JPH11221702A - Chip turning device for vertical lathe - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [PROBLEMS] To provide a chip discharge device capable of reliably removing chips (especially massive chips) around a main spindle with a simple structure in a vertical lathe. In a vertical lathe having a spindle 2 provided vertically, a chip discharge port 10 having an inclined surface 10a in which a part of an upper end surface 1a of a headstock 1 surrounding the spindle 2 is inclined downward.
A chip transport body 20 that transports chips accumulated on the upper end face 1a to the discharge port 10 by rotating the upper end face 1a of the headstock 1 while sliding along the outer periphery of the main spindle 2; And a clutch mechanism 30 for transmitting the rotational driving force of the chip as the rotational driving force of the chip conveying body 20 to constitute a chip discharging device. At the time of chip discharge, the piston 34 as an engaging member of the clutch mechanism 30 is engaged with the chip carrier 20 by pushing up the draw bar 3, and the carrier plate 22 is rotated together with the rotation of the main shaft 2. The chips accumulated on the upper end surface 1a are conveyed to the discharge port 10 and discharged.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a chip discharging device for a vertical lathe, and more particularly to a chip discharging device for positively discharging chips generated by cutting from around a spindle.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Chips discharged by machining of a vertical lathe having a spindle installed vertically degrade workability by depositing a large amount around the spindle, and the cutting heat of the chips causes Since the machine is thermally deformed and the cutting accuracy is reduced, chips around the main shaft have been actively discharged outside the machine.

[0003] As a conventional method of discharging chips in a vertical lathe, for example, a method of forcibly removing chips by a water flow of cutting water, a method of removing chips by scattering them by air blow, or a method of removing chips around a spindle. Provide an inclined cover on the
There is a method of discharging the chips slid down on the inclined cover to the outside of the machine using a mechanical conveyor or the like.

[0004]

However, the method of removing chips by a water flow or air blow has a problem that these cannot be spread over the entire circumference of the main axis, and the chips cannot be completely removed. When the chips are collected to form a large lump, the chips cannot be removed unless they are sprayed so as to hit the center of the lump, so that there is a problem that it is difficult to remove the lump of large lump.

[0005] In addition, the method of discharging the chips slid down on the inclined cover by a mechanical conveyor or the like, requires that the inclined angle of the inclined cover be equal to or more than the angle required to slide the chips (about 30 ° with respect to the horizontal plane). In order to achieve this, it is necessary to raise the position of the end face of the spindle, which poses a problem in terms of workability such as attachment and detachment of a work.

An object of the present invention is to provide a chip discharge device which can reliably remove chips (especially massive chips) around a main shaft with a simple structure in a vertical lathe. is there.

[0007]

Means for Solving the Problems and Effects There is provided an invention according to claim 1 of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems. In a vertical lathe having a main shaft provided vertically, a chip generated by cutting is removed by the above-mentioned method. A device for discharging from the periphery of the spindle, wherein the chip is provided on a chip accumulation surface around the spindle, and is rotatably supported by the spindle so as to project outward from the outer peripheral surface of the spindle. A chip conveying member having a sliding member for conveying chips to the discharge port by rotating the lower end thereof along the outer peripheral surface of the spindle while sliding on the chip accumulation surface; And a clutch mechanism for transmitting a rotational driving force as a rotational driving force of the chip conveying body.

According to the present invention, when chips are discharged after machining of the workpiece, the main shaft is driven to a predetermined rotational speed by the clutch mechanism so that the rotational driving force of the main shaft can be transmitted as the rotational driving force of the chip carrier. , The chip carrier rotates together with the main shaft, and the sliding member conveys the chips to the discharge port while sliding on the chip accumulation surface.

As described above, since the chip conveying member is rotated by the driving means of the main shaft, it is not necessary to provide a separate driving means for driving the chip conveying member. Since the chips are conveyed to the discharge port by a sliding member that slides on the powder accumulation surface,
Even massive swarf that is difficult to remove by water flow or air blow can be reliably discharged.

When the work is processed, the transmission of the rotational driving force from the spindle to the chip carrier is cut off by the clutch mechanism so that the chip carrier can be rotated during the machining of the work in which the spindle rotates at a high speed. Does not rotate at high speed together with the swarf, and prevents the swarf that comes into contact with the swarf carrier that rotates at high speed, causing the chips to scatter and scatter, causing the spindle to run out of balance, and prevent the adverse effects associated with the provision of the swarf carrier. can do.

