JPH11148727A - Hot-water supplying system utilizing solar heat - Google Patents
Hot-water supplying system utilizing solar heatInfo
- Publication number
- JPH11148727A JPH11148727A JP9336374A JP33637497A JPH11148727A JP H11148727 A JPH11148727 A JP H11148727A JP 9336374 A JP9336374 A JP 9336374A JP 33637497 A JP33637497 A JP 33637497A JP H11148727 A JPH11148727 A JP H11148727A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- temperature
- hot water
- heat exchanger
- pipe
- heat
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 173
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002528 anti-freeze Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001285 shape-memory alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
Landscapes
- Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、太陽熱を利用して給湯
を行う太陽熱利用給湯システムに関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a solar hot water supply system for supplying hot water using solar heat.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来より太陽熱利用給湯システムとし
て、次のものが知られている。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, the following is known as a solar hot water supply system.
【０００３】（１）太陽熱集熱器が貯湯槽を兼ね、水を
直接太陽熱集熱器に供給して加熱し、貯湯される汲み置
き式のシステム(1) A solar heat collector also serves as a hot water storage tank, and water is directly supplied to the solar heat collector to heat it, and a hot water storage type system is stored.
【０００４】（２）太陽熱集熱器の上方に貯湯槽を配置
し、太陽熱集熱器で加熱されたお湯が自然対流で貯湯槽
内の水と入れ替わり貯湯される自然循環式のシステム(2) A natural circulation system in which a hot water storage tank is arranged above the solar heat collector, and the hot water heated by the solar heat collector is replaced with water in the hot water tank by natural convection and stored.
【０００５】（３）太陽熱集熱器から離れたところに貯
湯槽を配置し、貯湯槽内の水を直接循環ポンプで太陽熱
集熱器に供給して加熱する直接加熱型強制循環式のシス
テム(3) A direct heating type forced circulation system in which a hot water storage tank is disposed at a position away from the solar heat collector and water in the hot water storage tank is supplied to the solar heat collector by a direct circulation pump and heated.
【０００６】（４）太陽熱集熱器から離れたところに貯
湯槽を配置し、貯湯槽に熱交換器を内蔵させ、専用の熱
媒体（例えば不凍液等）を循環ポンプで太陽熱集熱器に
供給して加熱し、熱交換器に熱媒体を流して貯湯槽内の
水を加熱する間接加熱型強制循環式のシステム(4) A hot water tank is arranged at a place away from the solar heat collector, a heat exchanger is built in the hot water tank, and a dedicated heat medium (for example, antifreeze) is supplied to the solar heat collector by a circulation pump. Indirect heating type forced circulation system that heats the water and heats the water in the hot water tank by flowing the heat medium through the heat exchanger
【０００７】これらのシステムの中で、（４）の間接加
熱型強制循環システムは、冬期における配管の凍結防止
に最も優れたシステムとして知られている。[0007] Among these systems, the indirect heating type forced circulation system (4) is known as the most excellent system for preventing freezing of piping in winter.
【０００８】この間接加熱型強制循環システムでは、図
２に示すように、太陽熱集熱器１０の入口と熱交換器１
１の出口を連結する往き配管１２と、太陽熱集熱器１０
の出口と熱交換器１１の入口を連結する戻り配管１３に
よって太陽熱集熱器１０と貯湯槽１４が接続される。In this indirect heating type forced circulation system, as shown in FIG. 2, an inlet of a solar heat collector 10 and a heat exchanger 1
1 and an outgoing pipe 12 connecting the outlets 1
The solar heat collector 10 and the hot water tank 14 are connected by a return pipe 13 connecting the outlet of the heat exchanger 11 and the inlet of the heat exchanger 11.
【０００９】往き配管１２には、循環ポンプ１５と、熱
媒体を貯めるためのリザーブタンク１６が取り付けら
れ、熱交換器１１から出た熱媒体は、往き配管１２から
リザーブタンク１６に入り、さらにリザーブタンク１６
から出て、循環ポンプ１５を経た後、往き配管１２から
太陽熱集熱器１０に流れ、太陽熱集熱器１０で加熱され
る。太陽熱集熱器１０で温められた熱媒体は、戻り配管
１３から熱交換器１１に流れ、貯湯槽１４内の水を間接
的に加熱して熱交換器１１から出ていく。A circulation pump 15 and a reserve tank 16 for storing a heat medium are attached to the outgoing pipe 12, and the heat medium flowing out of the heat exchanger 11 enters the reserve tank 16 through the outgoing pipe 12, and is further reserved. Tank 16
After passing through the circulation pump 15, it flows from the outgoing pipe 12 to the solar heat collector 10 and is heated by the solar heat collector 10. The heat medium heated by the solar heat collector 10 flows from the return pipe 13 to the heat exchanger 11, indirectly heats the water in the hot water storage tank 14, and exits from the heat exchanger 11.
【００１０】一般に太陽熱集熱器１０の出口には、熱媒
体の温度を検知する高温側温度センサー１７が取り付け
られ、また貯湯槽１４には、貯湯槽１４底部の水温を検
知する低温側温度センサー１８が取り付けられ、高温側
温度センサー１７の検知温度と低温側温度センサー１８
の検知温度との差が一定温度以上になると、循環ポンプ
１５が起動して熱媒体が循環し、一方、両者の温度差が
一定温度以下になると、循環ポンプ１５が停止するとい
う制御を行う。Generally, at the outlet of the solar heat collector 10, a high temperature side temperature sensor 17 for detecting the temperature of the heat medium is attached, and in the hot water storage tank 14, a low temperature side temperature sensor for detecting the water temperature at the bottom of the hot water storage tank 14 is provided. 18, the detection temperature of the high temperature side temperature sensor 17 and the low temperature side temperature sensor 18
When the difference from the detected temperature becomes equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature, the circulation pump 15 is activated to circulate the heat medium, while when the temperature difference between the two becomes equal to or lower than the predetermined temperature, the circulation pump 15 is stopped.
