JPH11114571A - Electrochemical water treating device and method therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To dispense with the installation of an electrolytic cell, a pipe line for introducing and discharging and the need of the exchange or cleaning of an electrode by laminating plural metallic base bodies carrying a catalyst with a gasket, fixing the outer periphery with an electric insulating material, dipping in a water to be treated and supplying power. SOLUTION: The metallic electrode 1 is formed by carrying, for example, a mixture of platinum and iridium on the surface of a titanium made squared expand mesh and plural metallic electrodes 1 are laminated in upper and lower direction with the architrave like gaskets 2 inserted in the peripheral part of the metallic electrodes 1. An electrode structural body 4 is constructed by inserting an architrave like resin frame 3 of the electric insulating material having a recessed slit so as to be in contact with the outer peripheral part of the uppermost and lowermost metallic electrode 1' and 1" and the outer edge part of laminated metallic electrodes 1 and the outer peripheral part of the gaskets 2. The electrode structural body 4 is dipped in the water to be treated and when power supply rods 5, 5' are connected to the upper surface and rear surface and a voltage is impressed, the rear surface is charged negative and the upper surface is charged positive and the disinfection of the microorganism in the water to be treated is performed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for electrochemically treating water to be treated, and more particularly, to efficiently sterilize microorganisms and various kinds of water to be treated containing harmful impurities. Electrochemical sterilization method and apparatus for furthermore, electrochemical water treatment bacteria method and apparatus for removing said odor and mold odor components from domestic and commercial drinking water having odor and mold odor components, furthermore Is an electrochemical water treatment method and apparatus for electrochemically decomposing and removing pesticides from treated water containing trace amounts of pesticides, and electrochemical decomposing and removing the ammonia and the like from treated water containing harmful impurities such as ammonia. TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for water treatment, and an electrochemical water treatment method and apparatus for lightening the color of water to be colored.

More specifically, the present invention can be widely used in many fields of daily life and industrial activities, and specific examples include industrial water, tap water, well water, rain water, recovered water, and the like.
Drainage, seawater, pond water, pool water, drinking water, bath water, gas absorption tower water, cooling water, hydroponic water, fountain, photographic developer, fish farming water, water emulsion, papermaking water, hot spring water, sugar solution ,
Fruit juice, dye ink, sake, milk, tea, soy milk, aqueous solutions containing various chemical substances can be mentioned, furthermore it is necessary to reduce the number of microorganisms in water to zero or preferably food water, pharmaceutical water, magnetic recording hard disk cleaning water, It can also be used for semiconductor cleaning water.

[0003]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, various microorganisms such as bacteria are present in pure water, tap water, industrial water, well water, bath water, pool water, washing water, domestic wastewater, industrial wastewater, and the like. Inhabits or dissolves solutes. And, in these aqueous solutions, when the solute provides an appropriate amount of nutrients, or when the temperature of the aqueous solution is a temperature suitable for the propagation of microorganisms, the microorganisms propagate and cause deterioration of the performance of the aqueous solution, or each of the aqueous solutions Often accumulates and accumulates on the inner wall of a pipe or the like through which the gas flows, impairing the function of the equipment having the pipe. Although the required sterilization level is different for these various types of water, it is necessary to improve the water quality by reducing the number of microorganisms in the water at low cost in any of the waters.

[0004] Against the background of heightened health consciousness in recent years, swimming pools have spread throughout the country and are popular with people of various age groups. The pool water used for this pool inhabits a lot of microorganisms such as bacteria harmful to the human body, and may cause diseases by directly contacting the eyes and wounds of the user,
Since the number of microorganisms is legally regulated, the pool is filled with a drug such as sodium hypochlorite to sterilize the pool to prevent the occurrence of disease. However, sodium hypochlorite, liquid chlorine, and the like, which are used as drugs, have irritating properties themselves or their decomposition products, and although they have a bactericidal effect, side effects such as eye pain and skin rash occur. This is a major problem especially for infants with low resistance. Further, since chlorine-based chemicals are decomposed, they must be continuously added to the pool every day, and the cost of chemicals used is also a great burden.
In addition, the amount of water used in the pool is enormous, and in the event of a shortage of water due to weather imperfections, the pool may be forced to close, so saving water in the pool is an important social issue.

