JPH11272271A - Automatic performance device and storage medium - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [PROBLEMS] To provide an automatic performance device that reliably reproduces a performance sound even if non-standard information included in automatic performance information conforms to any standard. SOLUTION: Correction data corresponding to nonstandard information (parameters 1 to m, etc.) not defined by the MIDI standard is stored in a storage means 106. Each manufacturer's own standard A, B, C for the nonstandard information. ,... Are stored in advance. When the automatic performance information is received and a musical tone is generated, the determination means 107 determines which standard is the nonstandard information included in the received automatic performance information. The correction unit 108 corrects non-standard information included in the received automatic performance information using the correction data corresponding to the standard determined by the determination unit 107.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to, for example, MIDI
(Musical Instrument Digital Interface) An automatic performance device that generates a performance sound based on information according to the GM standard defined as a sound source standardization standard in a standard, and a computer can read processing steps for executing the automatic performance device. Related to the storage medium stored in the storage medium.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a so-called automatic performance device provided integrally with or separately from an electronic musical instrument such as an electronic keyboard and an electronic piano has been known. MIDI (Musical Instrument Instrument) is used as a data transfer standard determined to transfer information between this automatic performance device and an external device.
Digital Interface) standard. In the MIDI standard,
It defines a standard transmission / reception interface circuit and data format, and uses information (MIDI
Information) consists of various message information.

[0003] Specifically, MIDI information is roughly divided into channel messages and system messages, and channel messages are further divided into voice messages and mode messages. Further, the system message is divided into an exclusive message, a common message, and a real-time message. Hereinafter, these summaries will be described in order.

(1) Voice message All normal performance information is defined in a voice message. These voice messages include note on / off equivalent to key presses and key releases, control changes to send various effects, program changes to switch tones, and pitch wheel changes to send bend information. , And aftertouch. (2) Mode Message MIDI has four modes, which are determined by a combination of poly / mono mode and omni on / off. Information is transmitted and received in accordance with the mode set by the mode message. (3) Exclusive message This message is exclusive to the manufacturer, and all information unique to the manufacturer, such as tone parameters and sequence data, is sent by this exclusive message. (4) Common message and real-time message Control for automatic performance is performed by a common message and a real-time message.

In addition to the messages (1) to (4), a tune request message and an active sensing sensor for preventing a trouble due to a disconnection of a connection cable.
Message, system reset to return to initial state,
There are messages etc.

Here, for the purpose of enhancing the reproducibility of the MIDI information as described above, the GM standard (hereinafter referred to as the "MIDI sound source standard") which is a sound source standardization standard of the MIDI standard is used.
Is also defined). The MIDI tone generator standard specifies the minimum number of simultaneous sounds, the correspondence between program changes (program numbers) and timbres, and the assignment of intervals and rhythm sounds in rhythm parts. With an automatic performance device conforming to the MIDI sound source standard, substantially the same performance sound can be reproduced regardless of the manufacturer.

[0007]

By the way, the above-mentioned MI
The DI sound source standard basically defines the arrangement of timbres, and does not specify a sound source system or the like. For this reason, depending on the manufacturer of the automatic performance device, it may not be possible to reproduce subtle nuances of the timbre. That is, in order to completely reproduce a certain music piece, various parameters such as sound control and portamento are required in addition to the arrangement of tone colors. However, MID
Since the I tone generator standard basically defines only the arrangement of timbres, it is not possible to reproduce subtle nuances of music.

[0008] The number of timbres is also determined by a program
Although the timbre can be switched by a program number of "0" to "127" by changing, that is, 128 kinds of timbres can be switched. In an automatic performance device having a memory for storing), an enormous number of timbres can be controlled by bank selection. Therefore, in such an automatic performance device, M
The spread of sound cannot be realized only by the number of timbres in the IDI sound source standard.

Therefore, in order to supplement information that is not defined in the MIDI sound source standard (information that is insufficient for the MIDI sound source standard, hereinafter also referred to as “non-standard information”), each non-standard information is provided by each manufacturer. Has expanded their timbres by providing their own sound source standards.

