JPH11262309A - Manure spreader - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] (Modifications required) [Problem] A fertilizer application device of a broadcaster type fertilizer spraying device that spouts fertilizer fed from a fertilizer hopper by a centrifugal force with a spinner and sprays the fertilizer from a sprinkling port in an orchard in a mountainous area. In order to facilitate use, it is possible to switch between left and right one-side spraying and left and right simultaneous double-side spraying. SOLUTION: A broadcaster-type fertilizer spraying device is provided.
Spray ports are formed on the left and right sides of the casing, respectively, and they are mounted on a freely movable body, and the hopper bottom plate has
A right-side spraying outlet and a left-side spraying outlet are opened in a pair on the left and right, and a switching shutter that rotates about the rotation axis of the spinner is provided on the lower surface side of the hopper bottom plate. The left and right communication ports respectively corresponding to the left and right outlets are formed in a long hole shape along an imaginary arc centered on the rotation axis, and are respectively formed at portions deviated to the front and rear half sides of the shutter plate.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fertilizer spreader mainly used for fertilizing work in orchards in mountainous areas.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In orchards in mountainous areas, the mechanization of agricultural work has been delayed due to the working conditions. In recent years, with the spread of SS (speed sprayer), SS roads for running the SS have been developed in mountainous areas. Since the use of this SS road has made it possible to introduce other agricultural machinery, fertilizer application in the orchard in mountainous areas, which had been done manually, has been carried out. Mechanization and labor saving using machines have become possible.

[0003] The fertilizer spreader A, which can be introduced by using the SS road formed on the slope of the mountain, has a fertilizer spreader,
A towed type that spreads fertilizer while running by connecting and pulling to a tractor such as a tractor, mounting a fertilizer spraying device on the truck bed and spraying fertilizer from the fertilizer spraying device while running the truck There are a number of mounted types and a self-propelled type in which a fertilizer dispersing device is mounted on a self-propelled body and the fertilizer is sprayed while the self-propelled body runs.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the fertilizer disperser A feeds a granular, sandy, or powdery fertilizer fed from a feed hole at the bottom of a fertilizer hopper 1 to a spinner 2 which rotates. The so-called blow and caster, which receives the fertilizer on the upper surface and discharges the fertilizer to the rear of the fuselage by centrifugal force by a rotation of the spinner 2 with a spraying width of about 10 meters in a fuselage advancing direction and sprays the fertilizer, As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the rotation of the feed auger 3 provided at the lower part of the fertilizer hopper 1 causes the fertilizer to drop from the feed hole formed in the bottom plate of the fertilizer hopper 1 and to be spread with a scatter width corresponding to the width of the machine body. There is a form called a lime sawer type that is sprayed.

[0005]

When the fertilizer spreader A is run on the SS road formed in the orchard in the mountainous area and the fertilizer is sprayed from the SS road, the fertilizer is applied to the side of the SS road W as shown in FIG. And the spraying direction must be on the side facing the valley. If the spraying direction is toward the mountain, the fertilizer to be sprayed will collide with the wall of the cliff formed on the mountain side when cutting and widening the SS road W, making it impossible to fertilize the fruit trees. is there.

[0006] The fertilizer spreader A used in the lime sawer type fertilizer is dropped from the feeding outlet and is spread over the width of the body, so that the fertilizer must be sprayed only on the SS road W. Therefore, it is not applicable to the fertilizer spraying operation performed using the SS road W.

On the other hand, in the case of the broadcaster type, since the fertilizer is sprayed behind the fuselage in a fan shape in plan view, most of the fertilizer is applied to the SS road as shown in FIG. Spraying on W results in poor efficiency and waste of fertilizer, which in turn leads to environmental pollution.

[0008] This broadcaster type fertilizer spreader A
The fertilizer sprayer to be mounted and mounted on the fuselage shall be spread horizontally with respect to the fuselage so that the direction of spraying the fertilizer from the spraying port of the fertilizer sprayer may be directed to the side of the fuselage. , Side spraying from the SS road W becomes possible.