According to a second aspect of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems, in the first aspect of the present invention, the clutch mechanism is supported by the main shaft and protrudes and retracts radially outward of the main shaft. In this way, the engaging member is disengaged from the chip conveying body, and the engaging member urged radially inward of the main shaft by the urging means is attached to the tip of the main shaft by moving forward and backward in the main shaft. And a draw bar that opens and closes the chuck pawls and presses the engaging member radially outward of the main shaft in accordance with the opening operation of the chuck pawls to protrude. Is what you do.

According to the present invention, when the spindle is provided with a draw bar for operating the chuck, when the chips are discharged after machining of the workpiece, the operation is linked to the operation of the draw bar for unclamping the workpiece. As a result, the engaging member engages with the chip carrier. On the other hand, when clamping the work, the urging means returns the engagement member to the original position and releases the engagement with the chip conveying body.

Therefore, the operation of the clutch mechanism can be automatically performed using the drawbar which is an existing member, so that the chips can be efficiently discharged.

Also, during the processing of the workpiece with the main shaft rotating at a high speed, the centrifugal force acting on the engaging member balances the urging force of the urging means. Engagement can be prevented.

According to a third aspect of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems, in the second aspect of the present invention, the engaging member has a shock-absorbing member which can expand and contract in the radial direction of the main shaft. And a chip discharge device for a vertical lathe.

According to the present invention, if the engaging member does not move even when the draw bar presses the engaging member, the cushioning member contracts to absorb this pressing force, and the engaging member is movable. When this happens, the buffer extends and the engaging member engages with the chip carrier, so that the drawbar and the engaging member can be prevented from being damaged while ensuring the function of the engaging member.

The invention according to claim 4 of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is characterized in that, in the invention described in claim 1, 2 or 3, when the sliding member is applied with a predetermined force or more, An object of the present invention is to provide a chip turning device for a vertical lathe whose lower end is supported so as to be retractable rearward in the traveling direction.

According to the present invention, when a large force is applied to the sliding member, for example, when chips are sandwiched between the sliding member and the chip accumulation surface during chip transportation by the sliding member. Since the sliding member retracts to the rear side in the traveling direction, it is possible to remove chips and the like caught in the sliding member, so that the spindle motor may be damaged or deformed, or the sliding member may be overloaded. Can be prevented from overheating.

[0019]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a vertical lathe provided with a chip discharging device according to the present embodiment, FIG. 2 is a plan view thereof, and FIG. 3 is an enlarged view showing a portion A of FIG. FIG. 1 shows a cross section taken along line BB in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 1, in the vertical lathe according to the present embodiment, a chuck C for gripping a work is attached to an upper end side of a spindle 2 vertically and rotatably supported by a headstock 1, and a spindle 2 is provided. The jaws J of the chuck C are configured to be opened and closed by the draw bar 3 that moves forward and backward, and chips for discharging chips accumulated on the horizontal upper end surface 1a of the headstock 1 due to processing of the work. An ejection device is provided.

The swarf discharge device includes an inclined surface 1 having a part of an upper end surface 1a of a headstock 1 surrounding a spindle 2 inclined downward.
And a top end surface 1 of the headstock 1.
is rotated while sliding along the outer periphery of the main shaft 2, and a chip conveying body 20 that conveys the chips accumulated on the upper end surface 1 a to the discharge port 10, and a rotational driving force of the main shaft 2 increases the chip conveying. Body 2
And a clutch mechanism 30 that transmits the rotational driving force as zero.

The inclined surface 10a of the outlet 10 communicates with a chip conveyor leading to the outside of the machine, and the chips conveyed to the outlet 10 are discharged outside the machine by sliding down the inclined surface 10a.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the chip carrier 20 is mounted on the plate holder 21 rotatably supported by the main shaft 2 via the clutch mechanism 30. And a transport plate 22 as a sliding member.

The plate holder 21 is sandwiched between two upper and lower annular plates 23 at equal intervals so as to project radially outward of the annular plate 23 and two upper and lower annular plates 23 concentric with the main shaft 2. And four bearings 25 supported by the annular plate 23 at an intermediate position between the adjacent mounting plates 24, and the bearings 25 are provided with the circumferential grooves 32 of the clutch mechanism 30. The annular plate 23 is rotatably supported by the clutch mechanism 30 by fitting the annular plate 23 into the circumferential groove 32 so as to be in contact with the bottom surface.