However, the tone generator standard unique to each maker corresponds to the automatic performance device of each maker, and there is no compatibility. That is, for example, even if the value of the parameter for controlling the volume balance of a certain tone is the same, the sound source standard of one manufacturer shows a rapidly changing curve, and the sound source standard of the other manufacturer shows a gentle change. There is a difference such as a curve that changes rapidly after the change. Even if the parameter value is the same, the change with respect to each manufacturer is often different. For this reason, when an automatic performance device of a certain maker reproduces performance information created for an automatic performance device of another maker (performance information conforming to the sound source standard of the other maker), the performance tune with the correct nuance is obtained. Could not be reproduced.

As described above, in the past, specifications that are not defined in the MIDI sound source standard were each compatible with their own sound source standard for each manufacturer.
When MIDI information created by a sound source standard of a maker different from the maker of the device is used for an automatic performance device that automatically performs, the performance tune cannot be reproduced with a correct nuance.

Accordingly, the present invention has been made to eliminate the above-mentioned disadvantages, and ensures that the performance sound can be reliably obtained even if the nonstandard information included in the automatic performance information conforms to any standard. It is an object of the present invention to provide an automatic performance device for reproducing and a storage medium in which processing steps for executing the automatic performance device are readable by a computer.

[0013]

For such a purpose,
A first invention is an automatic performance device that receives automatic performance information conforming to a predetermined data transfer standard and generates musical tones based on the automatic performance information, and is not specified by the predetermined data transfer standard. The correction data corresponding to the non-standard information included in the automatic performance information is stored in advance in a storage unit for each standard used in the non-standard information, and the correction data is used in the non-standard information included in the received automatic performance information. Discriminating means for discriminating any standard that has been set, and correcting means for reading correction data based on the discrimination result of the discriminating means from the storage means and correcting the out-of-specification information using the correction data. Features.

According to a second aspect, in the first aspect,
The predetermined data transfer standard is a MIDI standard, and the non-standard information includes at least a parameter for a sound source.

According to a third aspect, in the first aspect,
The above-mentioned arbitrary standard is a standard for the information outside the above-mentioned regulation unique to each manufacturer.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a storage medium in which processing steps for receiving automatic performance information conforming to a predetermined data transfer standard and generating a musical tone based on the automatic performance information are readable by a computer. The processing step includes a discriminating step of discriminating an arbitrary standard adopted in the non-defined information included in the received automatic performance information, and a discriminating step for the automatic performance information not specified by the predetermined data transfer standard. Correction data corresponding to the non-standard information included
A reading step of reading correction data based on the determination result of the determination step from a memory stored in advance for each standard adopted for the non-standard information, and a correction data read in the reading step, And a correcting step of correcting out-of-spec information.

According to a fifth aspect based on the fourth aspect,
The predetermined data transfer standard is a MIDI standard, and the non-standard information includes at least a parameter for a sound source.

According to a sixth aspect based on the fourth aspect,
The above-mentioned arbitrary standard is a standard for the information outside the above-mentioned regulation unique to each manufacturer.

[0019]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

The automatic accompaniment device according to the present invention is applied to, for example, an electronic musical instrument 100 as shown in FIG.

The electronic musical instrument 100 has an automatic performance function, and as shown in FIG. 1, an interface circuit 102 connected to an external device (not shown),
A key switch circuit 104 connected to the keyboard 103 and a panel switch circuit 113 connected to the operation panel 112
, RAM (Ramdom Access Memory) 105, and ROM
(Read Only Memory) 106 and CPU (Central Proc)
essing Unit) 107 and digital / analog (D /
A) There is provided a tone generator 108 to which a conversion circuit 109, an amplifier (amplifier) 110, and a speaker 110 are sequentially connected, and these are connected by a bus 101.

First, the electronic musical instrument 100 is stored in the ROM 106.
In addition to a processing program for controlling the operation of the whole, tone waveform data, various fixed data, automatic performance data, a processing program for an automatic performance function, and the like are stored in advance. The CPU 107 reads out and executes various programs stored in the ROM 106 to control the operation of the electronic musical instrument 100 as a whole. At this time, the RAM 105
Is used as a working memory of the CPU 107. Thereby, the electronic musical instrument 100 operates as follows.

For example, the keyboard 103 and the operation panel 112
Is operated, the CPU 107 obtains the operation state by the key switch circuit 104 and the panel switch circuit 113, and obtains note information according to the operation of the keyboard 103 and rhythm and timbre according to the operation of the operation panel 112. The parameter information and the like are given to the tone generation circuit 108. The tone generation circuit 108 determines the RO based on each information from the CPU 107.
The tone waveform data is read from M106, its amplitude and envelope are processed, and the processed data is derived to the D / A conversion circuit 109. The tone signal obtained by the D / A conversion circuit 109 is
The signal is supplied to the speaker 111 via the amplifier 110 and is emitted from the speaker 111.