[0005] Further, drinking water is supplied through a water supply system to homes and restaurants after sterilizing water stored in a water source such as a reservoir at a water purification plant. The sterilization of drinking water is generally performed by treatment with chlorine gas. According to the chlorination, the sterilization of drinking water is performed relatively well, but foreign substances are mixed in the drinking water processed by the influence of residual chlorine. There is a disadvantage that the mellowness of natural water is impaired due to the unpleasant feeling as described above. Drinking water is directly linked to human health, and it is indispensable to kill bacteria and prevent the growth of fungi contained in it, that is, to kill and remove microorganisms. Mainstream. However, in city water sterilization, river water and lake water, which are raw water, are contaminated with various organic substances, and chlorine is added in excess of the amount necessary for killing microorganisms. Therefore, organic halides, hypochlorite ions, and residual chlorine are added. And the like. In order to eliminate the above-mentioned disadvantages caused by the chlorine method, sterilization methods other than the chlorine method have been proposed.

In recent years, the use of bath water has been increasing due to the spread of home baths and the boom of hot springs. However, the bath water has a liquid temperature of about 40 ° C., at which microorganisms are most likely to propagate, so that it cannot be used for bathing. Microorganisms rapidly grow and become contaminated even if they are simply left without being used, and the use cannot be continued. When bathing is repeated, dirt and the like of the human body float and this tendency becomes more remarkable. Propagating microorganisms are so small that they are difficult to remove by filtration, especially in public baths where the amount of water used is enormous. Will be possible. Also, with the aging society, 24-hour baths that can take a bath at any time are rapidly spreading to every household. However, since the 24-hour bath has a liquid temperature at which microorganisms are most likely to propagate, commercially available 24-hour baths have an excellent purification function, but have problems in improving sterilization performance, and the emergence of a new sterilization device Is expected.

Further, with the progress of the information society in recent years, demand for various kinds of papers, especially high quality papers, is increasing. This paper is manufactured from pulp for papermaking through various processes. In this process, there is a process of washing pulp before papermaking to wash away unnecessary components. Since the pulp is maintained at an appropriate temperature and contains an appropriate amount of nutrients, microorganisms such as molds and bacteria easily proliferate, and when a large amount of the molds and bacteria remain in the final product, deterioration of performance such as discoloration of papers. Occurs. Therefore, an enormous amount of washing water used in this washing step contains a fungicide and a bactericide to prevent performance deterioration of the final product as much as possible. However, this method not only increases the cost of the fungicide and fungicide, but also causes the fungicide and fungicide to remain in the product, resulting in performance degradation different from the performance degradation caused by molds and bacteria. There is a problem that sometimes.

[0008] Further, with the recent increase of buildings such as condominiums and other condominiums or buildings formed by gathering a large number of companies, the number of various types of cooling and heating equipment installed in the buildings and the like has increased dramatically. It has increased. In condominiums, buildings, and the like in which such a large number of cooling and heating facilities are installed, equipment for heat exchangers for cooling water of the cooling and heating equipment, such as a cooling tower, is usually installed on the roof. If the cooling water of this heat exchanger equipment is also used for a long period of time, microorganisms such as molds and bacteria will propagate and precipitate on the heat exchange surface of the heat exchanger to deteriorate the heat exchange performance, or the microorganisms will be generated in a lump. In some cases, piping and the like may be blocked. In addition, serious waste such as corrosion may be caused on piping and equipment due to a large amount of waste of microorganisms. For example, in the case of the cooling water, when the total number of microorganisms is 10 ⁵ / ml or more, the rotten odor becomes severe, the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger is deteriorated, and troubles such as pipe clogging may occur. Further, if the same drug is continuously used, a resistant bacterium which cannot be sterilized by the drug is generated, and a troublesome problem that it is necessary to change to a stronger drug is known.
Also, it is hard to say that agents that kill microorganisms are harmless to humans,
Regulations on the types of drugs and strict concentration control are required under legal regulations. Factories, hospitals, hotels, etc., with a high level of environmental safety awareness, are rapidly increasing their tendency to remove drugs.

