JPH11227396A - Cosmetic material manufacturing method - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [PROBLEMS] To efficiently produce a ceramic decorative material having a three-dimensional uneven surface. SOLUTION: The transfer layer side of a transfer sheet S including a support and a transfer layer is opposed to the uneven surface side of a base material B to be transferred, and solid particles P ejected from an ejector 32 are supported on the support side of the transfer sheet. After the transfer sheet is pressed against the substrate to be transferred by the collision pressure, the support is peeled off, and the post-baking is performed to obtain a transfer product such as a decorative material. At this time, as the base material to be transferred, a base material baked after glazing on ceramics or non-glazed ceramics is used. Alternatively, after the transfer of the transfer layer, only the resin component in the transfer layer or the like on the base material to be transferred is baked, further glazed and baked, and the glaze layer is baked together with the transfer layer to make the glaze layer a transparent protective layer.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for producing a decorative material having an outer wall, an inner wall, a floor and the like and, particularly, an uneven decorative surface used for exterior and interior materials of a house. The present invention relates to a manufacturing method for making a surface of the uneven surface by using a curved surface transfer method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, decorative boards having decorations such as pictures on a substrate surface of the decorative board by a direct printing method, a laminating method, a transfer method or the like have been used for various purposes. In this case, if the surface of the base material is flat, the decoration of the picture can be easily made, but the decoration of the pattern is applied to the uneven surface by a special device. For example, in the case of a columnar shape such as a window frame or a surface border material, the base material decoration surface is a two-dimensional unevenness (a shape having a curvature only in one direction (a direction perpendicular to the generating line or the height direction) like a cylinder). One applicable curved surface decoration technique is proposed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-5895. That is, the technique of the publication is a surface decoration method by a laminating method, in which a front cover sheet coated with an adhesive on one side is supplied, while the base material is horizontally conveyed at a speed synchronized with the supply speed of the front cover sheet, and is additionally provided. While maintaining the state in which the end of the facing sheet is not adhered by the large number of holding jigs, the adhesive-applied surface side of the facing sheet is pressed stepwise with respect to the base material for each small area, and the base sheet is used as a base. It is to be adhered by heating to the material surface. This method is called a lapping method. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-139097 proposes a curved surface decoration technique applicable to the case where the surface unevenness is a three-dimensional unevenness such as an embossed shape (that is, a shape having a curvature in two directions like a hemisphere). Have been. That is, the technology of the same publication is a surface decoration method by a transfer method, a thermoplastic resin film is used as a support of a transfer sheet, and a release layer, a pattern layer, and an adhesive layer are sequentially provided on the support. The transfer sheet is placed on a substrate having an uneven surface, and is pressed from the back surface of the support with a heat roller made of rubber having a rubber hardness of 60 ° or less to transfer a picture, thereby obtaining a decorative plate. Further, a foamed layer which foams by heat during transfer is provided between the support and the release layer, and the foaming is also utilized to follow the uneven surface of the substrate.

[0003]

However, in the above-described conventional method, the technique disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-5895 can only handle a two-dimensional curved surface. Although the technology proposed in Japanese Patent Application Publication No. H08-27139 can handle three-dimensional curved surfaces, it basically uses elastic deformation of the rotating heat roller by rubber to follow the surface irregularities. Not applicable to irregularities. In addition, the soft rubber roller is liable to be worn by the corners of the unevenness of the transfer-receiving substrate. Also,
In a configuration in which the foam layer is provided on the transfer sheet, the transfer sheet becomes too complicated and expensive. In addition, there is a problem that the substrate is limited to a flat substrate as a whole. Furthermore, when the substrate to be transferred is a ceramic in particular, it can be decorated by a general printing method such as screen printing or a normal hot stamp transfer method if it is flat, but it is difficult to apply it to an uneven surface.

Accordingly, the present invention provides a cosmetic material which can be transferred to a large three-dimensional uneven surface and which has excellent surface decorativeness. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method of manufacturing by using a substrate having an uneven surface made of ceramics as a substrate to be transferred by employing a curved surface transfer method that does not require replacement.

[0005]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a first aspect of the method for producing a decorative material according to the present invention is to provide a base material having an uneven surface which is fired after glazing ceramics. A method of manufacturing a decorative material in which a transfer sheet including a support and a transfer layer is transferred to the transfer layer by following the uneven surface, and then baked to bake the transfer layer.
As a transfer method, a curved surface transfer method using solid particle collision pressure was used. In the curved surface transfer method, as a means for pressing a transfer sheet against a transfer substrate and pressing the transfer sheet against the transfer substrate, solid particles collide with the support side of the transfer sheet and the collision pressure is used. That is, the transfer layer side of the transfer sheet including the support and the transfer layer is opposed to the uneven surface side of the transfer-receiving base material having the uneven surface, and solid particles collide with the support side of the transfer sheet, and the collision pressure The transfer sheet is pressed into contact with the uneven surface of the base material to be transferred, and after the transfer layer adheres to the base material, the support of the transfer sheet is peeled off to remove the transfer layer. It was transferred to the material.

A second aspect of the method for producing a decorative material according to the present invention is a case where the substrate to be transferred is non-glazed. In other words, a transfer sheet composed of a support and a transfer layer is made to follow the uneven surface on a transfer substrate having an uneven surface made of unglazed ceramics, and the transfer layer is transferred. This is a method of manufacturing a decorative material to be baked, wherein a curved surface transfer method using solid particle collision pressure is used as a transfer method as in the first embodiment.

A third aspect of the method for producing a decorative material according to the present invention is the same as the first or second aspect, except that after the transfer of the transfer layer, the transfer layer or the like on the substrate to be transferred is transferred. After baking only the resin component, the glaze layer was further baked and baked, and the glaze layer was baked together with the transfer layer to provide the glaze layer as a transparent protective layer.

As a result, with respect to the decorative material of the ceramic base material as well, in each of the above forms, a decorative material in which a large three-dimensional uneven surface is decorated by transfer can be easily obtained.

[0009]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the curved surface transfer method of the present invention will be described below.

[Transferred Substrate] First, as the substrate to be transferred in the present invention, the surface to be transferred can of course be applied, but the present invention is most effective when the surface to be transferred is an uneven surface. In particular, the substrate to be transferred has three-dimensional irregularities. In a conventional holding jig that makes rotational contact (the aforementioned Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-5895) or a transfer roller made of rubber (see the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-139097), the directionality of the rotating shaft is essentially changed. Due to this, applicable surface irregularities are restricted. That is, in the former, it is limited to two-dimensional unevenness having a curvature only in one axis direction,
In the latter case, even if transfer to three-dimensional unevenness having a curvature in two axial directions is possible, the three-dimensional shape cannot be uniformly applied to an arbitrary direction. For example, unless the longitudinal direction of the wood grain conduit pattern is parallel to the feed direction of the transfer sheet, it cannot be successfully transferred to the concave portion of the conduit. Moreover, in the latter case, the shape of the base material is practically limited to a flat plate shape, and otherwise, it is impossible unless a transfer roller having a special shape tailored to each base material shape is used. However, in the present invention, as described later, since the collision pressure of a group of solid particles that can behave fluidly is utilized, the planar direction of the pressure application region is essentially required for the three-dimensional shape of the surface irregularities. Do not have. (The directionality is a direction of a temporal position change of a point on the transfer-receiving substrate to which pressure is applied.) Therefore, a feeding direction of the transfer sheet or the transfer-receiving substrate (transfer pressure applying direction). A transfer substrate having a shape having irregularities may be used. In other words, it means that the present invention can be applied to two-dimensional unevenness having unevenness only in one direction such as only the feed direction or width direction, and three-dimensional unevenness having unevenness in two directions such as both the feed direction and the width direction. The point that the collision pressure of the solid particles does not have any direction is that the ejector that ejects the solid particles is moved so that the single transfer sheet is placed on the substrate to be transferred and pressed and adhered one by one. Alternatively, it can be easily understood by considering the manner in which the transfer sheet and the base material to be transferred are moved while the ejector is fixed, and the region to which the collision pressure is applied moves.

The substrate to be transferred is not limited to a flat plate material (having an envelope shape) as a whole, but has a two-dimensional unevenness whose cross section is convex or concave in an arc shape and curved in the feeding direction or width direction. The curved surface may have finer three-dimensional surface irregularities. In the present invention, it is possible to arbitrarily determine whether to transfer the two-dimensional irregularities such as the arc shape of the base material to be transferred, for example, in the width direction or in the feed direction, in consideration of workability and the like. Further, a transferred substrate having an uneven surface superimposed on large pattern unevenness and having fine unevenness, or a transferred substrate having a surface to be transferred to the bottom of the concave portion or the inner surface of the concave portion of the uneven surface is also possible. The large pattern irregularities and the fine irregularities are, for example, as shown in FIG. 11, the irregularities of the substrate to be transferred are composed of large pattern irregularities 401 and 402 and the minute irregularities 403 on the convex portions 402. The shape has a step of 1 to 10 mm, a width of the concave portion of 1 to 10 mm, and a width of the convex portion of 5 mm or more. The fine uneven shape is smaller than the large uneven shape in both the step and the width. Specifically, the step is about 0.1 to 5 mm, the width of the concave portion and the width of the convex portion are 0.1 mm or more, and is about less than 1/2 of the width of the convex portion having a large uneven shape. As a specific example of a concave-convex pattern of a cosmetic material having a combination of large pattern irregularities and fine irregularities, and having a three-dimensional surface irregularity, for example,
It has a two-dimensional array pattern of tiles, bricks, stones, etc. with joints, grooves, etc. as large irregularities, and irregularities on the spray painted surface such as stucco, ricin, etc. as fine irregularities on it,
It has a stone-grained uneven pattern such as a cleaved surface of granite or a stone surface such as a travertine marble board, or a large-sized uneven pattern, such as a paneling pattern having joints, grooves, sash, sane, etc., and a floating wood grain pattern. As the fine unevenness, a woodgrain-like unevenness pattern having a conduit groove, a raised annual ring, a hairline, and the like can be given. In addition, each surface constituting the uneven surface is only a flat surface,
It is arbitrary from a curved surface alone or a combination of a plane and a curved surface. Therefore, the curved surface on the substrate to be transferred according to the present invention also means a concavo-convex surface having no curved surface composed of only a plurality of flat surfaces, such as a tooth profile of a clog. Further, the curvature in the present invention includes a case where the curvature is infinite (the radius of curvature = 0) which is angular like the periphery of a side or a vertex of a cube. In addition,
Pressing,
Embossing, extrusion, cutting, molding, etc. may be used.

