JPH109375A - Work machine - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Problem] To rationally configure a work vehicle capable of reducing a shock when a traveling direction of an airframe is switched between forward and reverse. There is provided a transmission device in which a traveling speed is set in a stepless manner by a setting device, and a forward / reverse switching device for switching a traveling direction of an airframe by operating a lever, in cooperation with a start of switching of a traveling direction by a lever. An automatic transmission means H is provided for decelerating the transmission to a low speed, and thereafter, when the operation of the lever is completed, shifting the transmission so as to restore the traveling speed to the value set in the setter 34.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a transmission device capable of steplessly changing the speed so as to obtain a running speed set by a speed setting device, and before and after switching a running direction of an airframe in conjunction with a switching operation of an operating tool. The present invention relates to an improvement of a working machine provided with a forward switching device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a working machine equipped with a transmission for continuously changing the running speed as described above and a forward / backward switching device for switching the running direction back and forth has been developed. In the machine, the transmission system and the forward / reverse switching system are configured so as to be independently operable. For example, when the body is moved forward from the state in which the body is moved forward and then moved forward again, the transmission is also used. The original traveling speed set in the above is obtained.

[0003]

As described above, in a working machine equipped with a system for setting the traveling speed and a system for switching the traveling direction between forward and reverse, for example, the machine body is turned by a switch. In the case where the body is moved backward and then forward, as in the case of making the vehicle move, the transmission has no need to be operated, so that the original running speed can be obtained. However, when the traveling direction is switched during the operation of moving the aircraft at a relatively high speed, not only is it easy to generate a shock at the start of the reversal of the aircraft, but also at the start of the forward movement of the aircraft. There is room for improvement. This inconvenience is solved by artificially operating the transmission to the low speed side when switching the traveling direction with the forward / reverse switching device, but it is troublesome for the operator to operate the two systems at the same time. is there.

An object of the present invention is to rationally configure a working machine capable of reducing a shock when starting traveling by switching the traveling direction of the body between forward and reverse.

[0005]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, as described at the outset, a transmission device capable of steplessly changing the speed so as to obtain a traveling speed set by a speed setting device is provided. And a forward / backward switching device that switches the traveling direction of the body in conjunction with the switching operation of the operating tool, wherein the operating tool is configured to be freely operable between a forward position and a reverse position with a neutral position interposed therebetween. At the same time, when the operating tool reaches the neutral position at the time of switching the traveling direction, the shift target of the transmission is set to a preset low speed value, and when the operation of the operating tool to the forward position is completed, the speed setter is set. The set value is set as a shift target of the transmission, and when the operation of the operating tool to the reverse position is completed, the value set in the speed setting device, or
An automatic shifting means for setting a value smaller than this value as the shift target is provided, and its operation is as follows.

A second feature of the present invention (claim 2) is that the operating tool is configured to switch the running direction of the body by a linear operation, and to operate in a direction orthogonal to the operating direction. In the point that the speed change target is changed to a side that increases the traveling speed in preference to the set value of the speed setting device, or a target change unit that changes the shift target to a side that reduces the traveling speed is provided. The operation is as follows.

A third feature of the present invention is that the target changing means increases the change amount of the shift target stepwise in accordance with the number of times the operating tool has operated the operating tool to the position for changing the shift target. The point is that the amount of change can be adjusted freely so that
The operation is as follows.

According to the first feature, for example, when the forward / reverse switching device is operated to the reverse position in order to reverse the aircraft while the aircraft is moving forward, the forward / backward switching device is not operated. When the neutral position is reached, the automatic transmission sets the shift target of the transmission to a predetermined low speed value, and thereafter, when the forward / reverse switching device reaches the reverse position, the automatic transmission sets the shift target of the transmission. Is set to the value set in the speed setting device or a value smaller than this value is set as the shift target, and conversely, the forward / reverse switching device is moved to the forward position in order to advance the aircraft while the aircraft is moving backward. When the forward-reverse switching device reaches the neutral position, the automatic transmission means sets the shift target of the transmission to a preset low speed value, and thereafter, the forward-reverse switching device moves forward. When you reach the position Dynamic shifting means is one that sets a value of the shift target has been set to a speed instrumentation setter of the transmission to shift target. In other words, when the traveling direction is switched by operating the forward / reverse switching mechanism, even if the operator does not operate the transmission, the transmission is automatically decelerated and then the speed is increased to a predetermined speed. The aircraft can be started without causing a shock when the traveling direction is switched.

