JPH11280366A - Earth removal equipment for deep excavator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To conduct earth removal under a vacuum smoothly by preventing the closing of an earth-removal pipe by the adhesion of excavated materials and the biting of rock pieces, etc., while improving safety by removing the mounting-demounting works of the earth-removal pipe in a caisson type pile excavator removing excavated materials under the vacuum by the earth-removal pipe. SOLUTION: An earth-removal pipe 19 piped along the pit axis of a shaft consists of an upper main pipe 19A and a lower front end pipe 19B, and the upper end section of the front end pipe 19B is connected at the lower end section of the main pipe 19A through a reducer 50. A ribbon screw 51 is disposed into the front end pipe 19B in the axial direction, and the ribbon screw 51 is rotated in the front end pipe 19B by a driving device 60. Accordingly, since excavated materials and air are kneaded and stickiness is lowered while rock pieces and gravel, etc., are moved to the upper section of the earth-removal pipe 19 as being crushed, closing by the rock pieces and the gravel, etc., is prevented, and the intake efficiency of excavated materials is improved.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a deep excavator configured to excavate excavated earth and sand by vacuum discharge pipes, and more particularly to an excavating apparatus for facilitating the operation of excavating earth. It is about.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As an earth removal method for a deep foundation excavator of this type, there are a vacuum earth removal method, a reverse earth removal method, a clamshell earth removal method, and the like. In the case of the vacuum discharging method, a discharging pipe is piped along the shaft of the shaft, and its tip is located at the back of the cutter facing the face (that is, immediately above the face). In addition, a vacuum suction device is connected to an end of the discharge pipe above the ground through a sediment collection / separation device, a dust collection / separation device, or the like. Then, the vacuum suction device is operated to vacuum suction the excavated earth and sand from the tip of the discharge pipe. Thus, the excavated earth and sand can be continuously and efficiently discharged to the outside of the mine.

[0003]

However, if the excavated soil is a viscous soil or a soil having a high water content, the excavated sediment adheres to the inside of the tip of the discharge pipe to be in a closed state, and the vacuum suction device is operated. Even if it does, it will be difficult to remove the vacuum. In such a case, remove the tip of the discharge pipe and place it on the ground. Then, while washing the inside of the pipe with water, stick out the adhered earth and sand with a stick and remove it. However, the operation of removing the tip of the discharge pipe is complicated and takes a long time, and it is dangerous because an operator enters near the face.

[0004] On the other hand, when there are rock pieces or gravel larger than the suction diameter of the discharge pipe, the rock pieces or gravel may bite into the suction port, and even small rock pieces or gravel may overlap in the discharge pipe. As a result, the discharge pipe may be blocked. In such a case, a part of the discharge pipe is partially removed, a monken is inserted into the tip of the discharge pipe, and the monken is shaken down to crush rock fragments and gravels. In such a case, it is necessary to remove the middle of the discharge pipe, which involves complicated work and danger.

[0005] Therefore, in a deep excavator for excavating excavated soil by vacuum discharge, a vacuum excavation is smoothly performed by preventing the excavation pipe from being clogged due to the attachment of excavated earth and sand and the biting of rocks and the like. At the same time, there arises a technical problem to be solved in order to improve the safety by eliminating the work of attaching and detaching the discharge pipe, and an object of the present invention is to solve this problem.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been proposed in order to achieve the above object, and has a cutter fixed to a pit with a gripper and provided at a lower portion of the excavator body. In the deep foundation excavator, the lower end of the discharge pipe piped along the shaft is disposed on the back of the cutter, and the excavated soil is vacuum-discharged by the discharge pipe. In this case, the discharging pipe is composed of an upper main pipe and a tip pipe provided below the main pipe, and a ribbon screw is disposed in the tip pipe in the axial direction, and the driving apparatus is provided with the ribbon screw. An object of the present invention is to provide an earth removal device for a deep foundation excavator that is configured to rotate a ribbon screw inside.

[0007]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. Figure 1 shows a state in which drilled shafts V at shinso excavator 10, the ground start portion of the standing pit V the provided Danho portion V _0, are to build a scaffold 11 thereabove. Then, the suspension device 13 is mounted on the ceiling girder 12 of the yagler 11, and the upper end of the wire rope 16 is hooked on the hook block 15 at the tip (lower end) of the chain 14 fed from the suspension device 13. Then, the lower end of the wire rope 16 is connected to the deck 18 on the upper surface of the excavator body 17.
Hang on to. Thus, the excavator body 17 is connected to the suspension device 13.
The shaft V is excavated while being suspended at.