The substrate to be transferred is arbitrary as long as the material is ceramics, and includes ceramics such as glazed or unglazed ceramics, glazed or unglazed earthenware, tableware, glass and the like. The enamel is also a metal substrate, but the surface is ceramics, which is a type of ceramics. These are used, for example, as plate materials. When a liquid is used as the solid particle accelerating fluid and solid particles are ejected together with the liquid as described later, a substance that is insoluble and non-absorbable in the liquid is preferable. For example, ceramics, glass, and the like.

[Transfer Sheet] The transfer sheet is composed of a support and a transfer layer that transfers and transfers. The transfer layer comprises at least a decorative layer. Further, the adhesive may be formed on the transfer sheet as an adhesive layer that becomes a part of the transfer layer. When a liquid is used as the solid particle acceleration fluid and the solid particles are ejected together with the liquid, an insoluble substance for the liquid is used for the support and the transfer layer. For example, if the liquid is water, except for the water-soluble resin and the like, it may be appropriately selected and used from materials used as general transfer sheets according to the following.

(Support) On the support, if the substrate to be transferred is a two-dimensional uneven surface, paper having no stretchability (however, when the solid particle accelerating fluid is a liquid, It is possible to use an insoluble material), but in order to apply the present invention to a three-dimensional uneven surface exhibiting its true value, a stretchable support is used at least at the time of transfer. Due to the stretchability, when the collision pressure of the solid particles is applied, the transfer sheet can be closely adhered and transferred to the inside of the concave portion on the surface of the transfer-receiving substrate. The stretchability of the entire transfer sheet is mainly governed by the stretchability of the support. Therefore, in addition to a conventionally known thermoplastic resin film, a rubber film that can be stretched even at normal temperature can be used as the support.
In the case of a thermoplastic resin film, when forming a transfer layer such as a decorative layer, there is almost no stretchability, and during transfer, a sufficient stretchability is exhibited by heating, and after cooling, the deformed shape is maintained, and the shape due to elasticity is maintained. As a transfer sheet that does not cause restoration, a transfer sheet that can be used in the present invention can be prepared as easily as a conventionally known ordinary transfer sheet. As a specific example of the support, in terms of stretchability, even a biaxially stretched polyethylene terephthalate film, which has been widely used in the past, can provide necessary and sufficient stretchability by setting heating conditions, collision pressure conditions, and the like, depending on the surface unevenness. Since it can be expressed, curved surface transfer is possible. However, preferred supports that easily exhibit stretchability at lower temperatures and lower pressures include, for example, thermoplastic polyester resins such as ethylene terephthalate / isophthalate copolymer polyester, polybutylene terephthalate, polypropylene, polyethylene, and polymethylpentene. Polyolefin resin, vinyl chloride resin, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, acrylic resin, polyamide resin, or natural rubber, synthetic rubber, olefin thermoplastic elastomer, urethane thermoplastic elastomer, etc. Alone or as a mixture,
A resin film having a single layer or different layers may be used. These resin films are preferably low stretched or unstretched. For example, specifically, a polypropylene-based thermoplastic elastomer film is one of the supports that are excellent in stretching properties, do not generate hydrochloric acid gas during waste combustion, and are environmentally friendly. The thickness of the support is usually 20 to 200 μm.
m.

When a liquid is used as the solid particle accelerating fluid, it is possible to use a resin film that swells but is insoluble with respect to the liquid that comes into contact during the transfer. As an example of such a swellable and insoluble resin film, when water or an aqueous solution is used as a liquid, see JP-A-54-1.
No. 50208, JP-B-61-3276, etc. are polyvinyl alcohol-based films having an average degree of polymerization of 300 to 3000 and a degree of saponification of 65 to 97 m.
ol%, and a film having a thickness of 20 to 200 μm is typical.

If necessary, the support may be provided with a release layer on the transfer layer side in order to improve the releasability from the transfer layer. The release layer is removed together with the support from the transfer layer when the support is released. As the release layer, for example, a simple substance such as a silicone resin, a melamine resin, a polyamide resin, a urethane resin, a polyolefin resin, a wax, or a mixture containing these is used.

(Transfer Layer) The transfer layer comprises at least a decorative layer, and a release layer, an adhesive layer and the like may be a component of the transfer layer as appropriate. In the configuration having the adhesive layer, it is possible to omit applying the adhesive to one or both of the transfer sheet and the substrate to be transferred at the time of transfer. The decoration layer is gravure printing,
A pattern layer or the like in which a pattern or the like is printed with a conventionally known method or material such as silk screen printing or offset printing, and a layer suitable for use is used. A wood pattern, a stone pattern, a cloth pattern, a tile pattern, a brick pattern, a leather pattern, a character, a geometric pattern, a solid pattern, or the like is used as the pattern according to the surface irregularities of the substrate to be transferred. The picture layer ink is composed of a vehicle composed of a binder or the like, a colorant composed of a pigment, and various additives appropriately added thereto.

As the coloring agent and the vehicle, those used for painting on ordinary ceramics are employed. Examples of the coloring agent include (Co, Al) oxide and (Co, Al,
Blue color composed of Zn, Si) oxide, (Cd, Se, S)
Red color of oxide, yellow color of (Ti, Sb, Ni) oxide and (Ti, Ba, Ni) oxide, (Fe, C
(r, Zn) Oxide brown, (Co, Fe, Cr)
An inorganic pigment such as black made of an oxide is used. In addition,
In these, for example, (Co, Al) oxide indicates that the pigment is composed of a Co oxide and an Al oxide. The pigment is preferably pulverized by a wet method using a pan mill, a roll mill, a medium disperser, or the like, together with a resin constituting a vehicle component. As a vehicle,
Various acrylates, poly n-butyl methacrylate,
Acrylic resin, butyral resin, cellulose resin, alkyd resin, polyethylene oxide resin, phenol resin, polyester resin, vinyl resin, vinyl resin, maleic acid resin Resin is used. The resin may be any as long as it is decomposed and volatilized by firing, or burns and disappears. Generally, a resin containing no nitrogen atom in the molecule is preferable in order to prevent soot from being generated during firing, and a resin containing no sulfur atom in the molecule is preferable in order to prevent discoloration of the pigment.

Further, if necessary, frit and glass particles are added in an appropriate amount. Further addition of these inorganic components is for correcting the glossiness and physical properties of the picture layer due to variations in the sedimentation of the pigment, although the inorganic components in the printing ink may be only the inorganic pigment. It also works to fix the pigment on the ceramic surface or glaze surface. Specifically, for example, PbO (78%), SiO (10%), B ₂
Low melting glass made of O ₃ (12%) or PbO-B ₂
O _{3 based, PbO-B 2 O 3 -SiO} 2 system, PbO-Zn
O-B ₂ O ₃ system, TiO ₂ -SnO ₂ -PbO-CdO
A glass having a particle size of about 0.1 to 10 μm made of a system or the like is used. Also, when printing with gravure printing,
In order to prevent the generation of dodder streaks, to prevent separation and sedimentation of inorganic components in the printing ink, and to prevent large changes and fading during firing of the picture layer on the glaze layer, the printing ink is used. The inorganic pigment, which is an inorganic component therein, has a particle size of 0.1 to 10 μm, more preferably 1 to 10 μm.
It is preferable to use one having a size within the range of ５5 μm.

Further, the release layer is used for adjusting the releasability between the support or the release layer and the decorative layer, and for protecting the surface of the decorative layer before the firing after transfer. The arrangement between these layers is the same as that of a conventionally known transfer sheet. For the release layer, for example, a resin or the like used as a binder of the picture layer ink is used. The release layer is transferred to the transfer-receiving substrate together with the decorative layer during transfer, and covers the surface of the decorative layer. This release layer is removed by firing, decomposition, sublimation, or the like during firing. If the frit or the glass particles as described above are added to the release layer, the glass layer melted and solidified by firing can function as a permanent protective layer on the decoration layer surface after firing. In addition, in order to easily remove the residual air embraced between the surface of the substrate to be transferred and the transfer sheet,
If necessary, a large number of small holes may be formed in the entire surface of the transfer sheet so as to penetrate the entire layer of the transfer sheet. The stoma diameter is approximately 0.1
個数 1 mm, and the number density is about 1-100 / cm ² .

[Adhesive] The adhesive is used as an adhesive layer constituting a transfer layer of a transfer sheet or as an adhesive layer on a substrate to be transferred, in advance, or immediately before transfer, by in-line coating or off-line coating. Apply by mechanic. When applied to a substrate to be transferred, the adhesive layer of the transfer sheet transfer layer can be omitted. The adhesive to be used may be appropriately selected depending on the application, required physical properties, and the like. When a liquid is used as the solid particle accelerating fluid, a substance that is insoluble in the liquid is selected.

As the adhesive to be used, for example, various adhesives such as a heat-sensitive adhesive, a two-component curable adhesive, a water-based adhesive, and a pressure-sensitive adhesive using an adhesive can be used. As these adhesives, conventionally known adhesives in which the resin component disappears by burning, sublimation, thermal decomposition, and the like upon firing may be used. When water is used for the solid particle accelerating fluid, avoid using an aqueous adhesive.
As the heat-sensitive adhesive, any of a heat-sealing adhesive using a thermoplastic resin and a thermosetting adhesive using a thermosetting resin can be used. However, from the viewpoint that the bonding is completed in a short time, a heat fusion type (heat-sensitive adhesive) is preferable. The adhesive may be diluted with a solvent or without a solvent, or may be a liquid or a solid at room temperature. In the case of adhesives other than pressure-sensitive adhesives that exhibit tackiness,
The transfer layer can be a single layer of the adhesive layer. If a coloring agent such as a pigment is added to the adhesive layer, it can be said that the entire layer is a decorative layer composed of a solid ink layer.

