JPH11262342A - Artificial aquatic plant and method for producing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] [Problem] For artificial aquatic plants installed on rivers and fish reefs for the purpose of improving the environment by efficiently establishing and recalling aquatic organisms, there is little resistance to water flow, excellent durability, workability, and low cost. Provide artificial water plants that can be installed in SOLUTION: A front and back mesh knitted fabric (1) having a Russell knit structure is connected as a connecting yarn (7) with a polyolefin flat yarn (5) having a width of 5 to 50 mm by a double raschel machine. The distance between the ground (1) is 100 ~
Forming a three-dimensional network structure (6) measuring 2000 mm;
An artificial aquatic plant (10) in which a middle part of the connecting yarn (7) is cut and a polyolefin flat yarn (5) having a length of 50 to 1000 mm is fixed to a mesh-like knitted fabric (1). The meshed knitted fabric (1) of 10) is moored along the water bottom as a rhizome, and the polyolefin flat yarn (5) is used as a leaf and floated in water.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to artificial aquatic plants,
More specifically, the present invention relates to an artificial aquatic plant that is easy to implant and prosper with natural aquatic plants and algae, and is suitable for spawning and inhabiting fish and shellfish.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, along with the development of rivers, lakes and marshes or the coastal area of sea areas, the slopes of embankments have been covered with concrete, and as a result, aquatic plants and algae have been depleted, and small animals and seafood have become inhabited. Degradation of the environment has become a problem as it becomes possible and nature is destroyed. In addition, the depletion and reduction of fish and shellfish on these coasts has become a major problem from the viewpoint of securing fishery resources, and various artificial fish reefs and artificial grass leaves have been attracting attention as means for solving these problems.

Conventionally, concrete blocks and the like have been used as artificial reefs to which aquatic plants and algae are attached. However, in artificial reefs such as concrete blocks, it takes a long time for aquatic plants and algae to adhere, and after the aquatic plants and algae grow, small animals and seafood begin to inhabit and the environment is restored to its original state. There is a disadvantage that it takes a long time. On the other hand, as an artificial grass leaf, for example, a warp knitted fabric in which a plastic tape yarn is knitted as a pile yarn on a Russell warp knitted fabric (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-57946) is disclosed. The pile length that can be engaged as a pile thread with this Russell warp knitted fabric is limited to about 20 to 30 mm, and the leaves and leaves are long enough for epiphytes and overgrowth of aquatic plants and algae, spawning and inhabiting of seafood. Can not be. Also, an artificial reef consisting of a warp knitted fabric in which plastic tape yarns are knitted as pile yarns in a net of a net-like knitted fabric (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Hei 4-53433).
However, this is because the length of the pile yarn is insufficient, and the Russell knitted fabric lacks flexibility and has high resistance to water flow, so that sufficient effects can be obtained as artificial aquatic plants and artificial reefs. I can't.

Further, as an underwater aquaculture surface material, an underwater aquaculture surface material (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-344830) comprising a tufted pile fabric in which a pile yarn made of a plastic tape yarn or the like is tufted on a base cloth has been disclosed. However, there are problems that the density of the base fabric and the pile yarn is high, the resistance against the water flow is large, and the pile yarn comes off and runs off. Alternatively, an artificial aquatic plant in which a floating plastic string is attached to a support pile or the like and floated along the flow of a river (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-171589).
However, the density is non-uniform in the floating state of the string-like body, the effect is insufficient, and further, a large number of string-like bodies are bundled for mounting in water, or bent to prevent falling off. Such as inconvenience in handling.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above-mentioned state of the art, the present invention provides an aquatic plant in which aquatic plants, such as aquatic plants and algae, grow underwater microorganisms easily attached to artificial aquatic plants. An artificial aquatic plant capable of efficiently laying and growing fish and shellfish among plants has been found, and this artificial aquatic plant has low resistance to water flow, excellent durability, good workability, and is installed at low cost The purpose is to be able to do it.