When an operation for automatic performance is performed on the operation panel 112, the CPU 107 reads out automatic performance data from the ROM 106 according to the operation.

Here, the interface circuit 102
Information is exchanged between the electronic musical instrument 100 and the external device according to the MIDI standard which is a connection standard between the automatic performance device and the external device. Thereby, the CPU 107
It is also possible to externally output the automatic performance data stored in the ROM 106 to perform an automatic performance with an external device. It is also possible to input information (MIDI information) from an external device and perform an automatic performance according to the information.

Therefore, the CPU 107 operates the operation panel 11
In accordance with the operation in step 2, the automatic performance data read from the ROM 106 or the data (MIDI information) from the interface circuit 106 is given to the musical tone generation circuit 106. The tone generation circuit 108 reads out the tone waveform data corresponding to the data from the CPU 107 from the ROM 106, and derives it to the D / A conversion circuit 109. The tone signal obtained by the D / A conversion circuit 109 is provided to the speaker 111 via the amplifier 110, and is emitted from the speaker 111.

The most characteristic feature of the electronic musical instrument 100 described above is that when performing an automatic performance in accordance with MIDI information input via the interface circuit 102, the sound source standard of the MIDI information is determined by the standard of any manufacturer. It is to correct various parameters included in the MIDI information depending on whether there is any. FIG. 2 shows the elementary features of the electronic musical instrument 100 for performing such correction and performing an automatic performance.

As shown in FIG. 2, n kinds of timbres (tones 1, 2,..., X,.
n) a correction curve (change curve) data group T ₁ for each
_{T 2, ···, T x,} ···, T n is stored,
These correction curve data groups T _{1 to} T _n have the same data configuration.

For example, the correction curve data group T _x for the timbre _x
Are m kinds of tone parameters (tone parameters 1, 2,.
, Y, ..., m) correction curve data P _x1 ,
_{P x2, ···, P xy,} ···, and includes a P _xm, and a correction curve data C _x of the control data. Here, the “tone color parameter” indicates various parameters for changing a tone color characteristic such as a volume balance, a filter, an envelope, and a vibrato. The “control data” indicates parameters other than tone color parameters, and includes, for example, information for controlling the degree of bend (decorative sound) applied during sounding of a certain tone color.

In the correction curve data group _Tx for the timbre _x , the correction curve data _{Px1 to} Px for each timbre parameter are set.
_xm has the same data configuration. For example, the correction curve data P _xy of the timbre parameter y is based on a sound source standard (MIDI sound source standard (GM
), Correction curves a _xy , b _xy ,
c _xy ,... As for the control data C _x tone color parameter y, sound standards A, B,
C,... Include correction curves a _x , b _x , c _x ,. The correction curves a _xy , b _xy , c _xy ,... For the timbre parameters are composed of change curves such that each timbre is the same as or similar to other sound source standards. The correction curves a _x , b _x , c _x ,... For the control data are also change curves such that the change curve of the value of the corresponding parameter is the same or as close as possible to other musical tone standards.

Therefore, the CPU 107 transmits the MIDI information from the interface circuit 102 to the tone generation circuit 108.
, And recognizes which MIDI information complies with the sound source standard of which manufacturer, and sets information indicating this to the standard mode flag F _mod . Tone generator 108 in accordance with MIDI information from the CPU 107, when setting a tone color of the musical tone data constituting the automatic performance, with reference to the standard mode flag F _mod, corresponding to the information set in the standard mode flag F _mod By reading the correction curve from the ROM 106 and correcting the set timbre by using the correction curve, the tone data which reproduces the correct nuance performance sound regardless of the sound source standard of the MIDI information input by the interface circuit 102 Get.

In order to realize such an operation, for example, a processing program according to a flowchart shown in FIG. 3 is previously stored in the ROM 106 as a processing program for an automatic performance function based on MIDI information. . By reading and executing the processing program of FIG. 3 by the CPU 107, the electronic musical instrument 100 performs an automatic performance based on MIDI information as follows.