As the heat-sensitive adhesive, conventionally known adhesives such as polyvinyl acetate resin, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, acrylic resin, thermoplastic polyester resin, rosin resin and butyral resin can be used. it can.
As the thermosetting adhesive, a phenol resin, a diallyl phthalate resin, an epoxy resin, or the like can be used.

Further, various additives can be further added to the various resins used for the adhesive, if necessary. These additives include, for example, extenders (fillers) composed of fine powders such as calcium carbonate, barium sulfate, silica, and alumina, and thixotropic agents such as organic bentonite (especially for transfer-receiving substrates having a large uneven step). In this case, the adhesive may be added to prevent the adhesive from flowing into the concave portion from the convex portion.).

Further, an adhesive containing glass frit is used as an adhesive, an adhesive is applied to an unglazed non-glazed transfer-receiving substrate, and after the transfer of the transfer layer, it is baked and baked.
The applied adhesive may be a glass frit layer.
For example, an adhesive containing glass frit is applied to the surface of an unglazed substrate to be transferred (unglazed), and then a release layer as a transfer layer and a picture layer printed with an ink containing a baked pigment on a support. Using a transfer sheet provided with a decorative layer consisting of in order, the transfer layer is transferred to the coated surface of the adhesive, the adhesive is dried and then fired, and the decorative layer is fused to the substrate to be transferred. Then, the decorative surface is glazed and fired again.
In this case, the resin used for the adhesive is decomposed and volatilized by firing, or disappears by firing,
The material is not limited as long as it is in close contact with the non-glazed transfer substrate. It is preferable to use a water-soluble resin solution such as an acrylic resin or an emulsion of the resin because the effect as a sealant on the substrate to be transferred is large.

The above-mentioned glass frit may be selected from commercially available ones having appropriate physical properties and particle diameters according to the conditions such as the material of the substrate to be transferred, the sintering temperature and the means for applying the adhesive. good. Usually, the particle size is in the range of 1 to 10 μm, preferably 3 to 5 μm, and the melting temperature is 700 to 800 ° C.
Are suitable. For example, SiO ₂ or Zr
O ₂ -based materials exhibit melting temperatures in the above ranges. The desired glass frit will be found among the commercial products. If the content of the glass frit in the adhesive composition is too large, the adhesion to the substrate to be transferred and the transfer layer (decoration layer) by transfer is weakened, and if the content is too small, the fusion of the transfer layer by firing is insufficient. Therefore, it is preferable to select from the range of 10 to 50% by weight, particularly 25 to 35% by weight of the solid content. In addition,
The means for applying the adhesive containing the glass frit is arbitrary, such as brush coating and spray coating, and the amount of application is generally 50 g / m ² or more, although it depends on the glass frit content.

To apply the adhesive to a sheet such as a transfer sheet or a substrate to be transferred, a solvent (or a dispersion medium) such as water or an organic solvent is used.
In the form of a solution (or dispersion) dissolved (or dispersed) in
Alternatively, a hot-melt thermoplastic composition or a room-temperature liquid uncured resin is applied in the form of a solvent-free resin liquid. As a coating method,
It may be applied by a solution coating using a gravure roll coat or the like, which is a conventionally known coating method, or a melt coating (melt coating) method using an applicator or the like. In particular, a coating method such as a roll coat using a roll such as a soft rubber roll or a sponge roll, a curtain flow coat, a spray coat, a melt coat, or the like is preferably applied to a substrate to be transferred having an uneven surface. When used without adding a diluting solvent, solvent drying is unnecessary. For example, heat-sensitive adhesives can be used as solventless hot-melt adhesives, respectively. When used as a hot-melt adhesive, there is no solvent, so solvent drying is unnecessary even immediately before transfer, and high-speed production is possible. The application amount of the adhesive varies depending on the composition of the adhesive, the type of the substrate to be transferred, and the surface state, but is usually about 10 to ²⁰⁰ g / m ² (solid content).

In the case where the adhesive is used as a hot melt adhesive, and when the transfer sheet is further modified to follow the irregular shape of the substrate to be transferred and transferred, the support of the transfer sheet is necessarily made of polypropylene. It is necessary to select a material exhibiting thermoplasticity or rubber elasticity at room temperature or in a heated state, such as a thermoplastic resin sheet such as a system resin. However, from another viewpoint, a material having low heat resistance should be selected for the support. Means that you don't get it. Therefore, when the adhesive is melt-coated to form a transfer sheet, when the adhesive layer is thickly applied, the support is softened by heat during the melt coating, and the adhesive is heated in an adhesive coating apparatus. The sheet may stick to the applicator roller and may be stretched, distorted, or entangled by dragging. Therefore, in such a case, the transfer sheet may be formed by applying an adhesive via a release sheet (separator) instead of directly applying the adhesive to the sheet by melt coating. That is, the adhesive is heated and melt-coated on a release sheet having heat resistance and release properties, and then the release sheet and the sheet to be the transfer sheet are temporarily laminated by a nip roller or the like with the applied adhesive. Then, by peeling only the release sheet from the sheet by a peeling roller or the like,
The transfer sheet having the adhesive layer formed thereon can be obtained by reducing heat damage to the sheet. The release sheet does not need to be stretchable. A heat-resistant resin sheet such as biaxially stretched polyethylene terephthalate sheet, polyethylene naphthalate, polyarylate, or polyimide, or paper is used as a base material. For example, a conventionally known release sheet subjected to a release treatment by such coating can be used. The thickness of the release sheet is usually about 50 to 200 μm.

The timing of heating using a heat-sensitive adhesive such as a heat-sensitive adhesive for activating the adhesive and performing heat fusion is determined before, during, and after the collision pressure is applied.
Alternatively, it may be before or during the application of the collision pressure.
The heating of the adhesive is performed by heating the transfer sheet or the substrate to be transferred. Materials to which adhesive has been applied (transfer sheet and substrate to be transferred)
May be heated, the material on the side where the adhesive is not applied may be heated, or both materials may be heated. Further, for the heating during the application of the collision pressure, heated solid particles or a fluid for accelerating the solid particles may be used as the heating fluid. On the other hand, if the transfer sheet follows the surface shape of the substrate to be transferred and is formed, and the adhesive is sufficiently activated, cooling of the adhesive may be promoted by cooling means such as cold air. Cold air is blown from the transfer sheet side or the transfer-receiving substrate side. In addition, cooling solid particles and cooling fluid can also be used as cooling means. The promotion of cooling also prevents the transfer sheet formed following the inside of the concave portion of the concave-convex surface of the transfer-receiving substrate from returning to the case where there is a restoring force after releasing the collision pressure. (Hereafter, following the next document file)

[Solid Particles] Solid particles include non-metallic inorganic particles such as glass beads, ceramic beads, calcium carbonate beads, alumina beads, zirconia beads, alundum beads, corundum beads, etc.
Iron or carbon steel, iron alloys such as stainless steel, aluminum, or aluminum alloys such as duralumin, titanium,
Metal particles such as metal beads such as zinc, or organic particles such as resin beads such as fluororesin beads, nylon beads, silicone resin beads, urethane resin beads, urea resin beads, phenol resin beads, crosslinked rubber beads, or metals And inorganic / resin composite particles composed of an inorganic particle and a resin. The shape of the solid particles is
Spherical, spheroidal, polyhedral, scaly, amorphous, or other shapes may be used, but spherical shapes (including spheroidal shapes) are most preferred.

When liquid water is used as the solid particle accelerating fluid, the solid particles are preferably nonmetals such as stainless beads, glass beads, ceramic beads, and resin beads that do not rust or corrode with water. The particle diameter of the solid particles is usually about 10 μm to 1 mm, but is preferably 0.1 μm to 1 mm.
1 to 1.0 mm, more preferably 0.3 to 1.0 mm
mm range is easy to use. If it is too small, the collision pressure tends to be insufficient. On the other hand, if it is too large, the ability of the transfer sheet to follow the small uneven shape of the transfer surface is reduced, and the collision pressure becomes too large, and the transfer sheet breaks, the transfer base material deforms, cracks, breaks, etc. Destruction is easy to occur.

The solid particles can also serve as a heating means and a cooling means. When heated solid particles are used, the activation of the adhesive by heating and the promotion of crosslinking and curing thereof, or the improvement of the stretchability by heating the transfer sheet can be performed together with the pressing of the transfer sheet. In this case, the transfer sheet and the substrate to be transferred may be heated to some extent by another heating method before the application of the collision pressure. For the purpose of promoting cooling after bonding, solid particles having a temperature lower than the temperature of the adhesive at the time of bonding can be used as the cooling solid particles. The solid particles may be used in combination with a part or all of the solid particles as heated solid particles or cooled solid particles, or after the heated solid particles collide with the cooled solid particles.
In addition, the transfer sheet, the base material to be transferred, the adhesive, etc., which need to be heated by another heating method, are sufficiently heated, and the cooling solid particles are used for the formation, adhesion and cooling of the transfer sheet. It can be done at the same time. In order to heat or cool the solid particles, when storing the solid particles in a tank in the form of a hopper or the like, heating means using an electric heater, heated steam, a refrigerant, etc., provided in the tank or on the outer wall of the tank, cooling means You can do it in Further, these means may be provided on the outer wall of the solid particle transport pipe, and heating or cooling may be performed in the transport pipe. Alternatively, when a fluid is used for accelerating the solid particles, a cooled or heated fluid may be used to cool or heat the solid particles by heat conduction from the fluid. In this case, by causing the fluid to collide with the transfer sheet, the fluid can be used as a heating or cooling unit together with the solid. Alternatively, when the fluid is a liquid and a tank for storing solid particles together with the liquid is used, the solid particles and the liquid may be cooled and heated during storage.