[0009] In addition to natural fish breeding in the sea and rivers as various fish resources, recently, aquaculture fish in cultivation sites have attracted attention, and a large number of aquaculture fish have been supplied to the market. When breeding these fishes in the farm, the microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi contained in the water for fish farming contaminate the fishes, or to prevent adverse effects such as attaching to the fishes and reducing their commercial value. Various agents such as fungicides and fungicides for killing all or most of the microorganisms are added in large amounts to the water for fish culture, and a large amount of vitamins and the like are added to minimize damage to fish caused by the agents. Of nutrients are administered to fish, on which food is fed. Therefore, fish bred in farms and the like are often added with various drugs and vitamins that are artificially administered compared to the amount of food, and fungicides and fungicides accumulate in the fish body and are harmful to the human body. Fish contaminated with various chemicals will be supplied to the market.

For example, a method has been proposed in which the drinking water is modified by an ozone addition treatment or an activated carbon adsorption treatment. However, when the drinking water to be treated is, for example, water from a water purification plant, the treatment amount is enormous. is there. In addition, there is a problem that even after treatment at a water purification plant, the microorganisms propagate again before reaching the faucet at the end of the water pipe. Among drinking water, food water, in particular, requires a high degree of microbial removal, and a high-temperature boiling sterilization method is employed to achieve this. However, the treatment of large amounts of water is too costly and unsuitable. As described above, the conventional reforming treatment method for drinking water and the like is mainly based on the chlorine method. In this method, hypochlorite ions are generated or chlorine gas remains to produce a so-called odor of chlorine, and after the treatment, There is a drawback that the taste of drinking water and the like deteriorates, and a method of adsorbing hypochlorite ion (available chlorine), which is the source of the chlorine odor, to activated carbon or the like has been used to remove the chlorine odor. However, this method has a limit in the adsorption capacity of activated carbon, has a fatal drawback in terms of life in that effective chlorine is not decomposed after a while, and requires complicated operations such as replacement of activated carbon, and requires complete operation. In some cases, it may not be possible to achieve the removal of a strong odor.

Therefore, as described above, there is no harm to the human body which can substitute for chlorination treatment which easily generates an organic chlorine compound harmful to the human body and hypochlorite ion which easily impairs the taste of drinking water and has a taste similar to natural water. There is a need for a method for treating drinking water. Conventionally, in order to prevent these phenomena, various chemicals such as a fungicide and a precipitation inhibitor have been introduced into the water to be treated and various filters have been installed in the middle of the piping. It has been pointed out that adverse effects on the water to be treated due to residual chemicals and problems in the cost of using chemicals have been pointed out. Furthermore, similarly to the case of the cooling water described above, there is a problem that antibacterial action against the added drug occurs after a while, and the next drug needs to be examined.

In addition to the addition of the above-mentioned chemicals, ozone sterilization, ultraviolet sterilization, and sterilization using acidic water are also performed. Although ozone sterilization has a dramatic sterilizing effect and does not generate resistant bacteria, energy costs and ozone equipment costs are high, and it is harmful to the human body, and strict attention must be paid to operations such as concentration control. In addition, the oxidizing action is strong, and liquid contact parts such as tanks, pipes, and pumps require expensive corrosion-resistant materials. In order to avoid this adverse effect, an ozone decomposer may be installed after the ozone sterilizer, but the equipment cost is high, the maintenance cost is high, and this hinders practical use.

Although ultraviolet sterilization is widely used, sterilization of water having a solid content or chromaticity that hinders the transmission of ultraviolet light is difficult, and there are restrictions on the types of water that can be sterilized. In addition, the life of the ultraviolet lamp is short and requires periodic replacement, and the power consumption is large. Further, it is necessary to always maintain the inner surface of the ultraviolet lamp cleanly in order to maintain the sterilization performance. Especially, the maintenance and maintenance of the inner surface of the ultraviolet lamp during power outage is complicated. As a water treatment method for solving such disadvantages of the prior art,
Bipolar fixed-bed type water treatment electrolyzers have been disclosed (for example, JP-A-2-306242, JP-A-3-224684, JP-A-4-18980, JP-A-4-108592, JP-A-4-114785, JP-A-4-114787).