The transfer plate 22 is a substantially rectangular steel plate suspended from the mounting plate 24 of the plate holder 21 and supported by the mounting plate 24 so that its lower end abuts on the upper end surface 1a of the headstock 1. The rotation of the plate holder 21 causes the plate holder 21 to rotate along the outer periphery of the spindle 2 while slidingly contacting the upper end surface 1 a of the headstock 1.

The transfer plate 22 is provided with a spring steel so that the lower end thereof can be retracted rearward in the traveling direction when a predetermined force or more that may damage the transfer plate 22 is applied. It is attached to the attachment plate 24 via 26.

When the transfer plate 22 contacts the upper end surface 1a of the headstock 1, the transfer plate 2
Annular plate 2 on the lower side of plate holder 21 supporting
3 and the circumferential groove 32 of the clutch mechanism 30, a minute gap is formed, and the two annular plates 23 are in a state of floating in the circumferential groove 32. The annular plate 23 is in contact with the bottom surface of the circumferential groove 32 via the bearing 25, so that even if the clutch mechanism 30 simply rotates with the main shaft 2, the chip carrier 20 itself does not rotate. .

The clutch mechanism 30 is provided between the main shaft 2 and the chuck C as shown in FIGS.
It comprises a disk-shaped mechanism body 31 having a center hole 30a, and a draw bar 3 for operating the mechanism body 31.

The draw bar 3 penetrates a center hole 30a formed in the mechanism main body 31 and has a chuck C at its tip.
When the workpiece is pulled down by a hydraulic cylinder (not shown), the jaw J of the chuck C is closed to clamp the workpiece, and when the workpiece is pushed up by the hydraulic cylinder, the jaw J is opened and the workpiece is unclamped. However, since this mechanism is well known, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

A pair of cylinder chambers 33 each having a piston 34 as an engagement member that moves forward and backward in the radial direction are formed in the mechanism body 31 so as to face each other with a center hole 30a interposed therebetween. The chamber 33 has a rod insertion hole 33.
a and 33b communicate with the circumferential groove 32 and the center hole 30a formed on the outer peripheral surface of the mechanism main body 31, respectively.

One end of the piston 34 is inserted into a housing 36 that slides in the cylinder chamber 33 in the radial direction, and holes 36a and 36b formed on both end surfaces of the housing 36. Piston rods 37, 38 having flange portions 37a, 38a projecting radially inside the housing portion 36 on the side thereof, and a housing portion 36 for urging the piston rods 37, 38 in a direction of separating them from each other. And a coil spring 39 as a buffer housed in a compressed state between the flange portions 37a and 38a, and the other ends of the piston rods 37 and 38 are formed on both sides of the cylinder chamber 33. Rod insertion holes 33a, 33b
Has been inserted respectively.

In the cylinder chamber 33, a coil spring 35 is housed in a compressed state on the piston rod 37 side.
4, the tip of the piston rod 38 projects into the center hole 30a, and the tip of the piston rod 37 does not project into the circumferential groove 32.

The urging force (spring force) of the coil spring 35
And the biasing force (spring force) of the coil spring 39 is not the same,
Each spring is selected so that the biasing force of the coil spring 39 is greater than the biasing force of the coil spring 35.

The draw bar 3 is formed with a tapered portion 3a that tapers toward the upper end and presses the piston rod 38 radially outward when the draw bar 3 is pushed up, that is, when the work is unclamped. An inclined surface that slides on the tapered portion 3a is formed at the distal end of the piston rod 38.

In the vertical lathe according to the present embodiment configured as described above, chips deposited on the upper end surface 1a of the headstock 1 by cutting or the like can be discharged as follows.

That is, in FIGS. 1 and 3, when the draw bar 3 is pushed up for unclamping the work after the work is completed, the tapered portion 3a rises while slidingly contacting the inclined surface at the tip of the piston rod 38. so,
The piston rod 38 is pressed outward, but since the urging force of the coil spring 39 is greater than the urging force of the coil spring 35, the coil spring 35 is compressed and the piston rod 38
Of the piston 34 without being pushed into the housing 36.
The whole moves outward, and the tip of the piston rod 37 projects between the upper and lower annular plates 23 fitted in the circumferential groove 32.