First, the CPU 107 performs an initialization process (step S201). In this initialization process, for example,
The interface circuit 102 allows MI
Perform processing for receiving DI information. As described above, the MIDI information is information including various messages. In particular, the MIDI information includes a message including a program change for switching a tone, a tone parameter and a control based on a tone generator standard unique to a manufacturer of an external device. This is information including data and the like.

Next, the MIDI information is received by the interface circuit 102 (step S202).

Here, it is possible to recognize which MIDI information received by the interface circuit 102 complies with the sound source standard of which manufacturer by an exclusive message including information unique to the manufacturer. Therefore, the CPU 107 sets the interface circuit 1
02 in the MIDI information received at step 02
It is determined whether or not a message is included (whether or not an exclusive message has been received) (step S20).
3).

If the result of the determination in step S203 is that an exclusive message has been received, the CPU 107 recognizes, from the message, which MIDI information complies with the tone generator standard of the manufacturer, and transmits information for indicating the MIDI information. Set the standard mode flag F _mod (step S
204), and proceed to the next step S205. If the result of determination in step S203 is that no message has been received, the CPU 107 proceeds directly to step S205.

In step S205, the CPU 107
Whether the MIDI information received by the interface circuit 102 includes a program change for switching timbres (whether or not a program change has been received)
Is determined.

If the result of determination in step S203 is that a program change has been received, the CPU 107 transmits MIDI information including the program change to the tone generation circuit 10.
Give 8

The tone generating circuit 108 having received this first switches and sets tone parameters in accordance with the program change included in the MIDI information (step S206). Next, the tone generation circuit 108 recognizes which tone source standard the MIDI information from the CPU 107 refers to by referring to the standard mode flag F _mod , and, from the ROM 106, corrects the correction curve for the corresponding tone parameter. read out. Then, the tone generation circuit 108 performs correction using the correction curve read from the ROM 106 on the tone color parameters set in step S206 (step S207).

Thus, for example, if the MIDI information received by the interface circuit 102 is information conforming to a certain manufacturer's musical tone standard B, the tone color parameters (volume balance, filter, envelope, And various tone color parameters _{1 to m} ) that change the tone characteristics, such as vibrato, are corrected by the correction curve of the corresponding tone color among the correction data T _{1 to} T _n for each of the tone colors _{1 to n} . Specifically, the timbre parameter y for the timbre x included in the MIDI information is corrected using the correction curve _bxy . Each tone color parameter for other tone colors is similarly corrected. Therefore, in the electronic musical instrument 100, the timbre of the musical tone of the automatic performance to be generated is switched in accordance with the program change included in the received MIDI information, and the switched timbre is the same or similar to the timbre in the musical tone standard B. Becomes

After the processing in steps S206 and S207 as described above, the flow advances to the next step S208. If the result of determination in step S203 is that a program change has not been received, step S20
Proceed to 8.

In step S208, the CPU 107
It is determined whether or not the MIDI information received by the interface circuit 102 includes parameters other than the tone color parameters, that is, control data (whether or not other parameters have been received).

If the result of determination in step S208 is that other parameters have been received, CPU 107 provides MIDI information including the parameters (control data) to musical tone generating circuit 108.

The tone generating circuit 108 having received the signal first refers to the standard mode flag F _mod to determine
It recognizes which sound source standard the MIDI information from 107 corresponds to, and reads a correction curve for control data corresponding to the MIDI information from the ROM 106. And
The tone generator 108 corrects the control data included in the MIDI information from the CPU 107 with the correction curve read from the ROM 106 (step S20).
9).

Thus, for example, if the MIDI information received by the interface circuit 102 is information conforming to a certain manufacturer's musical tone standard B, the control data included in the MIDI information is for each of the timbres 1 to n. The correction is performed using the correction curve of the corresponding control data in the correction curve data groups T _{1 to} T _n . Specifically, the control data for the tone x contained in the MIDI information is corrected using the correction curve b _x. Each control data for the other timbres is similarly corrected.