[Application of Impact Pressure by Solid Particles] In order to strike the solid particles against the transfer sheet and apply the impact pressure to press the transfer sheet against the substrate to be transferred, a solid particle ejection means for ejecting the solid particles is used. A large number of solid particles are continuously ejected from the ejector toward the transfer sheet from the ejector, and an impact pressure is applied to the transfer sheet. A large number of solid particles collide with the transfer sheet as solid particles. Typically, an impeller or a blowing nozzle is used for the ejector. The impeller accelerates the solid particles by its rotation, and the blowing nozzle conveys and accelerates the solid particles by a high-speed fluid flow as a solid particle accelerating fluid. Sandblasting, shot blasting, shot peening and the like used in the blasting field can be used for the impeller and the blowing nozzle. For example, a centrifugal blast device is used for the impeller, and a pressurized or suction blast device, a wet blast device, or the like is used for the blowing nozzle. The centrifugal blast device accelerates and ejects solid particles by the rotational force of the impeller. The pressurized blast device ejects solid particles mixed with compressed air together with air. The suction-type blast device sucks solid particles into a negative pressure portion generated by a high-speed flow of compressed air, and ejects the solid particles together with the air. The wet blast device mixes and ejects solid particles with a liquid. In addition to the blowing nozzle and the impeller, a method of accelerating solid particles using free fall due to gravity, a method of accelerating magnetic particles by a magnetic field, and the like can be used for the ejector. In the case of an ejector using an impeller, gravity, and a magnetic field, it is also possible to eject solid particles toward a transfer sheet in a vacuum.

[Impeller] FIGS. 1 to 3 show conceptual diagrams of an example of an impeller that can be used as a particle accelerator of an ejector. These correspond to centrifugal blasting devices used in the blasting field. In the drawing, the impeller 812 has a plurality of blades 813 fixed on both sides thereof by two side plates 814,
The center of rotation is a hollow portion 815 having no blade 813. Further, a direction controller 816 is provided in the hollow portion 815.
Is inherent. The direction controller 816 has a hollow cylindrical shape having an opening 817 having a part of the outer periphery opened in the circumferential direction.
The second rotation axis is the same as the rotation axis, and is rotatable independently of the impeller. When using the impeller, the opening of the direction controller is fixed so as to face an appropriate direction, and the ejection direction of the solid particles is adjusted. Further, inside the directional controller, another impeller having a hollow inside and the same rotation axis as the rotation axis of the impeller 812 is provided as a sprayer 818 (see FIG. 3). The spreader 818 rotates with the outer impeller 812. The rotation axis of the side plate 814 is
The rotating shaft 819 is rotatably supported by a bearing 820 and driven and rotated by a rotating power source (not shown) such as an electric motor, so that the impeller 812 rotates. The rotating shaft 8
19 does not penetrate between the two side plates 814 having the blades 813 therebetween, and forms a space without a shaft. Then, the solid particles P are supplied into the sprayer 818 from a hopper or the like through a transport pipe. Usually, the solid particles are supplied from above (directly above or obliquely above) the impeller. The solid particles supplied into the sprayer are scattered outward by the impeller of the sprayer.
The scattered solid particles are applied to the opening 81 of the direction controller 816.
7 and is supplied only between the blades 813 of the outer impeller 812.
Then, it collides with the impeller 813, is accelerated by the rotational force of the impeller 812, and ejects from the impeller.

The ejection direction of the solid particles is shown in FIGS.
In FIG. 5B, it is almost vertically downward.
Alternatively, it may be inclined downward (not shown). FIGS. 4A and 4B are conceptual diagrams of ejection direction control for adjusting the ejection direction of solid particles by setting the direction of the opening 817 of the direction controller 816 (FIGS. 4A and 4B). In), the direction controllers are each fixed in the position shown). Note that the direction controller 816 can also adjust the ejection amount of the solid particles by adjusting the size of the opening in the circumferential direction and the width direction. In FIG. 2, the rotating shaft 819 is configured to be only outside the side plate 814 and not penetrate to the hollow portion 815. A configuration may be adopted in which the inside of a hollow cylindrical rotary shaft having an opening through which solid particles pass through is formed as a hollow part (not shown). Feather 81
The shape of 3 is typically a rectangular flat plate (rectangular parallelepiped) as shown in FIGS.
Select according to purpose. The number of blades is selected from a plurality of blades, usually up to a maximum of about ten blades. The shape of the impeller,
Depending on the number, rotation speed, mass and supply speed and supply direction of the solid particles, and the combination of the opening size and direction of the direction controller, the ejection direction of the accelerated solid particles, the ejection speed, the projection density, and the ejection diffusion Adjust the angle etc.

FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram showing another example of the impeller. The impeller 812a shown in the drawing has a structure in which a plurality of flat blades 813a are fixed on both sides by two side plates 814a. Usually, the solid particles P are supplied from above (directly above or obliquely above) the impeller. Also, the side plate 814
a also regulates the jetting direction in the width direction with respect to the rotating shaft 819a. By adjusting the shape, the number, the rotation speed, the mass of the solid particles, the supply speed and the supply direction of the impellers, the direction of the ejection (spout) of the accelerated solid particles, the ejection speed, the projection density, the ejection diffusion angle, etc. are adjusted. . The ejection direction of the solid particles can be vertically downward (not shown), horizontal (FIG. 5), obliquely downward (not shown), or the like.

Further, the impellers such as the above-mentioned impellers 812 and 812a are further provided with an ejection guide (not shown) for opening only a portion for ejecting and ejecting solid particles and covering the periphery of the other impellers, if necessary. Provision of the solid particle ejecting direction makes it possible to control the ejecting direction of the solid particles such as aligning the ejecting direction of the solid particles. The shape of the opening of the ejection guide is, for example, a hollow cylindrical shape, a polygonal column shape, a conical shape, a polygonal pyramid shape, a fish tail shape, or the like. The ejection guide may have a single opening, or may have an interior partitioned into a honeycomb shape.

The dimensions of the impellers such as the impellers 812 and 812a are usually about 5 to 60 cm in diameter, and the width of the impeller is 5 to 20 c.
m, the length of the impeller is about the diameter of the impeller, and the rotation speed of the impeller is about 500-5000 [rpm]. The ejection speed of the solid particles is about 10 to 50 [m / s], and the projection density (total weight of the solid particles to be collided per unit area of the base material) is about 10 to 150 [kg / m ² ].

The material of the blades of the impeller may be appropriately selected from ceramics, metals such as steel, high chromium cast steel, titanium, and titanium alloy. Since the solid particles are accelerated upon contact with the blade, it is preferable to use a high chromium cast steel or ceramic having good wear resistance for the blade.

[Blowing Nozzle] FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of a blowing device 840 using a blowing nozzle as a solid particle blowing means for blowing solid particles together with a fluid. Note that the ejector 840 shown in the figure uses gas as a solid particle accelerating fluid,
It is an example of an ejector in a form in which the gas and the solid particles are mixed and ejected when the solid particles are ejected. The ejector 840 shown in the figure includes an induction chamber 841 for mixing the solid particles P and the fluid F, and an induction chamber 8
The nozzle 41 includes an internal nozzle 842 for ejecting the fluid F into the nozzle 41, and an ejection nozzle 844 for ejecting the solid particles P and the fluid F from the nozzle opening 843. Compressor or blower (not shown)
Fluid F sent from a pressure tank (not shown)
Is ejected from the nozzle 844 of the nozzle 844 by jetting from the internal nozzle 842 through the induction chamber 841, a negative pressure is created by the action of the fluid flow flowing at high speed in the induction chamber 841 in the ejector. The negative pressure guides and mixes the solid particles into the fluid flow, accelerates and transports the solid particles with the fluid flow,
44 is ejected together with the fluid flow from the nozzle opening 843. It should be noted that the blowing nozzle includes a blowing nozzle using a liquid as a solid particle accelerating fluid. For liquids,
For example, a pump (not shown, when the fluid is a liquid) mixes and stores the fluid and the solid particles in a pressurized tank (not shown), and ejects the mixed solution from the nozzle opening of the blowing nozzle. used.

As the shape of the nozzle opening, a hollow cylindrical shape, polygonal column shape, conical shape, polygonal pyramid shape, fish tail shape or the like is used. The blowing nozzle may have a single opening, or may have an inside partitioned into a honeycomb shape. Fluid pressure is spraying pressure, usually 0.1-100k
g / cm ² . The flow velocity of the fluid flow is usually about 1 to 20 m / sec for the liquid flow, and is usually about 5 to 80 m / sec for the air flow. The material of the ejector such as the induction chamber and the nozzle is made of solid particles, such as ceramic, steel, titanium, titanium alloy, etc.
What is necessary is just to select suitably according to the kind of fluid. If the fluid is a liquid, select a material that does not cause rust, dissolution, corrosion, etc. For example, if the fluid is water, stainless steel, titanium, a titanium alloy, a synthetic resin, or ceramic is used. However, steel or the like may be used if the surface is waterproofed. Since solid particles pass through the inner wall of the ejector in contact with metal particles or inorganic particles when solid particles are used, since the particles are hard,
It is preferable to use ceramics having good wear resistance. When resin beads are used as solid particles, stainless steel may be used because they are softer than metal particles.