In this state, the main spindle 2 is used to discharge chips.
Is rotated at a predetermined low speed, the clutch mechanism 30 rotates with the main shaft 2, and the tip end of the piston rod 37 engages with the mounting plate 24, so that the chip carrier 20 rotates at a low speed with the main shaft 2. I do. Accordingly, the transport plate 22 rotates around the spindle 2 while sliding on the upper end surface 1a of the headstock 1, and the chips accumulated on the upper end surface 1a are transported to the discharge port 10.

On the other hand, at the time of machining the work, when the draw bar 3 is pulled down to clamp the work, the tapered portion 3a descends while sliding on the inclined surface at the tip of the piston rod 38. The piston rod 3 moves in the direction of the center hole 30a by the spring force of
7 retreats inward, the piston rod 37
And the mounting plate 24 are disengaged, and the chip carrier 20 does not rotate even if the main shaft 2 rotates at a high speed to process the work.

As described above, the chip discharging device according to the present embodiment discharges the chips accumulated on the upper end surface 1a of the headstock 1 to the discharge port 1.
Since the chip carrier 20 to be conveyed to 0 is rotated using the rotational driving force of the main shaft 2, there is no need to separately provide a driving means for the chip carrier 20 and the configuration of the apparatus itself can be simplified. In addition, the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

Further, the chips are conveyed to the discharge port 10 by sliding the transfer plate 22 on the upper end surface 1a. Can be transported.

Further, since the engagement between the piston 34 and the chip carrier 20 can be automatically performed by pushing up the draw bar 3 for unclamping the work, a special chip discharge operation is performed after the work is processed. No operation is required,
Chips can be efficiently discharged.

Since the mounting plate 24 or the bearing 25 is located at a position facing the distal end of the piston rod 37, the distal end of the piston rod 37 projects into the circumferential groove 32 even when the piston rod 38 is pushed. If not, the pushing force of the piston rod 38 is absorbed by compressing the coil spring 39 until the clutch mechanism 30 can be protruded by the rotation of the clutch mechanism 30, thereby preventing the clutch mechanism 30 from being damaged.

When the transport plate 22 is caught by an obstacle, for example, when chips are caught between the upper end surface 1a and the sliding surface of the transport plate 22, the spring steel 26 is deformed and the transport plate is deformed. 22 tilts backward with respect to the traveling direction, and after the obstacle is removed, the transport plate returns to the original state. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent damage to the transport plate 22 and the like, and to prevent overheating of the spindle motor (not shown) due to the overload of the transport plate 22.

On the other hand, during the processing of the work,
In the state in which is gripping the work, as described above, the engagement between the piston 34 and the chip carrier 20 is forcibly released, so that the carrier plate 22 does not rotate at high speed together with the main shaft 2, When the transport plate 22 rotates at a high speed during processing, the chips are hoisted and scattered, or when the transport plate 22 rotates together with the main shaft 2, the balance is lost. Can be prevented from decreasing.

Also, during machining of a workpiece in which the main shaft 2 is rotating at a high speed, the clutch mechanism 30 attached to the main shaft 2 is also rotating at a high speed. Although the force acts, since the movement of the piston 34 is suppressed by the urging force of the coil spring 35, the chip is conveyed by the natural engagement between the piston 34 and the chip carrier 20 during the work processing. The body 20 does not rotate with the main shaft 2 at high speed.

As described above, the embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail. However, instead of providing the coil spring 39, the piston 34 has flange portions 37 of piston rods 37 and 38.
a and 38a are brought into sliding contact with the inner peripheral surface of the housing portion 36,
The air between the flanges 37a and 38a can be made airtight so that the air existing between the flanges 37a and 38a can function as an air spring that can be compressed and expanded.

As shown in FIG. 4, the piston rods 37 and 38 can be slid into the cylinder chamber 33 without providing the housing 36. However,
In this case, when the draw bar 3 is not pressing the piston rod 38, the tip of the piston rod 37 is
Needless to say, it is necessary to set the coil spring 39 accurately to a predetermined length so as not to protrude to the second position.

