JPH1122384A - Excavation method of tunnel and its device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enhance excavation efficiency of a mountain tunnel. SOLUTION: In order to excavate a mountain tunnel, one or a plurality of grooves extending along the contour of a tunnel cross section on a cutting face 10 and a plurality of grooves 14 extending in the vertical direction are excavated by a circular saw 32, and a cutting face is crushed. A plurality of grooves extending in the horizontal direction can be additionally excavated at need. Excavation of the cutting face uses a tunnel excavator 30 provided with a machine base 36, a boom 34 rotatable on the respective circumferences of the vertical axis line and horizontal axis line supported on the machine base 36 and a plurality of the horizontally parallel circular saws 32 rotatable on the circumference of the axis line of the boom 34 attached to the edge of the boom 34.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to the excavation of a tunnel,
More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for excavating high-hardness rock as one of the non-blasting methods and an apparatus therefor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in drilling a tunnel, a rock drill having a plurality of drill rods drills a hole in a face, thereby forming a groove extending along the contour of the tunnel section.
Further, after making a plurality of holes in the portion surrounded by the groove,
The face was dug (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 59-22859).
5).

[0003]

However, the drilling by the drill rod takes time because of the repetition of the reciprocating operation of inserting and extracting the drill rod into the face ground and the repeated formation of the short groove by the drill rod. In addition, due to the bending generated in the drill rod, the drilling depth and the direction are out of order, which makes it impossible to secure a predetermined excavation amount, which necessitates a reduction in drilling efficiency. .

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to further enhance the excavation efficiency of a mountain tunnel.

[0005]

According to the present invention, one or more grooves extending along a contour of a tunnel section and a plurality of grooves extending in a vertical direction are excavated on a face by a circular saw. Crush or crush. Prior to crushing or crushing the face, a plurality of grooves extending laterally in the face may be excavated with a circular saw.

[0006] The excavation of the face comprises a machine, a boom supported on the machine and rotatable about a vertical axis and a horizontal axis, and a boom mounted at the tip of the boom and about the axis of the boom. This can be done using a tunnel drilling rig with a plurality of rotatable parallel circular saws. In the present invention, the term “circular saw” refers to a disk that includes a disk and a plurality of bits implanted on a peripheral surface of the disk. The disc is made of, for example, steel,
The bit is made of a cemented carbide, diamond or the like. The bit is implanted in the disc such that the circular saw is rotated about its axis such that the width of the groove cut by the bit is greater than the thickness dimension of the disc.

[0007]

According to the present invention, a circular saw is used to excavate a groove in a face. The drilling of the groove by the circular saw is performed by pressing the circular saw against the face and moving the circular saw in a predetermined direction, and does not require a reciprocating operation like a conventional drill rod. For this reason, the formation of the groove on the face can be performed in a short time. Further, a groove having a planned excavation depth and excavation direction can be formed, and a predetermined excavation amount by subsequent crushing or breaking of the face can be secured. As a result, the excavation efficiency of the mountain tunnel can be improved as compared with the related art.

Further, according to the excavator of the present invention, since a plurality of circular saws are provided in parallel with each other, when excavating a face with these circular saws, a plurality of grooves can be excavated at a time. Thus, excavation efficiency can be increased. Further, by appropriately setting the interval between the circular saws, it is possible to easily crush or break the face portion between the grooves.

[0009]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Referring to FIG. 1, a plurality of grooves 12, 14 are formed in a face 10 made of relatively hard ground such as rock for excavation of a mountain tunnel. It is divided into multiple sections. Face 10
Is divided into a plurality of sections, so that
Can be easily performed.

The plurality of grooves 12 are spaced from each other along a contour 16 of a tunnel section to be excavated. Instead of the plurality of grooves 12 extending intermittently, one continuous groove (not shown) may be formed. The contour 16 of the illustrated tunnel cross-section includes an arcuate arch 18 and a linear bottom 20 connected to both ends of the arch.

