JPH11257406A - Railway vehicle damper - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Problem] To provide a railway vehicle damper having a simple structure, excellent vibration damping performance, and good maintenance. SOLUTION: One end of a cylinder 1 is closed by an end plate having a joint 12. The piston 2 accommodated in the cylinder 1 has a liquid passage 8 formed on the outer peripheral surface thereof, which is connected to the left chamber and the right chamber of the cylinder. The piston 2 is provided so as to move in the cylinder by a rod 3 extending to the opposite side to the end plate. At the other open end of the cylinder 1, a damping plate 4 that fits with a gap 10 to the rod 3 is attached. A joint 11 is provided at the outer end of the rod 3. The bellows 5 connects the position near the joint 11 and the open end of the cylinder 1 provided with the damping plate 4 in a watertight manner. The left chamber 35, the right chamber 36, and the bellows 37 of the cylinder are filled with a highly viscous liquid.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an improvement in a railway vehicle damper used for reducing vibrations generated in a railway vehicle.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Vibrations generated in railway vehicles are divided into oscillating components and chattering vibration components according to the vibration frequency.
It is classified into upper and lower linear vibrations and pitching, rolling and yawing rotational vibrations. To reduce these vibrations and improve ride comfort, for example, a shaft damper is installed between the bogie frame and the axle box, and a horizontal damper and a vertical Various dampers are used. The most commonly used dampers have a structure that resists elongation and contraction movements, and many use oil dampers that use oil fluid resistance.

FIGS. 6 and 7 show examples of conventionally used oil dampers. The cylinder is composed of an outer cylinder 16 and an inner cylinder 17 concentrically combined, and a bottom plate 3 provided with a joint 32.
A bottom plate check valve 30 that closes one end of the outer cylinder 16 and opens to the right chamber 27 side of the inner cylinder 17 is provided inside the bottom plate 31 at 1.
A piston 18 supported by a rod 19 extending on the opposite side to the bottom plate 31 is fitted in the inner cylinder 17.

The end of the inner cylinder 17 on the left chamber 26 side is closed by a stopper 24 and an end plate 25 which communicate with the left chamber 26 and have a liquid passage 20 provided with a pressure regulating valve 21 on the way. The plug 2
A rod 19 is passed through the center hole of 4 and the end plate 25,
A joint 33 is provided at the outer end of the rod 19. The piston 18 is provided with a liquid passage 34 having a piston check valve 28 communicating with the right chamber 27 and the left chamber 26 and opening to the left chamber 26 side.

A liquid passage 22 connecting the outlet of the liquid passage 20 of the plug 24 and the bottom plate check valve 30 is provided in a space between the outer cylinder 16 and the inner cylinder 17. This liquid passage 2
A hole 29 is formed in the middle of 2 so that the space is used as the oil sump 23. In addition,
O-rings for preventing oil leakage are interposed between the contact surface between the inner cylinder 17 and the piston 18 and between the plug 24 and the end plate 25 and the rod 19.

When the damper moves in the contracting direction due to the generation of vibration, the piston 18 moves in the direction to narrow the right chamber 27 side as shown in FIG. Stops moving.

Meanwhile, as the bottom plate check valve 30 closes, the piston check valve 28 opens, and as the fluid pressure in the right chamber 27 increases, a part of the pressurized fluid enters the left chamber 26 through the liquid passage 34 and The oil flows out of the hole 29 of the liquid passage 22 to the oil reservoir 23 through the passage 20 and the pressure regulating valve 21.

On the other hand, when the damper moves in the extending direction, the piston 18 moves in the direction to narrow the left chamber 26 side as shown in FIG. The movement stops.

Meanwhile, as the bottom plate check valve 30 opens, the piston check valve 28 closes, and as the liquid pressure in the left chamber 26 increases, a part of the pressurized fluid passes through the liquid passage 20 and the pressure regulating valve 21 to the liquid passage 22. Flow, oil reservoir 23 to hole 29
And flows into the right chamber 27 from the bottom plate check valve 30.

[0010]

As described above, the conventional oil damper has a complicated structure in which many components are assembled. An O-ring is used for the contact surface between the piston and the cylinder and the contact surface between the end plate and the piston rod. Therefore, the assembling work is complicated, and much maintenance is required.

An object of the present invention is to provide a railway vehicle damper which has a simple structure, has excellent vibration damping performance, and has good maintainability, except for the above-mentioned disadvantages of the conventional oil damper. .

