JPH11149809A - Lighting system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To load the sunlight easily to a lighting port, without tracking the sun, and to collect sunlight effectively even if the lighting port is small. SOLUTION: A rectangular daylighting port 10, whose longitudinal direction is almost equal in north and south directions, is installed on a building, and a lighting system is installed on the lighting port 10. The natural lighting system is composed of a first reflecting mirror 1, a second reflecting mirror 2, and a cover 3 installed above the lighting port 10 so as to cover the lighting port 10. When the altitude of the sun is higher than an inclined angle θ (=60 deg.) of the first reflecting mirror 1, the sunlight which is reflected by a mirror surface 1a of the first reflecting mirror 1 is incident on a mirror surface 2a of the second reflecting mirror 2. Since the second reflecting mirror 2 has a parabolic shape, a part of the first reflected light is reflected by the mirror surface 2a of the second reflecting mirror 2, all of the reflected light passes closer to the second reflecting mirror 2 side than a focus of the second reflecting mirror 2, and all of the second reflected light is made incident on the lighting port 10 located below the second reflecting mirror 2.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a lighting device for guiding sunlight to a lighting opening provided in a building.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 27 is a schematic diagram showing the trajectory of the sun (the path through which the sun passes from sunrise to sunset) on an arbitrary day. The trajectory of the sun changes depending on the season, and the change is largest around the summer solstice and winter solstice, mainly around the spring and autumn equinoxes, but the change is not so large,
In one day, they move on a plane from east to west.

[0003] By the way, there have been proposed various devices for guiding sunlight into a building and lighting it. For example, a condensing device and a heat storage device described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-27425 reflect primary sunlight with a parabolic mirror (parabolic mirror) and convert the primary reflected light to the inner side of the parametric mirror. The light is secondarily reflected by a concave mirror installed in the mirror, and is guided to an opening provided in the center of the service mirror.

[0004]

However, in the conventional apparatus described in the above publication, light parallel to the symmetry axis of the contribution mirror passing through the focal point of the contribution mirror is condensed at a focal point near the concave mirror, and is transmitted through the concave mirror. Can be guided to an optical transmission means such as an optical fiber provided in the opening of the contribution mirror, but as the light incident on the contribution mirror deviates from the above-mentioned axis of symmetry, the primary reflected light at the contribution mirror becomes focused. Light is not condensed in the vicinity, and the amount of light incident on the concave mirror is reduced, so that the amount of light guided to the optical transmission means is also reduced.

[0005] Therefore, the conventional apparatus described above has a problem that unless the sun is tracked, it is impossible to cope with the deviation of the primary reflected light from the focal point of the contributing mirror due to the movement of the sun, and it is not possible to stably collect light. The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to guide sunlight easily to a lighting port without following the sun, and to enable effective lighting even in a small lighting port. Another object of the present invention is to provide a simple lighting device.

[0006]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, in order to achieve the above object, a lower end is installed near at least one of the east-west facing ends of a daylighting opening provided in a building; The upper end is inclined outside the east-west lighting port 1
Secondary reflector and one of the east-west facing ends
From a parabolic mirror having a lower end substantially parallel to the lower end of the primary reflecting mirror between the end facing the lower end of the secondary reflecting mirror and the primary reflecting mirror and having an upper end on the side close to the primary reflecting mirror A primary reflecting mirror, wherein the length of the upper and lower ends of the primary reflecting mirror in the north-south direction is at least substantially equal to the length of the lighting port in the north-south direction, and the lower end of the primary reflecting mirror is a lighting port. Is installed at substantially the same height as the lighting port with respect to the normal direction, and is located at least outside the end of the lighting port with respect to the east-west direction, and the upper end is located at least above the upper end of the secondary reflector. The secondary reflector has an upper end and a lower end in which the north-south length is at least substantially the same as the north-south length of the daylight port, and is located outside the daylight port with respect to the normal direction. Is at least closer to the light opening than the upper end of the primary reflecting mirror, and the focal point is The sun elevation is larger than the angle between the horizontal plane and the primary reflector, characterized in that it is formed outside the lighting opening and inside the end of the lighting opening with respect to the east-west direction. Sometimes, at least a part of the reflected light of the primary reflector is reflected by the secondary reflector and guided to the lighting port, and the sunlight can be easily guided to the lighting port without tracking the sun, so that a small lighting is provided. Lighting can be effectively performed even with the mouth. Moreover, by changing the angle formed by the primary reflecting mirror with respect to the horizontal plane, the lighting range and the amount of light can be easily adjusted.