According to the second feature, since the forward / backward switching device of the body is operated by the linear operation of the operating tool, the running direction of the body can be switched in a simple and easy-to-understand operation mode. The target changing means changes the shift target of the transmission by an operation in a direction orthogonal to the linear operation direction, so that it is possible to increase and decrease the traveling speed in an operation mode in which erroneous operation is unlikely to occur. Compared with a device that operates an operating tool, a quick operation is possible without requiring time to change the operating tool.

According to the third feature, when the shift target is changed, it is necessary to operate the operating tool a required number of times at the position at which the shift target is changed. Not only can the adjustment be made, but even if the operating tool is operated greatly, the running speed does not greatly increase or decrease.

[0011]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, a drive-type front wheel 1 and a drive-type rear wheel 2 that are steered.
A transmission system for arranging an engine 4, a transmission case 5, and an auxiliary transmission B in front of a traveling body 3 provided with a transmission system for transmitting the shifting power from the transmission case 5 to the front wheels 1; A transmission system for transmitting the power of the vehicle to the rear wheels 2 via the intermediate transmission shaft 6 and the rear axle case 7 is formed, and a driving seat 8 is disposed at a central portion of the traveling vehicle body 3, and a rear end of the traveling vehicle body 3 is provided. In contrast, a seedling planting device A as a working device is movably connected via a parallel four-link type link mechanism 10 driven and raised by a lift cylinder 9 to constitute a riding type rice transplanter as an example of a working machine.

The seedling planting device A is configured to cut out seedlings one by one from the lower end of the mat-shaped seedling W placed on the seedling placing stand 11 by the planting mechanism 12 and plant the seedlings in a field scene. And a plurality of leveling floats 13. The lift cylinder 9 is configured so that the piston rod is disposed obliquely downward and the seedling placement apparatus A is raised by contraction.

As shown in FIG. 2, the auxiliary transmission B has split pulleys 15, 15 whose belt winding radius can be adjusted with respect to the output shaft 4A of the engine 4 and the input shaft 5A of the transmission case 5, respectively. In addition, a tension pulley 17 for winding the endless belt 16 to apply tension to the endless belt 16 is provided, and a link member 18 for adjusting a belt winding radius for each split pulley 15, 15 is provided.
An electric transmission motor 21 that operates the link member 18 via a rod 19 and a bell crank 20 is configured to be capable of changing the speed. Note that a potentiometer type shift sensor 22 is provided for the bell crank 20. The input shaft 5A of the transmission case 5 is provided with a friction type main clutch 23.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, a steering handle 24 is disposed at a front position of the driver's seat 8.
A main transmission lever 25 for operating a gear transmission system in the transmission case 6 is disposed on the left side of the engine hood, and a forward / reverse switching device as a transmission disposed in the transmission case on the left side of a post portion of the steering handle 24. G
And a forcible raising / lowering lever 27 for forcibly controlling the raising and lowering of the seedling planting device A on the right side of the post portion. Also, a main clutch pedal 28 for operating the main clutch 23 is disposed on the left side of the step portion 3S of the traveling body 3, and left and right brakes (not shown) built in the rear axle case 7 are operated on the right side of step 3S. Then, brake pedals 29, 29 for independently operating the left and right rear wheels 2, 2 are arranged. Also, on the right side of the driver's seat 8, the raising and lowering control of the seedling planting apparatus A and the transmission case 5 are incorporated. A raising / lowering lever 30 for performing the on / off control of the planted clutch C is arranged.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the meter panel 32 has an accelerator lever 3 for setting the engine speed.
3 and the dial 3 to set the gear position of the subtransmission B.
Potentiometer type sub-shift setting device 3 operated by 4A
4 and a shift display device 3 for displaying the shift speed of the auxiliary transmission B
5 and a display unit 36 that indicates the status of various devices.

