JPH11279940A - Opal processing of polyester-based textile fabric - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an opal processed product of polyester-based textile fabric with clear pattern of burnt-out printed portions using a burnt-out solution with a molar concentration lower than those of conventional alkali components, by printing a polyester-based textile fabric with a burnt-out solution containing tetramethylammonium hydroxide followed by heat treatment of the textile fabric and then washing it with water. SOLUTION: This opal processed product is obtained by the following procedure: a polyester-based textile fabric is printed with a burnt-out solution containing, as the alkali component, tetramethylammonium hydroxide as great as about 2.5 times higher in polyester-based decomposition rate than sodium hydroxide at equal alkali molar concentration, and the resulting textile fabric is subsequently moist or dry heat treated to effect decomposition of part or the whole of the polyester-based fibers as the above-printed portions and the decomposed part is then removed by washing with water.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an opal processing method for a polyester fiber cloth.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, after knitting and weaving a combination of different kinds of fibers such as polyester fibers and cellulosic fibers and polyamide fibers and cellulosic fibers, one of the fibers is etched and the knitted fabric is watermarked. A method of forming a pattern is called an etching processing method or an opal processing method, and is widely used. For example, a paste containing sulfuric acid, aluminum sulfate, or sodium acid sulfate is printed on a knitted and woven fabric of a mixture of polyester fibers and cellulosic fibers, and the cellulose fibers are decomposed by heat treatment or the like to obtain an open pattern on the knitted fabric. Methods are known. In recent years, as a method of opal processing a knitted fabric composed of only polyester fibers, a method has been developed in which an etching solution containing an alkali component is printed and the polyester fibers in the printed portion are decomposed and removed by heat treatment or the like. As an opal processing method for forming a watermark pattern on a polyester fiber knitted fabric composed of two types of polyester fibers having different alkali solubility, Japanese Patent Publication No.
No. 7518 and JP-A-63-159587.

Further, Japanese Patent Publication No. Sho 61-15198 discloses a method of forming a three-dimensional uneven pattern on a nap cloth made of only polyester fibers in addition to the openwork pattern. Alkali metal hydroxides, carbonates, bicarbonates, etc. are used as alkali components for decomposing and removing these polyester fibers. Sodium hydroxide is the most widely used in terms of processability and economy. However, in order to increase the decomposition rate of the polyester fiber using these alkali components and obtain a fiber fabric having a clear pattern, it is necessary to use a disinfecting liquid with a high molar concentration of the alkali components. From the viewpoint of safety during operation, there is a strong demand for the development of an opal processing method for a fiber cloth in which the printed and etched portion has a clear pattern even when the molar concentration of the alkali component is reduced.

[0004]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of such a situation, and despite the use of an etching solution having a molar concentration lower than that of a conventional alkali component,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a processing method capable of obtaining an opal-processed product of a polyester fiber fabric having a clear pattern of a printed and etched portion.

[0005]

Means for Solving the Problems The inventors of the present invention have conducted various studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, and as a result, when tetramethylammonium hydroxide is used as the alkali component, the decomposition rate of the polyester fiber is lower than the conventional rate. The inventors have found that the present invention is about 2.5 times higher than the case where sodium hydroxide is used, and arrived at the present invention. That is, in the present invention, a polyester fiber cloth is printed with an etching solution containing tetramethylammonium hydroxide, and then a part of or the whole of the printed polyester fiber is decomposed by wet heat or dry heat treatment. ,
A gist of the present invention is a method for processing an opal of a polyester fiber cloth, which is characterized by being washed and removed.

[0006]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below in detail.
In the present invention, a polyester fiber fabric is used as a processing target. The polyester fiber used here is a polymer composed of polyester containing terephthalic acid as a main acid component and alkylene glycol having 2 to 6 carbon atoms as a main glycol component, such as polyethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate. Polyester polymers include isophthalic acid, naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, diphenyldicarboxylic acid, diphenoxyethanedicarboxylic acid, β-2-oxyethoxybenzoic acid, p-oxybenzoic acid, sebacic acid, adipic acid,
1 to 15 mol% of a third component such as 4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid, trimellitic acid, pyromellitic acid and polyalkylene glycol
A polyester fiber composed of a polymer composed of a copolyester copolymerized to a certain degree or a polyester blended with about 1 to 15% by weight of a polyalkylene glycol, sodium alkylsulfonate or the like, wherein the polymer composition in a single fiber The polyester-based polymer may be used in a fibrous form using a single composition, a copolyester obtained by copolymerizing polyethylene terephthalate and a third component, or a polyester obtained by blending polyethylene terephthalate and a third component. And a conjugated single fiber composition composed of a combination of For example, there can be mentioned a single fiber having a uniform single fiber structure, a two-layer structure such as a core-sheath structure, a side-by-side structure, and a multilayer structure such as a sea-island structure.