【００１１】従って、晴天日の朝に太陽が出て、太陽熱
集熱器１０内の熱媒体が加熱され温度が上がり、その熱
媒体温度と貯湯槽１４内の水温との差が、一定温度以上
になると、循環ポンプ１５が起動して集熱運転を始め
る。そして日中、集熱し続けた後、太陽熱集熱器１０内
の熱媒体温度と貯湯槽１４内の湯温との差が一定温度以
下になると、循環ポンプ１５が停止して放熱運転を防止
し、効率良く太陽熱を集熱する。Therefore, when the sun comes out on the morning of a fine day, the heat medium in the solar heat collector 10 is heated and the temperature rises, and the difference between the heat medium temperature and the water temperature in the hot water storage tank 14 is equal to or higher than a certain temperature. Then, the circulation pump 15 is started to start the heat collecting operation. During the daytime, after continuing to collect heat, when the difference between the temperature of the heat medium in the solar heat collector 10 and the temperature of the hot water in the hot water storage tank 14 becomes lower than a certain temperature, the circulation pump 15 is stopped to prevent the heat radiation operation. Collects solar heat efficiently.
【００１２】また貯湯槽１４の上部には、給湯配管１９
が取り付けられ、貯湯槽１４の底部には、給水配管２０
が取り付けられており、給湯配管１９から一定量のお湯
が外部に取り出されると、同量の水が給水配管２０を介
して貯湯槽１４内に供給される。尚、図中の２１は空気
抜き弁、２２は安全弁、２３は減圧逆止弁を示すもので
ある。A hot water supply pipe 19 is provided above the hot water storage tank 14.
A water supply pipe 20 is provided at the bottom of the hot water storage tank 14.
When a certain amount of hot water is taken out from the hot water supply pipe 19, the same amount of water is supplied into the hot water storage tank 14 via the water supply pipe 20. In the figure, 21 is an air vent valve, 22 is a safety valve, and 23 is a pressure reducing check valve.
【００１３】[0013]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】上記した間接加熱型強
制循環式のシステムでは、貯湯槽１４内のお湯の使用量
が少なかったり、全く使用されない時に晴天日が続く
と、貯湯槽１４内のお湯が高温になって危険であるた
め、通常は、貯湯槽１４内の湯温が８０〜９０℃に達し
た時点で循環ポンプ１５を停止して集熱運転を止め、そ
れ以上温度が上がるのを防止するようにしている。In the above-described system of the indirect heating type forced circulation type, when the amount of hot water in the hot water storage tank 14 is small or when it is not used at all and the sunny day continues, the hot water in the hot water storage tank 14 is not used. Since the temperature of the hot water is high and it is dangerous, the circulation pump 15 is stopped when the temperature of the hot water in the hot water storage tank 14 reaches 80 to 90 ° C., and the heat collection operation is stopped. I try to prevent it.
【００１４】しかしながら、このように循環ポンプ１５
を停止した時に、日射量が大きいと、太陽熱集熱器１０
内に残っている熱媒体が加熱され、１００℃以上になる
場合があり、熱媒体の耐熱温度を越えるため、熱媒体が
著しく劣化し、寿命が短くなるという問題があった。However, the circulation pump 15
When the solar radiation is large when the solar heat collector is stopped,
The heating medium remaining inside may be heated to 100 ° C. or more, and may exceed the heat-resistant temperature of the heating medium. Therefore, there is a problem that the heating medium is significantly deteriorated and the life is shortened.
【００１５】通常、熱媒体としては、ポリプロピレング
リコール等の不凍液が使用されるが、これが劣化する
と、早急にリザーブタンクから全ての熱媒体を抜き出
し、新たな熱媒体を供給する必要があり、これらの作業
回数が増えることは、コストや作業性の点から望ましく
ない。また熱媒体が劣化すると、最悪の場合、蒸発残留
物が、太陽熱集熱器内や循環経路に詰まってしまい運転
不能となることもあった。Normally, an antifreeze such as polypropylene glycol is used as a heat medium. If the heat medium deteriorates, it is necessary to immediately remove all heat medium from the reserve tank and supply a new heat medium. Increasing the number of operations is not desirable in terms of cost and workability. When the heat medium deteriorates, in the worst case, the evaporation residue may become clogged in the solar heat collector or the circulation path, and may become inoperable.
【００１６】本発明は、かかる点に鑑みてなされたもの
であり、貯湯槽内のお湯が高温になっても、循環ポンプ
を停止することなく、貯湯槽内の湯温の上昇を防止で
き、熱媒体を劣化させることなく使用できる太陽熱利用
給湯システムを提供することを目的とするものである。The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and can prevent a rise in the temperature of hot water in a hot water tank without stopping a circulation pump even if the temperature of hot water in the hot water tank becomes high. It is an object of the present invention to provide a solar hot water supply system that can be used without deteriorating a heat medium.