However, since the bipolar fixed-bed type water treatment electrolyzer uses a porous electrode as a fixed bed, it is difficult to treat water to be treated containing solids, organic substances, and ionic occlusive substances. The pressure loss due to water flow in the electrolytic cell is large,
Large capacity water pump is required and energy cost is high.
Further, even when the content of the occluding substance in the water to be treated is small, there is a problem that the sterilization performance is reduced during long-term use. Further, a carbon electrode is used as the porous electrode, and the carbon electrode has a drawback that it is easily worn out. When used for a long time, the electrode is gradually worn out, the distance between the electrodes is increased, and the voltage is increased. Will eventually have to be replaced. This electrode replacement generally requires disassembly of the entire electrolytic cell, which is a very complicated operation and significantly reduces workability. The present applicant has solved the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art,
In particular, even when using the occluding substance-containing water to be treated, it is possible to prevent clogging of the electrode used, and to use the water pump without using a water supply pump or with minimal power consumption. An electrochemical water treatment method and apparatus has been proposed (Japanese Patent Application No. 8-357230).

[0015]

In conventional electrolytic cells for water treatment such as the electrolytic cell of the present invention, the water to be treated is introduced into an electrolytic cell having an outer wall, and contacts the electrodes in the electrolytic cell. Then, the water to be treated is to be treated. Therefore, piping and energy are required for introduction and discharge of the water to be treated into the electrolytic cell, and furthermore, in order to improve the contact ratio with the electrode, the resistance at the time of passage is inevitably increased and the electrode is blocked. Problems such as the necessity of frequent cleaning and replacement of the electrodes and the cost of the piping are caused. Further, it is necessary to take measures against water leakage from the electrolytic cell, so that a space for installing the electrolytic cell is required, and it is necessary to disassemble and assemble the electrolytic cell when transporting the electrolytic cell.

[0016]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the structure of the apparatus of the present invention is such that a plurality of metal substrates supporting a catalyst are laminated via a gasket, and the outer periphery thereof is fixed with an electrically insulating material. Is a device characterized by performing the electrochemical sterilization of the water to be treated by immersing it in the water to be treated and applying an electric current thereto. A water treatment method characterized by performing electrochemical sterilization of the water to be treated by supplying electricity.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail. In order to carry out the electrochemical treatment of the water to be treated using the method or the apparatus according to the present invention, a metal electrode is preferably used as an electrode, preferably a porous metal electrode for improving drainage and improving contact efficiency. use. "Porous" in this case means
It means that the resistance to the flow of the water to be treated is almost zero and has a certain degree of opening, and there are shapes such as a net shape, an expanded mesh shape, a punched metal shape, and a lattice shape. For example, when an expanded mesh is used, the opening size is preferably adjusted so that the minor axis is about 0.5 to 2.0 mm and the major axis is about 1.0 to 4.0 mm. It is desirable that the porous electrode main body is coated with a platinum group metal or an oxide thereof, for example, platinum, iridium, ruthenium or an oxide thereof alone or as a mixture on a corrosion-resistant metal substrate such as titanium to improve electrode performance. .