It is preferable that the primary reflecting mirror be a flat mirror. Also,
When the angle between the primary reflecting mirror and the horizontal plane is set to 45 ° or more as in the third aspect of the invention, it is possible to extend the daylighting range as much as possible while securing the daylighting amount.

Further, it is desirable that the upper end of the secondary reflecting mirror is located substantially directly above one end of the daylight opening facing in the east-west direction. According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to fourth aspects of the present invention, a primary reflector and a secondary reflector are provided on both the east and west sides with respect to the east-west direction substantially center of the lighting opening, The daylighting range can be further expanded and the daylighting amount can be increased.

In a sixth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to fifth aspects of the present invention, an auxiliary reflecting mirror installed on the north side of the primary reflecting mirror and a plurality of prisms on one surface, the primary reflecting mirror being provided. It is characterized by having at least one of a sawtooth prism installed on the south side of the mirror, and it is possible to suppress a decrease in the amount of light collected by an auxiliary reflecting mirror or a sawtooth prism with respect to changes in the sun's trajectory due to the season, Stable lighting is possible throughout the year.

A seventh aspect of the present invention is characterized in that, in any one of the first to sixth aspects of the present invention, at least one of the primary reflecting mirror and the secondary reflecting mirror is formed by a prism. Can be expanded. The invention of claim 8 is
In the invention according to any one of the first to seventh aspects, the angle between the primary reflecting mirror and the horizontal plane is set to approximately 60 °, so that light can be collected relatively efficiently.

[0011]

(Embodiment 1) FIG. 1 is a perspective view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention. In a building such as a house or a building, a rectangular lighting opening 10 whose longitudinal direction substantially coincides with the north-south direction is provided, and the lighting device of the present embodiment is installed on the lighting opening 10. This daylighting device has a mirror surface 1a having a high regular reflectance formed by depositing silver on one surface of a rectangular aluminum plate.
Silver is vapor-deposited on the inner surface of the secondary reflecting mirror 1 and on the inner surface of a rectangular aluminum plate having a surface having a parabolic cross-section (hereinafter, such a surface is referred to as a “parabolic surface”) and has a high regular reflectance. A secondary reflecting mirror 2 formed of a parabolic mirror having a mirror surface 2a formed thereon, and a semi-cylindrical reflecting member formed of a translucent member such as glass or acrylic resin, and a primary reflecting mirror 1 and a secondary reflecting mirror 2 And daylight 1
Cover 3 installed above the lighting port 10 so as to cover
And

The primary reflecting mirror 1 has one end (lower end) facing the longitudinal direction installed near the east end of the lighting port 10, and the other end (upper end) outside (east side) of the lighting port 10. It is inclined so that the angle between the flat surface and the plane including the lighting opening 10 is 60 °. The length of the upper end and the lower end of the primary reflecting mirror 1 is the length in the longitudinal direction of the lighting port 10 (the length in the north-south direction).
And the distance (height) between the plane including the daylighting opening 10 and the upper end is equal to the height of the secondary reflecting mirror 2 to be described later.
Doubled.

On the other hand, the secondary reflecting mirror 2 has a lower end set near the west end of the lighting opening 10 and has a paraboloid whose center coincides with the east end of the lighting opening 10 about a vertical line. ing.
The lengths of the upper end and the lower end of the secondary reflecting mirror 2 are substantially the same as the length in the longitudinal direction (length in the north-south direction) of the lighting port 10, and the plane including the lighting port 10 and the secondary reflecting mirror 2 The distance (height) from the upper end to the upper end is twice the length of the end of the lighting opening 10 facing in the north-south direction. For this reason, the upper end of the secondary reflecting mirror 2 is located directly above the east end of the lighting opening 10.

In the lighting device of this embodiment, the primary reflecting mirror 1 and the secondary reflecting mirror 2 are perpendicular to the sun's trajectory plane M (see FIG. 27) in the spring and autumn equinoxes and are perpendicular to the lighting port 10. Is set to face the south-central direction of the equinox and autumn equinox. The primary reflecting mirror 1 and the secondary reflecting mirror 2 may be formed by evaporating aluminum instead of silver, or by evaporating aluminum or silver on the surface of a steel plate or a stainless steel plate instead of an aluminum plate. Further, in all the following embodiments including the present embodiment, the daylighting port 10 does not mean a so-called daylighting window that is directly attached to a building, but is a sunlight intake port provided directly below the daylighting device. .