[0006]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in consideration of the above problems, and has a net-like knitted fabric having a square or hexagonal mesh having a Russell knit structure, each side of which has a length of 20 to 100 mm. In, the width of the chain stitch structure is 5 to 50 mm,
The problem is solved by providing an artificial water plant characterized by engaging a polyolefin flat yarn having a length of 100 mm or more.

[0007] Further, a double-Russell machine is used to form a square or hexagonal mesh having a Russell knitting structure with a length of one side of 20 to 100 mm on both sides of a mesh having a width of 5 to 5 mm.
A 0-mm polyolefin flat yarn is connected as a connecting yarn, and the distance between the mesh fabrics on the front and back is 100 to 2000 m.
The above problem is solved by providing a method for producing an artificial aquatic plant, which is obtained by forming a three-dimensional network structure of m and cutting an intermediate portion of the connecting yarn.

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a net-like knitted fabric (1) formed by Russell knitting in the present invention. (A) is a net-like knitted fabric (1) in which the chain knitting structures (2) are shortly knotted together with a chain yarn (3) and an insertion yarn (4) to form a square shape, and (B) is a chain knitting structure (2). A mesh-like knitted fabric (1) knotted together with a chain yarn (3) and an insertion yarn (4) to form a hexagonal shape;
(C) is a non-knotted mesh-like knitted fabric (1) in which a chain yarn (3) and an insertion yarn (4) are exchanged with each other in a chain knit structure (2) to form a square shape. In the present invention, (c) a knotless mesh-like knitted fabric (1) in which a chain yarn (3) and an insertion yarn (4) exchange with each other in a chain knit structure (2) to form a square shape is preferable.

As a method of knitting the knotless mesh-like knitted fabric (1), a chain yarn (3) and an insertion yarn (4) go back and forth between two adjacent chain knit structures (2). The chain yarn (3) and the inserted yarn (4) that have been exchanged form one side while maintaining a predetermined length without forming a knot, thereby forming two sides composed of a chain knitted structure (2) and a chain. Thread (3)
And two sides composed of the insertion thread (4) to constitute four sides. A plurality of the chain yarns (3) may be used for one chain knitting structure to give the strength in the weft direction, and the insertion yarn (4) may be used for one chain knitting structure for giving the warp direction strength. May be used. Further, the chain stitch structure may be in the form of a tape formed of several chain stitch structures knitted in parallel.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a part of the artificial aquatic plant (10) of the present invention. The reticulated knitted fabric is a Russell knitted structure, and a knotless reticulated knitted fabric (1) in which a chain yarn (3) and an insertion yarn (4) exchange AC with an adjacent chain knitted structure (2) to form a square shape. It is.

The mesh-like knitted fabric (1) preferably has a side length (a) or (b) of 20 to 100 mm, more preferably 30 to 70 mm. If the length of one side of the mesh is less than 20 mm, when the mesh knitted fabric (1) is moored to the bottom with the mesh-shaped knitted fabric (1) as a root as described later, the resistance to the water flow increases, and floating substances in the water become entangled. Problematic and not economical. 100mm
If it exceeds, the strength as a root is insufficient and the density as a water plant becomes small, so that the effect is inferior.

As the yarn forming the mesh-like knitted fabric (1), a long fiber made of a thermoplastic resin such as nylon, polyester, polypropylene or polyethylene is preferable.
In particular, for standing in water as a root portion, nylon having a specific gravity of more than 1 and having excellent weather resistance and excellent compression elasticity is preferable.

As the form of the yarn, any of a multifilament, a monofilament, a flat yarn, a split yarn and the like can be adopted, but a multifilament having flexibility and excellent knitting efficiency is particularly preferably used.

As for the thickness of the yarn, the total fineness is 100
5,000 denier is preferred, and 500-2000 denier is more preferred. If the total fineness is less than 100 denier, the strength is insufficient and the durability against water flow is inferior.
Exceeding denier is undesirable because flexibility is lost and knitting efficiency is poor.