The electrode has an aperture ratio defined by a percentage obtained by dividing the total surface area of each opening by the total electrode area obtained by adding the total surface area of the electrode and the total surface area of the openings.
Preferably it is ~ 80%. If the opening ratio is less than 10%, the pressure loss is large and clogging is likely to occur. If the opening ratio is more than 80%, the strength of the electrode may be impaired, resulting in deformation or breakage. The contact may be insufficient, and it is desirable to set an appropriate aperture ratio in consideration of both clogging and contact efficiency. This metal electrode is basically immersed in the water to be treated as it is, and the electrode is energized to perform the treatment of the water to be treated on the surface of the electrode, that is, sterilization of microorganisms, removal of odor, etc. However, it is desirable to surround the metal electrode with an electrically insulating material in order to ensure safety. It is desirable to supply a current to this electrode at a DC voltage of 42 V or less for safety reasons. If the current density is adjusted to about 0.1 to 1.0 A / dm ² , optimum processing efficiency can be obtained. This is 0.1 A / dm
^If less than ² , sufficient sterilization may not be performed, 1.0
Electrode life exceeds A / dm ² is because it may be shortened. When the voltage value or the current density value of this value cannot be obtained, the electrode plate may be divided into a plurality of pieces. The energization may be performed while maintaining the polarity. In the case of water other than pure water, for example, the polarity can be reversed every 2 to 60 minutes to dissolve the precipitated calcium compound or magnesium compound. If the continuous energization time is less than 2 minutes, the sterilization efficiency is poor and the electrode life tends to be short, and if it exceeds 60 minutes, the precipitation amount of the compound increases. Naturally, it is desirable that this electrode is in contact with all the water to be treated to increase the efficiency of sterilization and the like, but sufficient immersion in the water to be treated may not achieve sufficient treatment efficiency. For example, when the water to be treated is flowing in a relatively narrow pipe, the metal electrode is formed so as to conform to the cross section of the pipe, and is arranged in the pipe so as to be in close contact with the inner wall surface, thereby improving the contact efficiency. Is maximized, and effective water treatment can be achieved.

When the water to be treated is flowing through a flow path having partitions on both sides, the electrode may be a non-porous electrode having no holes or an electrode having a relatively large resistance passing through the holes. The electrode is arranged as a weir for blocking the water to be treated in the road, and the water to be treated permeates the inside of the electrode with sufficient contact efficiency or overflows above the weir. Further, depending on the type of the water to be treated, there is also a water treatment in which the sterilization efficiency does not need to be zero, and the microorganism concentration can be reduced as a whole. In this case, the electrode may be immersed in the water to be treated as it is, and a so-called batch type water treatment may be performed. When the amount of water to be treated further is large, a plurality of the electrodes, particularly metal electrodes, can be laminated via a frame-shaped spacer or gasket and used as an integrated electrode. Thus, by adjusting the number of electrodes according to the required amount of treated water, a predetermined amount of treated water can be produced in a required amount. The thickness of the spacer or gasket is desirably about 1 to 10 mm.If the thickness is less than 1 mm, a short circuit may occur between adjacent electrodes due to the calcium compound or the like that may be deposited on the electrodes. On the other hand, if it exceeds 10 mm, it becomes difficult for the current necessary for sterilization to flow.

Since the electrodes are used in water, a power supply is actually required to supply power to the electrodes. The power supply is a member for supplying electricity to the electrode from outside the water to be treated. The material of the power supply is not particularly limited as long as it is a metal having sufficient conductivity and resistance to the water to be treated. It is preferable to use titanium from the viewpoint of. The connection between the power supply body and the electrode is performed by soldering or the like as in the case of connection of a normal electric component. The electrode is not merely immersed in water, for example, a pump may be installed in water to improve treatment efficiency by spraying water to be treated on the electrode by the pump, and the electrode is not necessarily entirely in water. The electrode does not need to be immersed. For example, the electrode may be located at the falling part of the water to be treated that flows down like a waterfall. This aspect is also included in the present invention.

The mechanism for killing microorganisms according to the present invention can be presumed to be as follows. First, microorganisms strike the anode surface and die. Secondly, trace amounts of chlorine contained in the water to be treated are oxidized on the electrode surface to generate hypochlorous acid, and active oxygen is generated by water electrolysis. Microorganisms in the water to be treated are sterilized by these hypochlorous acid and active oxygen, and trace impurities are decomposed. A porous electrode has a larger surface area and higher oxidation efficiency than a flat plate non-hole electrode, and turbulence occurs when the water to be treated passes through the pores, which agitates the water to be treated and increases the contact efficiency with the electrode. Can be inferred.