[Fluid] The fluid F is used as a solid particle accelerating fluid when the solid particles are accelerated and conveyed by the fluid flow and the solid particles are ejected together with the fluid from the solid particle ejecting means (eg, an ejection nozzle). . The fluid F is a solid particle acceleration fluid for accelerating the solid particles. As the fluid, both gas and liquid can be used, but usually, gas that is easy to handle is used. Air is a typical gas, but carbon dioxide,
Nitrogen or the like may be used. The liquid is not necessarily limited, but water is one of the preferred materials because of its nonflammability, ease of drying, non-toxicity, low cost, availability, and the like. In addition,
Nonflammable liquids such as chlorofluorocarbon, glycerin and silicone oil can also be used. A liquid (as well as a gas) can be impinged on the transfer sheet along with the solid particles. Naturally, liquid has a higher density than gas, so liquid is easier to accelerate when solid particles are accelerated by fluid flow than gas, and when liquid collides with the transfer sheet, Even at the same collision speed, the collision pressure is higher than that of gas and a practical collision pressure can be obtained. (Since the density difference from the solid particles is small, the solid particles can be easily transported.) Therefore, in the case of a liquid, in addition to the collision pressure of the solid particles, the collision pressure of the liquid can be used as the transfer pressure. A transfer pressure can be applied, and as a result, a large effect can be obtained by molding the transfer sheet by following the surface irregularities of the substrate to be transferred. Further, when a fluid is used as the heating or cooling means when the collision pressure is applied, the liquid has a higher specific heat than the gas, so that a greater heating or cooling effect can be obtained. In addition, when the liquid is an electric conductor such as water, explosion-proof measures against electrostatic charging are easier than in the case of a gas.

[Collision Pressure Application Form] Although it is possible to use only one ejector depending on the area of the collision pressure application area, if the required area is large, a plurality of ejectors are used to eject solid particles that collide with the transfer sheet. Preferably, the collision area has a desired shape. When applying a collision pressure while transporting the base material to be transferred, for example, a plurality of rows are arranged linearly in the width direction orthogonal to the feed direction of the transfer sheet and the base material to be transferred, and are linearly formed in the width direction. It is assumed that the collision area has a wide band shape. Alternatively, the jetting device 32 in FIG. 7A is arranged in a staggered pattern, and FIG. 7B is arranged in a row, but the center in the width direction is arranged so as to collide on the upstream side in the feeding direction. It is. FIG. 7 (B)
In the arrangement (1), the pressing of the transfer sheet against the transfer-receiving substrate by the collision pressure starts from the center in the width direction and is sequentially pressed toward both ends in the width direction. With this configuration, it is possible to prevent the transfer sheet from closely adhering to the transfer-receiving substrate while holding the air in the center in the width direction. In the case where a plurality of ejectors are arranged in the width direction as shown in FIG. 7, it is preferable that the pressurizing regions of the individual ejectors partially overlap each other and are arranged so as to be able to pressurize all over the entire width. FIG. 7B shows an example of such an arrangement. In the figure, the dotted line is (effective)
3 shows a pressurized area. In order to lengthen the collision pressure application time, it is preferable that the ejectors be arranged in two or more rows in the feed direction of the transfer sheet and the base material to be transferred.

Further, it is not necessary to make the collision pressures all uniform in the collision area. FIG. 8 shows a setting example of a mountain-shaped pressure distribution in which the central portion in the width direction orthogonal to the transport direction of the transfer sheet has the maximum collision pressure, and the collision pressure decreases toward both ends in the width direction. This setting assists the pressure welding to progress in a stepwise manner from a place where the pressure is high (the center in the figure) to a place where the pressure is low (the sides in the figure). However, when the pressure distribution is as shown in FIG. 8, the collision pressure on the transfer-receiving substrate is such that the transfer to the desired uneven surface can be completely performed, and the transfer sheet is distorted due to excessive pressure, Adjust so that it is all within the appropriate pressure range that does not cause deformation or breakage of the material. In the curved surface transfer method using a rubber transfer roller, if the diameter of the center portion of the transfer roller is increased, the center portion can be strengthened in terms of pressure, but the circumferential length differs between the center portion and both end portions. Contact is applied and pressure is applied, so that the transfer sheet cannot be fed uniformly. The collision pressure is adjusted by controlling the speed of solid particles colliding from the ejector with the transfer sheet, the number of solid particles colliding per unit time, the amount of projection, and the mass of one particle. Of these, to adjust the speed of solid particles,
For example, in the case of an ejector using an impeller, adjustment is performed by the rotation speed of the impeller, the diameter of the impeller, and the like. In the case of an ejector using a blowing nozzle, the opening / closing amount of a valve, the size of an inner diameter of a pipe for conveying solid particles connected to the valve, the fluid pressure (fluid) immediately before the ejector using a pressure regulator (regulator) or the like. By controlling the velocity of the ejected solid particles and the flow of the fluid, the adjustment is performed by controlling the single particles or the mixture of the fluid and the solid particles.

[Method of arranging ejector with respect to substrate to be transferred]
In the case of an ejector using an impeller, the ejection direction of the solid particles does not spread in principle in a direction parallel to the rotation axis of the impeller, but tends to spread in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis. On the other hand, in the case of the blowing nozzle, the spread of the solid particles to be blown out is smaller than that in the case of the blower using the impeller, and even if it spreads, it is usually uniform and isotropic in all directions. The arrangement of the ejectors may be determined in consideration of such characteristics of the ejectors. However, when one ejector cannot achieve the desired collision area size, a plurality of ejectors may be used. As described above, when a plurality of ejectors are arranged on the transfer surface of the substrate to be transferred, each ejector is parallel to the substrate to be transferred, and the ejection direction of each ejector is the direction of the transfer substrate. The basic arrangement is such that it is in the normal direction. This is because such a parallel arrangement allows the solid particles to collide perpendicularly to the envelope surface of the surface to be transferred of the substrate to be transferred, and basically allows the collision pressure to be used most effectively. Therefore, when the collision pressure is applied while the transfer base material is being conveyed, for example, as shown in FIG. In the case of a cylindrical convex curved surface, a plurality of ejectors 32 are prepared, and solid particles collide almost perpendicularly with an individual collision surface (tangential plane of the convex curved surface) mainly served by each ejector. It is preferable to arrange the ejector so that the direction of the ejector is the normal direction of the envelope surface of the adjacent transfer-receiving substrate surface. In this way, it is preferable to arrange the ejector in such a manner that the ejecting direction of the ejector is such that the solid particles collide as perpendicularly as possible according to the uneven shape of the target substrate to be transferred. However, the direction of the ejector need not necessarily be perpendicular to the side surface of the transfer sheet support. Further, a large number of ejectors may be provided, and some ejectors may be stopped depending on the substrate to be transferred.

[Actual Usage of Spouting Device] When transferring using solid particles, it is preferable that the solid particles be recycled without being scattered in the surrounding atmosphere. In other words, for this purpose, a chamber (isolation chamber) that isolates the collision space for pressing the transfer pressure due to the solid particle collision pressure from the surrounding space.
It is preferable to apply a transfer pressure by causing the solid particles to collide with the transfer sheet (see FIG. 10). The support may be peeled off the chamber.

[Heating of Transfer Sheet, Substrate to be Transferred, Adhesive, etc.] Even when a solid particle collision pressure is used as the transfer pressure, the adhesive activity is measured in the same manner as in a conventionally known transfer method using an elastic roller as a transfer roller. Or to improve transfer sheet stretchability, etc.
During or before the pressing of the transfer pressure, the transfer sheet, the substrate to be transferred, and the like can be appropriately heated.

For example, before the impact pressure is applied, the transfer sheet may be heated by any conventionally known heating means such as heater heating, dielectric heating, hot air heating, roller heating (in the case of a continuous belt), and infrared radiation heating. The substrate to be transferred (and the adhesive layer thereon) may be heated by any conventionally known heating means, similarly to the transfer sheet. For example, induction heating and dielectric heating can be performed from the inside of the substrate, while heater heating, infrared heating, and hot-air heating are more efficient from the uneven surface side. The substrate to be transferred may also be heated from the back side.
Heating from the back side quickly heats the base material having a large heat capacity, or as a heating during the application of the collision pressure, prevents the transfer sheet or the adhesive from cooling down to the completion of the application of the collision pressure to a predetermined temperature. It is effective when keeping it. The method of heating from the back side is based on heating the substrate carrier when the substrate carrier is provided with a heating means, or when the substrate to be transferred is carried on a substrate carrier. As a heating means of the substrate transport device, when a driving rotary roller row is used for transporting the substrate, a heat source such as a heater is disposed between the heating rollers and the rollers. The heating roller makes the inside of the roller hollow, allows a heating medium such as hot water to flow, or uses induction heating. When a rubber belt is used for the substrate transfer device, there is a method of using a heat-resistant rubber such as a silicone rubber as the rubber, and heating the rubber by dielectric heating or infrared rays. In addition, the substrate holder is heated by a substrate transport device that transports the substrate, or the substrate on which the substrate holder is mounted (impact pressure is applied in a stationary state without being transported) is used as a heating table. Alternatively, a heating means such as an electric heater may be provided on the substrate holder.

The heating during the application of the collision pressure may be performed by using heated solid particles as solid particles, by providing a heat source such as a heater dispersed in a gap between the ejectors, or by an ejector using an ejection nozzle.
The heating fluid can also be used as the solid particle acceleration fluid. Of course, heating before and during the pressing of the collision pressure, or heating only during the pressing, may be used as appropriate. However, if the hot air heating is performed in a chamber that separates the collision space from the surroundings, gas flows into the chamber and affects the pressure balance in the chamber. Therefore, it is preferable to perform the heating outside the chamber. That is, air is introduced into the chamber, and the load of the vacuum pump 36 (see FIG. 10) for collecting solid particles is increased, including the case where air is used for accelerating solid particles, to prevent solid particles from leaking. This is because it hinders the maintenance of the negative pressure in the chamber for stirring and stirs the solid particles. Also, the flow of the solid particles is disrupted.

Heating during use of the chamber may be performed outside or inside the chamber, or outside and inside the chamber. In the case of external and internal heating, even when sufficient preheating is required, the substrate to be transferred can be heated using a long transport distance when transporting the substrate. Further, if the internal volume of the chamber itself becomes large in order to provide a long substrate heating device inside the chamber, part or all of the substrate heating device is provided outside the chamber to reduce the internal volume of the chamber. This is advantageous in terms of handling in consideration of scattering and recovery of solid particles. The advantage of heating inside the chamber is that it can be heated just before the collision pressure is applied, or even during the application of the collision pressure. Particularly, it is intended to effectively preheat the transfer substrate having a large heat capacity only in the vicinity of the transfer surface. And so on.

