens. 17. The light-collecting refracting means is a Fresnel lens, and one surface of the Fresnel lens is formed as a flat surface,
12. The receiving type vehicle-mounted vehicle according to claim 11, wherein the other surface is formed by a divided refraction surface, the plane side thereof faces the outside of the housing, and the division refraction surface side faces the inside of the housing. Optical beacon optical head. 18. An optical head for a transmission type optical beacon according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and an optical head of the optical beacon for transmission.
18. An optical head of a transmission / reception type optical beacon for transmission and reception, wherein the optical head of the reception type optical beacon for vehicle according to any one of items 1 to 17 is provided in a common housing.