In the shaft V, a discharge pipe 19 is provided along the shaft. The ground outlet end of the discharge pipe 19, that is, the upper end protrudes upward beyond the ceiling girder 12 of the yagler 11,
It is connected to a sediment collection / separation device 20 installed on the ceiling girder 12. The tip (lower end) of the discharge pipe 19 reaches the back (upper) of the central cutter head 43 of the excavator body 17, that is, the vicinity of the cutting face of the shaft V, as described later.

A dust collecting / separating device 21 is installed next to the sediment collecting / separating device 20. The dust / separating device 20 and the dust collecting / separating device 21 are connected by a connecting pipe 22. I have. In addition, a vacuum suction device 23 is installed on the ground, and the vacuum suction device 23 and the dust collection / separation device 21 are installed.
And are connected by an air hose 24.

Thus, when the vacuum suction device 23 is operated, the earth and sand excavated by the excavator body 17 is vacuum-evacuated (vacuum) into the earth discharging pipe 19, and the earth and sand collecting / separating device 20.
Is collected at and separated from air. Further, the air that has passed through the sediment collection / separation device 20 is introduced into the dust collection / separation device 21 via the connecting pipe 22, and the dust contained in the air is collected and separated. Then, the purified air is supplied to the discharge hose 25 of the vacuum suction device 23 through the air hose 24.
Emitted from the atmosphere.

On the other hand, the sediment collected by the sediment collection and separation device 20 and the dust collected by the dust collection and separation device 21 are:
The sediment collection and separation device 20 and the dust collection and separation device 21
Is dropped into a hopper 26 vertically provided below the container, and further flows down a chute 27, is thrown into a slip container 28, and is transported to a dump site. Thus, the excavated earth and sand of the face can be continuously and efficiently discharged.

Next, the excavator body 1 will be described with reference to FIGS.
The configuration of No. 7 will be specifically described. A cylindrical main frame 29 is disposed at the center of the excavator body 17, and three gripper jacks 30 are mounted on the main frame 29 in three horizontal directions, and a piston portion 30 a of the gripper jack 30 is provided. Is projected outward from the outer surface of the main frame 29, and a gripper plate 31 is attached to the tip of the piston portion 30a. At the time of excavation, the three gripper jacks 30 are extended (piston portion 30a).
The excavator body 17 is fixed to the deepest portion of the shaft V by pressing the gripper plate 31 against the shaft wall of the shaft V.

A cylindrical gear box 32 is provided below the main frame 29, and a cylinder body of the shift jack 33 is fixed to an outer surface of the main frame 29, and a piston rod of the shift jack 33 is provided. By connecting the tip to the outer surface of the gear box 32, the shift jack 33 expands and contracts to
2 is formed so as to move up and down with respect to the main frame 29.

The inside of the gear box 32 extends along the circumferential direction.
Is a double annular gear 34_OUT,34 _INThe gear 34_OUT,
34_IN(Ie, the center axis of the gearbox 32)
To be rotatable. The large-diameter outer gear 34
_OUT(Hereinafter, the outer ring gear 34_OUT)
In addition to engraving teeth on the side, the gear
_IN(Hereinafter, the inner ring gear 34_INTo the outer peripheral side
And a gap 35 having a constant width is provided between the two.
I will keep it.

Then, three motors 36 are erected at three places in the circumferential direction of the gap 35, and a pinion 37 is fitted to a lower output shaft of the motor 36, and the pinion 37 is inserted into the gap 35. By positioning, the outer ring gear 34 _OUT meshes with the outside of the pinion 37, and the inner ring gear 34 _IN meshes with the inside of the pinion 37.

The main body of the motor 36 is fixed to the gear box 32, and the main frame 29 is provided with circular holes 38 at three places in the circumferential direction.
The main body of the motor 36 is inserted into the motor frame 8 so as to be vertically movable, and the top of the main body of the motor 36 projects above the main frame 29.

Further, the dual annular wheel 39 _OUT on the lower surface of the gear box 32, 39 _IN are vertically, of which the large-diameter side wheel 39 _OUT (hereinafter, referred to as the outer ring wheel 39 _OUT) is the The inner wheel 39 is formed so as to rotate integrally with the outer ring gear 34 _OUT and has a small-diameter inner wheel 39.
_IN (hereinafter, referred to as inner ring wheel 39 _IN) is formed so as to rotate integral with the inner ring gear 34 _IN.

