JPH11279871A - Moisture-absorbing and releasing crimped yarn - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a moisture-absorbing and releasing crimped yarn exhibiting a moisture-absorbing function or a moisture-releasing function in accordance with the state of temperature and humidity of an environment, also having an excellent moisture-absorbing and releasing property capable of repeatedly exhibiting the moisture-absorbing and releasing property even if the state of the temperature and humidity changes and also excellent in water absorbing property. SOLUTION: This moisture-absorbing and releasing crimped yarn is a synthetic yarn having crimps and consisting of a moisture-absorbing and releasing component and a fiber-forming polymer. The synthetic fiber which has reached at an equilibrium water content under an environment at 25 deg.C×60% RH, shows >=1.5% moisture-absorbing property on leaving under an environment at 34 deg.C×90% RH for 30 min, and also the synthetic fiber which has reached at an equilibrium water content under the environment at 34 deg.C×90% RH, shows >=2% moisture-releasing property on leaving under the environment at 25 deg.C×60% RH for 30 min.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a moisture-absorbing and releasing crimped yarn having excellent moisture-absorbing and desorbing properties and also having excellent water-absorbing properties.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Synthetic fibers are superior to natural fibers such as cotton in terms of strength, abrasion resistance, form stability, and quick-drying properties, and are widely used as clothing materials. The fibers do not have the excellent hygroscopicity of the natural fibers, and are sweaty when worn, causing stuffiness, stickiness, etc., and are inferior to natural fibers in terms of comfort.

For this reason, various attempts have been made to impart hygroscopicity or water absorbency to synthetic fibers. For example, using polyetheresteramide as a moisture absorbing component,
Absorbent fibers having a value of at least 2.5% or at least 1.5% are disclosed in JP-A-9-41204, JP-A-9-41221 and the like. ΔMR is the difference between the moisture content when left for 24 hours in an atmosphere of 30 ° C. and 90% RH and the moisture content when left for 24 hours in an atmosphere of 20 ° C. and 65% RH. It is defined as

However, ΔMR is a value calculated from each moisture content when left for 24 hours under different temperature and humidity conditions, and from the viewpoint of practicality, when the temperature and humidity conditions change, the ΔMR is quickly increased. It is important to absorb or release moisture,
This is not suggested.

Further, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Sho 63-227871 discloses
Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication (Kokai) No. 63-227872 proposes a comfortable clothing material having moisture absorption / desorption properties, which is 20 ° C. × 65% RH.
Moisture absorption after 15 minutes when moving from 30 ° C to 90% RH from
15 when moving from 30 ℃ × 90% RH to 20 ℃ × 65% RH
The moisture release rate after one minute is described. However, these are those in which a hygroscopic component is adhered to the surface of a woven or knitted fabric made of polyester fiber or polyamide fiber by graft polymerization. In addition, there is a problem that the color fastness is remarkably reduced.

[0006] On the other hand, many synthetic fibers having water absorbency have been proposed in the past. These are roughly classified into those based on the structure and form of the fiber itself, those based on the design of the woven or knitted fabric, and those based on the post-processing technology. There is. In the case of fibers having different fiber structures and shapes, fibers having irregular cross-sections having irregularities in the cross-section of the fibers or fibers in which hollow holes are formed with fine pores communicating from the fiber surface to the inside of the hollow are generally used. However, these are poor in moisture absorption and desorption properties, and when worn as clothes, there was a feeling of stuffiness.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and exhibits a moisture absorbing function and a moisture releasing function depending on the temperature and humidity conditions of the environment. It is an object of the present invention to provide a moisture-absorbing / crimping crimped yarn having excellent moisture-absorbing / desorbing performance capable of exhibiting excellent water-absorbing properties.

[0008]

Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have made intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, and as a result, have reached the present invention. That is, the present invention relates to a synthetic fiber comprising a moisture absorbing / releasing component and a fiber-forming polymer, the synthetic fiber having reached an equilibrium moisture content in a 25 ° C. × 60% RH environment at 34 ° C. × 90% R
The synthetic fiber having a moisture absorption of 1.5% or more when left in an H environment for 30 minutes and reaching an equilibrium moisture content in a 34 ° C. × 90% RH environment is left in a 25 ° C. × 60% RH environment for 30 minutes. The present invention provides a moisture-absorbing and desorbing crimped yarn having a moisture release property of 2% or more and a crimp.