However, in this case, since only one side can be scattered with respect to the traveling direction of the aircraft, when the SS road W is meandering, as shown in FIGS. When the direction of application is reversed to the direction and the application direction is directed toward the mountain, application becomes impossible. Also,
Even if the SS road W is constructed so as to be continuous in a certain direction, there is a problem that the reciprocating work on the SS road W cannot be performed because the spraying direction is changed between the mountain side and the valley side on the outward route and the return route. Come out.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problem that occurs when a fertilizer spreader is run on the SS road to perform fertilizer application work on fruit trees in an orchard in a mountainous area. This is a broadcaster-type fertilizer spraying device that sprinkles fertilizer fed from a fertilizer hopper with a centrifugal force by a spinner and sprays it from a spraying port. To be mounted on the fuselage in a form equipped on both sides, so that fertilizer can be sprayed from the left and right spray ports by selecting one of the spray ports as desired. As shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 10, it is possible to perform lateral spraying from the meandering SS road W, and FIG.
1, while not disturbing the flow of fertilizer fed out from the fertilizer hopper to the spinner while distributing as shown in FIG. It is an object of the present invention to provide a new means for making it possible to perform the switching of

[0011]

According to the present invention, as a means for achieving the above-mentioned object, fertilizer in a hopper fed from a feed port opened in the hopper bottom plate is disposed below the hopper bottom plate. A fertilizer spraying device which is sprinkled by a spinner to be provided and sprayed from a spraying port provided in a casing surrounding the spinner, is mounted on an airframe which is capable of running freely by forming spraying ports on both the left and right sides of the casing, On the hopper bottom plate, a right-side spraying outlet and a left-side spraying outlet are opened in a pair on the left and right, and a switching shutter that rotates about the rotation axis of the spinner is provided on the lower surface side of the hopper bottom plate, In the shutter plate, left and right communication ports respectively corresponding to the left and right outlets are formed in an elongated hole shape along an imaginary arc centered on the rotation axis. It is intended to raise the manure spreader, characterized in that opened each site biased to half side of the front and rear over and.

[0012]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION A fertilizer spreader according to the present invention comprises:
A spreadcaster-type fertilizer sprayer is mounted on a body configured in each mode of a towed type that is connected and towed by a tractor, a self-propelled type that travels by itself, or a mounted type that is mounted on a truck bed, and a fertilizer hopper. The fertilizer spraying port which is fed out from the feeding port and spun out by the spinner is mounted on each of the left and right sides in the traveling direction of the aircraft.

[0013] The fertilizer feeding port provided on the bottom plate of the fertilizer hopper is divided into a right-side spraying port and a left-side spraying port, and a rotating shaft of a spinner disposed below the fertilizer hopper. The left and right sides of the fertilizer hopper are arranged symmetrically with respect to the axis center line, and are respectively opened on the bottom plate of the fertilizer hopper.

The switching shutters disposed on the lower surface side of the pair of outlets on the left and right are formed in a disk-shaped shutter plate that freely rotates about the rotation axis of the spinner described above. A communication port corresponding to each of the pair of outlets on the left and right sides is formed in a slot on the front half side of the body of the plate in the advancement of the fuselage, and each of the communication holes is formed in a slot shape along the rotation direction of the plate, An operation lever for performing a rotation operation around the rotation axis is provided, and the rotation by the lever opens a right-side spraying outlet opened on the left side of the bottom plate of the fertilizer hopper, and at the same time, A state where the left sprinkling outlet opened on the right side of the bottom plate is closed and fertilizer is sprayed to the right side, and conversely, a left sprinkling outlet opened on the right side of the bottom plate of the fertilizer hopper. Open and at the same time The spout for the right side spraying, which is opened on the left side of the plate, is closed, and the fertilizer is sprayed to the left side. Are sequentially switched to a state in which both of the feeding outlets are opened and the fertilizer is sprayed on the left and right sides, and a state in which both are closed to stop spreading the fertilizer.

The amount of fertilizer to be fed out from the outlet can be adjusted by adjusting the amount of rotation of the switching shutter, but between the switching shutter and the bottom plate of the fertilizer hopper, the bottom of the fertilizer hopper is installed. The opening degree adjustment plate having a pair of left and right adjustment ports that overlap with the right-side spraying outlet and the left-side spraying outlet, respectively, is freely rotated about the rotation axis of the spinner. In some cases, the amount of fertilizer to be fed is adjusted by rotating the opening degree adjusting plate.

Thus, a spinner and a casing surrounding the spinner are provided below the feeding port formed in the bottom plate of the fertilizer hopper, and a right-side spraying port and a left-side spraying port are provided on both left and right sides of the casing. Sprinklers are installed.