【００１７】[0017]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明の太陽熱利用給湯
システムは、太陽熱集熱器と、お湯を貯める貯湯槽と、
貯湯槽内の底部付近に取り付けられた第１の熱交換器
と、貯湯槽内の第１の熱交換器よりも上方に取り付けら
れた第２の熱交換器と、貯湯槽の外部に設けられ、第１
の熱交換器の出口と第２の熱交換器の入口とを連結する
第１の連結管と、第１の熱交換器の出口と第２の熱交換
器の出口とを連結する第２の連結管と、第１の連結管と
太陽熱集熱器の出口を連結する戻り配管と、第１の連結
管の戻り配管との分岐部に取り付けられた第１の三方弁
と、第２の連結管と太陽熱集熱器の入口を連結する往き
配管と、第２の連結管の往き配管との分岐部に取り付け
られた第２の三方弁と、往き配管の途中に取り付けら
れ、太陽熱集熱器と第１及び第２の熱交換器の間で熱媒
体を循環させるための循環ポンプと、第２の連結管と循
環ポンプの間で往き配管に取り付けられたリザーブタン
クと、循環ポンプの起動・停止を行う制御回路と、貯湯
槽の底部に取り付けられた給水配管と、貯湯槽の上部に
取り付けられた給湯配管と、貯湯槽内の第１の熱交換器
の近傍に取り付けられた湯温を検知する温圧弁又は温調
弁を備えてなり、貯湯槽内の第１の熱交換器の近傍に湯
温を検知する第１の温度センサーが取り付けられ、貯湯
槽内の第２の熱交換器の近傍に湯温を検知する第２の温
度センサーが取り付けられ、太陽熱集熱器の出口付近に
熱媒体温度を検知する第３の温度センサーが取り付けら
れ、第２の温度センサーの検知温度が、予め設定された
第１の設定温度より低い時、第３の温度センサーの検知
温度が第２の温度センサーの検知温度より一定温度以上
高くなると、循環ポンプが起動し、熱媒体が、戻り配
管、第１の連結管、第２の熱交換器、第２の連結管、リ
ザーブタンク、循環ポンプ、往き配管、太陽熱集熱器の
順に流れ、第２の温度センサーの検知温度が第１の設定
温度より高い時、第３の温度センサーの検知温度が第１
の温度センサーの検知温度より一定温度以上高くなる
と、循環ポンプが起動し、熱媒体が、戻り配管、第１の
連結管、第１の熱交換器、第２の連結管、リザーブタン
ク、循環ポンプ、往き配管、太陽熱集熱器の順に流れ、
第１及び第２の温度センサーの検知温度が、第１の設定
温度より低く設定された第２の設定温度より高い時、第
３の温度センサーの検知温度が第１及び第２の温度セン
サーの検知温度より一定温度以下になると、循環ポンプ
が起動し、熱媒体が、戻り配管、第１の連結管、第２の
熱交換器、第２の連結管、リザーブタンク、循環ポン
プ、往き配管、太陽熱集熱器の順に流れることを特徴と
する。A solar hot water supply system according to the present invention includes a solar heat collector, a hot water storage tank for storing hot water,
A first heat exchanger mounted near the bottom in the hot water tank, a second heat exchanger mounted above the first heat exchanger in the hot water tank, and provided outside the hot water tank. , First
A first connecting pipe connecting the outlet of the heat exchanger and the inlet of the second heat exchanger, and a second connecting pipe connecting the outlet of the first heat exchanger and the outlet of the second heat exchanger. A connection pipe, a return pipe connecting the first connection pipe to the outlet of the solar heat collector, a first three-way valve attached to a branch of the return pipe of the first connection pipe, and a second connection An outgoing pipe connecting the pipe and the inlet of the solar heat collector, a second three-way valve attached to a branch of the outgoing pipe of the second connecting pipe, and a solar heat collector attached in the middle of the outgoing pipe. A circulating pump for circulating a heat medium between the first heat exchanger and the first and second heat exchangers; a reserve tank attached to the outgoing pipe between the second connecting pipe and the circulating pump; A control circuit for stopping, a water supply pipe installed at the bottom of the hot water tank, and a hot water supply installed at the top of the hot water tank A hot-water pressure valve or a temperature control valve for detecting the temperature of the hot water, which is attached near the first heat exchanger in the hot-water tank, and has a hot-water temperature near the first heat exchanger in the hot-water tank. A first temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the hot water, a second temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the hot water near the second heat exchanger in the hot water tank, and a heat medium temperature near the outlet of the solar heat collector. Is installed, and when the detected temperature of the second temperature sensor is lower than a preset first set temperature, the detected temperature of the third temperature sensor is set to the second temperature sensor. When the temperature becomes higher than the detection temperature by a certain temperature or more, the circulation pump starts, and the heat medium returns to the return pipe, the first connection pipe, the second heat exchanger, the second connection pipe, the reserve tank, the circulation pump, the outgoing pipe, It flows in the order of the solar collector, and the detected temperature of the second temperature sensor When There higher than the first set temperature, the temperature detected by the third temperature sensor is first
When the temperature becomes higher than the detection temperature of the temperature sensor by a certain temperature or more, the circulation pump is started, and the heat medium is returned to the return pipe, the first connection pipe, the first heat exchanger, the second connection pipe, the reserve tank, and the circulation pump. Flows in the order of outgoing piping, solar collector,
When the detected temperatures of the first and second temperature sensors are higher than a second set temperature that is set lower than the first set temperature, the detected temperature of the third temperature sensor is set to be lower than the first and second temperature sensors. When the temperature falls below a certain temperature from the detected temperature, the circulation pump starts, and the heat medium is returned to the return pipe, the first connection pipe, the second heat exchanger, the second connection pipe, the reserve tank, the circulation pump, the outgoing pipe, It flows in the order of the solar heat collector.
【００１８】また本発明の太陽熱利用給湯システムは、
温圧弁又は温調弁の設定温度が６０〜９９℃であり、第
１の設定温度が５５℃〜９０℃であり、第２の設定温度
が４５〜８０℃であることを特徴とする。Further, the solar hot water supply system of the present invention comprises:
The temperature setting of the temperature control valve or the temperature control valve is 60 to 99 ° C., the first temperature is 55 to 90 ° C., and the second temperature is 45 to 80 ° C.