At the lower portion of the outer wheel 39 _OUT , three outer cutter heads 40 and three outermost cutter heads 41 are alternately projected in six radially outward directions in the horizontal direction. On the other hand, the lower end surface of the inner ring wheel 39 _IN 1
Three support shafts 42 are suspended at every 20 degrees, and a central cutter head 43 is connected to the lower end of the support shafts 42. The central cutter head 43 includes a central hub 43h, and three spokes 43s extending horizontally and obliquely upward from the hub 43h in three radial directions, and supported by the support shaft 42. It is formed in a shape.

Furthermore, cutter bits 44 are provided on the lower surfaces of the outer cutter head 40, the outermost cutter head 41, and the center cutter head 43, respectively. The outermost cutter head 4
1 is a telescopic jack, the outer wheel 3
9 _Base 41a fixed to _OUT , tip 41b
Can be projected horizontally outward. A cutter bit 44 is provided on the lower surface of the tip portion 41b.
(The cutter bit is not provided on the base 41a.) Thus, when the motor 36 is driven, the pinion 37 rotates in a certain direction, and the outer ring gear 34 _OUT rotates in the same direction as the pinion 37. The inner ring gear _34IN rotates in the opposite direction. For this reason, the outer cutter head 40, the outermost cutter head 41, and the center cutter head 43 excavate the ground while rotating in mutually opposite directions.

As a result, the excavation torque reaction force acting on the outer peripheral cutter head 40 and the outermost cutter head 41 and the excavation torque reaction force acting on the central cutter head 43 cancel each other, so that the excavation torque reaction force as a whole is small. Become. This excavation torque reaction force is held by the frictional resistance between the gripper plate 31 and the shaft wall of the shaft V. Therefore, the frictional resistance required during excavation can be reduced, and the load on the gripper jack 30 and the gripper plate 31 can be reduced.

Incidentally, the shift jack 3
The shaft 3 is extended and the gearbox 32 is pushed down to dig down (excavate) the shaft V. The reaction force required for the excavation is also obtained by the frictional resistance between the gripper plate 31 and the shaft wall of the shaft V. When the shift jack 33 has been extended to the full stroke, the gripper jack 30 is contracted to release the gripper plate 31 from the wellbore, and the shift jack 33 is contracted to shift the shift jack 3.
The excavator body 17 is settled down by one stroke of No. 3.
Thereafter, the gripper plate 31 is again pressed against the pit wall, the excavator body 17 is fixed, and excavation is resumed. The shaft V is dug to a predetermined depth while repeating such an operation.

Further, the center cutter head 43 is
Lower than the cutter head 40 and the outermost cutter head 41
Because it is located at
Pit V _PREIs excavated in advance, and then
Head 40 and the outermost cutter head 41 are_PRE
Wide excavation of the perimeter of. Thus, the entire section of shaft V
Is excavated continuously and evenly.

The outer cutter head 40 directly excavates the outer circumference of the excavation shaft V _PRE . Then, the outermost cutter head 41 performs widening excavation further outside the portion widened by the outer cutter head 40. The diameter of the shaft V can be enlarged or reduced by adjusting the amount of protrusion of the tip portion 41b of the outermost cutter head 41.

Since the excavation surface formed by the outer cutter head 40 and the outermost cutter head 41 is a slope descending inward, the earth and sand excavated by the outer cutter head 40 and the outermost cutter head 41 are formed. Are collected on the excavation pit V _PRE down this slope. Then, as described above, the earth and sand excavated by the central cutter head 43 is also vacuum-discharged from the discharge pipe 19.

Here, the discharging pipe 19 is connected to the upper main pipe 19.
A and a lower end tube 19B, and an upper main tube 19A.
A lower end pipe 19B having a diameter larger than that of the main pipe 19A is coaxially connected to a lower end of the main pipe 19 via a reducer 50. The tip tube 19
B penetrates the center of the main frame 29 and the gear box 32, and the lower end of the tip tube 19B extends to a position close to the upper surface of the hub 43h of the center cutter head.

A ribbon screw 51 is disposed in the tip tube 19B in the axial direction, and there is a slight gap between the outer edge of the ribbon screw 51 and the inner wall surface of the tip tube 19B. . In addition, a cylindrical support portion 52 is provided on the upper portion of the gear box 32, and the support portion 52 prevents the tip tube 19B from swinging laterally. Further, a steady rest member 53 is provided in some places, and abuts against the outer surface of the distal end tube 19B.