In the present embodiment, if the sun altitude is higher than the angle (= 60 °, this angle is referred to as the tilt angle θ) between the surface including the lighting port 10 and the primary reflecting mirror 1, FIG. a)
As shown in (1), sunlight (primary reflected light) reflected on the mirror surface 1a of the primary reflecting mirror 1 is incident on the mirror surface 2a of the secondary reflecting mirror 2. Since the secondary reflecting mirror 2 has a parabolic shape, a part of the primary reflected light is at an angle with respect to the mirror surface 2a of the secondary reflecting mirror 2 above a plane including the lighting port 10. When the light enters, all the reflected light (secondary reflected light) is reflected by the secondary reflecting mirror 2.
Pass through the secondary reflecting mirror 2 side of the focal point. Furthermore, since the focal point of the secondary reflector 2 is located inside the east-west end of the lighting port 10 and below the plane including the lighting port 10 (below), the angle of incidence of the primary reflected light makes the lighting port 10 If the direction is higher than the plane including the light, all of the secondary reflected light from the secondary reflecting mirror 2 will be incident on the lighting port 10 located below the secondary reflected light. When the solar altitude is near the above-mentioned inclination angle θ, there is also light (sunlight) directly entering the lighting port 10 from the gap between the primary reflecting mirror 1 and the secondary reflecting mirror 2 in addition to the lighting by the lighting device. The total amount of light collected is the sum of the amount of light reflected by the primary reflecting mirror 1 and the secondary reflecting mirror 2 and the amount of light collected by the direct light.

Here, when comparing the difference in the amount of light with the presence or absence of the daylighting device, the light receiving area of the daylighting port 10 and the primary reflecting mirror 1 can be represented by the area of the orthogonal projection to a plane perpendicular to sunlight. 2 and FIG. 3, it is apparent that the use of the daylighting device increases the amount of daylighting as compared with the case where the daylighting is performed only with the daylighting opening 10. Further, in the range of the sun altitude in which the daylighting can be performed by the daylighting device (hereinafter, this is referred to as “daylighting range”), in the case of the present embodiment, the sunshine is 1
The angle is between the angle (= 60 °) incident on the mirror surface 1a of the secondary reflecting mirror 1 and the angle (= 120 °) at which the primary reflected light is reflected in a substantially horizontal direction with respect to the lighting opening 10. However, the above angle is defined as 0 ° in the east direction. Further, in the present embodiment, when the solar altitude exceeds 90 °, the sunlight is incident on the mirror surface 1a of the primary reflecting mirror 1 because it is blocked by the secondary reflecting mirror 2, and the amount of collected light is also reduced (FIG. 2
(B)). Therefore, the lighting range in which lighting can be efficiently performed is between 60 ° and 90 °.

According to the present embodiment, sunlight can be easily collected and light can be effectively collected even with a small lighting opening 10, and the amount of collected light per unit area can be increased. In addition, regardless of the movement of the sun, it is possible to stably pick up light in a state where the lighting device is fixed. However, providing a simple movable structure enables more stable lighting. Furthermore, the cost is low due to the simple configuration,
In addition, there is an advantage that it is lightweight and can be easily installed even when it is installed on a roof or the like. Moreover, the inclination angle θ of the primary reflecting mirror 1
The lighting range and the lighting amount can be easily adjusted by changing.

The length of the primary reflecting mirror 1 in the longitudinal direction is not limited to the present embodiment, and the longer the length, the more the amount of light collected at the beginning of the lighting time (the period when the solar altitude is low). Although it is possible, the ratio of the increase in the amount of collected light to the increase in the length is small. Further, the lengths of the upper end and the lower end of the primary reflecting mirror 1 may be longer than the length of the lighting port 10 in the longitudinal direction. In this case, stable lighting can be performed even when the track surface M of the sun shifts in the north-south direction according to the season and sunlight enters the lighting device of the present embodiment obliquely. Further, contrary to the present embodiment, the primary reflecting mirror 1 is installed near the western end of the lighting port 10 and the secondary reflecting mirror 2 is installed.
May be installed near the east end of the lighting port 10,
In this case, the same effect can be obtained although the lighting range changes.

(Embodiment 2) This embodiment corresponds to Embodiment 1
In the configuration of 1), as shown in FIG. 4, by setting the inclination angle θ of the primary reflecting mirror 1 to 45 °, the daylighting range is expanded as much as possible while ensuring a sufficient daylighting amount even in the daytime. There is a feature, and the other configuration is common to the first embodiment, and thus the description is omitted.