[0009]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

The moisture absorbing / releasing crimped yarn of the present invention is formed of a synthetic fiber comprising a moisture absorbing / releasing component and a fiber-forming polymer. The synthetic fiber, which has reached an equilibrium moisture content in an environment of 25 ° C. × 60% RH, has a hygroscopicity of 1.5% or more when left to stand in an environment of 34 ° C. × 90% RH for 30 minutes.
× Synthetic fiber which reached equilibrium moisture content under 90% RH environment
It is necessary to have a moisture absorption / desorption property of 2% or more when left in an environment of 25 ° C. × 60% RH for 30 minutes. Here, the temperature / humidity condition of 34 ° C. × 90% RH roughly corresponds to the temperature / humidity state between the human body and clothes when a person wears clothes from early summer to midsummer, and 25 ° C. × 60%. The temperature / humidity condition of% RH is based on the assumption of an average temperature / humidity state and an indoor environment throughout the year.

Therefore, the synthetic fiber, which has reached the equilibrium moisture content in an environment of 25 ° C. × 60% RH, has a hygroscopicity of 1.5% or more when left for 30 minutes in an environment of 34 ° C. × 90% RH, preferably When the content is 2.5% or more, the synthetic fibers constituting the clothes can quickly absorb the sweat of water vapor discharged from the human body. In addition, when the synthetic fiber which has reached the equilibrium moisture content in an environment of 34 ° C. × 90% RH is left for 30 minutes in an environment of 25 ° C. × 60% RH, the moisture release property is 2% or more, preferably 3% or more. As a result, once the synthetic fiber has absorbed moisture,
Usually, the moisture inside the fiber can be quickly released to the space outside the clothing where the temperature and humidity are lower than the space inside the clothing. Actually, the synthetic fiber absorbs the sweat of the water vapor discharged from the human body and simultaneously releases moisture to the outside of the clothing, so it is difficult to separately measure the moisture absorption and the moisture release. The index was used in the definition of hygroscopicity and moisture release.

As described above, the crimped yarn of the present invention must have a hygroscopic property of 1.5% or more and a hygroscopic property of 2% or more. Is preferred. That is, if the moisture release is lower than the hygroscopicity, sweat of water vapor from the human body gradually accumulates in the fiber over time,
Moisture absorption performance may be reduced. In addition, the hygroscopicity is 1.
If the content is less than 5% or the moisture releasing property is less than 2%, the amount of moisture absorption and the amount of moisture release are small, so that the clothes are easily stuffed, which is not preferable.

The above-mentioned moisture absorption / desorption performance is provided by the moisture absorption / desorption component used in the crimped yarn of the present invention. The moisture absorption / desorption component satisfies the aforementioned moisture absorption / desorption performance. As long as it is present, it is preferably a modified polyalkylene oxide obtained by reacting a polyalkylene oxide with a polyol and an aliphatic diisocyanate compound. In particular, the modified product obtained by the reaction of one or more compounds selected from the following groups can be melt-spun simultaneously with the fiber-forming polymer, and has not only a hygroscopic property but also a certain degree of water absorbing property. It is most preferable because the color tone change (fiber yellowing etc.) after fiber production is extremely small and the dyeing fastness is excellent.

That is, as polyalkylene oxide, polyethylene oxide, polypropylene oxide and a copolymer thereof, as polyol, glycols such as ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, and propylene glycol, and aliphatic diisocyanate also include alicyclic diisocyanate. But dicyclohexylmethane-4,4′-diisocyanate, 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate and the like.

Next, the crimped yarn of the present invention is formed of a moisture-absorbing / desorbing component and a fiber-forming polymer. Non-uniformly blended fiber, various conjugate fibers such as core-sheath type, side-by-side type, sea-island type, multi-part type in which one component is divided into multiple by the other component, moisture absorption and desorption A blend of the component and the fiber-forming polymer is regarded as one component, and a conjugate fiber of the blend with the fiber-forming polymer is exemplified.

The moisture-absorbing / desorbing component may be disposed in any of the inner layer and / or the outer layer of the fiber. It is particularly preferable to dispose it on the inner layer (core portion) without exposing it to the surface, since there is no occurrence of slimy feeling and unevenness in dyeing at the time of moisture absorption and the dyeing fastness does not decrease.

The composition ratio of the moisture-absorbing / desorbing component and the fiber-forming polymer in the fibers forming the crimped yarn may be set so as to simultaneously satisfy the above-mentioned moisture-absorbing properties and moisture-releasing properties. What is necessary is just to determine according to it. For example,
When the above-mentioned modified polyalkylene oxide is used as the moisture absorbing / releasing component, the content is preferably in the range of about 5 to 50% by weight based on the weight of the entire fiber.

Further, in the present invention, it is necessary that the synthetic fiber is a crimped yarn having a crimp. Thereby, the water absorption when the crimped yarn is made into a woven or knitted fabric is remarkably improved. There are roughly two types of water absorption of the woven or knitted fabric. One is when water permeates and diffuses into the gap between the woven or knitted fabric and the filament, and the other is when the fibers constituting the woven or knitted fabric absorb water. When crimping is applied to the synthetic fiber, voids between the filaments increase, and when water adheres to the surface of the woven or knitted fabric, the water rapidly penetrates between the woven or knitted structure and the filaments by a capillary phenomenon, thereby improving water absorption.
That is, the former water absorption is improved.