A shutter is provided at each of the spraying ports so as to be openable and closable, and a deflector for guiding the discharge direction of the fertilizer discharged from the spraying port upward or downward can be adjusted freely in the vertical inclination angle. It should be installed.

[0018]

Next, an embodiment will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, the same reference numerals are used for components having the same effects as those of the conventional means.

FIG. 12 is a side view of a self-propelled fertilizer spreader A according to the present invention. In FIG. 12, a is a self-propelled body, and b is a body mounted and mounted on the body a. 1 shows a broadcast-type fertilizer application device.

The body a is a transport vehicle that travels by a crawler c driven by the operation of the engine E1 and loads and transports a load on a bed d provided on the body a. It is configured to be a walking type performed by the driver while standing behind the body a (right side in the figure). Aircraft a is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3, a truck is used and its carrier d
There is a case where the fertilizer application device b is mounted thereon.

As shown in FIG. 14, the fertilizer spraying device b comprises a base body frame 4, a driving mechanism of an engine E2 and a transmission M mounted and mounted on an upper surface thereof, a casing 5, a hopper 6, and the like. In the casing 5, a disk-shaped spinner 2 is disposed as shown in FIG. 15 on a rotation shaft S provided upright on the upper surface of the mission M.

The hopper 6 supports a hopper bottom plate 60 on an assembling machine frame 40 provided on the machine body frame 4, and a funnel-shaped hopper 6 is formed in a circular recess 61 formed in the hopper bottom plate 60. It is mounted on the body frame 4 by fitting and fixing the fitting part 6a at the lower end of the body.

The hopper bottom plate 60 has a through hole 62 at the center of the recess 61 as shown in FIG. 19, and the upper end of the rotating shaft S which stands upright from the mission M is rotatable. (FIG. 16).

Further, on both left and right sides of the through hole 62 of the circular concave portion 61, two fertilizer outlets 63 and 64 are arranged so as to be symmetrical left and right. The outlets 63 on the left side are for right-side spraying, and the outlets 64 on the right side are for left-side spraying.

In FIG. 19, reference numeral 7 denotes the hopper bottom plate 6;
An opening adjusting plate disposed on the lower surface side of the hopper bottom plate 60 is formed in a disc shape overlapping the lower surface of the hopper bottom plate 60, and the center portion thereof is rotatably fitted to the above-described rotation shaft S. The through hole 70 is opened, and on both left and right portions of the through hole 70,
Discharge outlet 63 for right-side spraying provided on hopper bottom plate 60
The control ports 71 and 72 that overlap with the outlet port 64 for spraying on the left side and the left side are provided so as to be symmetrically paired on the left and right.

The above-mentioned through hole 70 is fitted to the rotating shaft S of the spinner 2, and the opening adjusting plate 7 is moved to the rotating shaft S by operating a lever 73 integrally or integrally provided on the periphery. By rotating by a desired angle to the center, the respective opening degrees of the feeding outlets 63 and 64 opened in the hopper bottom plate 60 are adjusted.

In FIG. 19, reference numeral 8 denotes a hopper bottom plate 60.
A switching shutter that switches between a state in which only the outlet 63 for right-side spraying is opened and a state in which only the outlet 64 for left-side spraying is opened, The main part of the shutter plate 8a is formed on a shutter plate 8a that overlaps the lower surface of the hopper bottom plate 60. The shutter plate 8a has a semicircular shape on one side, and the other side on the left and right sides has a front end side and a rear end side. It is formed in a shape having angular projections 80 and 81. A through hole 82 is formed at the center of the hole so as to be rotatably fitted to the rotation shaft S, and the left and right sides thereof correspond to the outlets 63 and 64 formed in the hopper bottom plate 60. Communication ports 83 and 84 are opened, but the communication ports 83 and 84
Is the shutter plate 8 as shown in FIG.
On the first half side of a, each is formed in an arc-shaped long hole along an imaginary arc centered on the rotation axis S, and the second half side of the shutter plate 8a is a blind plate.

By rotating the operation lever 85 provided on the semicircular side of the shutter plate 8a by a predetermined angle around the rotation axis S, as shown in FIG. The right-side spraying state in which the feeding outlet 63 is opened to close the left-side spraying outlet 64, and the left-side spreading outlet 64 is opened and the right-side spraying outlet 63 is closed as shown in FIG. The left spraying state is switched to the right spraying state, as shown in FIG. 22, and the right side spraying outlet 63 and the left side spraying outlet 64 are both opened to spray the left and right sides as shown in FIG.