【００１９】[0019]
【作用】本発明の太陽熱利用給湯システムにおいては、
通常の集熱運転時、すなわち第２の温度センサーの検知
温度が、予め設定された第１の設定温度より低い時、第
３の温度センサーの検知温度が、第２の温度センサーの
検知温度より一定温度以上高くなると、循環ポンプが起
動し、熱媒体が戻り配管、第１の連結管、第２の熱交換
器、第２の連結管、リザーブタンク、循環ポンプ、往き
配管、太陽熱集熱器の順に流れる。この時、貯湯槽内の
第２の熱交換器よりも上部の水が温められるが、それよ
り下の水は温められない。According to the solar hot water supply system of the present invention,
During normal heat collection operation, that is, when the detected temperature of the second temperature sensor is lower than the first preset temperature, the detected temperature of the third temperature sensor is higher than the detected temperature of the second temperature sensor. When the temperature rises above a certain temperature, the circulation pump starts, and the heat medium returns and the return pipe, the first connection pipe, the second heat exchanger, the second connection pipe, the reserve tank, the circulation pump, the outgoing pipe, and the solar heat collector It flows in the order of At this time, the water above the second heat exchanger in the hot water tank is warmed, but the water below it is not heated.
【００２０】その後、第３の温度センサーの検知温度と
第２の温度センサーの検知温度の差が一定温度以下にな
ると、循環ポンプが停止する。日中や夕方、あるいは夜
間に貯湯槽内のお湯が使用されると、翌朝は水温から集
熱が開始され、貯湯槽と集熱面積の比率にもよるが、通
常、晴天日であっても、１日で貯湯槽内の湯温が相当高
温になることはなく、太陽熱集熱器内の熱媒体の温度も
貯湯槽内の湯温より一定温度以上に高くはならない。Thereafter, when the difference between the temperature detected by the third temperature sensor and the temperature detected by the second temperature sensor falls below a certain temperature, the circulating pump stops. If hot water in the hot water tank is used during the day, evening, or night, heat collection starts from the water temperature the next morning, depending on the ratio between the hot water tank and the heat collection area. In one day, the temperature of the hot water in the hot water storage tank does not become considerably high, and the temperature of the heat medium in the solar heat collector does not become higher than a certain temperature than the hot water temperature in the hot water storage tank.
【００２１】ところが貯湯槽内のお湯の使用量が少ない
時や未使用の時に晴天日が続き、循環ポンプが起動して
貯湯槽内の湯温が徐々に上昇し、第２の温度センサーの
検知温度が、第１の設定温度より高くなり、第３の温度
センサーの検知温度が、第１の温度センサーの検知温度
より一定温度以上高くなると、第１及び第２の三方弁に
よって第２の熱交換器から第１の熱交換器に熱媒体の流
れが切り替わり、第１の熱交換器によって貯湯槽下部の
水が温められる。そしてこの水は、第２の熱交換器より
上部のお湯と同じ温度、つまり第１の設定温度になるま
で温められ、第１の設定温度を越えても、第１の熱交換
器で貯湯槽内のお湯が引き続き加熱される。However, when the amount of hot water in the hot water tank is small or unused, the sunny day continues, the circulating pump is activated, and the temperature of the hot water in the hot water tank gradually rises, and the second temperature sensor detects the hot water. When the temperature becomes higher than the first set temperature and the temperature detected by the third temperature sensor becomes higher than the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor by a certain temperature or more, the second heat is generated by the first and second three-way valves. The flow of the heat medium is switched from the exchanger to the first heat exchanger, and the water in the lower part of the hot water storage tank is warmed by the first heat exchanger. This water is heated to the same temperature as the hot water above the second heat exchanger, that is, to the first set temperature. Even if the temperature exceeds the first set temperature, the hot water is stored in the first heat exchanger. The hot water inside is continuously heated.
【００２２】従って第２の熱交換器よりも下部の貯湯量
が、その後の集熱量に見合った分であれば、夕方の集熱
終了時点での貯湯槽内の湯温を第１の設定温度以下にす
ることができ、第１の設定温度を熱媒体の耐熱温度以下
にしておけば、循環ポンプを停止することなく、熱媒体
の劣化を防止できる。Therefore, if the amount of hot water stored below the second heat exchanger is commensurate with the amount of heat collected thereafter, the temperature of the hot water in the hot water storage tank at the end of the heat collection in the evening is set to the first set temperature. If the first set temperature is equal to or lower than the heat-resistant temperature of the heat medium, the deterioration of the heat medium can be prevented without stopping the circulation pump.
【００２３】またお湯が使用されずに、翌日、晴天日の
場合も同様に、第２の温度センサーの検知温度が第１の
設定温度以上に達すると、第１及び第２の三方弁によっ
て第２の熱交換器から第１の熱交換器に熱媒体の流れが
切り替わるが、この時、第２の熱交換器よりも下部の湯
温があまり高いと、すぐに第１の設定温度に達し、貯湯
槽全体の湯温が第１の設定温度以上になってしまう。Similarly, when hot water is not used and the temperature detected by the second temperature sensor reaches or exceeds the first set temperature on the next day or on a sunny day, the first and second three-way valves are used. The flow of the heat medium is switched from the second heat exchanger to the first heat exchanger. At this time, if the temperature of the hot water below the second heat exchanger is too high, the temperature immediately reaches the first set temperature. Then, the temperature of the hot water in the entire hot water tank becomes higher than the first set temperature.