The main speed change lever 25 is mechanically linked to a gear type speed change system inside the transmission case 5, and the low speed position L for planting the traveling body 3 and the high speed position H for traveling on the road. (See FIG. 2). As shown in FIG. 5, the forward / reverse lever 26 is switchable between a forward position F formed at a front end on a linear path passing through the neutral position N as a reference and a reverse position R formed at a rear end. The forward / reverse switching mechanism G is configured to perform a speed change operation without switching off the main clutch 23 during the switching operation. Further, the forward / reverse switching lever 26 is configured to be operable vertically in a forward position F and a reverse position R (a direction orthogonal to a linear operation path connecting the neutral position N and the reverse position R). At the same time, the secondary transmission B is accelerated by a predetermined speed by returning to each position by a spring (not shown) and operating to a speed increasing position IN set above each position. The sub transmission B is configured to be decelerated by a predetermined speed by operating to a deceleration position DE set below the position (a control operation will be described later).

As shown in FIG. 4, the dial 34A of the sub-shift setting device 34 is configured to be adjustable to seven shift positions of 1 to 7, and the shift display device 35 has seven light emitting diodes 3
Are arranged linearly, the hue of the two light-emitting diodes 35A on the left end side is green, the hue of the three light-emitting diodes 35A at the center is orange, and the two light-emitting diodes on the right end side. As the hue of 35A is set to red and the speed set in the sub-transmission B increases, the lighting number of the light-emitting diodes 35A increases in the order of green, orange, and red (from the left) in a bar graph, In addition, the operating mode is set so that the right-hand end of the light emitting diode 35A to be turned on and off is operated so that the operator can grasp the traveling speed of the body 3.

As shown in FIG. 6, a control system is constructed. In this control system, the sub-shift setting device 34 and the forward / reverse lever 26 are increased in speed with respect to a control device 50 having a microprocessor (not shown). The speed-increasing switch 37 for detecting the operation to the position IN, the deceleration switch 38 for detecting that the forward / reverse lever 26 has been operated to the deceleration position DE, the shift sensor 22 and the forward / backward lever 26 are operated to the neutral position. N, the neutral switch 39 for detecting that N has been reached, and the main clutch 2
A main clutch "ON" switch 40 for detecting that the 3 has been disengaged, a main clutch "OFF" switch 41 for detecting that the main clutch 23 has been engaged, and an automatic deceleration switch provided in the meter panel section 32 42, an input system from the planting clutch sensor 43 for determining the state of the planting clutch C is formed, a relay circuit 44 for controlling electric power supplied to the speed change motor 21, and an output to the speed change display device 35, respectively. A system has formed.

In this control system, the control operation of the auxiliary transmission B is set as follows. That is, engine 4
After the start of the control, the control shown in the flowchart of FIG. 7 is performed. First, the process of the initial shift routine (# 100 step) is performed, and then the change of the set value of the If it is determined based on the signal from the shift setting unit 34, the dial shift routine (# 01,
(# 200 step). Next, when it is determined based on a signal from the speed-up switch 37 or the deceleration switch 38 that the forward / reverse lever 26 has been operated in either the up or down direction, Shift routine (# 02,
After performing the process of step # 300, if it is determined based on the signal from the neutral switch 39 that the forward / reverse lever 26 has been operated in either the forward or backward direction, the automatic speed control routine (# 03, The processing operation is set so that the processing of step # 400 is performed until the processing is reset (# 0).
4 steps).