The casing 5 for storing the spinner 2 is
A spray box 5 formed in a flat box shape and having fertilizer spouted from the spinner 2 at both left and right ends thereof.
23, which is divided into a right half 5a having a right spray port 50 and a left half 5b having a left spray port 51, as shown in FIG. And a locking member 5 comprising an engaging hole 52 and a locking piece 53.
4, an engaging ring 55, a hook 56 engaged with the engaging ring 55, and a tightening lock 58 for moving the hook 56 to a tightening position by rotating the lever 57 beyond the dead center.

In the casing 5, the hanging metal fittings 59a and 59b provided on the upper surfaces of the right half 5a and the left half 5b are respectively attached to the lower surfaces of the flange portions 60a and 60b of the hopper bottom plate 60. , Bolts, etc., so as to be removably mounted on the body frame 4, whereby the above-described locking fitting 54 and the locking lock 5 are attached.
By releasing the engagement with the hook 8 and disengagement by the hanging fittings 59a and 59b, the spinner 2 is removed and completely exposed as shown in FIG. 18, and maintenance of the spinner 2 can be performed easily. It is like that.

In FIG. 23, 9.9 is a shutter provided at each of the right-side spraying port 50 and the left-side spraying port 51 of the casing 5, and a fulcrum shaft 90.9 integrally connected to the upper edge side. It is pivotally supported on the casing 5 so as to freely rotate about the center 90 to open and close the spray ports 50 and 51.

The fulcrum shafts 90 of the shutters 9 are provided at one ends thereof with operating arms 91, 91 for rotating them, and are provided at the front and rear portions of the upper surface of the casing 5. Each with a support shaft 9
Rotating arms 93, 93 pivotally supported so as to freely rotate left and right about the center of 2.92 are connected via rods 94, 94, and the rotation of the rotating arms 93, 93 causes the fulcrum shaft 90 to rotate. The shutters 9 and 9 are opened and closed by rotating the 90.
The open position is normally occupied by the urging of the springs 95, 95 linked to 3.93.

96, 96 are the rotating arms 93, 93
The above-described switching shutter 8
When the is rotated, the rollers R and R are supported on the angular projections 80 and 81 provided on the front and rear sides of one of the right and left sides thereof.
And act to rotate these rotary arms 93.

That is, when the switching shutter 8 is rotated clockwise in plan view to open the left-side spraying outlet 64, the roller R provided on the front angular projection 80 is rotated.
As shown in FIG. 21, the shutter 9 provided in the spraying port 50 for right-side spraying is closed by abutting against the cam portion 96 of the front swinging arm 93 and rotating the rotating arm 93. Conversely, when the switching shutter 8 is rotated counterclockwise to open the right-side spraying outlet 63 as shown in FIG. 20, the roller provided on the rear angular projection 81 is provided. R is the cam portion 96 of the rear rotating arm 93.
When the fertilizer is sprayed on one side of the left and right sides, the shutter 9 provided in the spraying port 51 for the left side spraying is closed. This prevents the fertilizer from falling off from the spraying port opposite to the spraying direction to the outside.

In FIG. 23, ff is the casing 5
Deflectors installed in the left and right spray ports 50 and 51 are connected to the casing 5 so as to be rotatable up and down, and the oblique angle in the up and down direction is increased by the elongated holes and the bolts inserted into and fastened to the elongate holes. It can be adjusted freely.

[0036]

As described above, the fertilizer spreader according to the present invention is fed from the hopper to the spinner by selectively switching the pair of outlets provided on the left and right sides of the hopper bottom plate by operating the switching shutter. The sprinkling direction for fertilizer can be switched by desirably selecting the right and left sprinkling spouts provided on the left and right sides of the case sink without disturbing the flow of the fertilizer. Therefore, it is possible to spray fertilizers suitable for orchards in mountainous areas.

Further, since the left and right spraying ports provided in the casing are provided with shutters interlocked with the switching operation of the switching shutter, the spraying direction is set to the right or left by the operation of the switching shutter for designating the spraying direction. By simply performing the switching operation, the fertilizer can be prevented from leaking from the opposite spraying port, so that the user can concentrate on the spraying operation.