As shown in FIG. 5C, when sunlight is incident on the mirror surface 1a of the primary reflecting mirror 1 from the vertical direction (at about noon), the primary reflected light on the mirror surface 1a enters the lighting port 10. The sun altitude at this time is the upper limit of the daylighting range because it is substantially horizontal. From this, when the inclination angle θ of the primary reflecting mirror 1 becomes 45 ° or less, the primary reflected light of the sunlight around noon becomes upward with respect to the plane including the lighting port 10, and the primary reflecting light of the secondary reflecting mirror 2 Since the light is incident on the mirror surface 2a from below the plane including the lighting opening 10, the mirror surface 2 of the secondary reflecting mirror 2 is formed.
The secondary reflected light at a is radiated to the outside of the lighting port 10,
Light cannot be taken from the lighting port 10. Therefore, FIG.
As shown in (a) and (b), the daylighting range can be expanded as much as possible while securing a sufficient daylighting amount even in the daytime.
This means that the lower limit value of the inclination angle θ of the secondary reflecting mirror 1 is 45 °.

(Embodiment 3) FIG. 6 shows Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
FIG. This embodiment, the primary reflector in the east-west sides with respect to the east-west direction substantially central daylight opening 10 1 _1, 1 ₂ and 2
There is a feature in that the secondary reflecting mirrors 2 ₁ and 2 ₂ are provided, and the basic configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment. Therefore, the common components are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the primary reflection is made so as to incline to the outside of the light-receiving opening 10 at a predetermined inclination angle θ with respect to the plane including the light-receiving opening 10 near both the east and west ends of the light-receiving opening 10. mirror 1 _1, 1 with ₂ the lower end is installed, the primary reflecting mirror 1 _1, 1 ₂ of the mirror surface 1a and as mirror surface 2a is opposed secondary reflector 2 _1, 2 ₂ of the lower end of daylight opening 10 It is installed almost in the east-west direction.

In this embodiment, the sun is eastward.
East primary mirror 1₁And secondary reflector 2₁
And the primary reflection on the west side when the sun is near the west
Mirror 1 _TwoAnd secondary reflector 2_TwoLighting in the embodiment
The lighting range can be made about twice as large as that of 1. However
And the primary reflecting mirror 1₁, 1_TwoAngle of inclination θ₁, Θ_TwoAdjust
By doing so, all the reflectors 1₁Lighting using…
Thus, efficient lighting can be achieved.

[0024] Incidentally, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the primary reflecting mirror ₁ 1, 1 ₂ of the inclination angle theta _1, if theta ₂ to the 45 ° respectively, ranges sun altitude of 45 ° to 90 ° Then the east side 1
And lighting in the next reflector 1 ₁ and the secondary reflecting mirror 2 _1, can be lighting west primary reflector 1 ₂ and the secondary reflection mirror 2 ₂ in the range of solar altitude 90 ° to 135 °, Day In addition, it is possible to widen the lighting range as much as possible while securing a sufficient lighting amount, and it is possible to double the lighting range as compared with the second embodiment.

By the way, a daylighting device composed of the primary reflecting mirrors 1 ₁ ..., The secondary reflecting mirrors 2 ₁ .
As shown in FIG. 0, light collected through a duct D, which is installed on the roof of a building H such as a general house or factory, and on which aluminum or silver is vapor-deposited and mirror-finished, is guided indoors. ing. A diffuse transmission plate 11 is provided at the end of the duct D, and the introduced light is diffused and radiated indoors. Instead of the duct D, it is also possible to use a bundle of several optical fibers to guide the collected light indoors. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 11, a daylighting device is provided on a daylighting port 10 provided on the roof of a building B having a courtyard (atrium) C, and a so-called light guide G as shown in FIG. A lighting device is disposed on the lighting port 10 of the communicating light guide duct D, and the collected light is transmitted through the light guide duct D to the light guide G.
In some cases, and may be used together with artificial light from a lighting fixture or the like.

(Embodiment 4) In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 13, the primary reflecting mirrors 11 and ₁ in the configuration of Embodiment 3 are used.
_{In this example,} the inclination angles θ ₁ and θ ₂ are set to 60 °. That is, as in the third embodiment, the inclination angles θ ₁ , θ
When ₂ is set to 45 °, the sun and daylight by the east side of the primary reflector 1 ₁ and the secondary reflecting mirror 2 ₁ in the case of easterly, west of the primary reflector in the case of westerly 1 ₂ and secondary reflector 2 ₂
And the primary reflectors 1 only around noon
Light is collected by the primary reflection mirrors ₁ , 1 ₂ and the secondary reflection mirrors 2 ₁ , 2 ₂ .

However, when the inclination angles θ ₁ and θ ₂ are set to 60 ° as in the present embodiment, the solar altitude is 60 °.
Primary reflection beam by the west side of the primary reflector 1 ₂ as shown in FIG. 14 (a) when entering the lighting range becomes substantially horizontal reached, 1 west brought from there to the sun altitude increases so that the primary reflected light by the next reflecting mirror 1 ₂ is incident from above the horizontal in the secondary reflecting mirror 2 ₂ specular 2a.