As described above, the tone generating circuit 108
After correcting the control data included in the MIDI information, the tone color parameter is changed according to the corrected control data (step S210). Therefore, in the electronic musical instrument 100, the value change of the timbre of the tone of the automatic performance to be generated is controlled in accordance with the control data included in the received MIDI information, and the controlled value change is the value change in the tone standard B. Is the same as or similar to

After the processing in steps S209 and S210 as described above, the flow returns to step S202, and the subsequent processing steps are repeated. Step S20
If the result of determination in step 8 is that other parameters have not been received, the process returns to step S202 and the subsequent processing steps are repeated.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the correction curve of the tone color parameter for each tone color is provided for each sound source standard adopted by each manufacturer, and the control data for each tone color is also adopted by each manufacturer. A tone curve correction curve is provided for each tone generator standard, and the tone curve correction curve is a curve such that each tone is the same or as close as possible to the other tone generator standards. The curve was the same as the sound source standard or approximated as closely as possible. This allows
Even if the received MIDI information is created by any manufacturer, the music piece according to the MIDI information can be reliably reproduced with correct nuances.

In the above embodiment, the received M
The exclusive message included in the MIDI information is used as information for recognizing which musical tone standard the IDI information belongs to. For example, a parameter unique to a manufacturer or one of MIDI control changes is used. Recognition of a musical tone standard may be performed using a certain non-resist parameter (NRPN) or a bank (BANK).

The object of the present invention is not limited to the electronic musical instrument 100 according to the above-described embodiment, but also includes a program code of software for realizing the function of the CPU 107 (for realizing the automatic performance function described with reference to FIG. 6). Is supplied to a system or an apparatus, and a computer (or CPU or MPU) of the system or the apparatus reads out and executes a program code stored in the storage medium. Needless to say, this is achieved. As a storage medium for supplying the program code, for example, a floppy disk, hard disk, optical disk, magneto-optical disk, C
A D-ROM, a CD-R, a magnetic tape, a nonvolatile memory card, a ROM, or the like can be used.

[0051]

As described above, according to the present invention, correction data corresponding to nonstandard information (such as parameters and control data for tone color) which is not specified by a predetermined data transfer standard (such as the MIDI standard) is defined. It is prepared in advance for each standard for outside information (such as the standard adopted by each manufacturer). When the automatic performance information is received and a tone is generated, the non-standard information included in the received automatic performance information is It is determined which standard it belongs to, and the nonstandard information is corrected using correction data corresponding to the determined standard. With this configuration, even if the non-standard information included in the received automatic performance information is created in accordance with any standard, the tone can be reliably reproduced with the correct nuance.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an electronic musical instrument to which the present invention has been applied.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram for explaining a characteristic configuration of the electronic musical instrument.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a MIDI information correction process performed by the electronic musical instrument.

[Explanation of symbols]

102 MIDI interface circuit 106 ROM 107 CPU 108 Tone generation circuit F _mod standard mode flag T _{1 to} T _n correction curve data group P _x1 , P _x2 ,..., P _xy ,..., P _xm , C _x correction curve data _{a xy, b xy, c xy} , ···, a x, b x, c x, ···
Correction curve

Claims (6)

[Claims] An automatic performance device for receiving automatic performance information conforming to a predetermined data transfer standard and generating a musical tone based on the automatic performance information, wherein the automatic performance device is not specified by the predetermined data transfer standard. A storage means for preliminarily storing correction data corresponding to the non-standard information included in the automatic performance information for each of the standards employed in the non-standard information, and a correction data employed in the non-standard information included in the received automatic performance information. Determining means for determining an arbitrary standard, and correction means for reading correction data based on the determination result of the determination means from the storage means and correcting the non-specified information based on the correction data. An automatic performance device. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined data transfer standard is MIDI.
2. The automatic performance apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the information is a standard, and the non-standard information includes at least a parameter of a sound source. 3. The automatic performance apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said arbitrary standard is a standard for said non-standard information unique to each manufacturer. 4. A storage medium storing computer-readable processing steps for receiving automatic performance information conforming to a predetermined data transfer standard and generating a musical tone based on the automatic performance information. The processing step includes a discrimination step of discriminating an arbitrary standard adopted in the non-standard information included in the received automatic performance information, and a non-standard included in the automatic performance information not specified by the predetermined data transfer standard. A reading step of reading correction data based on a result of the determination step from a memory in which correction data corresponding to the information is stored in advance for each standard adopted as the non-standard information; A correction step of correcting the out-of-specification information with the output correction data. 5. The predetermined data transfer standard is MIDI
5. The storage medium according to claim 4, wherein the information is a standard, and the non-standard information includes at least a parameter for a sound source. 6. The storage medium according to claim 4, wherein said arbitrary standard is a standard for said non-standard information unique to each manufacturer.