On the other hand, in the case of a water-absorbing fiber having no crimp,
For example, the synthetic fiber containing the modified polyethylene oxide, which is most preferable as a moisture absorbing and releasing component and also has water absorbency, has water absorbency by itself. That is, it has the latter water absorbency. When this synthetic fiber is used for clothing or living materials, it is preferable to use a fiber having a modified polyethylene oiside at the core of the fiber and a fiber-forming polymer at the sheath, but a fiber having poor water absorption. Since the forming polymer covers the fiber surface, there is no problem with moisture absorption and desorption to gaseous water, but when liquid water adheres to the fiber surface, it takes some time for water to be absorbed inside the fiber. It costs.

However, when the crimped yarn of the present invention is formed into a woven or knitted fabric, since the fibers have crimps, when water adheres to the surface of the woven or knitted fabric, first, the woven or knitted fabric is subjected to a water absorbing effect by crimping. Water is quickly absorbed between tissues and filaments, and then the water is absorbed into the fiber by the water absorbing function of the fiber itself. Therefore, the crimped yarn of the present invention has significantly improved water absorption due to a synergistic effect of both, and can have water absorption equal to or higher than natural fibers.

As a method for imparting crimp, any method may be used, and examples thereof include a false twisting method, an indented crimping method, and a fluid indented crimping method using a heated fluid. Above all, the false twisting method is preferable in terms of quality stability and cost. As the false twisting machine, a general false twisting machine equipped with a pin type or disk type twisting device can be used. The false twisting conditions may be set as appropriate within a general condition range. Usually, the false twist coefficient represented by the product of the number of false twists (T / m) and the square root of the fiber fineness (d) is 15,000 to 33
000 is adopted, but is not limited thereto, as long as the effects of the present invention can be obtained.
It is also preferable to perform a step heater false twisting.

Examples of the fiber-forming polymer used in the present invention include polyamides such as nylon 6 and nylon 66, polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene, and copolymers thereof. However, the present invention is not limited to this. Further, additives such as an antioxidant, a matting agent, and an ultraviolet absorber may be added to the fiber-forming polymer.

The single-filament fineness of the moisture-absorbing / releasing synthetic fiber is generally preferably in the range of 0.1 to 20 denier, but is not particularly limited, and the cross-sectional shape of the single yarn may be any shape.

[0024]

Next, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples. The moisture absorption, moisture release, water absorption, b value, and color fastness were measured as follows. (1) Melt viscosity of modified polyalkylene oxide
g using a flow tester (CFT-50 manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation)
0D), a load of 50 kg / cm ² and a temperature of 170
C., a die diameter of 1 mm, and a die length of 1 mm. (2) Water absorption capacity of the modified polyalkylene oxide (g /
g) 1 g of the weighed modified polyalkylene oxide was added to 200 ml of pure water, stirred for 24 hours, filtered through a 200-mesh wire gauze, and the weight of the gel after filtration was measured for water absorption capacity [g (pure water) / g (resin)]. (3) Hygroscopicity and moisture release A sample of the tubular knitted fabric was dried at a temperature of 105 ° C. for 2 hours and weighed W _0.
Is measured. B) Then, the sample is left for 24 hours under the condition of a temperature of 25 ° C. × 60% RH to measure a sample weight W ₁ . Next, the sample was heated to a temperature of 34
The sample is transferred under the conditions of ° C. × 90% RH, and the sample weight W ₂ after 30 minutes is measured. B) After measuring W _{2, the} sample is further left under the same conditions for 24 hours,
Measuring the sample weight W _3. Then, temperature 25 ℃ × 60% RH
And the sample weight W ₄ after 30 minutes is measured. C) W ₄ After the measurement, it performs normal washing with a commercial detergent and household washing machine, is dried by sun outdoors. The above operations (a), (b), and (c) were performed once, and the operation was repeated five times, and the n-th hygroscopicity and the moisture release were determined by the following equations. Hygroscopicity n (%) = [(W ₂ −W ₁ ) / W ₀ ] × 100 Hygroscopicity n (%) = [(W ₃ −W ₄ ) / W ₀ ] × 100 (4) Water Absorption JIS L 1018 (Drip method and Vilek method). In addition, the Bilek method is a measured value after 3 minutes. (5) b value Using a MS-2020 type spectrophotometer manufactured by Macbeth, the light reflectance of the tubular knitted fabric was measured, and the b value was obtained from the color difference formula CIEL-AB defined by the International Commission on Illumination (actually, Are automatically output by a spectrophotometer). At the time of measurement, in order to minimize the influence of the reflected light from other than the tubular knitted fabric, the tubular knitted fabric was folded several times and it was visually confirmed that light did not pass through the gap between the tissues, and then the measurement was performed. Further, the tubular knitted fabric was produced using fibers which were left for 30 days in a place where direct sunlight does not enter, although sunlight enters in a room where the temperature and humidity are not controlled after the fibers are manufactured. (6) Color fastness This was carried out in accordance with JIS L 0844. (7) Feeling at the time of moisture absorption A sensory test based on the touch was performed. A sample having no slimy feeling was evaluated as ○, a slightly slimy feeling was evaluated as △, and a slimy feeling was difficult to use for clothing as ×.