In the initial shift routine (step # 100), as shown in the flowchart of FIG.
4 is written to a predetermined address of a memory (not shown) in the control device 50, and the memory data is set as a control target value (#
101, # 102), a feedback signal from the shift sensor 22 is input, the shift motor 21 is operated to the side where the feedback signal matches the target value, and the speed based on the feedback signal from the shift sensor 22 is displayed. The operation to be output to the unit 35 is performed until the feedback signal matches the target value (# 103)
~ # 106 steps).

In the dial shift routine (step # 200), as shown in the flowchart of FIG. 9, a holding process for writing the changed signal from the sub-shift setting unit 34 to a predetermined address in the memory is performed. This memory data is set as a target value for control (# 201, # 20).
2)), a feedback signal from the shift sensor 22 is input, the shift motor 21 is operated to the side where the feedback signal matches the target value, and the speed based on the feedback signal from the shift sensor 22 is displayed on the shift display unit 35.
Is performed until the feedback signal matches the target value (steps # 203 to # 206). That is, in this routine, when the sub-shift setting device 34 is operated, the process of changing the data written in the memory in the initial shift routine (# 100 step) is performed, and at the same time, the changed value is set as the target value. The processing for shifting the transmission B is performed.

In the switch shift routine (step # 300), as shown in the flowchart of FIG. 10, it is determined which of the speed-up switch 37 and the speed-down switch 38 has been operated, and the speed-up switch 37 is operated. When the forward / reverse lever 26 is operated to the speed increase position IN, a preset value is added to the memory data, a process of writing to the address is performed, and the deceleration switch 38 is operated. When the forward / reverse lever 26 is operated to the deceleration position DE, a preset value is subtracted from the memory data, and a process of writing the address to that address is performed. (Steps # 301 to # 304), and then the speed change sensor 2
2 to input the feedback signal from the transmission sensor 22 to the side where the feedback signal matches the target value, and to output the speed based on the feedback signal from the shift sensor 22 to the shift display unit 35. Are performed until the target value matches the target value (# 305 to # 308 steps).

In this processing, when the forward / reverse lever 26 is operated once to the acceleration position IN or the deceleration position DE, the value added to the memory and the value subtracted from the memory are set to the sub-shift setting device. By setting the dial 34A of the No. 34 to a value smaller than the value obtained when one step is operated, an intermediate speed between the numerical values represented by 1 to 7 is obtained.
The value to be added to the memory by the operation of the forward / reverse lever 26 and the value to be subtracted from the memory (the amount of acceleration / deceleration) are configured to be arbitrarily set by the operator (the setting operation is not described in detail).

That is, in this routine, the forward / reverse lever 2
When the driver 6 operates the up-down direction, the value of the memory is changed and the sub-transmission B is shifted. A switch shift routine (#) as a program for gradually shifting the sub-transmission B by operating the forward / reverse lever 26 in the direction orthogonal to the switching operation direction.
The target changing means J is constituted by 300 steps).

In the automatic speed control routine (# 400 step), as shown in the flow chart of FIG. 11, preset deceleration data is set as a control target value (# 401, # 4).
02), the feedback signal from the shift sensor 22 is input, and the shift motor 21 is operated to the side where the feedback signal matches the target value.
The speed based on the feedback signal from the speed change display unit 3
5 is performed as long as the forward / reverse lever 26 is located at the neutral position N (# 403 to # 40).
5 steps).

Next, when it is detected on the basis of a signal from the neutral switch 39 that the forward / reverse lever 26 has been operated beyond the neutral position N toward the forward position F or the reverse position R, the memory is turned on. Set the data to the control target value (#
Step 406) Then, a feedback signal from the shift sensor 22 is input, the shift motor 21 is operated to the side where the feedback signal matches the target value, and the speed based on the feedback signal from the shift sensor 22 is displayed. The operation to be output to the section 35 is performed until the feedback signal matches the target value (# 407 to # 407).
410 steps).

That is, when the forward / reverse switching device G is operated by the forward / reverse lever 26, the deceleration operation is always performed, and the speed is increased from this deceleration state. A sudden change in speed is prevented. As described above, the automatic transmission means H is constituted by the # 400 step of the control program for performing the automatic deceleration of the auxiliary transmission B and the restoration to the original speed at the time of the switching operation of the forward / reverse switching mechanism G.