【００２４】そこでお湯が使われずに、晴天日が続いた
場合でも、貯湯槽内のお湯の最高到達温度が、第１の設
定温度を越えないようにするには、つまり第２の熱交換
器から第１の熱交換器への切り替え時刻を遅らせ、且
つ、切り替え後も第２の熱交換器より下部の貯湯分で集
熱量を吸収できるように、朝の集熱開始時の貯湯槽内の
湯温を、第１の設定温度より低い第２の設定温度以下に
しておく必要がある。そのため夕方、集熱終了後、第１
及び第２の温度センサーの検知温度が、第２の設定温度
より高く、且つ、第３の温度センサーの検知温度が、第
１及び第２の温度センサーの検知温度より一定温度以下
になると、つまり貯湯槽内の湯温より集熱器の温度が低
くなると、循環ポンプが起動して放熱運転し、貯湯槽内
の湯温を第２の設定温度まで下げることができる。In order to prevent the maximum temperature of the hot water in the hot water tank from exceeding the first set temperature even when the sunny day continues without using hot water, the second heat exchanger is used. In order to delay the time of switching from the first heat exchanger to the first heat exchanger, and to be able to absorb the amount of heat collected by the amount of hot water stored below the second heat exchanger even after the switching, the inside of the hot water storage tank at the start of heat collection in the morning It is necessary to keep the hot water temperature at or below a second set temperature lower than the first set temperature. Therefore, after the heat collection in the evening,
And when the detection temperature of the second temperature sensor is higher than the second set temperature, and the detection temperature of the third temperature sensor is lower than a certain temperature than the detection temperature of the first and second temperature sensors, When the temperature of the heat collector becomes lower than the temperature of the hot water in the hot water tank, the circulation pump is activated to perform the heat radiation operation, and the temperature of the hot water in the hot water tank can be reduced to the second set temperature.
【００２５】また万一、この放熱運転で、第２の設定温
度まで下がりきらないような場合、貯湯槽内の湯温が第
１の設定温度を越えて上昇し、温圧弁または温調弁の設
定温度に達し、第１の熱交換器付近のお湯が弁から排出
されると同時に、同量の水が貯湯槽の底部から第１の熱
交換器付近に供給されるため、貯湯槽内の湯温は、温圧
弁または温調弁の設定温度以上にはならない。If the heat dissipation operation does not allow the temperature to drop to the second set temperature, the temperature of the hot water in the hot water storage tank rises above the first set temperature, and the temperature of the hot pressure valve or the temperature control valve is increased. When the set temperature is reached, hot water near the first heat exchanger is discharged from the valve, and at the same time, the same amount of water is supplied from the bottom of the hot water tank to the vicinity of the first heat exchanger. The hot water temperature does not become higher than the set temperature of the temperature pressure valve or the temperature control valve.
【００２６】また温圧弁または温調弁の取付位置は、貯
湯槽の底部付近に位置する第１の熱交換器付近であるた
め、第１の熱交換器よりも上方の貯湯槽のお湯が排出さ
れることはなく、排出量は僅かである。Since the hot-pressure valve or the temperature control valve is mounted near the first heat exchanger located near the bottom of the hot water tank, the hot water in the hot water tank above the first heat exchanger is discharged. And no emissions.
【００２７】さらに貯湯槽内の湯温は、第１の設定温
度、または温圧弁や温調弁の設定温度以下に抑えられる
ため、温圧弁や温調弁の設定温度を熱媒体の耐熱温度以
下、具体的には、６０〜９９℃にし、且つ、第１の設定
温度を温圧弁や温調弁の設定温度よりも低く、具体的に
は、５５〜９０℃にしておけば、太陽熱集熱器内の熱媒
体の劣化を防止することができる。Further, the temperature of the hot water in the hot water storage tank can be suppressed to the first set temperature or the set temperature of the temperature control valve or the temperature control valve. Specifically, if the temperature is set to 60 to 99 ° C. and the first set temperature is lower than the set temperature of the temperature control valve or the temperature control valve, specifically, 55 to 90 ° C., solar heat collection Deterioration of the heat medium in the vessel can be prevented.
【００２８】尚、第２の設定温度は、第１の設定温度よ
りも低く、具体的には、４５〜８０℃にしておけば、翌
朝、お湯を使用することができ、また循環ポンプの放熱
運転時間を最小限にすることができる。If the second set temperature is lower than the first set temperature, specifically, if it is set at 45 to 80 ° C., hot water can be used the next morning, Operation time can be minimized.
【００２９】また本発明においては、第２の熱交換器よ
り上部のお湯から取り出されるため、高い温度のお湯か
ら順に利用できる。In the present invention, since the hot water is taken out from the hot water above the second heat exchanger, the hot water can be used in order from the hot water having the higher temperature.
【００３０】尚、第１の熱交換器と第２の熱交換器の切
り替えに使われる三方弁は、電磁三方弁または電動三方
弁、あるいはワックスサーモや形状記憶合金等を利用し
たものでも良い。Incidentally, the three-way valve used for switching between the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger may be an electromagnetic three-way valve or an electric three-way valve, or a device using wax thermo, shape memory alloy or the like.
【００３１】[0031]
【実施例】以下、本発明の太陽熱利用給湯システムを実
施例に基づいて詳細に説明する。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a solar hot water supply system of the present invention will be described in detail based on embodiments.
【００３２】図１は、本発明の太陽熱利用給湯システム
を示す説明図である。FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a solar hot water supply system according to the present invention.