The transport plate 22 of the chip transporter 20
For example, a flexible resin plate or the like may be used instead of a steel plate. In this case, even if the transport plate 22 is fixed to the mounting plate 24 without the spring steel 26 interposed therebetween, By bending backward in the direction, a stuck obstacle can be removed.

In mounting the transfer plate 22 and the mounting plate 24, instead of using the spring steel 26, a spring 52 is provided between the head of the bolt 51 and the mounting plate 24, as shown in FIG. The bolt 51 and the nut 53 are interposed in a compressed state.
Thus, the transport plate 22 may be sandwiched between the mounting plate 24 and the nut 53. In this configuration, if the transport plate 22 is caught by an obstacle while moving in the direction of the arrow, the spring 52 is compressed to widen the gap between the mounting plate 24 and the nut 53 as shown in FIG. Since the plate 22 is inclined backward in the traveling direction, obstacles can be removed.

In this embodiment, the piston 3
4 is configured to advance and retreat while sliding on the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder chamber 33, but when the piston 34 supports both ends of the piston 34 so that the piston 34 can advance and retreat only in the radial direction of the main shaft 2. However, it is not always necessary to slide in the cylinder.

In this embodiment, the piston 3
Although the movement of 4 is performed by pressing received from the draw bar 3, it is also possible to drive the piston 34 by supplying hydraulic pressure into the cylinder chamber 33. In this case, there is no need to communicate the cylinder chamber 33 with the center hole 30a, and since the inside of the cylinder chamber 33 is filled with an incompressible fluid, the piston 34 may move by centrifugal force when the main shaft 2 rotates. Therefore, there is no need to provide an urging means corresponding to the coil spring 35.

Further, in this embodiment, the work is unclamped when the draw bar 3 is pushed up. However, when the work is unclamped when the draw bar 3 is pulled down, The tapered portion 3a of the draw bar 3 may be formed so as to be tapered toward the upper end, and the other portions may have the same configuration as that of the present embodiment.

The transport plate 22 may be configured such that the radially outer end of the main shaft 2 is bent in an L-shape in the advancing direction so that chips can be easily held during chip transport.

In the present embodiment, the piston 34 is moved forward and backward using the draw bar 3 which is an existing member. However, in the case of a vertical lathe having no draw bar 3,
An operating rod having a tapered portion similar to that of the draw bar 3 may be newly provided in the main shaft 2, and the piston 34 may be moved forward and backward by moving the operating rod up and down.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a main shaft portion of a vertical lathe to which a chip discharging device according to an embodiment of the present invention is mounted.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of FIG.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view showing a portion A in FIG. 1 in an enlarged manner.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing another embodiment of the piston 34.

FIG. 5 is a side view showing another embodiment for mounting the transfer plate 22 and the mounting plate 24.

[Description of Signs] 1 Spindlehead 2 Spindle 3 Drawbar 10 Discharge port 20 Chip carrier 22 Transport plate 30 Clutch mechanism 34 Piston 35 Coil spring 37 Piston rod 38 Piston rod 39 Coil spring

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A vertical lathe having a main shaft provided vertically, a device for discharging chips generated by cutting from the periphery of the main shaft, wherein the chips are provided on a chip accumulation surface around the main shaft. A discharge port of the main shaft is rotatably supported by the main shaft so as to protrude outward from the outer peripheral surface of the main shaft, and the lower end thereof rotates along the outer peripheral surface of the main shaft while sliding on the chip accumulation surface. A chip conveying member having a sliding member that conveys chips to the discharge port, and a clutch mechanism that transmits a rotational driving force of the main shaft as a rotational driving force of the chip conveying member. Chip turning device for lathes. 2. The clutch mechanism is supported by the main shaft, and engages and disengages with the chip carrier by protruding and retracting radially outward of the main shaft. An engaging member urged inward; moving back and forth in the main shaft to open and close a chuck claw attached to a tip of the main shaft; and moving the engaging member along with the opening operation of the chuck claw to the main shaft. The chip discharge device for a vertical lathe according to claim 1, further comprising a draw bar that presses and protrudes radially outward of the vertical lathe. 3. The chip discharge device for a vertical lathe according to claim 2, wherein the engagement member has a buffer body that can expand and contract in the radial direction of the main shaft. 4. The vertical lathe according to claim 1, wherein the lower end of the sliding member is retractably supported rearward in the traveling direction when a predetermined force or more is applied. Chip discharge device.