The cross-sectional structure of a single fiber is circular, irregular,
The fiber may have various structures such as hollow and flat, and the fineness of the fiber is not particularly limited. In the present invention, as the cloth to be processed, a woven fabric, a knitted fabric, a nonwoven fabric, or the like composed of only the above-described polyester fiber may be used. A woven fabric, a knitted fabric, or the like may be used that is knitted or woven using a single form of a twisted yarn, a coated yarn, a composite false twisted yarn, or the like, or an appropriate combination of these yarns. Furthermore, the polyester fiber fabric used in the present invention is mainly composed of the above-mentioned polyester fiber, but other fibers include natural fibers such as cotton and hemp, and polyamide fibers represented by nylon and nylon 66. For example, any fiber may be used in any form as long as the fiber is not decomposed by an alkali component-containing disinfecting solution described later.

[0008] In the polyester fiber cloth as described above,
In the present invention, first, an etching solution containing tetramethylammonium hydroxide is printed. The tetramethylammonium hydroxide used here is a compound represented by the following structural formula 1, and is generally produced by subjecting trimethylamine to a quaternization reaction with methyl formate, methyl chloride, or the like, followed by electrolysis.
The free base of tetramethylammonium hydroxide exists only as an aqueous solution, and its 20% aqueous solution is strongly alkaline (p
H14).

[0009]

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There is no particular limitation on the sizing agent used as a viscosity adjusting component of the disinfecting solution. However, since the aqueous solution of tetramethylammonium hydroxide exhibits strong alkalinity, a sizing agent excellent in alkali resistance, such as carboxy, is used. It is preferable to use a methylcellulose-based paste or the like in consideration of the stability of the disinfecting liquid. Tetramethylammonium hydroxide may be solely contained as the alkaline component of the etching solution, or another alkaline component such as an alkali metal hydroxide, carbonate, or bicarbonate may be used as the third component. You can use them together. The content of the alkaline component in the disinfecting solution may be appropriately adjusted depending on the form of the polyester fiber to be decomposed. In addition, the viscosity of the dissolving liquid finally becomes 3
000 to 15000 mPa · s, preferably 7000 to
It is preferable to be in the range of 12000 mPa · s from the viewpoint of the workability of printing. If the viscosity is 3000 mPa · s or less, the disinfecting liquid flows and adheres to portions other than the printed portion, and the resulting pattern becomes unclear, and it becomes difficult to obtain an opal processed product having excellent design properties. s
Exceeding the range is not preferable because precise printing becomes difficult and control of the application amount of the etching solution becomes difficult.

[0011] In printing the etching solution, the printing solution may be applied to an arbitrary pattern by a usual method using a generally used printing machine such as a roller printing machine or a screen printing machine. The coating amount is not particularly limited, and may be appropriately adjusted depending on the form of the polyester fiber used and the pattern to be obtained. In the present invention, after printing with the etching solution, a part or all of the printed polyester fiber is decomposed and removed by wet heat treatment or dry heat treatment. At the time of wet heat treatment, a loop steamer or a tower steamer is used at normal pressure and high temperature, and the temperature is 170 to 190 ° C for 5 minutes.
Perform processing for about 7 minutes. When performing a dry heat treatment, the heat treatment is performed at 150 to 170 ° C. for about 0.5 to 2 minutes using a heat setter or a shrink surfer type dryer.

The heat treatment decomposes part or all of the polyester fiber. When all of the polyester fiber is decomposed, when the fabric to be processed is designed, the part of the fabric is exposed to the discharge liquid. By arranging the fabric so that other fibers not affected by the action are used in combination with the polyester-based fibers, a discoloration pattern can be formed at that portion. After the heat treatment, washing with hot water or water is performed to decompose the polyester fiber and to remove the remaining alkaline agent.
Dissolve and remove sizing agent and the like. The present invention has the above configuration.

[0013]

According to the present invention, when tetramethylammonium hydroxide is used as an alkali component in the opal processing of a polyester fiber fabric as in the present invention, the decomposition rate of the polyester fiber can be reduced by using conventional sodium hydroxide. It has the ability to increase about 2.5 times under the condition of the same alkali molarity. Therefore, with a lower molarity of the alkali component, the pattern of the polyester fiber is sharp and the design is clear without reducing the decomposition rate. It is possible to obtain a processed opal product having excellent properties.