【００３３】図中、太陽熱集熱器１０は、真空ガラス管
（外径φ１２６ｍｍ×全長２８３０ｍｍ）の中に、表面
を選択吸収膜処理した幅１１６ｍｍ、長さ２６２０ｍ
ｍ、厚み０．４ｍｍの鉄製集熱板と、この鉄製集熱板の
中心軸にプレスでかしめられた外径φ１５．８８ｍｍ、
厚み０．６ｍｍの銅製熱媒管をサポータで保持して収納
した形態を有する集熱管を１２本使用したものであり、
その有効集熱面積は、３．６４ｍ2 である。また貯湯槽
１４は、ステンレス製（外径φ５３０ｍｍ×全長１４４
５ｍｍ）で、貯湯量は、約３００リットルである。貯湯
槽１４内に取り付けられた第１の熱交換器２４は、ステ
ンレス製（外径φ１６ｍｍ、全長８ｍ）であり、伝熱面
積は、０．４ｍ2 、取付位置は貯湯槽１４の底面から３
０〜２１０ｍｍの範囲である。In the figure, a solar heat collector 10 is placed in a vacuum glass tube (outer diameter φ126 mm × total length 2830 mm) in which the surface is selectively absorbing and is 116 mm wide and 2620 m long.
m, an iron heat collecting plate having a thickness of 0.4 mm, and an outer diameter φ15.88 mm caulked by a press on the central axis of the iron heat collecting plate.
It uses 12 heat collecting tubes having a form in which a copper heat medium tube having a thickness of 0.6 mm is held and stored by a supporter,
Its effective heat collecting area is 3.64 m 2 . The hot water storage tank 14 is made of stainless steel (outside diameter φ530 mm x total length 144).
5 mm), and the hot water storage amount is about 300 liters. The first heat exchanger 24 mounted in the hot water storage tank 14 is made of stainless steel (outer diameter φ16 mm, total length 8 m), has a heat transfer area of 0.4 m 2 , and is mounted at a position 3 mm from the bottom of the hot water storage tank 14.
The range is 0 to 210 mm.
【００３４】第２の熱交換器２５も、ステンレス製（外
径φ１６ｍｍ、全長８ｍ）で、伝熱面積は０．４ｍ2 、
取付位置は貯湯槽１４の底面から４２０〜６８０ｍｍの
範囲である。第２の熱交換器２５の下面から上部の貯湯
量は約２００リットル、下部の貯湯量は約１００リット
ルである。The second heat exchanger 25 is also made of stainless steel (outer diameter φ16 mm, total length 8 m), has a heat transfer area of 0.4 m 2 ,
The mounting position is within a range of 420 to 680 mm from the bottom surface of the hot water storage tank 14. The amount of hot water stored in the upper portion from the lower surface of the second heat exchanger 25 is about 200 liters, and the amount of hot water stored in the lower portion is about 100 liters.
【００３５】第１の熱交換器２４の出口と第２の熱交換
器２５の入口は、第１の連結管２６で接続され、第１の
熱交換器２４の出口と第２の熱交換器２５の出口は、第
２の連結管２７で接続されている。The outlet of the first heat exchanger 24 and the inlet of the second heat exchanger 25 are connected by a first connecting pipe 26, and the outlet of the first heat exchanger 24 is connected to the second heat exchanger. The outlets 25 are connected by a second connecting pipe 27.
【００３６】また第１の連結管２６の戻り配管１３との
分岐部には、第１の三方弁２８が取り付けられ、第２の
連結管２７の往き配管１２との分岐部には、第２の三方
弁２９が取り付けられている。A first three-way valve 28 is attached to a branch of the first connecting pipe 26 with the return pipe 13, and a second three-way valve 28 is installed at a branch of the second connecting pipe 27 with the outgoing pipe 12. The three-way valve 29 is attached.
【００３７】リザーブタンク１６は、ポリエチレン成形
品であり、その容量は約２０リットルである。循環ポン
プ１５の出力は１００Ｖ・１１５Ｗであり、減圧逆止弁
２３の設定圧力は０．８０ｋｇ／ｃｍ2 であり、安全弁
２２の設定圧力は０．９５ｋｇ／ｃｍ2 であり、熱媒体
としてポリプロピレングリコールの不凍液を使用した。The reserve tank 16 is a molded polyethylene product and has a capacity of about 20 liters. The output of the circulation pump 15 is 100 V · 115 W, the set pressure of the pressure reducing check valve 23 is 0.80 kg / cm 2 , the set pressure of the safety valve 22 is 0.95 kg / cm 2 , and polypropylene glycol is used as a heat medium. Antifreeze was used.
【００３８】貯湯槽１４内の下部には、第１の熱交換器
２４付近の湯温を検知する第１の温度センサー３０が取
り付けられ、また第２の熱交換器２５付近の湯温を検知
する第２の温度センサー３１も取り付けられ、太陽熱集
熱器１０の出口付近には、第３の温度センサー３２が取
り付けられている。これらの温度センサー３０、３１、
３２は、いずれもサーミスタであり、循環ポンプ１５の
動きを制御する制御盤（図示せず）に接続されている。A first temperature sensor 30 for detecting the temperature of the hot water near the first heat exchanger 24 is attached to the lower part of the hot water storage tank 14, and the temperature of the hot water near the second heat exchanger 25 is detected. A second temperature sensor 31 is also attached, and a third temperature sensor 32 is attached near the outlet of the solar heat collector 10. These temperature sensors 30, 31,
Reference numeral 32 denotes a thermistor, which is connected to a control panel (not shown) for controlling the operation of the circulation pump 15.