[Forced Cooling of Adhesive] In the case where the adhesive is a heat-sealing type, if the adhesive is forcibly cooled after the transfer sheet is in close contact with the substrate to be transferred, the transfer sheet follows the inside of the concave portion and is formed. Promotes the fixation of the transfer sheet, prevents the transfer sheet from returning to its original shape after the pressure is released when the transfer sheet has a restoring force, and allows the transfer sheet (support) to be separated and removed more quickly. This prevents transfer omission and improves production speed. For this purpose, during the application of the collision pressure, the cooling solid particles are used without releasing the collision pressure, or when the solid particle acceleration fluid is used, the cooling fluid is used. It is preferable to cool the adhesive layer using cooling means. When the heat capacity of the transferred substrate is large, in addition to the cooling solid particles and the cooling fluid, the low-temperature fluid is sprayed, and the rollers for transferring the substrate, the belt conveyor or the substrate pedestal, etc., are cooled. Can be cooled from the back. Alternatively, after the cooling in the chamber, the cooling may be performed by blowing cool air from the front or back, or the like, outside the chamber after cooling inside the chamber, or without cooling inside the chamber, only outside the chamber. This also applies to the cooling of the transfer sheet.

[Peel-off of the support] The timing for peeling off the support is such that the support is cooled to such a degree that the support is not cut or plastically deformed by the stress at the time of release after the collision pressure is released. It may be performed after the transfer sheet is solidified by the curing reaction and fixed to the transfer substrate.

[Air Vent] If the adhesive to be the transfer layer or the adhesive layer on the substrate to be transferred is heated before the collision pressure is applied, if the adhesive is not activated, or if the adhesive is not activated. If the time process can be used, non-adhesive contact between the transfer substrate and the transfer sheet can be performed, so the transfer sheet is brought into contact with the uneven surface of the transfer substrate, and the transfer sheet and the transfer substrate It is advisable to perform “air bleeding” by forcibly removing the air in the gap. By removing the air, the air between the transfer sheet and the substrate to be transferred can be prevented from remaining “at the time of transfer”, and the transfer can be prevented. For example, in the apparatus shown in FIG.
This is performed by a suction / exhaust device 90 composed of 2 or the like. The suction and exhaust nozzles 91 are provided on both sides of the transfer sheet on the transfer layer side and on both sides adjacent to both sides along the transfer direction of the transferred base material (FIG. 10).
(B) is provided along the transfer direction of the transfer substrate, and the air between the transfer sheet and the transfer substrate may be sucked and exhausted by the vacuum pump 92. The outer periphery of the opening of the suction / exhaust nozzle 91 is surrounded by, for example, a brush, and if the tip of the brush is brought into contact with the base material to be transferred and the transfer sheet, air can be evacuated without any trouble. Further, it is preferable that the air be removed until the collision pressure is applied. The timing of the air release and the preheating of the transfer sheet may be started first, or both may be started simultaneously, depending on the speed at which the transfer sheet is preheated and softened, and the degree of softening. Air bleeding is effective when the surface to be transferred of the base material to be transferred has a rough surface such as a rock surface tone or a stucco tone.

[One Embodiment Using Chamber] As described above, it is preferable that the solid particles collide in the chamber to prevent them from scattering. However, it is practical and preferable to recycle the solid particles. So, next, use the chamber,
And according to FIG. 10 showing a conceptual diagram of an example of a curved surface transfer apparatus in the case of continuously transferring solid particles while circulating and reusing them,
One embodiment of the curved surface transfer method of the present invention will be described in more detail.

The apparatus shown in the figure is an apparatus for transferring a decorative layer or the like to a transfer base material B having a concavo-convex surface with a flat envelope shape using a continuous belt-shaped transfer sheet S. In the apparatus shown in the drawing, solid particles P are ejected from an ejector 32 in a chamber 33 of an impact pressure applying section 30 to apply an impact pressure. The ejector 32 uses, for example, the above-described impeller. The collision pressure application unit 30 stores a solid particle and supplies it to an ejector 32, an ejector 32, a chamber 33, a drain pipe 34 which is a return path to the solid particle hopper of the collision pressure, and converts the solid particle into a gas. A separation device 35 for separation, a vacuum pump 36 for sucking and discharging the carrier gas of the collected solid particles, and the like are provided. The chamber 33 covers at least the opening of the transfer sheet and the transfer substrate exposed to the collision pressure, except for the entrance of the transfer sheet and the transfer substrate, and at least the opening of the ejector, so that the solid particles are placed in an external working atmosphere. I try not to leak it. For this reason, the pressure inside the chamber is preferably made lower (negative pressure) than the outside.

The transfer is performed as follows. First,
The plate-shaped transfer base material B is conveyed one by one by a base material transfer device 10 including a drive rotary roller row, an endless track type conveyor belt and the like. The transfer-receiving base material B is first coated with an adhesive on the entire surface or on a desired portion, such as only the convex portions, by a base material coating device 50 that appropriately performs adhesive coating, base coating, and the like, as necessary. If there is a solvent component in the adhesive or the like applied by the substrate coating device, the substrate to be transferred and the adhesive are heated by the next substrate heating device 41, and the evaporation component is used for explosion-proof measures in the chamber. After being volatilized and dried from the viewpoint, it is transferred into the chamber 33. Then, the transferred substrate B is heated by the heating device 41, and then transported into the chamber 33 of the collision pressure applying unit 30.
Supplied.

On the other hand, the transfer sheet S
1. The sheet is conveyed by a sheet supply device 20 including a sheet support device 22, a sheet discharge device 23, and the like. First, the transfer sheet S is unwound from a supply roll set in the sheet feeding device 21 and passes through a guide roller to an impact pressure applying unit 30.
Into the chamber 33. When an adhesive is applied to the transfer sheet at the time of transfer, the transfer sheet is transferred to the sheet feeding device 21.
When the adhesive is applied by an adhesive applying device (not shown) while the solvent is supplied to the collision pressure applying unit 30 from the above, and further drying of the solvent is required, after drying the drying device (not shown), It is supplied to the collision pressure applying unit.

Further, as shown in FIG. 10B, when the transfer sheet S enters the chamber 33, both ends in the width direction are sandwiched by the sheet support device 22 as shown in FIG. 10B (FIG. 10A).
(Not shown in the figure), a space is slightly opened above the substrate B to be transferred so that the surface on the transfer layer side faces the substrate B to be conveyed. In the case of no transfer), the sheet is transferred at a constant speed in parallel with the transferred base material B, and is conveyed while maintaining a gap between the two until the transfer base material is brought into contact with the transferred base material B under impact pressure. You. The sheet supporting device 22 is composed of a belt or the like that rotates in accordance with the transfer of the transfer sheet while sandwiching both ends of the transfer sheet having a width larger than the width of the base material. Here, since the envelope surface of the substrate to be transferred is substantially flat, complete contact of the transfer sheet with the substrate by the impact pressure at the center in the width direction is temporally earlier at the above-described gap by the sheet supporting device. In the vicinity of both ends in the width direction, the operation is performed with a delay. This is between the substrate to be transferred and the transfer sheet (especially near the center).
This is one of the measures to prevent air from leaving close contact. When transferring the transfer sheet at a constant speed in the vicinity of the transfer substrate, whether the transfer sheet is slightly separated or transferred as a contact state with respect to the transfer substrate, the shape of the surface unevenness of the transfer substrate, The preheating temperature of the substrate to be transferred, the thermal deformability of the transfer sheet,
The selection is made by appropriately considering the collision pressure of the solid particles, the activation temperature of the adhesive, and the like. The transfer sheet is heated and softened by the sheet heating device 40 such as heater heating, infrared heating, dielectric heating, induction heating, hot air heating, or the like, before being nipped and conveyed by the sheet supporting device and receiving the application of the collision pressure. The film is easily stretched when a collision pressure is applied. In addition, depending on the transferred substrate that is heated by the substrate heating device and supplied to the collision pressure applying unit,
The transfer sheet is heated indirectly. Heating by the sheet heating device can be omitted when preheating of the transfer sheet is unnecessary.

On the other hand, the solid particles P are supplied from the hopper 31 to the ejector 32 in the chamber 33, where they are accelerated by the impeller as shown in FIGS. I do. Then, the transfer sheet is exposed to collision of solid particles ejected from the ejector.
Here, since the envelope surface of the substrate to be transferred is substantially flat, the solid particles mainly collide with the support side of the transfer sheet substantially vertically, and collide with the entire width in which the substrate to be transferred and the transfer sheet are conveyed. Area. Then, as the transfer base material and the transfer sheet are conveyed, the entire region in the longitudinal direction is sequentially exposed to the collision pressure. The sheet supporting device also prevents solid particles from flowing around from both ends in the width direction of the transfer sheet and flowing between the transfer sheet and the base material. Then, the transfer sheet is pressed against the substrate to be transferred by the solid particle collision pressure, and the transfer sheet is also extended and deformed into the concave portion of the uneven surface of the transfer substrate, whereby the uneven surface of the transfer substrate is deformed. The transfer layer is formed following the shape, and the activated adhesive adheres the transfer layer to the substrate to be transferred. Then, the substrate to which the transfer sheet is in close contact with the transfer sheet is discharged from the chamber 33 and transported to the next second chamber 71.

On the other hand, some of the solid particles that have been subjected to the collision with the transfer sheet bypass the side surface of the sheet supporting device 22 and fall to the lower portion of the chamber 33. Further, after the remaining portion is transferred to the downstream side while being placed on the transfer sheet support, it enters the second chamber 71 which is separated from the chamber 33 only in the upper part of the substrate transfer device 10 by a separate chamber. Then, air is blown from the slit nozzle-shaped removing device (also cooling device) 70 onto the transfer sheet and the substrate to be transferred, and solid particles remaining on the transfer sheet are removed from the end of the transfer sheet into the second chamber. 71 Blow down. In addition, air at room temperature is used as air blown from the removing device 70, and the air is used as cold air to cool the substrate to be transferred and the transfer sheet to a temperature at which the support of the transfer sheet can be peeled off at the same time as the solid particles are removed. Let it. Therefore, the removing device also plays a role of a cooling device for the transfer sheet, the adhesive, the substrate to be transferred, and the like.