The use of the method or the device according to the invention makes it possible to achieve the disinfection of microorganisms in the water to be treated and other improvements in water quality. The microorganisms include bacteria (bacteria), filamentous fungi (fungi), yeasts, deformed fungi, single-cell algae, protozoa, viruses, and the like, and the improvement of water quality includes decomposition of the odor of chlorine and effective chlorine components. It is. The water to be treated which is the object of the present invention is not particularly limited. For example, industrial water, tap water, well water, rainwater, recovered water, drainage, seawater, pond water, pool water, drinking water, bath water, gas absorption tower water , Cooling water, hydroponic water, fountain, photographic developer, water for fish culture, water emulsion, water for papermaking, hot spring water, sugar liquid, fruit juice, dye ink, sake, milk, tea, soy milk, aqueous solution containing various chemical substances, food There are water for use, water for medicines, water for cleaning hard disks for magnetic recording, water for cleaning semiconductors, and the like. The pesticide can also be decomposed by treating the water in which the pesticide is dissolved.

In the electrochemical treatment according to the present invention, unlike the electrolytic cell which is a conventional water treatment apparatus, the electrode is immersed in the water to be treated, so that there is no need to prepare and install the electrolytic cell itself. No piping or energy is required for the introduction and discharge of the water to be treated to and from the electrolytic cell. Also, if the over-low is enabled, the resistance is reduced and the electrode can be prevented from being clogged. Space is not required, and replacement or cleaning of the electrode is almost unnecessary. When it is necessary to wash the electrode, put the contaminated electrode in a liquid other than the water to be treated, and reverse the polarity to dissolve the precipitate and wash it. You can go out and spray clean water to wash. The apparatus of the present invention withstands long-term operation and requires almost no cleaning. However, when performing cleaning, any one of hydrogen peroxide, ozone water, hypochlorous acid, acidic water having a pH of 3 or less, and alkaline water having a pH of 9 or more is used. It may flow alone or alternately. Although the method of the present invention produces a sufficient effect even when the method is used alone, it is possible to more surely treat the water to be treated in a short time when the method is used in combination with ultraviolet sterilization, ozone sterilization, and chemical sterilization. it can.

Next, an embodiment of an electrochemical water treatment apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 illustrates an embodiment of the electrochemical water treatment apparatus of the present invention.
1A is a plan view thereof, FIG. 1B is a side view thereof, FIG. 2A is a sectional view taken along line AA 'of FIG. 1, FIG. 2B is a sectional view taken along line BB' of FIG. 1, and FIG. It is C 'line sectional drawing. Reference numeral 1 denotes a metal electrode in which a mixture of, for example, platinum and iridium is carried on the surface of a rectangular expanded mesh made of titanium (a short diameter of about 1 mm and a long diameter of about 2 mm are optimal). Ten sheets are vertically stacked on the periphery of the adjacent metal electrode 1 with the frame-shaped gasket 2 interposed therebetween. As shown in FIG. 2 a, an electrical insulation having a concave notch in contact with the outer periphery of the uppermost and lowermost metal electrodes (terminal electrodes 1 ′, 1 ″) and the outer edge of the laminated metal electrode 1 and gasket 2. A frame-shaped resin frame 3 as a material is fitted into the electrode frame 4.

Power supply rods 5 and 5 'are connected to the upper and lower surfaces of the uppermost and lowermost metal electrodes (terminal electrodes) 1' and 1 "of the electrode structure 4, and supply power to the terminal electrodes 1 '. The eight metal electrodes 1 between the two terminal electrodes 1 'are charged negatively on the lower surface and positively on the upper surface by the voltage applied to the terminal electrodes 1'. The treated water mainly contacts the upper surface (positively charged) of the metal electrode 1 to sterilize (oxidize) the microorganisms in the water to be treated, and contacts the lower surface (negatively charged) to decompose the odor (reduction). ) Is performed.