A polyolefin flat yarn (5) is engaged with the mesh knitted fabric (1) to form a rhizome, and the polyolefin flat yarn (5) forms a leaf. And used as an artificial aquatic plant (10).

The polyolefin flat yarn (5) is knitted and locked in the chain knit structure (2) of the mesh-like knitted fabric (1). The frequency of knitting the polyolefin flat yarn (5) depends on the chain knit structure (2). Above, knitting is possible at a tissue point and / or any point on the chain knitting tissue (2), and is appropriately selected depending on the purpose of use of the artificial aquatic plant (10).

It is important that the polyolefin flat yarn (5) has a width of 5 to 50 mm, preferably 10 to 30 mm. When the width is less than 5 mm, when used as a leaf of the artificial aquatic plant (10), underwater microorganisms easily adhere, and then a colony of aquatic plants such as aquatic plants and algae grows. Therefore, it is difficult to efficiently lay and grow fish and shellfish, and if it exceeds 50 mm, resistance to water flow is large, which is not preferable.

The length of the polyolefin flat yarn (5) is 100 mm or more, preferably 300 to 1000 mm.
It is important that If the length is less than 100mm,
Insufficient length of leaves, poor effect as fish reef, 200
If it exceeds 0 mm, knitting efficiency decreases, which is not preferable.

The above-mentioned polyolefin flat yarn (5)
The polyolefin is not particularly limited, but polypropylene, high-density polyethylene, linear low-density polyethylene, or the like having a stretching effect and high strength is preferably used. Examples of the shape of the polyolefin flat yarn include a flat yarn obtained by slitting a synthetic resin film, a split yarn obtained by splitting the flat yarn, and the like.

The above-mentioned polyolefin flat yarn (5)
Is not particularly limited, and a film formed using the raw material polyolefin is slit to form a flat yarn drawn. In the method of forming the flat yarn, a film is formed by an extruder by a T-die method or an inflation method, slit, stretched, and then heat-treated to form a flat yarn. The stretching is performed at a temperature lower than the melting point of the polyolefin and higher than the softening point. The stretching ratio is preferably 3 to 15 times, more preferably 5 to 10 times. The thickness of such a flat yarn is 20 to 50 μm, and the fineness of the flat yarn is 5 μm.
00-5000 denier is preferred.

The artificial water plant (10) of this embodiment can be knitted by a double Russell machine. That is, FIG.
As shown in the figure, the front and back mesh knitted fabric (1) having a mesh structure and the front and back mesh knitted fabric (1) are connected by using a polyolefin flat yarn (5) as a connection yarn (7). It can be obtained by forming a three-dimensional network structure (6) and cutting the intermediate portion of the connecting yarn (7). The frequency of knitting the connecting yarn (7) depends on the chain stitch structure (2).
Knitting is possible at any point on the tissue point and / or chain knitting tissue (2), and is appropriately selected depending on the purpose of use of the artificial aquatic plant (10).

As shown in FIG. 4, the artificial waterweed (10) is used by mooring along the water bottom using the mesh-like knitted fabric (1) as a rhizome. The method of mooring is not particularly limited, but one side of the mesh of the mesh-like knitted fabric (1) may be moored with the support pile (9), or may be moored to another mooring object with a rope or the like. . When the net-like knitted fabric (1) is not moored along the water bottom and a part of the net-like knitted fabric (1) floats in water,
It is not preferable because problems such as entanglement of suspended matter in water occur in the mesh. By anchoring the mesh-like knitted fabric (1) to the water bottom in this manner, the chain knitting structure (2) of the mesh-like knitted fabric (1)
The polyolefin flat yarn (5) locked to
Since the specific gravity is smaller than 1, it floats in the water and fluctuates like aquatic plants on the bottom of the water or a kelp on the seabed, and suitably acts as a fish reef.

[0023] It is preferable that a ceramic purifying material having a water purifying action is blended in the mesh-like knitted fabric (1) and the polyolefin flat yarn (5) of the present invention. The ceramic purifying material is obtained by finely pulverizing an oxide natural ore containing silicon and aluminum as main components and containing an alkali metal and / or an alkaline earth metal to a particle size of 10 μm or less.
Sintered in a temperature range of 000 ° C. or higher.