FIG. 15 shows the primary reflecting mirror 1.₁, 1_TwoAngle of inclination θ
₁, Θ_TwoIs changed every 5 ° in the range of 45 ° to 65 °
3 shows the results of comparing the amounts of light collected. The horizontal axis is the primary reflection
Mirror 1 ₁, 1_TwoAngle of sunlight incident on
When the amount of light from the lighting port 10 is set to 1 at 90 °
Curve (lighting ratio)
When only 10, the curve B has an inclination angle of 45 °, the curve C
When the inclination angle is 50 °, when the curve d is the inclination angle 55 °,
When curve E has an inclination angle of 60 °, curve F has an inclination angle of 65 °
The respective ratios of the amounts of collected light are shown. It is clear from this figure
Like a primary reflector 1₁, 1_TwoAngle of inclination θ₁, Θ_Two
Is 60 ° (curve E), the incident angle is 60 ° to 90 °
Light can be collected most efficiently within the range.

On the other hand, FIG. 16 is a graph showing the results of measuring the actual daylight amount by lighting apparatus of the present embodiment primary reflector 1 _1, 1 ₂ of the inclination angle theta _1, theta ₂ to the 60 ° .
The measurement location was somewhere in Chiba Prefecture, the measurement date was late June, and the weather was light cloudy. In addition, the lighting opening 10 is 15 cm in length and width.
Square. Thus, when the solar altitude is in the range of 60 ° (60 ° from the east side) to 120 ° (60 ° from the west side), the present embodiment is compared with the case where only the lighting port 10 is used (see the curve α in the figure). By using a daylighting device, the amount of daylighting can be greatly increased (see curve β in the figure).

According to the present embodiment as described above, it is possible to lighting reflector 1 ₁ ... in the east and west sides in all lighting range (60 ° ~120 °), and can be most efficient lighting Become. (Embodiment 5) FIG. 17 is a perspective view of Embodiment 5 of the present invention. This embodiment, the primary reflector 1 ₁ facing the position of the western edge vicinity while juxtaposed primary reflector 1 ₁ and the secondary reflecting mirror 2 ₂ at the east end near the daylight opening 10 that lengthen the north-south dimension it is characterized 2 ₁ secondary reflector, the secondary reflector 2 ₂ and in a position opposite to the primary reflecting mirror 1 ₂ in that juxtaposed respectively. Note that the other configuration is common to the first and third embodiments, and thus the description is omitted.

As described above, the two primary reflecting mirrors 1 ₁ , ₁
1 _2, the secondary reflecting mirror 2 _1, by 2 ₂ was placed in the east-west near both ends of the lighting port 10, the installed primary reflector 1 ₁ and the secondary reflection in the south when the sun is easterly Mirror 2 ₁
In daylight and, because the sun is lighted in installed on the north side primary reflector 1 ₂ and the secondary reflection mirror 2 ₂ when in the westerly, daylight compared to the third embodiment as well as Embodiment 1 The range can be approximately doubled. However, the primary reflecting mirrors ₁₁ ,
1 ₂ inclination angle theta _1, by adjusting the theta _2, can be lighting with 1 ₁ ... all reflectors, it is possible to better lighting efficiency.

(Embodiment 6) FIG. 18 is a perspective view of Embodiment 6 of the present invention. This embodiment is characterized in that established the primary reflector 1 _1, 1 ₂ of the auxiliary reflecting mirror 4 to the north in the configuration of embodiment 3, the same reference numerals Other configurations are common to the embodiment 3 And the description is omitted.

The auxiliary reflecting mirror 4 mirror 4a is formed by depositing silver on one side of the substantially trapezoidal aluminum plates and steel plates, the mirror surface 4a south (primary reflecting mirror 1 _1, 1 ₂ and daylight opening 10 Side). By the way, the daylighting device of the present embodiment including the auxiliary reflecting mirror 4 is arranged such that the normal direction of the daylighting opening 10 coincides with the south-south direction of the summer solstice. And when the lighting device is arranged in such a direction,
Since the sun's trajectory changes from north to south depending on the season,
Sunlight incident on the primary reflector 1 _1, 1 ₂ of the mirror surface 1a also will deviate to the south. In this case, each of the reflecting mirrors 1 ₁ , 1
_The reflected light from ₂ , 2, ₁ and 2 ₂ also shifts in the north-south direction,
Part of the reflected light does not enter the lighting port 10 and goes off to the north of the lighting port 10 (see FIG. 19A). And Thus, in this embodiment by installing the auxiliary reflecting mirror 4 having a mirror surface 4a on the north side of the primary reflector 1 _1, 1 _2, FIG. 19 (b)
As shown in (2), of the sunlight and reflected light, the amount deviating to the north is reflected by the mirror surface 4a of the auxiliary reflecting mirror 4 to the south (toward the lighting opening 10) to increase the amount of light emitted to the lighting opening 10. .