[0012]

To achieve the above object, a railway vehicle damper according to the present invention is configured as follows. The cylinder is closed at one end by an end plate having a joint. The piston accommodated in the cylinder has a liquid passage formed on the outer peripheral surface thereof, which is connected to the left chamber and the right chamber of the cylinder. The piston is provided to move in the cylinder by a rod extending to the opposite side to the end plate. At the other open end of the cylinder is mounted a damping plate which fits with a clearance to the rod. A joint is provided at the outer end of the rod. A watertight connection is made between the position near the joint and the open end of the cylinder provided with the damping plate by a rosette. The left and right chambers of the cylinder and the bellows are filled with a highly viscous liquid.

[0013]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS With the above arrangement, a high-viscosity liquid fills the left chamber, the right chamber, and the bellows of a cylinder, respectively. And when the cylinder expands and contracts due to vibration,
That is, when the piston moves left and right, the highly viscous liquid in the left and right chambers moves through the liquid passage of the piston. At this time, the movement of the piston is attenuated by the fluid resistance of the highly viscous liquid.

When the piston moves as described above, the bellows expand and contract. Therefore, the high-viscosity liquid in the right chamber of the cylinder and the high-viscosity liquid in the bellows are stirred through the clearance of the damping plate. Due to the fluid resistance when passing through the clearance of the damping plate, the damping performance against vibration is further improved. As a result of an experiment, it was found that the clearance of the damping plate was desirably 3 mm or less.

The shape of the bellows need not be limited to a special shape. As an example, FIG. 1 shows a case where the open end of the cylinder 1 and the outer end of the rod 3 are joined by a cone-shaped bellows 5. In FIG. 3, an end plate 14 having the same diameter as the outer shape of the cylinder 1 is provided near the outer end of the rod 3.
4 shows a case where the entirety between the cylinder 4 and the open end of the cylinder 1 is joined by a bellows 15 having the same diameter. In addition, as long as the roses can be stretched without changing the original shape, any material can be used. Furthermore, in order to reinforce the whole rose,
Sometimes a wire is used at the bend of the bellows. In the case of FIG. 1 where there is no end plate near the outer end of the rod 3,
It is desirable to provide a step 7 on the rod 3 to push and move the highly viscous liquid in the bellows.

As the highly viscous liquid to be filled in the cylinder, any liquid having high viscosity and low temperature dependency can be used. For example, silicone oil, polyisobutylene oil, polypropylene oil and the like are used.

[0017]

Embodiment 1 An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The cylinder 1 is closed at one end by an end plate 6 having a joint 12. The piston 2 accommodated in the cylinder 1 has a liquid passage 8 formed on the outer peripheral surface thereof, which is connected to the left chamber 35 and the right chamber 36 of the cylinder. The piston 2 is attached to the inner end of the rod 3 extending to the opposite side to the end plate 6 so as to move in the cylinder.

At the other open end of the cylinder 1, a rod 3
On the other hand, a damping plate 4 that fits with a gap 10 is attached. A joint 11 is provided at the outer end of the rod 3,
In addition, a cone-shaped bulge is provided inside the joint 11 to form a stepped portion 7.
To form A watertight connection is made between the position near the joint 11 and the open end of the cylinder 1 provided with the damping plate 4 by a cone-shaped bellows 5. And the left chamber 3 of the cylinder 1
5, the right chamber 36 and the bellows 37 are filled with, for example, silicone oil as a highly viscous liquid. The outer surface of the bellows 5 is covered with a dustproof cover 13 supported near the outer end of the rod 3.
It is desirable to protect with.

As shown in FIG. 4A, the liquid passage 8 of the piston 2 is formed with a small gap between the entire peripheral surface of the piston and the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder, or as shown in FIG. 4B. As described above, various shapes of passages can be used, such as providing a plurality of axial grooves 9 on the peripheral surface of the piston. In addition,
If a minute gap is provided on the entire peripheral surface of the piston, a part of the outer peripheral surface of the piston may come into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder when the piston moves. Does not hinder the distribution of

When the piston 2 moves to the left chamber 35 side, the step 7 stirs the highly viscous liquid in the bellows 5 and the gap 10
To the right chamber 36 side, and effectively works to improve the damping effect on vibration.

FIG. 1 shows, for example, a joint 1 on a bracket (not shown) provided on the bottom surface of a vehicle body and a side beam of a bogie frame.
This shows a case where the piston 2 moves in the direction of the arrow due to the generation of vibration in the use state in which 1, 2 are attached. In this state, the right chamber 36 of the cylinder 1 and the bellows 5 are both narrowed, and the highly viscous liquid in the bellows 5 is pushed by the right end (the right chamber 36 side) of the piston 2 and the stepped portion 7 to partially open the gap 10. The high-viscosity liquid in the right chamber 36 of the street cylinder is agitated, and the high-viscosity liquid in the right chamber 36 has a higher liquid pressure than the high-viscosity liquid in the left chamber 35 in which the room is enlarged. As a result, the movement of the piston 2 becomes dull, and the vibration is attenuated. In addition, the right room 3 where the pressure increased during that time
A part of the highly viscous liquid in 6 flows from the liquid passage 8 into the left chamber 35 in which the pressure is reduced.