The thermoplastic resin used in the present invention includes pigments, inorganic fillers, antioxidants, ultraviolet absorbers, light stabilizers, lubricants, antistatic agents, flame retardants without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Ordinarily used additives such as a foaming agent and a nucleating agent may be blended.

[0025]

[Example] Double Russell machine (14G made by Karl Mayer)
The mesh knitted fabric on the front and back (1) is nylon 240d
/ 48f, chain knitting structure with two reeds on both sides (2)
The chain yarn (3) and the insertion yarn (4) go back and forth and exchange to knit a knitted fabric having a square mesh of 50 mm on a side, and the connecting yarn (7) has a width of 35 mm and a fineness of 1000
The three-dimensional network structure (6) is formed by connecting 100% of the structure points of the mesh fabric (1) on the front and back and the intermediate point of the structure points of the chain knit structure (2) using the polypropylene flat yarn (5). ) Got. The distance between the mesh knitted fabric (1) on the front and back is 100
It was 0 mm.

Next, using a center cut machine (manufactured by Karl Mayer), the middle part of the connecting yarn (7) is center cut (both cut) parallel to the mesh knitted fabric (1), and the mesh knitted fabric on the front and back sides is cut. 500 mm each for the chain stitch structure (2) of (1)
To obtain an artificial aquatic plant (10) anchored with the polyolefin flat yarn (5).

The artificial aquatic plant thus obtained (10)
Are arranged along the water bottom with the mesh-shaped knitted fabric (1) as a rhizome, and the support pile (9) is attached to the chain knitted structure (2) of the mesh-shaped knitted fabric (1).
And fixed to the bottom of the water, using the polyolefin flat yarn (5) as a leaf part in the state of floating in water, it was confirmed that a group of aquatic plants such as aquatic plants and algae grew smoothly and was effective. Was.

[0028]

As described above, the present invention relates to an artificial waterweed comprising a mesh-like knitted fabric in which a predetermined shape polyolefin flat yarn is knitted in a mesh of a mesh-like knitted fabric having a predetermined shape. It is rich in workability and can be installed at low cost, and as a simulated aquatic plant, it has low resistance to water flow and has a leaf length that can respond to the depth of water, so that underwater microorganisms easily attach to artificial aquatic plants, Next, a population of aquatic plants such as aquatic plants and algae grows, and the artificial aquatic plant has a sufficient effect of efficiently laying and growing fish and shellfish among the grown aquatic plants.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a net-like knitted fabric by Russell knitting in the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a main part of an example of the artificial water plant of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of a state in which a three-dimensional network structure of the present invention and an intermediate portion of a connecting yarn thereof are cut.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of a state in which the net-like knitted fabric of the artificial aquatic plant of the present invention is used as a rhizome, moored to the water bottom.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Mesh-like knitted fabric 2 Chain knitting structure 3 Chain yarn 4 Insertion yarn 5 Flat yarn 6 Three-dimensional mesh structure 7 Connecting yarn 8 Cutting position of connecting yarn 9 Support pile 10 Artificial aquatic plant

Claims (2)

[Claims] Claims: 1. A reticulated knitted fabric having a Russell knitted structure and a square or hexagonal mesh having a side length of 20 to 100 mm, a polyolefin having a chain knitted structure having a width of 5 to 50 mm and a length of 100 mm or more. An artificial aquatic plant characterized by locking flat yarns. 2. A square or hexagonal mesh having a Russell knitting structure having a side length of 2 by a double Russell machine.
A mesh knitted fabric on the front and back that is 0 to 100 mm in width 5 to 50 m
m, which is obtained by cutting a middle part of the connecting yarn by forming a three-dimensional network structure in which the distance between the mesh fabrics on the front and back is 100 to 2000 mm by connecting the polyolefin flat yarns of m as the connecting yarn. Method for producing artificial aquatic plants.