According to the present embodiment, as described above,
Even when the incident direction of sunlight is more inclined,
By being reflected by the mirror 4 again toward the lighting port 10
The amount of light collected can be increased, and
A fixed lighting is possible. The lighting port of the auxiliary reflecting mirror 4
The height dimension from the plane including 10 is the secondary reflecting mirror 2₁, 2 _Two
Not less than the height and primary reflecting mirror 1₁, 1_TwoBelow the height of
If this is the case, it is possible to efficiently daylight.

(Embodiment 7) FIG. 20 is a perspective view of Embodiment 7 of the present invention. This embodiment is longer than north-south length of the lighting port 10 primary reflector 1 _1, 1 ₂ of the length of the north-south direction in the configuration of the embodiment 6 (the length of the opposite ends in the east-west direction) and primary reflector 1 _1, 1 ₂ of the lower and upper end is characterized in that installed so as to protrude on the south side than the south end of the daylight opening 10. The other configuration is the same as that of the sixth embodiment, and the description is omitted.

According to this embodiment, the primary reflecting mirrors 1 ₁ and 1 ₂ are connected to the lighting ports by an angle shifted to the south side in consideration of the shift of the incident direction of sunlight to the south side depending on the season. By extending to the south side of 10, primary reflecting mirrors 1 ₁ , 1 ₂ and 2
Next the reflecting mirror 2 _1, 2 ₂ more daylight opening reflected light by 10
And the amount of light collected throughout the year can be increased as compared with the sixth embodiment.

(Eighth Embodiment) FIG. 21 is a perspective view of an eighth embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is characterized in that a so-called microprism sheet is used for the primary reflecting mirrors 1 ₁ ′ and 1 ₂ ′ in the configuration of the sixth embodiment, and other configurations are common to the sixth embodiment. Omitted. Primary reflector 1
_The microprism sheet constituting ₁ ', 1 ₂ ' is made of a translucent and flexible material such as polycarbonate resin, and has a large number of minute prisms 1b 'extending in one direction substantially parallel to each other on one surface. With prism 1
It is a sheet material (for example, an optical writing film (OLF) manufactured by 3M Corporation) in which the other surface without b 'is a substantially smooth surface 1a'. The micro-prism sheet totally reflects light incident from the smooth surface 1a 'side, passing through a range having a predetermined angle in the longitudinal direction of the prism 1b' and a predetermined angle in a direction perpendicular to the smooth surface. (Specular reflection), and has the optical property of transmitting light passing outside the range to the prism 1b 'side and transmitting most of light incident from the surface on the side of the prism 1b'.

In this embodiment, the smooth surface 1a 'is directed toward the lighting port 10, and the extending direction of the prism 1b' is made to coincide with the vertical direction. Thus, if the micro-prism sheet as described above is used for the primary reflecting mirrors 1 ₁ ′ and 1 ₂ ′, as shown in FIG. passes through the reflecting mirror 1 ₁ 'enters the 2 ₁ specular 2a secondary reflector, is reflected by the secondary reflecting mirror 2 ₁ to be incident on the lighting port 10. Also, rises is close it becomes sun altitude noon, the embodiment 6 as well as the primary reflecting mirror 1 ₁ ', 1 _2' sunlight reflected by the smooth surface 1a 'of the (primary reflection beam) are secondary reflection It is reflected by the mirror 2 _1, 2 ₂ to be incident on the lighting port 10 (see FIG. 22 (b)).
Further, in the evening, the light transmitted through the primary reflecting mirror 1 ₂ ′ installed on the west side and reflected by the mirror surface _{2 a} of the secondary reflecting mirror 22 enters the lighting port 10.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the primary reflecting mirrors 1 ₁ ′ and 1 ₂ ′ are constituted by microprism sheets, so that a wider range (from early morning to sunset) compared to the sixth embodiment. ) Has the advantage that daylighting is possible. (Embodiment 9) FIG. 23 is a perspective view of Embodiment 9 of the present invention. The present embodiment is characterized in that the secondary reflecting mirrors 2 _{1 and} 2 ₂ ′ are configured by microprism sheets in the configuration of the eighth embodiment, and the other configurations are the same as those of the eighth embodiment.