The solid particles collected in the lower part of the chamber are sucked from there by the drain tube 34 and collected in the original hopper 31. The air in the chamber for collecting and transporting the solid particles is also sucked by the drain tube 34 together with the solid particles, and is transported to the airflow and solid particle separation device 35 above the hopper.
In the separation device 35, as shown in the drawing, solid particles conveyed by a gas flow are discharged horizontally into the device cavity, and solid particles having a high density relative to the gas fall downward by their own weight, and the gas remains horizontal as it is. Then, the remaining solid particles that are going to move with the airflow are filtered by the filter, and then discharged out of the system by the vacuum pump 36. In this way, the solid particles
The transfer sheet and the substrate to be transferred are prevented from flowing out to the surroundings together with the air from the chamber entrance / exit opening.

Further, in order to prevent the solid particles from flowing out of the chamber system and to prevent the solid particles from flowing back from the chamber to the hopper, it is preferable that the pressure in the chamber be lower than that of the outside. The pressure adjustment of the chamber is performed by appropriately connecting the exhaust amount of the vacuum pump 36, the amount of gas entering the chamber from a removing device (also a cooling device) that blows out gas, and an exhaust fan (not shown). The amount of gas flowing out of the chamber due to the amount of exhaust, the amount of gas entering the chamber together with the solid particles from the ejector (particularly, in the case of an ejector such as an ejection nozzle using gas as a solid particle accelerating fluid), and a blower (FIG. (Not shown) is appropriately connected to the chamber to adjust the balance with the amount of gas to be put into the chamber (particularly, in the case of an ejector using an impeller).

Then, after the transferred substrate and the transfer sheet that have come into close contact with each other are solid-particle-removed and forcibly cooled by the removal device 70 and exit the second chamber 71, the transfer sheet (support) is removed.
The peeling roller 60 peels and removes from the substrate to be transferred. As a result, a transfer intermediate product D in which a decorative layer or the like is transferred and formed as a transfer layer of the transfer sheet on the uneven surface of the base material to be transferred is obtained. On the other hand, (the support of) the transfer sheet after passing through the peeling roller
Is wound around the sheet discharge device 23 as a discharge roll.

The above-mentioned sheet heating device 40, substrate heating device 41, substrate coating device 50, removing device (also cooling device)
70 and the like may be appropriately used as needed. In the case where an ejection nozzle using a liquid as a solid particle accelerating fluid is used as an ejector, a dryer is provided separately above or downstream of the cooling device, or also as the cooling device itself, for example, at room temperature or temperature. Blow air to dry or blow off the liquid to remove it.

[Others] Although the curved surface transfer method of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above description. For example, in the description of the curved surface transfer method using the apparatus in FIG. 10, the transfer sheet is pressed against the transfer base material by using a continuous belt-shaped transfer sheet and a single-sheet transfer base material, and integrally transferring the two. In the meantime, the solid particle impingement pressure was continuously applied by a fixed ejector, but the transfer sheet was pressed against the transfer substrate only by stopping the transfer sheet and the transfer substrate only at that time. It may be performed intermittently every time (for example, the ejector is moved to these). Also,
Both the substrate to be transferred and the transfer sheet may be supplied in the form of a single sheet. Further, the positional relationship between the ejection direction of the solid particles of the ejector and the transfer sheet and the substrate to be transferred is not limited to the positional relationship in which both are placed on a horizontal plane and the solid particles are ejected vertically downward from above. Even if the side of the transfer sheet support and the ejection direction maintain the vertical relationship, the placement or conveyance direction of the transfer sheet may be in a horizontal plane, in a slope, in a vertical plane (FIG. 5B), or the like. Further, even when the transfer sheet is in a horizontal plane, solid particles may be ejected from the support side to the lower side, that is, from the bottom to the upper side, and collide. of course,
Solid particles may be ejected at an angle to the transfer sheet support surface. Further, before applying the collision pressure, the transfer sheet may be preliminarily pressed against the transfer base material by the elastic roller.

[Firing] After the transfer, the decorative layer is baked at a predetermined temperature. The baking is 700 to 8 in the case of transfer to a glaze layer (so-called overpainting) in the case of ordinary ceramics.
In the case of glazing at about 00 ° C. after transfer and baking together with the glaze (a so-called underpainting), the temperature is generally about 1000 to 1300 ° C. In the case of so-called overprinting, in the case of transfer, as shown in FIG. 12A, a transfer layer 2 composed of a decorative layer or the like is formed on the glaze layer 1 after glazing and firing of the base material B to be transferred, and then transferred by firing. This is a method of baking a layer. On the other hand, in the so-called underpainting, as shown in FIG. 3B, after a transfer layer 2 composed of a decorative layer or the like is formed on an unglazed surface, a glaze layer 3 is formed thereon, and a glaze layer 3 is formed thereon. Is fired by firing. In addition, in the case of the undercoat, usually, only the resin component in the transfer layer or the like on the base material to be transferred (including the adhesive applied to the base material side to be transferred) is baked before the glaze. . This temperature is usually 400
６００600 ° C.

By the way, the first embodiment of the present invention corresponds to overprinting, and the third embodiment when applied to the second embodiment corresponds to underprinting. In addition, the first to the glazed transfer-receiving substrate
The third mode applied to the above mode is a mode of a combination of overprinting and underprinting, while the second mode is overprinting in a broad sense. Then, the glaze layer baked and glazed with an overcoat becomes a transparent protective layer for the transfer layer. These various forms are appropriately used depending on the use, design, required specifications and the like.

The glaze used for underlaying is usually Zn, Pb
System, Ba system, glass frit system and reduction system glaze are used. In particular, in the case of discoloration or fading of the color pigment in the transfer layer under the glaze or in the case of a solid pattern, in order to reduce the decrease in concealing property, Zn
Systems, glass frit systems, and mixed systems of Pb and Zn are preferred. The firing conditions for baking depend on the material used, but, for example, in the case of overprinting, specifically, for example, when the substrate to be transferred is glass, it is usually at about 300 to 600 ° C. for 15 to 20 minutes, In the case of enamel, usually around 800 ° C
３3 minutes, and in the case of porcelain, usually about 350-800 ° C. for 3-4 hours. In addition, the temperature is usually 80
0 ° C. or higher, especially 100 to improve the surface smoothness
The temperature is preferably 0 ° C. or higher, and the firing time is usually 0.5 to 1 hour.

[Use of the Cosmetic Material] The use of the cosmetic material obtained by the present invention can be applied to various uses such as a transferred surface having an uneven surface, particularly an article having an uneven surface such as a three-dimensional shape. For example, exterior walls such as siding, fences, roofs, gates,
It can be used for exterior use such as a gable plate, interior use of a building such as a wall surface or a floor, or other various uses. The decorative material is used as a decorative board or the like. The shape of the decorative material is flat,
A curved plate, a rod, a three-dimensional object, and the like are optional.

[0070]

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.

Example 1 First, a plan view of FIG. 11A and a plan view of FIG.
As shown in the enlarged perspective view of the main part of FIG. 1B, a groove-like concave portion 401 of a tile bonding joint having a depth of 1.5 mm and an opening width of 5 mm as a large pattern, and a flat convex portion 402 of two-dimensionally arranged tiles. And a tertiary pattern in which large irregularities and fine irregularities are superimposed, having fine irregularities 403 in a matte tone distribution having a depth of 0.1 to 0.5 mm on the flat convexities as fine irregularities. An unglazed porcelain plate having a maximum thickness of 6 mm having original surface irregularities was prepared. The transfer sheet S has a thickness of 1
One side of a polypropylene-based thermoplastic elastomer film obtained by mixing a hard segment composed of 00 μm isotactic polypropylene and a soft segment composed of atactic polypropylene at a weight ratio of 80:20, the irregularities as a decorative layer serving as a transfer layer. Only the joints whose positions were synchronized with the surface shape were designated as non-printed portions (extracted), and only the flat convex portions of the tiles were sequentially gravure-printed with a pattern consisting of a solid layer and a floral pattern. Acrylic resin is used as the binder resin of the picture ink, and blue pigments of (Co, Al, Zn, Si) -based oxides, yellow pigments of (Ti, Ba, Ni) -based oxides, F
e, Co, Zn) oxide brown pigment was used.

Next, in an apparatus as shown in FIG. 10, an ejector using an impeller as shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. It is placed on the substrate transporting device 10 comprising a row of transporting rollers and transported, and a heat-sensitive adhesive made of an acrylic resin is applied by the substrate coating device 50 at a rate of 30 g / m ^2. Thereafter, the adhesive and the substrate to be transferred were heated by the substrate heating device 41 and supplied to the collision pressure applying unit 30. On the other hand, the transfer sheet S is also positioned by the sheet feeding device 20 so that the joint side of the pattern and the joint-shaped groove-shaped concave portion of the transfer-receiving substrate are aligned (registered) with the support side thereof facing upward. It was supplied to the collision pressure application section. When the substrate B to be transferred entered the chamber 33 of the collision pressure applying section, the transfer sheet was brought close to the substrate to be transferred. And 1
Both ends in the width direction of the transfer sheet were sandwiched between the front and back sides by a pair of endless belt-shaped sheet support devices 22. In this state, preheating of the transfer sheet, activation of the adhesive, and heating of the substrate to be transferred were performed by the sheet heating device 40 using radiant heat from a heating wire heater from the support side of the transfer sheet. The surfaces of the transfer sheet and the substrate to be transferred were heated to 100 ° C.