The plurality of grooves 14 are provided at intervals in the horizontal direction (horizontal direction), and extend from the arch portion 18 of the contour 16 of the tunnel cross section to the bottom 20 in the tunnel cross section in the vertical direction (vertical direction). It extends linearly to The formation of the groove 14 extending in the up-down direction is performed by forming the groove 1
2 or before the formation of the groove 12.

Although each of the illustrated vertical grooves 14 comprises one continuous groove, it may alternatively comprise a plurality of intermittent grooves (not shown). It is optional whether or not the vertical groove 14 intersects with the groove 12 extending along the contour 16 of the tunnel cross section.

As shown in FIG. 2, if necessary, a plurality of grooves 22 which extend linearly in the horizontal direction (horizontal direction) between the arch portions 18 of the contour 16 of the tunnel cross section are formed. By providing a plurality of lateral grooves 22 that intersect the longitudinal grooves 14, the face 10 can be divided into smaller sections.

The lateral grooves 22 are provided at intervals in the vertical direction. Each lateral groove 22 is composed of a plurality of grooves extending intermittently, but may alternatively be composed of one continuously extending groove (not shown).
The lateral grooves 22 may also be longitudinal grooves 14 or contours 16.
It does not matter whether or not it intersects the groove 12 along.

Groove 12 and longitudinal groove 14, or
Due to the formation of the lateral grooves 22 in addition to these grooves, the face 10 divided into a plurality of sections can be crushed or crushed with relatively small destructive force of the individual sections, and tunnel excavation can be advanced.

In the present invention, the excavation of the groove is performed by cutting the face 10 with a circular saw. For example, FIG.
5 can be performed using the tunnel excavator 30 shown in FIG.

The tunnel excavator 30 has a pair of circular saws 32. However, excavation of each of the grooves 12, 14, 22 can also be performed by a tunnel excavator having only one of the pair of circular saws 32, that is, a single circular saw.

Each circular saw 32 has a number of bits (not shown) made of cemented carbide or diamond on its peripheral surface, and presses the circular saw 32 against the face 10 while maintaining it in a predetermined direction. By moving, the face 10 can be cut to form the groove. The depth of the groove is determined by the diameter of the circular saw 32 or the pressing amount thereof, and the width of the groove is determined by the thickness of the circular saw 32. Further, by using the double circular saw 32, two grooves can be formed at one time. The interval between the two grooves is determined by the interval between the two circular saws 32.

The circular saw 32 is attached to a tip of a boom 34. The boom 34 is supported by a machine base 36.

The boom 34 has a front end portion 38 for supporting both circular saws 32, a rectangular cylindrical intermediate portion 40 for receiving a rear end portion of the rear end portion 38 slidably in the axial direction of the boom 34,
A base 42 is connected to the intermediate portion 40 and is relatively rotatable about the axis of the boom 34.

The front end portion 38 of the boom comprises a front end portion 44 having a plate shape as a whole, and a rectangular tubular rear end portion 46 connected to the front end portion. Both circular saws 32 are arranged on both sides of the front end portion 44 and are rotatably supported via a shaft member 48. Both circular saws 32 at front and rear end portions 44 and 46
A drive mechanism (not shown) including a motor for rotationally driving the motor, a reduction gear, a power transmission device, and the like is built in.

The distal end portion 38 and the intermediate portion 40 are respectively disposed on both sides facing each other, and are interconnected by a pair of hydraulic jacks 50 extending in the axial direction. Both ends of each hydraulic jack 50 are pivotally connected to a tip portion 38 and an intermediate portion 40, respectively.

By extending the hydraulic jacks 50, the tip 38 of the boom can be moved forward, and the circular saw 32 can be pressed against the face 10. Further, the contraction of the hydraulic jacks 50 allows the circular saws 32 to be pulled back.

A drive mechanism (not shown) is built in the base 42 of the boom. The drive mechanism is connected to the middle part 40 of the boom, and by actuating the drive mechanism, the middle part 40 and the tip 38 can be rotated about the axis of the boom 34. By this rotation, the angle between the shaft member 48 defining the rotation axis of the circular saws 32 and the horizontal plane can be changed, so that when excavating the groove 12 extending along the contour 16 of the tunnel cross section, The direction of the groove can be changed.