Examples 1 to 3 Reaction products of nylon 6 or polyethylene terephthalate as a fiber-forming polymer, polyethylene oxide as a moisture absorbing / releasing component, 1,4-butanediol and dicyclohexylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate. Modified polyethylene oxide (water absorption capacity 35 g / g, melt viscosity 4
2,000 poise) and spun at a spinning speed of 3600 m / min with a core-sheath type nozzle using a blend of this and a fiber-forming polymer to obtain a 50d / 24f highly oriented undrawn yarn. In addition,
The modified polyethylene oxide is disclosed in JP-A-6-3 / 1994.
It was synthesized according to the method for producing a water-absorbing resin described in Japanese Patent No. 16623. Next, the obtained highly oriented undrawn yarn was subjected to false twisting using a false twisting machine sequentially provided with a feed roller, a false twist heater, a pin type false twist twisting device, a delivery roller, and a winding device. . Table 1 shows the conditions of spinning and false twisting and the evaluation results of the obtained false twisted crimped yarn. Unless otherwise specified, ratios indicate weight ratios.

Comparative Example 1 Using the highly oriented unstretched yarn used in Example 2 and stretching without the false twisting process at the same draw ratio as in the false twisting process shown in Example 2, I got

Comparative Example 2 Except that no modified polyethylene oxide was used,
In the same manner as in Example 2, a false twist crimped yarn consisting of nylon 6 alone was obtained. Table 1 also shows the conditions of spinning and false twisting of Comparative Examples 1 and 2, and the evaluation results of the obtained yarns.

[0028]

[Table 1]

As is clear from Table 1, the crimped yarns obtained in Examples 1 to 3 are all excellent in hygroscopicity, moisture release and water absorption, have little change in color tone due to long-term storage, and are suitable for woven or knitted fabrics. In this case, the dyeing fastness was good, and there was no slimy feeling on the feeling at the time of moisture absorption, and the processed yarn was most suitable for practical use for clothing and the like. On the other hand, Comparative Example 1 having no crimp
The yarn obtained in Comparative Example 2 was inferior in water absorbency, and the crimped yarn obtained in Comparative Example 2 containing no modified polyethylene oxide was inferior in hygroscopicity and moisture release.

Example 4 The procedure of Example 2 was repeated except that dicyclohexylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate was replaced by 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate having an aromatic ring as a raw material for the modified polyethylene oxide. A twist crimped yarn was obtained. The moisture absorption and release properties and water absorption of this crimped yarn were similar to those of Example 2, but the b value 30 days after the production of the fiber was 13.7. Although this is unsuitable for use as the surface layer of woven or knitted fabric for clothing, it is sufficiently satisfactory for use as an intermediate layer of a multi-layered woven or knitted fabric and for practical use in materials in which color change is not a problem. Was.

[0031]

According to the present invention, excellent moisture absorption / desorption performance that exhibits a moisture absorption function and a moisture release function depending on the temperature and humidity conditions of the environment and that can repeatedly exhibit moisture absorption and desorption properties even when the temperature and humidity conditions change. And a moisture absorbing / releasing crimped yarn having excellent water absorbency.

Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code FI D02G 3/36 D02G 3/36

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A synthetic fiber comprising a moisture-absorbing / desorbing component and a fiber-forming polymer, the synthetic fiber having reached an equilibrium moisture content in an environment of 25 ° C. × 60% RH under an environment of 34 ° C. × 90% RH. Above 1.5% moisture absorption when left for 30 minutes at 34 ° C
25% of the synthetic fibers reaching equilibrium moisture content under 90% RH environment
A moisture-absorbing / desorbing crimped yarn having a moisture-releasing property of 2% or more when left to stand in an environment at a temperature of 60 ° C and a relative humidity of 60% for 30 minutes, and having a crimp. 2. The moisture-absorbing and releasing crimped yarn according to claim 1, wherein the moisture-absorbing and releasing component is a modified polyalkylene oxide obtained by reacting a polyalkylene oxide with a polyol and an aliphatic diisocyanate compound. 3. The moisture-absorbing and releasing crimped yarn according to claim 1, wherein the synthetic fiber is a core-sheath conjugate fiber containing a moisture-absorbing and releasing component in a core portion.