As described in the eighth embodiment, since the micro prism sheet is made of a flexible material, it can be easily processed into a parabolic shape such as the secondary reflecting mirrors 2 ₁ ′ and 2 ₂ ′. Can be. In the secondary reflecting mirrors 2 ₁ ′ and 2 ₂ ′, the smooth surface 2 a ′ faces the lighting port 10 and the prism 2
It is installed so that the direction in which b ′ extends extends in the up-down direction.

In this embodiment, when the sun altitude is high in the daytime, as shown in FIG.
The sunlight from above 0 passes through the secondary reflecting mirrors 2 ₁ ′ and 2 ₂ ′ and directly enters the lighting port 10. That is, in the configuration of the eighth embodiment, in the above case, the sunlight is hardly directly incident on the daylighting port 10 because it is blocked by the secondary reflecting mirrors 2 ₁ and 2 ₂ . secondary reflector 2 ₁ ', 2 _2' 'sunlight secondary reflecting mirror 2 ₁ incident from the surface of the side' prism 2b of, and reflected and direct or auxiliary reflecting mirror 4 transmits 2 ₂ 'daylight Since the light enters the mouth 10, there is an advantage that the amount of daylight can be increased compared to the eighth embodiment.

(Embodiment 10) FIG. 25 is a perspective view of Embodiment 10 of the present invention. This embodiment is in the configuration of embodiment 6 is characterized in that established a serrated prism 5 to the primary reflecting mirror 1 _1, 1 ₂ of the south, since other configurations are same as in embodiment 6 described Is omitted. The serrated prism 5 is made are arrayed substantially in parallel a plurality of prisms 5a is on one side and a plane prism 5a is arrayed on the south side of the primary reflector 1 _1, 1 ₂ towards the south Will be installed.

By the way, since the sunlight in winter has the lowest sun altitude and the southernmost day, the sunlight enters the lighting device from the southernmost and lower angle. mirror 1 ₁ ... lighting amount using auxiliary reflecting mirror 4 also increased north-south direction deviation amount of the reflected light from is reduced. Therefore, as in the present embodiment, the primary reflecting mirror 1
By installing a serrated prism 5 on the south side of the _1, 1 _2, 2
As shown in FIG. 6, the sunlight incident on the prism 5a is refracted vertically downward and passes through the sawtooth prism 5, so that the sunlight can easily enter the lighting port 10 even in winter, and the amount of light can be increased. . The inclination angle of the prism 5a is such that when sunlight from the south-south direction of the winter solstice enters from the south, transmitted light passing through the upper end of the sawtooth prism 5 enters the north end of the lighting port 10. In this case, the light can be collected most efficiently.

[0044]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, a lower end is installed near at least one of the ends facing the east and west directions of the lighting opening provided in the building, and the upper end is inclined outward of the east-west lighting opening. A primary reflector, and a lower end substantially parallel to a lower end of the primary reflector between the primary reflector and an end facing the lower end of the primary reflector out of the end facing the east-west direction of the lighting opening; And a parabolic mirror having an upper end on the side adjacent to the primary reflecting mirror.
A lighting device comprising a secondary reflector and a primary reflector,
The north-south length of the upper end and the lower end is at least substantially the same as the north-south length of the daylight port, and the lower end is installed at substantially the same height as the daylight port with respect to the normal direction of the daylight port, and in the east-west direction. On the other hand, it is located at least outside the end of the lighting opening, and the upper end is formed so as to be located at least above the upper end of the secondary reflector, and the secondary reflector has at least the length of the upper end and the lower end in the north-south direction. The length of the lighting port is substantially the same as the north-south direction. On the other hand, when the sun altitude is larger than the angle between the horizontal plane and the primary reflector, it is formed so that it is not outside the lighting port and inside the end of the lighting port in the east-west direction. At least a part of the reflected light of the primary reflecting mirror Is reflected by the second reflecting mirror is guided to the lighting opening, sunlight can be easily guided to the lighting opening without tracking the sun, there is an effect that it is possible to effectively lighting in miniature daylight opening. Moreover, by changing the angle formed by the primary reflecting mirror with respect to the horizontal plane, it is possible to easily adjust the lighting range and the lighting amount.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the angle between the primary reflecting mirror and the horizontal plane is set to 45 ° or more, there is an effect that the daylighting range can be expanded as much as possible while securing the daylighting amount. . According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, since the primary reflector and the secondary reflector are provided on the east and west sides of the lighting port substantially in the east-west direction, the lighting range can be further expanded and the lighting quantity can be increased. effective.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an auxiliary reflecting mirror provided on the north side of the primary reflecting mirror, and a sawtooth prism having a plurality of prisms on one surface and provided on the south side of the primary reflecting mirror. Since at least one of them is provided, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the amount of light collected by the auxiliary reflector or the saw-toothed prism with respect to the change in the trajectory of the sun due to the season, and there is an effect that stable light can be collected throughout the year.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, at least one of the primary reflecting mirror and the secondary reflecting mirror is formed by a prism.
There is an effect that the lighting range can be further expanded. Since the angle between the primary reflecting mirror and the horizontal plane is set to approximately 60 °, it is possible to obtain light relatively efficiently.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a first embodiment.

FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b) are explanatory diagrams for explaining functions of the above.

3A is a side sectional view of the same, and FIG. 3B is a top view of the same.

FIG. 4 is a side sectional view showing a second embodiment.

FIGS. 5 (a) to 5 (c) are explanatory diagrams for explaining functions of the above.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a third embodiment.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram for explaining functions of the above.

FIG. 8 is a side sectional view showing another configuration of the above.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the above function.

FIGS. 10A and 10B are views for explaining the installation state of the above.

FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining another installation state of the above.

FIG. 12 is a view for explaining still another installation state of the above.

FIG. 13 is a side sectional view showing the fourth embodiment.

FIGS. 14 (a) and (b) are explanatory diagrams for explaining functions of the above.

FIG. 15 is a diagram for explaining the above function.

FIG. 16 is a diagram for explaining the above function.

FIG. 17 is a perspective view showing a fifth embodiment.

FIG. 18 is a perspective view showing a sixth embodiment.

FIGS. 19 (a) and (b) are explanatory diagrams for explaining the above function.

FIG. 20 is a perspective view showing a seventh embodiment.

FIG. 21 is a perspective view showing an eighth embodiment.

FIGS. 22 (a) and 22 (b) are explanatory diagrams for explaining functions of the above.

FIG. 23 is a perspective view showing Embodiment 9;

FIGS. 24 (a) and (b) are explanatory diagrams for explaining the above function.

FIG. 25 is a perspective view showing a tenth embodiment.

FIG. 26 is an explanatory diagram for describing the above function.

FIG. 27 is a diagram for explaining the trajectory of the sun.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Primary reflecting mirror 2 Secondary reflecting mirror 3 Cover 10 Lighting opening

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A primary reflector having a lower end installed near at least one of the east-west-facing ends of a lighting port provided in a building and an upper end inclined to the outside of the east-west lighting port; The primary reflecting mirror has a lower end substantially parallel to the lower end of the primary reflecting mirror between an end facing the lower end of the primary reflecting mirror and an end facing the lower end of the primary reflecting mirror. A secondary reflecting mirror comprising a parabolic mirror having an upper end on an adjacent side, wherein the primary reflecting mirror has an upper end and a lower end having at least a north-south length in a north-south direction of the lighting port. The length is substantially the same, the lower end is installed at substantially the same height as the lighting opening with respect to the normal direction of the lighting opening and is located outside the end of the lighting opening at least in the east-west direction, and the upper end is at least The secondary reflector is formed so as to be located above the upper end of the secondary reflector, and the secondary reflector is formed at the upper end and The length of the lower end in the north-south direction is at least substantially the same as the length of the light-receiving opening in the north-south direction. The lower end is located outside the light-receiving opening with respect to the normal direction, and the upper end is at least closer to the light-receiving opening than the upper end of the primary reflector. Wherein the focal point is not located outside the lighting opening in the normal direction but inside the end of the lighting opening in the east-west direction. 2. The daylighting device according to claim 1, wherein the primary reflecting mirror comprises a plane mirror. 3. The angle formed between the primary reflecting mirror and the horizontal plane is 45.
3. The daylighting device according to claim 1, wherein the angle is not less than .degree .. 4. The daylighting device according to claim 1, wherein the upper end of the secondary reflector is located substantially directly above one end of the daylighting opening facing in the east-west direction. 5. The daylighting device according to claim 1, wherein a primary reflecting mirror and a secondary reflecting mirror are provided on the east and west sides substantially at the east-west direction center of the daylighting opening. 6. At least one of an auxiliary reflector provided on the north side of the primary reflector and a sawtooth prism having a plurality of prisms on one surface and provided on the south side of the primary reflector. The daylighting device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein 7. The daylighting device according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the primary reflecting mirror and the secondary reflecting mirror is formed by a prism. 8. The angle formed between the primary reflecting mirror and the horizontal plane is substantially 6
The lighting device according to claim 1, wherein the lighting device is set to 0 °.