FIG. 3 illustrates another embodiment of the electrochemical water treatment apparatus according to the present invention. FIG. 3a shows an example in which three auxiliary power supply rods are connected, and FIG. 3b shows one auxiliary power supply rod. An example in which rods are connected is shown. FIGS. 3A and 3B are modifications of FIG. 1, and the same members as those in FIG. The device shown in Fig. 3a is a device which allows a current to flow directly without polarizing the metal electrode between the terminal electrodes 1 'and 1 ". In the device of Fig. 3a, the upper and lower terminal electrodes 1' are used. , 1 ″
a, a positive potential is applied to the uppermost terminal electrode 1 ', and a negative potential is applied to the lowermost terminal electrode 1 "by the power supply rods 5, 5'. And a power supply rod 5a for applying a negative potential between the first and second metal electrodes 1 (excluding terminal electrodes) from the top so as to make contact with both electrodes 1, and a third from the top. A power supply rod 5b for applying a positive potential is provided between the fourth and fourth metal electrodes 1 so as to be in contact with both electrodes 1, and between the fifth and sixth metal electrodes 1 from the top. Power supply rods 5c for applying a negative potential are connected to each other.

In this device, a total of five power supply rods 5, 5a,
Positive and negative potentials are applied to the adjacent terminal electrodes 1 ', 1 "and the metal electrode 1 by 5b and 5c, and a current flows between the adjacent electrodes to function as an anode and a cathode, thereby treating the water to be treated. 3b, seven metal electrodes 1 are stacked between the upper and lower terminal electrodes 1 'and 1 ", and the power supply rod 5 is connected to the uppermost terminal electrode 1' and the lowermost terminal electrode 1". Negative potentials are applied by 5 ', respectively.
A power supply rod 5d for applying a negative potential is connected between the fifth and fifth metal electrodes 1 (excluding the terminal electrodes) so as to make contact with both electrodes 1. In this apparatus, an electric potential is applied between the uppermost terminal electrode 1 'and the power supply rod 5d, and between the lowermost terminal electrode 1 "and the power supply rod 5d, and the treatment of the water to be treated is performed in the same manner as in FIG. It is.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing an example of the treatment of the water to be treated using the apparatus of the present invention. In this example, for example, when the electrode structure 4 shown in FIG. 1 is installed in the water to be treated flowing in the gutter 6 and the water to be treated flows from the upstream side of the inclined gutter 6, the water to be treated is While being processed by flowing through the structure 4, it overflows the upper end of the gutter 6, reaches the downstream side, and is taken out from the gutter 6.

FIGS. 5 and 6 are schematic views showing another example of the treatment of the water to be treated using the apparatus of the present invention. In the example of FIG. 5, the electrode structure 4 is installed on the gantry 8 in the tank 7, and is intended to treat the water to be treated filled in the tank 7. Then, gas is generated from the surface of the electrode, whereby convection of the water to be treated is generated and agitated, and the water to be treated comes into contact with the surface of the electrode to perform the treatment. Further, as shown in FIG. 6, a pipe 9 for supplying water to be treated is inserted from the lower side of the tank 7 and supplied to the electrode structure 4 so that the water to be treated is blown from the pipe 9, so that convection occurs more violently. And the processing efficiency is improved.

FIGS. 7 to 10 are schematic views showing still another example of the treatment of the water to be treated using the apparatus of the present invention. FIG.
This shows an example in which the electrode structure 4 is installed in a tray 13 on a gantry 12 in a tank 11 directly below a lower end of a gutter 10. The treatment of the water to be treated is combined with the cleaning of the electrode structure 4. Can do it. In the example shown in FIG. 8, a supply pipe 14 for supplying the water to be treated into the tank 11 is connected to the tray 13 and the supply pipe 13
The electrode structure 4 is installed at a higher position, and the supply pipe
The water to be treated supplied from 13 is treated by the electrode structure 4, and then the treated water to be treated overflows from the upper end of the tray 14 and is supplied into the tank 11.

In the example shown in FIG. 9, the electrode structure 4 is immersed in a horizontally long tank 11 and a pump 15 is mounted on the other end of the tank.
Is connected to one end of a circulating tube 16. In this example, the water to be treated is forcibly circulated by the pump 15 and thus passes through the electrode structure 4, thereby increasing the treatment efficiency.
In the example shown in FIG. 10, the gantry 12 on which the electrode structure 4 is mounted is placed on the ultrasonic generator 17, the treatment of the water to be treated is performed by the electrode structure 4, and the ultrasonic generator 17 generates ultrasonic waves. By performing the electrochemical water treatment and the ultrasonic water treatment together, the treatment efficiency is improved.