Next, as the solid particles P, an average particle size of 0.4
A zinc ball having a spherical shape of mm was ejected from the ejector 32 to collide with the support side of the transfer sheet, and the transfer sheet was pressed against the substrate to be transferred. The number of revolutions of the impeller impeller is 3600
[Rpm], the ejection speed of the solid particles was 35 [m / s]. Then, the transfer sheet is extended into the concave portion of the joint and heat-fused. Then, in the second chamber 71 provided downstream from the chamber 33, cool air is removed by the removing device (cum cooling device) 70. After spraying and cooling the adhesive to cool it to the bonding temperature or less, solid particles remaining on the transfer sheet are dropped from the end of the transfer sheet toward the lower part of the chamber, and are removed. 60
To obtain a transfer intermediate product D. In the transfer intermediate product, the pattern was transferred following fine irregularities on the surface of the flat convex portion.
Next, the transfer intermediate product D is heated at 600 ° C. for 10 minutes,
Only the binder in the transfer layer was fired. Further, on the surface of the transfer layer of the transfer intermediate product D, a lead oxide-based glaze was applied in an amount of 160 g / m ² when dried, and then baked at 1070 ° C. for 1 hour and baked, followed by cooling to room temperature. Then, a transparent protective layer was formed to obtain a decorative material having a transparent protective layer.

Embodiment 2 First, a plan view of FIG. 11A and a plan view of FIG.
As shown in the enlarged perspective view of the main part of FIG. 1B, a groove-like concave portion 401 of a tile bonding joint having a depth of 1.5 mm and an opening width of 5 mm as a large pattern, and a flat convex portion 402 of two-dimensionally arranged tiles. And a tertiary pattern in which large irregularities and fine irregularities are superimposed, having fine irregularities 403 in a matte tone distribution having a depth of 0.1 to 0.5 mm on the flat convexities as fine irregularities. A glazed (post-baked) porcelain plate (glazed and baked) having a maximum thickness of 6 mm having original surface irregularities was prepared.
The glaze used was a matte glaze of a mixture of zinc oxide and lead oxide. The transfer sheet S is provided on one side of a polypropylene-based thermoplastic elastomer film made of a 100-μm-thick propylene-ethylene-butene copolymer (propylene 90% by weight) as a decorative layer serving as a transfer layer. Only the joints whose shapes and positions were synchronized were used as non-printing portions (cutouts), and only the flat convex portions of the tiles were sequentially gravure-printed with a pattern consisting of a solid layer and a marble marble pattern. Acrylic resin is used as the resin for the binder of the picture ink, and (Co, Al,
Blue pigment of Zn, Si) oxide, (Ti, Ba, N)
i) A yellow pigment of an oxide and a brown pigment of an (Fe, Co, Zn) oxide were used.

Next, in an apparatus as shown in FIG. 10, an ejector using an impeller as shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. With the glaze layer side facing upward, it is placed and transported on the substrate transporting device 10 composed of a row of transporting rollers, and the substrate coating device 50 applies a heat-sensitive adhesive made of a rosin-based resin at 30 g / m2. ^{(2) After the} melt coating, the adhesive and the substrate to be transferred were heated to 95 ° C. by the substrate heating device 41 and supplied to the collision pressure applying unit 30. On the other hand, the transfer sheet S is also positioned by the sheet feeding device 20 so that the joint side of the pattern and the joint-shaped groove-shaped concave portion of the transfer-receiving substrate are aligned (registered) with the support side thereof facing upward. It was supplied to the collision pressure application section. The substrate B to be transferred is the chamber 33 of the collision pressure applying unit.
When it entered, the transfer sheet was brought close to the transfer-receiving substrate. Then, both ends in the width direction of the transfer sheet were sandwiched between the front and back sides by a pair of endless belt-shaped sheet support devices 22. In this state, preheating of the transfer sheet, activation of the adhesive, and heating of the substrate to be transferred were performed by the sheet heating device 40 using radiant heat from a heating wire heater from the support side of the transfer sheet.

Next, the solid particles P have an average particle size of 0.4
A zinc ball having a spherical shape of mm was ejected from the ejector 32 to collide with the support side of the transfer sheet, and the transfer sheet was pressed against the substrate to be transferred. The number of revolutions of the impeller impeller is 3600
[Rpm], the ejection speed of the solid particles was 35 [m / s]. Then, the transfer sheet is extended into the concave portion of the joint and heat-fused. Then, in the second chamber 71 provided downstream from the chamber 33, cool air is removed by the removing device (cum cooling device) 70. After spraying and cooling the adhesive to cool it to the bonding temperature or less, solid particles remaining on the transfer sheet are dropped from the end of the transfer sheet toward the lower part of the chamber, and are removed. 60
To obtain a transfer intermediate product D. In the transfer intermediate product, the pattern was transferred following fine irregularities on the surface of the flat convex portion.
Next, the transfer intermediate product D is heated at 600 ° C. for 10 minutes,
Only the binder in the transfer layer was fired. And 8 more
By baking at 00 ° C. for 3 hours, the pigment was baked on the glaze layer to obtain a decorative material.

[0077]

According to the present invention, a decorative material made of ceramics having a large three-dimensional uneven surface decorated can be easily obtained. The surface shape of the transferred product can be, of course, three-dimensional irregularities such as tiled with joint grooves or brick unevenness, and the overall (envelope) shape of the surface is not limited to flat plate materials. It can be easily obtained even if it has a wavy shape as a whole like a roof tile, or a convex or concavely curved shape. In addition, it is possible to transfer on the convex portion of the large irregular surface and also inside the concave portion (the bottom portion or the side surface which is the connecting portion between the convex portion and the bottom portion). Also,
On the convex part of large irregularities, a finer irregular pattern (for example,
Even if there is a hairline, satin finish, etc., it is possible to decorate by transfer even in the concave portion of the fine unevenness. Further, unlike the conventional rubber roller pressing method, there is no wear of parts such as the roller due to the concave and convex portions of the substrate to be transferred. As a result, the decorative material made of conventionally without very design excellent in ceramics can be obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram (front view) illustrating one embodiment of an ejector using an impeller.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an impeller part of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram illustrating the inside of the impeller of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram for adjusting the ejection direction with an impeller.

5A and 5B are conceptual diagrams illustrating another embodiment of an ejector using an impeller, wherein FIG. 5A is a front view and FIG. 5B is a side view.

FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an embodiment of an ejector using an ejection nozzle.

FIG. 7 is a plan view showing various arrangement forms of the ejector. (A) is an arrangement arranged in a houndstooth check pattern, (B) is an arrangement in which the central portion is located on the upstream side, and is shifted toward the downstream side toward both ends.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory view in which a collision pressure is provided with a width distribution.

FIG. 9 is a side view showing one form of the direction of the ejector viewed from the flow direction.

10A and 10B are conceptual diagrams of an example of a curved surface transfer device capable of performing the curved surface transfer method of the present invention, wherein FIG. 10A is a diagram viewed from a side in a substrate transport direction, and FIG. The schematic apparatus figure which looked at the ejection part from the substrate conveyance direction.

FIGS. 11A and 11B are explanatory views showing an example of three-dimensional surface irregularities of a transfer-receiving base material, wherein FIG. 11A is a plan view and FIG.

FIGS. 12A and 12B are conceptual diagrams illustrating a form with overpainting and underpainting, wherein FIG. 12A shows a so-called overpainting, and FIG. 12B shows a so-called underpainting.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Glaze layer (baked) 2 Transfer layer 3 Transparent protective layer (glaze layer) 10 Substrate conveying device 20 Sheet feeding device 21 Sheet sending device 22 Sheet supporting device 23 Sheet discharging device 30 Impact pressure applying unit 31 Hopper 32 Spouting device 33 Chamber 34 Drain tube 35 Separation device 36 Vacuum pump 40 Sheet heating device 41 Substrate heating device 50 Substrate coating device 60 Peeling roller 70 Removing device (also cooling device) 71 Second chamber 90 Suction and exhaust device 91 Suction and exhaust nozzle 92 Vacuum Pump 401 Groove-shaped concave portion 402 Flat convex portion 403 Fine irregularities 812, 812a Impeller 813, 813a Blade 814, 814a Side plate 815 Hollow portion 816 Direction controller 817 Opening 818 Sprayer 819, 819a Rotating shaft 820 Bearing 840 Blowing nozzle Spouter used 841 Induction room 842 Inside Zur 843 nozzle openings 844 nozzles B the transfer substrate D transfer intermediate product F fluid P solid particles S transfer sheet

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code FI // B29L 9:00

Claims (3)

[Claims] Claims: 1. A transfer sheet comprising a support and a transfer layer is made to follow a surface of a transfer substrate having a concave and convex surface which is fired after glazing on a ceramic, and the transfer layer is transferred.
Then, the method is a method for manufacturing a decorative material in which the transfer layer is baked and baked. As a transfer method, the transfer layer side of the transfer sheet is opposed to the uneven surface side of the base material to be transferred, and a solid is formed on the support side of the transfer sheet The particles are made to collide, and the pressure of the collision is used to press the transfer sheet against the uneven surface of the substrate to be transferred, and after the transfer layer is adhered to the substrate to be transferred, the support of the transfer sheet is peeled off. A method for producing a decorative material, wherein a transfer layer is transferred to a substrate to be transferred, using a curved surface transfer method utilizing solid particle collision pressure. 2. A transfer sheet comprising a support and a transfer layer is made to follow a surface of a transfer substrate having an uneven surface made of unglazed ceramics, and the transfer layer is transferred, followed by firing. A method of manufacturing a decorative material for baking a transfer layer, wherein as a transfer method, the transfer layer side of the transfer sheet is opposed to the uneven surface side of the base material to be transferred, and solid particles collide with the support side of the transfer sheet, Utilizing the collision pressure, the transfer sheet is pressed against the uneven surface of the substrate to be transferred, and after the transfer layer adheres to the substrate to be transferred, the support of the transfer sheet is peeled off to remove the transfer layer. A method for producing a decorative material, which uses a curved surface transfer method using solid particle collision pressure to transfer to a transfer-receiving substrate. 3. After the transfer of the transfer layer, only the resin component in the transfer layer or the like on the substrate to be transferred is baked, further glazed and baked, and the glaze layer is baked together with the transfer layer to make the glaze layer a transparent protective layer. And
A method for producing a decorative material according to claim 1.