The boom 34 is supported at its base 42 by a machine base 36 so as to be rotatable about a vertical axis and a horizontal axis. More specifically, a pair of brackets 52 are rotatably mounted on the machine base 36 about a vertical axis,
A base 42 of the boom is attached to a pair of brackets 52 at a rear end portion thereof through a shaft member 54 penetrating these. Accordingly, the boom 34 is rotatable about a vertical axis that is the rotation axis 53 of the bracket 52, and is rotatable about the shaft member 54, that is, about a horizontal axis.

A pair of hydraulic jacks 56 for rotating the brackets 52 about the vertical axis, and a boom 3
A pair of hydraulic jacks 58 for rotationally driving the rotary shaft 4 around the horizontal axis are arranged. The two jacks 56 are pivotally connected to the brackets 52 and the machine base 36 at both ends thereof. The other two hydraulic jacks 58 are provided at both ends thereof at the base 4 of the boom.
2 and the lower end of both brackets 52.

By extending and contracting one hydraulic jack 56, both brackets 52 and the boom 34 supported thereby can be rotated about the vertical axis. The two imaginary lines 60 shown in FIG. 4 indicate the range of movement of the circular saws 32 or the range of the rotation angle of the boom 34 about the vertical axis when excavating the lateral groove 22.

The boom 34 can be rotated around the shaft member 54 by extending and contracting the other two hydraulic jacks 58. The two imaginary lines 62 shown in FIG.
5 shows the range of movement of the circular saws 32 or the range of rotation angles of the boom 34 about the horizontal axis when excavating the vertical groove 14. A part of the circular saw 32 indicated by imaginary lines in FIGS. 3 and 4 schematically shows the posture of the circular saw 32 at one position of the contour 16 when excavating the groove 12 along the contour 16 of the tunnel cross section. It is shown. As described above, the attitude of the circular saw 32 can be determined by rotating the circular saw 32 around the axis of the boom 34, and the height position and the horizontal position of the circular saw 32 are adjusted by moving the boom 34 along the vertical axis. And rotation about a horizontal axis.

Regarding the circular saw, instead of the illustrated example,
There can be three or more circular saws spaced and held parallel to one another.

The machine base 36 shown in the figure is composed of a vehicle having a pair of crawlers 64. In order to stabilize the vehicle body during work, a plurality of outriggers 66 are provided.

Groove 1 along contour 16 of the tunnel section
After excavating the lateral grooves 22 as necessary, such as when the hardness of the longitudinal grooves 14 and the longitudinal grooves 14 and the face 10 is high, the sections are crushed. That is, for example, using a hydraulic wedge / hydraulic crusher, expansive crushing agent, etc.
Next, each section is crushed using, for example, a breaker. As a result, the rock portion extending from the face 10 to the excavation depth of the grooves 12, 14, 22 is removed, thereby performing tunnel excavation.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of a face in which a groove extending along a contour of a tunnel cross section and a groove extending in a vertical direction are formed.

FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of a face in which a groove extending along a contour of a tunnel cross section, a groove extending in a vertical direction, and a groove extending in a lateral direction are formed.

FIG. 3 is a front view of the tunnel excavator.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of the tunnel excavator.

FIG. 5 is a side view of the tunnel excavator.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Face 12 Groove extending along the contour of tunnel section 14 Groove extending in the longitudinal direction 16 Groove of tunnel section 30 Tunnel excavator 32 Circular saw 34 Boom 36 Machine stand

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. Drilling a tunnel with a circular saw on a face, one or more grooves extending along the contour of the tunnel cross-section and a plurality of grooves extending in the longitudinal direction.
A tunnel excavation method, comprising crushing the face. 2. Prior to crushing the face,
Excavating a plurality of grooves extending laterally on the face with a circular saw,
The tunnel excavation method according to claim 1. 3. A base, a boom supported on the base and rotatable about a vertical axis and a horizontal axis, and mounted on a tip of the boom and rotatable about the axis of the boom. A tunnel drilling rig comprising a plurality of circular saws parallel to each other.