【００３９】この制御条件は、第３の温度センサー３２
の検知温度が、第２の温度センサー３１の検知温度より
７℃高い時、循環ポンプ１５を起動し、第３の温度セン
サー３２の検知温度が第２の温度センサー３１の検知温
度より３℃高い時に循環ポンプ１５を停止するというも
のである。This control condition is determined by the third temperature sensor 32
When the detected temperature is 7 ° C. higher than the detected temperature of the second temperature sensor 31, the circulating pump 15 is started, and the detected temperature of the third temperature sensor 32 is 3 ° C. higher than the detected temperature of the second temperature sensor 31. Sometimes, the circulation pump 15 is stopped.
【００４０】貯湯槽１４内の第１の熱交換器２４近傍の
側壁に取り付けられた温調弁３３は、ワックスサーモタ
イプのものであり、その設定温度は８５℃とした。温調
弁３３のサーモ（感温部）の長さは、第１の熱交換器２
４の寸法・形状によって変化するが、第１の熱交換器２
４に接触しない程度にできるだけ長くして、第１の熱交
換器２４周辺の湯温を検知するように設定する。温調弁
３３の取付位置は、貯湯槽１４の底面から１８０ｍｍの
位置とした。尚、第１の設定温度は７５℃とし、第２の
設定温度は６５℃とした。第１及び第２の三方弁２８、
２９は、いずれも電磁式のものであり、第１〜３の温度
センサー３０、３１、３２によって制御されるものであ
る。The temperature control valve 33 attached to the side wall near the first heat exchanger 24 in the hot water storage tank 14 was of a wax thermo type, and the set temperature was 85 ° C. The length of the thermo (temperature sensing part) of the temperature control valve 33 is the first heat exchanger 2
The first heat exchanger 2 varies depending on the size and shape of the first heat exchanger 2.
The length of the hot water around the first heat exchanger 24 is set so as to be as long as possible so as not to touch the heat exchanger 4. The temperature control valve 33 was attached at a position 180 mm from the bottom of the hot water storage tank 14. Note that the first set temperature was 75 ° C. and the second set temperature was 65 ° C. First and second three-way valves 28,
Reference numeral 29 denotes an electromagnetic type, which is controlled by the first to third temperature sensors 30, 31, and 32.
【００４１】[0041]
【発明の効果】以上のように、本発明の太陽熱利用給湯
システムによると、貯湯槽内のお湯の使用量が少なかっ
たり、全く使用されない時に晴天日が続き、貯湯槽内の
お湯が高温になっても、循環ポンプを停止することな
く、貯湯槽内の湯温の上昇を防止できるため、熱媒体を
劣化させることなく使用することが可能である。また日
射量に見合った貯湯量の使い分けができ、太陽熱を有効
に利用できる。As described above, according to the solar hot water supply system of the present invention, when the amount of hot water in the hot water tank is small, or when the hot water in the hot water tank is not used at all, sunny days continue, and the hot water in the hot water tank becomes hot. However, since the temperature of the hot water in the hot water tank can be prevented from rising without stopping the circulation pump, the heat medium can be used without deterioration. In addition, the amount of hot water stored can be properly used according to the amount of solar radiation, and solar heat can be used effectively.
【図１】本発明の太陽熱利用給湯システムを示す説明図
である。FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a solar hot water supply system of the present invention.
【図２】従来の太陽熱利用給湯システムを示す説明図で
ある。FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a conventional solar hot water supply system.
１０ 太陽熱集熱器 １１ 熱交換器 １２ 往き配管 １３ 戻り配管 １４ 貯湯槽 １５ 循環ポンプ １６ リザーブタンク １７ 高温側温度センサー １８ 低温側温度センサー ２４ 第１の熱交換器 ２５ 第２の熱交換器 ２６ 第１の連結管 ２７ 第２の連結管 ２８ 第１の三方弁 ２９ 第２の三方弁 ３０ 第１の温度センサー ３１ 第２の温度センサー ３２ 第３の温度センサー ３３ 温調弁 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 10 solar heat collector 11 heat exchanger 12 outgoing pipe 13 return pipe 14 hot water storage tank 15 circulation pump 16 reserve tank 17 high temperature side temperature sensor 18 low temperature side temperature sensor 24 first heat exchanger 25 second heat exchanger 26 1 connecting pipe 27 second connecting pipe 28 first three-way valve 29 second three-way valve 30 first temperature sensor 31 second temperature sensor 32 third temperature sensor 33 temperature control valve
Claims (2)
と、貯湯槽内の底部付近に取り付けられた第１の熱交換
器と、貯湯槽内の第１の熱交換器よりも上方に取り付け
られた第２の熱交換器と、貯湯槽の外部に設けられ、第
１の熱交換器の出口と第２の熱交換器の入口とを連結す
る第１の連結管と、第１の熱交換器の出口と第２の熱交
換器の出口とを連結する第２の連結管と、第１の連結管
と太陽熱集熱器の出口を連結する戻り配管と、第１の連
結管の戻り配管との分岐部に取り付けられた第１の三方
弁と、第２の連結管と太陽熱集熱器の入口を連結する往
き配管と、第２の連結管の往き配管との分岐部に取り付
けられた第２の三方弁と、往き配管の途中に取り付けら
れ、太陽熱集熱器と第１及び第２の熱交換器の間で熱媒
体を循環させるための循環ポンプと、第２の連結管と循
環ポンプの間で往き配管に取り付けられたリザーブタン
クと、循環ポンプの起動・停止を行う制御回路と、貯湯
槽の底部に取り付けられた給水配管と、貯湯槽の上部に
取り付けられた給湯配管と、貯湯槽内の第１の熱交換器
の近傍に取り付けられた湯温を検知する温圧弁又は温調
弁を備えてなり、貯湯槽内の第１の熱交換器の近傍に湯
温を検知する第１の温度センサーが取り付けられ、貯湯
槽内の第２の熱交換器の近傍に湯温を検知する第２の温
度センサーが取り付けられ、太陽熱集熱器の出口付近に
熱媒体温度を検知する第３の温度センサーが取り付けら
れ、第２の温度センサーの検知温度が、予め設定された
第１の設定温度より低い時、第３の温度センサーの検知
温度が第２の温度センサーの検知温度より一定温度以上
高くなると、循環ポンプが起動し、熱媒体が、戻り配
管、第１の連結管、第２の熱交換器、第２の連結管、リ
ザーブタンク、循環ポンプ、往き配管、太陽熱集熱器の
順に流れ、第２の温度センサーの検知温度が第１の設定
温度より高い時、第３の温度センサーの検知温度が第１
の温度センサーの検知温度より一定温度以上高くなる
と、循環ポンプが起動し、熱媒体が、戻り配管、第１の
連結管、第１の熱交換器、第２の連結管、リザーブタン
ク、循環ポンプ、往き配管、太陽熱集熱器の順に流れ、
第１及び第２の温度センサーの検知温度が、第１の設定
温度より低く設定された第２の設定温度より高い時、第
３の温度センサーの検知温度が第１及び第２の温度セン
サーの検知温度より一定温度以下になると、循環ポンプ
が起動し、熱媒体が、戻り配管、第１の連結管、第２の
熱交換器、第２の連結管、リザーブタンク、循環ポン
プ、往き配管、太陽熱集熱器の順に流れることを特徴と