In addition, by operating the switching shutter, simultaneous spraying from the left and right spray ports is also possible, so that the work can be performed twice as efficiently in a flat orchard.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view in plan view of a broadcaster-type fertilizer spreader.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of the fertilizer spreader in a side view.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view in plan view of a lime sawer type fertilizer spreader.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram in a side view of the above.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a state of application of fertilizer required for an orchard in a mountainous area.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a spread state of a broadcaster type fertilizer spreader on an SS road formed in an orchard in a mountainous area.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory view of a spread state of a broadcaster-type fertilizer spreader in a side spread form on an SS road formed in a meandering orchard in a mountainous area.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of the same state as viewed from the front.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory view of a state of spraying by the fertilizer spreader according to the means of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory view of a state of spraying the fertilizer spreader in a front view.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory view of a state where both sides of the fertilizer spreader are sprayed.

FIG. 12 is a side view of an on-board embodiment of the fertilizer spreader according to the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a side view of another embodiment of the above.

FIG. 14 is a partially omitted perspective view of the fertilizer application device of the embodiment.

FIG. 15 is a perspective view of a spinner unit of the same device.

FIG. 16 is a longitudinal sectional view of a main part of the same device.

FIG. 17 is a plan view of a main part of the same device.

FIG. 18 is a front view of a state where a casing of a main part of the device is removed.

FIG. 19 is a perspective view of a hopper bottom plate, an opening adjustment plate, and a switching shutter of the same device.

FIG. 20 is an explanatory diagram showing a state where the switching shutter of the above device is switched to rightward spraying.

FIG. 21 is an explanatory diagram of a state in which the switching shutter of the above device is switched to left spraying.

FIG. 22 is an explanatory diagram of a state in which the switching shutter of the above device is switched to spraying on both sides.

FIG. 23 is an exploded perspective view of a casing of the device.

[Explanation of symbols]

A: fertilizer spreader, E1, E2: engine, M: mission, R: roller, S: rotating shaft, W: SS road, a: airframe, b: fertilizer spreader, c: crawler, d: bed, f ...
Deflector, 1 ... fertilizer hopper, 2 ... spinner, 3 ...
Feeding auger, 4 ... frame, 40 ... assembly frame, 5
... casing, 5a ... right half side, 5b ... left half side, 50.5
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Spray opening, 52 ... Engagement hole, 53 ... Locking piece, 54 ... Locking metal fitting, 55 ... Engagement ring, 56 ... Hook, 57 ... Lever, 5
8 ... tightening, 59a / 59b ... hanging bracket, 6 ... hopper,
6a: fitting portion, 60: hopper bottom plate, 60a / 60b ...
Flange, 61 recess, 62 through hole, 63, 64 outlet, 7 opening adjustment plate, 70 through hole, 71, 72 adjustment opening, 73 lever, 8 switching shutter, 8a Shutter plate, 80/81 Projection, 82 Through hole, 83
· 84: communication port, 85: operation lever, 9: shutter,
90 ... fulcrum shaft, 91 ... operating arm, 92 ... support shaft, 93 ...
Rotating arm, 94 rod, 95 spring, 96 cam part.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A fertilizer in a hopper fed from a feeding port opened in a hopper bottom plate is sprinkled by a spinner disposed below the hopper bottom plate, and is sprayed from a spray port provided in a casing surrounding the spinner. The fertilizer spraying device is mounted on a machine that can run freely by forming spraying ports on both the left and right sides of the casing, and has a hopper bottom plate with a right-side spraying outlet and a left-side spraying outlet. Opened in pairs on the left and right, a switching shutter that rotates around the rotation axis of the spinner is provided on the lower surface side of the hopper bottom plate, and its shutter plate has left and right communication ports respectively corresponding to the left and right outlets. A fertilizer spreader, wherein the fertilizer spreader is formed in a long hole shape along an imaginary arc centered on the center of the rotation axis, and is formed at a portion which is biased to one half side before and after the shutter plate. 2. A shutter which can be opened and closed is provided at each of a right-side spraying port and a left-side spraying port provided on both left and right sides of a casing surrounding the spinner, respectively.
The shutters are switched such that the shutters at the spray ports opposite to the selected spraying direction are closed in conjunction with the operation of selecting the right spraying state and the left spraying state by rotating the switching shutter. The fertilizer spreader according to claim 1, wherein the fertilizer spreader is connected to the shutter via a connection mechanism. 3. A casing surrounding the spinner is divided into a right half side having a right-side spraying port and a left half side having a left-side spraying port, and these are detachably connected to each other. The fertilizer spreader according to claim 1, wherein the fertilizer spreader is detachably attached to the body frame.