[0032]

According to the electrochemical water treatment apparatus of the present invention, a plurality of metal substrates supporting a catalyst are laminated via a gasket, the outer periphery of which is fixed with an electrically insulating material, and this is treated with water to be treated. The apparatus is characterized in that the water to be treated is electrochemically sterilized by being immersed in a water and energized. As described above, in the present invention, unlike the electrolytic cell which is a conventional water treatment apparatus, since the electrode is immersed in the water to be treated, there is no need to prepare and install the electrolytic cell itself, and the electrolytic cell is not electrolyzed. No piping or energy is required for introduction and discharge into the tank, and if over-low is enabled, resistance is reduced and electrode blockage can be prevented, and water leakage countermeasures and installation space for the electrolytic tank are also unnecessary, Almost no electrode replacement or cleaning is required. Therefore, economical operation is possible in terms of both energy and equipment, and the use of a plurality of metal substrates is particularly suitable for treating a large amount of water to be treated.

The electrochemical water treatment method according to the present invention comprises:
A water treatment method (claim 2), characterized in that a metal substrate carrying a catalyst is energized in the water to be treated to perform electrochemical sterilization of the water to be treated. In the present invention, a plurality of electrodes are not required as in the above-described device of the present invention, and a single electrode may be used. In this case, a gasket is not required, so that the structure is further simplified. , A great energy saving can be achieved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

1 illustrates an embodiment of the electrochemical water treatment apparatus of the present invention, FIG. 1a is a plan view thereof, and FIG. 1b is a side view thereof.

2A is a sectional view taken along line AA 'of FIG. 1, FIG. 2B is a sectional view taken along line BB' of FIG. 1, and FIG. 2C is a sectional view taken along line CC 'of FIG.

FIG. 3 illustrates another embodiment of the electrochemical water treatment apparatus of the present invention. FIG. 3a shows an example in which three auxiliary power supply rods are connected, and FIG. 3b shows one example in which one auxiliary power supply rod is connected. An example is shown below.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing an example of treated water treatment using the apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing another example of the treatment of the water to be treated using the apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing still another example of the treatment of the water to be treated using the apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing still another example of the treatment of the water to be treated using the apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing still another example of the treatment of the water to be treated using the apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing still another example of the treatment of the water to be treated using the apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing still another example of the treatment water to be treated using the apparatus of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Metal electrode 1 ', 1 "... Terminal electrode 2 ...
-Gasket 3-Resin frame 4-Electrode structure 5, 5 ', 5a, 5b, 5c-Power supply rod 6
・ ・ Gutter 7 ・ ・ ・ Tank 8 ・ ・ ・ Stand 9 ・ ・ ・ Tube for supply of water to be treated 10 ・ ・ ・ Gutter 11 ・ ・ ・ Tank 12 ・ ・ ・ Stand 13 ・ ・ ・ Plate 14 ・ ・ ・ Water to be treated Supply pipe 15 ・ ・ ・
Pump 16 ・ ・ ・ Circulation pipe 17 ・ ・ ・ Ultrasonic generator

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A method according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of metal substrates supporting a catalyst are laminated via a gasket, and the outer periphery thereof is fixed with an electrically insulating material. An apparatus for performing electrochemical sterilization of the above. 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the catalyst is a noble metal selected from platinum, iridium, and ruthenium, or an alloy or oxide thereof. 3. A method for treating water, comprising supplying electricity to a metal substrate carrying a catalyst in the water to be treated to perform electrochemical sterilization of the water to be treated. 4. The water treatment method according to claim 2, wherein the current supply to the metal substrate is performed while reversing the polarity of the electrode. 5. A metal substrate supporting a catalyst is placed in the water to be treated so as to act as a weir against the flow of the water to be treated, and the metal substrate is energized to perform electrochemical sterilization of the water to be treated. Performing a water treatment method.