する太陽熱利用給湯システム。1. A solar heat collector, a hot water storage tank for storing hot water, a first heat exchanger mounted near a bottom of the hot water storage tank, and a first heat exchanger in the hot water storage tank. A second heat exchanger attached, a first connecting pipe provided outside the hot water storage tank and connecting an outlet of the first heat exchanger and an inlet of the second heat exchanger, A second connecting pipe connecting the outlet of the heat exchanger and the outlet of the second heat exchanger, a return pipe connecting the first connecting pipe and the outlet of the solar heat collector, and a first connecting pipe. A first three-way valve attached to a branch of the return pipe, a second pipe connected to an outgoing pipe connecting the inlet of the solar heat collector, and a second connected pipe attached to a branch of the outgoing pipe. And a second three-way valve, which is attached in the middle of the outgoing pipe, and circulates a heat medium between the solar heat collector and the first and second heat exchangers. A circulation pump, a reserve tank attached to the outgoing pipe between the second connecting pipe and the circulation pump, a control circuit for starting / stopping the circulation pump, a water supply pipe attached to the bottom of the hot water storage tank, A hot water supply pipe attached to an upper portion of the tank, and a hot-pressure valve or a temperature control valve attached to the vicinity of the first heat exchanger in the hot water tank to detect a temperature of the hot water. A first temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of hot water is attached near the heat exchanger, and a second temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of hot water is attached near the second heat exchanger in the hot water tank. A third temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the heat medium is attached near the outlet of the vessel, and when the detected temperature of the second temperature sensor is lower than the first preset temperature, the detection of the third temperature sensor is performed. The temperature is higher than the temperature detected by the second temperature sensor. When the temperature rises above a certain temperature, the circulation pump starts and the heat medium returns to the return pipe, the first connection pipe, the second heat exchanger, the second connection pipe, the reserve tank, the circulation pump, the outgoing pipe, and the solar heat collector. When the temperature detected by the second temperature sensor is higher than the first set temperature, the temperature detected by the third temperature sensor becomes the first temperature.
When the temperature becomes higher than the detection temperature of the temperature sensor by a certain temperature or more, the circulation pump is started, and the heat medium is returned to the return pipe, the first connection pipe, the first heat exchanger, the second connection pipe, the reserve tank, and the circulation pump. Flows in the order of outgoing piping, solar collector,
When the detected temperatures of the first and second temperature sensors are higher than a second set temperature that is set lower than the first set temperature, the detected temperature of the third temperature sensor is set to be lower than the first and second temperature sensors. When the temperature falls below a certain temperature from the detected temperature, the circulation pump starts, and the heat medium is returned to the return pipe, the first connection pipe, the second heat exchanger, the second connection pipe, the reserve tank, the circulation pump, the outgoing pipe, A solar hot water supply system characterized by flowing in the order of a solar heat collector.
９℃であり、第１の設定温度が５５〜９０℃であり、第
２の設定温度が４５〜８０℃であることを特徴とする請
求項１記載の太陽熱利用給湯システム。2. The set temperature of a temperature control valve or a temperature control valve is 60 to 9
2. The solar hot water supply system according to claim 1, wherein the temperature is 9 ° C., the first set temperature is 55 to 90 ° C., and the second set temperature is 45 to 80 ° C. 3.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9336374A JPH11148727A (en) | 1997-11-19 | 1997-11-19 | Hot-water supplying system utilizing solar heat |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9336374A JPH11148727A (en) | 1997-11-19 | 1997-11-19 | Hot-water supplying system utilizing solar heat |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH11148727A true JPH11148727A (en) | 1999-06-02 |
Family
ID=18298483
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9336374A Pending JPH11148727A (en) | 1997-11-19 | 1997-11-19 | Hot-water supplying system utilizing solar heat |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH11148727A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100802261B1 (en) | 2006-10-26 | 2008-02-11 | 주식회사 강남 | Heat storage tank for solar heating and hot water supply |
-
1997
- 1997-11-19 JP JP9336374A patent/JPH11148727A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100802261B1 (en) | 2006-10-26 | 2008-02-11 | 주식회사 강남 | Heat storage tank for solar heating and hot water supply |
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