FIG. 2 shows a case where the piston 2 moves in a direction opposite to the above. In this state, the right chamber 3 of the cylinder 1
6 and 5 are both enlarged, while the left ventricle 35 becomes small. Therefore, a part of the high-viscosity liquid having an increased pressure in the left chamber 35 flows from the liquid passage 8 into the right chamber 36 whose pressure has decreased.

Embodiment 2 FIG. 3 shows an embodiment in which the cone-shaped bellows 5 in the damper of Embodiment 1 is changed. The basic configuration is the same as that of FIG. Inner end is piston 2
An end plate 14 having the same diameter as the outer shape of the cylinder 1 is provided near the outer end of the rod 3 provided with a joint 11 at the outer end thereof. The entire space was joined with a rose 15 having the same diameter.

In this damper, when the piston 2 moves toward the left chamber 35 of the cylinder 1, the pressure of the highly viscous liquid in the left chamber 35 increases. Part of the highly viscous liquid flows through the liquid passage 8 into the right chamber 36 in which the interior of the chamber expands and the fluid pressure decreases. On the other hand, the bellows 15 contracts due to the movement of the end plate 14.
At this time, the highly viscous liquid in the bellows 15 is pushed by the end plate 14 and a part thereof flows into the right chamber 36 through the gap 10 of the damping plate 4. The movement of the highly viscous liquid through the gap 10 of the damping plate 4 further increases the damping force.

The damper of FIG. 1 is used for controlling the lateral acceleration of a railway vehicle, and the relationship between the vibration frequency and the damping coefficient at the time of fine movement of the piston is determined by the displacement of ± 0.5 mm and ± 1.0 m.
m, ± 2.0 mm. The result is shown in FIG.

[0026]

According to the embodiment of the present invention, one oil chamber of the cylinder communicates with the bellows chamber through the damping plate, and when the piston moves, the liquid in the oil chamber and the bellows chamber is separated from the damping plate by the clearance. Since the gas is circulated and stirred, the damping force against vibration can be improved. Further, since the damper has a simple configuration without using any consumable parts such as a valve such as a pressure regulating valve or an O-ring, the assembly work and maintenance of the device can be facilitated.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view when a damper according to an embodiment of the present invention moves in a contracting direction.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view when the damper according to one embodiment of the present invention moves in the extending direction.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a part of a damper on a side where a bellows 15 is provided in another embodiment of the present invention.

4A and 4B are explanatory diagrams illustrating an example of a liquid passage provided around a piston in a damper of the present invention. FIG. 4A illustrates a case where a liquid passage 8 is formed in a gap over the entire surface, and FIG. This is the case where the groove 9 is formed.

FIG. 5 is a graph showing a relationship between a vibration frequency and a damping coefficient at the time of fine movement of a piston when a damper according to an embodiment of the present invention is used for controlling a lateral vibration acceleration of a railway vehicle.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an example of a conventionally used railway vehicle damper when the damper moves in a direction in which the damper extends.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of an example of a conventionally used railway vehicle damper when the damper moves in a contracting direction.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cylinder 2 Piston 3 Rod 4 Damping plate 5, 15 Rosette 6 End plate 7 Step 8 Liquid passage 9 Groove 10 Gap 11, 12 Joint 13 Dustproof cover 14 End plate 16 Outer cylinder 17 Inner cylinder 18 Piston 19 Rod 20, 22 Liquid Passage 21 Pressure regulating valve 23 Oil reservoir 24 Plug 25 End plate 26 Left chamber 27 Right chamber 28 Piston check valve 29 Hole 30 Bottom plate check valve 31 Bottom plate 32, 33 Joint 34 Liquid passage 35 Left chamber 36 Right chamber 37

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor: Shigeo Sugawara 5-1-1109, Shimaya, Konohana-ku, Osaka-shi 3-105 Sugaya Fukukoku Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Mitsuo Kuzukawa 3-105 Sugaya, Ageo-shi, Saitama Pref.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A cylinder is closed at one end by an end plate having a joint, and a plurality of liquid passages connected to a left chamber and a right chamber of the cylinder are provided on an outer peripheral surface of a piston combined in the cylinder. The inner end side of the rod with a joint at the outer end is inserted into the cylinder from the open end of the cylinder, the rod end is attached to the piston, and a damping plate that fits with a clearance to the rod is located near the open end of the cylinder. attachment,
A railcar damper in which the open end of the cylinder and the position near the joint of the rod are connected in a watertight manner by a stretchable rosette, and the left and right chambers of the cylinder and the rosette are filled with a highly viscous liquid.