[0014]

EXAMPLES Next, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples. The measurement and evaluation of the performance of the opal-processed fabric in the examples were performed by the following methods. The molar concentration of the alkali component in the examples indicates the number of moles of the alkali component contained in 100 g of the disinfecting liquid. (1) Degradation rate The weight of polyester fiber fabric before and after opal processing is
It was measured with an electronic balance and calculated from the difference in weight by the following equation. Decomposition rate (%) = (weight before processing−weight after processing) / weight before processing × 100

(2) Depth of unevenness According to JIS L-1096, the thickness of the fiber cloth in the convex portion (the portion to which the extraction liquid is not applied) and the concave portion (the portion to which the extraction liquid is applied) of the opal processed product is determined by the thickness. The difference was calculated using a measuring instrument. (3) Designability Based on the sensory test, the feeling of unevenness on the surface of the fiber cloth was relatively evaluated in the following three stages. ：: The unevenness is clear. Δ: The unevenness is slightly clear. ×: Unevenness is unclear.

Example 1 A warp yarn consisting of a mixture of polyethylene terephthalate fibers 40d / 48f (eight split yarn) having a single yarn fineness of 0.1d and polyethylene terephthalate fibers 30d / 12f having a single yarn fineness of 3d was used. Weaving a satin-textured fabric (warp density: 208 yarns / inch, weft yarn density: 77 yarns / inch) using weft yarns of 100d / 24f polyethylene terephthalate fiber with a fineness of 4d, scouring, presetting, raising, and weight reduction in the usual manner. (Weight loss rate: 40%) to obtain a 0.5 mm thick woven fabric (warp density: 285 yarns / inch, weft density: 94 yarns / inch), which was used as a woven fabric to be processed.

Next, the alkali molarity of the following formula 1 was 0.1.
A 9 mol / 100 g, 8000 mPa · s / 25 ° C. extinction liquid was applied in a stripe pattern (pattern width 2.5 cm at a pattern interval of 1 cm in the longitudinal direction) using a 700-mesh screen in an amount of 10 g / m ^2. Printed and dried. Formulation 1 Fine Gum HE 6 parts (Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd., carboxymethyl cellulose glue) Tetramethylammonium hydroxide aqueous solution 85.5 parts (Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Co., Ltd., 20% aqueous solution) Water 8.5 parts

Next, at 185 ° C. using a high-pressure steamer.
For 6 minutes in saturated steam. Thereafter, the product is washed with water to remove decomposed products, residual alkali components, sizing agent, etc., dried, and a part of the brushed single-filament polyethylene terephthalate fiber having a fineness of 0.1 d at the coating portion of the disinfecting liquid is decomposed and removed well. In addition, an opal-processed fabric of the present invention having a clear uneven pattern was obtained. Hereinafter, 130 ° C. in the following formula 2 by a usual method.
For 30 minutes, followed by drying and finishing setting to obtain a final opal processed product. Formulation 2 Dianix Black RB-FS (200%) 20% owf (manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., disperse dye) Nikka San Salt SN-150 0.5 g / liter (manufactured by Nika Chemical Co., Ltd., dispersant) 48% acetic acid Aqueous solution 0.2cc / liter

For the purpose of comparison with the present invention, the following formulation 3 (in which the molar concentration of the alkali component was 0.19 mol / 1
An opal-processed woven fabric for comparison (Comparative Example 1) was obtained in exactly the same manner as in this example, except that an etching solution having a viscosity of 00 g and a viscosity of 8500 mPa · s / 25 ° C.) was used. Formulation 3 Fine gum HE 6.0 parts Sodium hydroxide 7.5 parts Water 86.5 parts For comparison with the present invention, the content of sodium hydroxide in Comparative Example 1 was doubled. Molarity 0.38 mol / 100 g, viscosity 10,000 mPa · s
An opal-processed woven fabric for comparison (Comparative Example 2) was obtained in exactly the same manner as in this example, except that an etching solution of / 25 ° C. was used.

The performance of the present invention and the opal processed product for comparison were measured and evaluated, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0021]

[Table 1]

As is clear from Table 1, the processing method of the present invention shows a good polyester fiber decomposition rate even at a lower molar concentration of the alkali component than the conventional one, and the unevenness pattern of the fiber cloth is very clear. In addition, it is possible to obtain an opal processed product excellent in design.

[0023]

According to the present invention, despite the use of an etching solution having a concentration lower than the molar concentration of an alkali component conventionally used, a clear and designable portion of a printed and etched portion can be obtained. An excellent opal processed product of a polyester fiber fabric can be obtained.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A polyester fiber cloth is printed with an etching solution containing tetramethylammonium hydroxide, and then a part of or all of the printed polyester fiber is decomposed by wet heat or dry heat treatment. An opal processing method for a polyester fiber cloth, characterized by washing and removing.