As described above, according to the present invention, the forward / reverse lever 26 disposed in the vicinity of the steering handle 24 is moved up and down by utilizing the configuration in which the subtransmission B is shifted by electric control in accordance with the operation of the dial 34A. When operated, the operation is electrically detected by the switches 37 and 38 so that a slight acceleration / deceleration operation of the sub-transmission B can be performed. In this case, the sub-transmission B is automatically decelerated at the start of the switching even when an operation of switching the traveling direction between forward and backward is performed by the forward-reverse lever 26. Then, when the forward / backward switching is completed, the sub-transmission B is shifted so as to return to the original traveling speed, so that even when the traveling direction is switched, a smooth start without generating a shock. It has become a thing to be possible.

In operation, the automatic deceleration switch 42 is turned on.
When the planting clutch C is operated, the auxiliary transmission B
The control system is configured to perform control to reduce the traveling speed of the body 3 to the minimum speed by replacing the control target with a preset low value (control operation is not described in detail).

[Other Embodiment] In addition to the above-described embodiment, the present invention reduces the speed when reverse is selected by the forward / reverse switching mechanism from the forward speed even when the set position of the speed setting device is maintained, for example. The present invention can be applied to a configuration in which a gear transmission system is configured as described above.

Further, there are provided switches for judging whether the forward / reverse lever is set to an operation position of a forward position or a reverse position, and it is determined that the operation of the forward / reverse switching device is completed by operating the lever. It is also possible to set the control operation to restore the running speed held in the memory at the timing detected after the detection.

[0032]

As a result, a work machine which is less likely to generate a shock even when the traveling direction of the body is switched between forward and reverse and the traveling is started has been rationally configured (claim 1).
Further, it is possible to switch the traveling direction of the body and increase / decrease the traveling speed by a simple operation of a single operating tool (claim 2), and to set the traveling speed to an arbitrary value by a simple operation of the operating tool. It was made possible (claim 3).

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall side view of a rice transplanter.

FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway side view of the front part of the rice transplanter.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of the front part of the rice transplanter.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of a meter panel unit.

FIG. 5 is a side view of the operation path of the forward / reverse lever.

FIG. 6 is a block circuit diagram of a control system.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a control operation of the auxiliary transmission.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart of an initial shift routine.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart of a dial shift routine.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart of a switch shift routine.

FIG. 11 is a flowchart of an automatic speed control routine.

[Explanation of symbols]

 3 Airframe 26 Operating tool 34 Speed setting device B Transmission F Forward position G Forward / reverse switching device H Automatic transmission means J Target changing means N Neutral position R Reverse position

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A transmission device which is capable of continuously changing the speed so as to obtain a traveling speed set by a speed setting device, and a forward / reverse switching device which switches a traveling direction of an airframe in conjunction with a switching operation of an operating tool. A work machine, wherein the operating tool is configured to be operable between a forward position and a reverse position with a neutral position interposed therebetween, and when the operating tool reaches the neutral position when the traveling direction is switched, a shift of the transmission is performed. The target is set to a preset low speed value, and when the operation of the operating tool to the forward position is completed, the value set in the speed setting device is set as a shift target of the transmission, and the operating tool is moved backward. A work implement having automatic shifting means for setting a value set in the speed setting device or a value smaller than this value as a shift target when the operation to the position is completed. 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the operating tool is configured to switch the running direction of the body by a straight-line operation, and is operated in a direction orthogonal to the operating direction to override the set value of the speed setting device. 2. The work machine according to claim 1, further comprising target changing means for changing a shift target to a side that increases the traveling speed, or changing a shift target to a side that reduces the traveling speed. 3. The target changing means is configured to be capable of adjusting a change amount of the shift target stepwise according to the number of times the operating tool is operated to a position at which the shift target is changed. Item 2. The working machine according to Item 2.