A driving device 60 is provided near the upper end of the tip tube 19B, and the driving device 60 is configured to rotate the ribbon screw 51 inside the tip tube 19B. Although not shown, a recess is provided in the hub 43h of the central cutter head, and the tip tube 19 is provided.
The lower end of B may be further extended downward and inserted into this recess.

FIG. 5 shows the internal structure of the driving device 60. A driving wheel 61 having substantially the same diameter as the distal end tube 19B is interposed between the upper end of the distal end tube 19B and the lower end of the reducer 50. The upper portion of the ribbon screw 51 is fixed to the inner side surface of the ribbon screw 61. A flange 61 is provided on the outer surface of the drive wheel 61.
a large-diameter wheel gear 62 is superposed and fixed on the lower surface of the flange 61a.
3 and the lower gear box 64. A hydraulic motor 65 is mounted on an upper side of the upper gear box 63, and a pinion gear 67 is mounted on a rotation shaft 66 of the hydraulic motor 65.
Is fitted and meshed with the wheel gear 62.

A metal 68 is fixed to the upper gear box 63 to pivotally support the outer surface of the drive wheel 61 and the upper surface of the flange 61a.
And the outer surface of the drive wheel 61 and the lower surface of the wheel gear 62 are pivotally supported. Further, the upper gear box 63 and the lower end of the reducer 50 are fixed by bolting, and the lower gear box 64 and the upper end of the tip tube 19B are also fixed by bolting. Dust seals 70 are provided in gaps between the outer surface of the drive wheel 61 and the upper and lower gear boxes 63 and 64, respectively.
And a packing 71 are interposed.

When the hydraulic motor 65 is driven, the pinion gear 67 rotates to rotate the wheel gear 6.
2, the torque is transmitted. Therefore, the drive wheel 61 rotates integrally with the wheel gear 62 between the reducer 50 provided above the drive wheel 61 and the distal end pipe 19B provided below, and the inner surface of the drive wheel 61 The fixed ribbon screw 51 rotates integrally with the drive wheel 61.

The tachometer 7 is provided below the hydraulic motor 65.
2 is provided, and the rotation shaft 66 and the tachometer 72 are connected via a transmission shaft 73.
The rotation speed of the ribbon screw 51 is measured so that the rotation state of the ribbon screw 51 can be detected.

Thus, as shown in FIG. 2, when the excavated earth and sand is sucked into the discharge pipe 19 by vacuum suction (vacuum), the ribbon screw 51 rotates inside the tip pipe 19B. Therefore, the excavated earth and sand are kneaded and the adhesiveness is reduced, and the efficiency of taking in the excavated earth and sand becomes extremely good. Excavated earth and sand adhering to the inner wall surface of the distal end pipe 19B is shaved off by the outer edge of the ribbon screw 51, so that blockage due to the adhesion of earth and sand can be prevented.

Furthermore, since the rock pieces and gravels are moved upward while crushing by rotating the ribbon screw 51, the rock pieces and gravels bite into the suction port, and a plurality of rock pieces and gravels are overlapped with each other inside the tip tube 19B. No blockage. If large rock fragments, gravel, or the like is taken in, the reducer 50 provided at the upper part of the distal end pipe 19B is closed.
Can be removed to remove rock fragments and the like. Therefore,
There is no need for workers to enter the vicinity of the face, and work safety can be ensured.

The present invention can be variously modified without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and it goes without saying that the present invention extends to the modified ones.

[0035]

As described above, according to the present invention, the ribbon screw is disposed in the tip pipe below the discharge pipe and the ribbon screw is rotated by the driving device. Blockage of the discharge pipe can be prevented. Therefore, the efficiency of taking in the excavated earth and sand becomes extremely good in combination with the vacuum, and it becomes possible to smoothly perform the earth removal operation, and the safety is improved by eliminating the attaching and detaching work for repairing the closed earth removal pipe. Improvement can be achieved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory sectional view showing an outline of a deep foundation excavator.

FIG. 2 is a vertical side view of the excavator body.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a view taken in the direction of arrows BB in FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional side view showing the internal configuration of the driving device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 10 deep excavator 17 excavator body 19 drain pipe 19A main pipe 19B tip pipe 43 central cutter head 51 ribbon screw 60 drive device

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (71) Applicant 591020412 Sato Construction Industry Co., Ltd. 2-21-1-301, Shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo (71) Applicant 592009409 Sun-Tech Co., Ltd. 3-2, 2ndmachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 71) Applicant 391035795 Shiroishi Co., Ltd. 3-4-1 Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo (71) Applicant 594056421 Shirakawa Electric Civil Engineering Co., Ltd. 3- 21-5 Shirokane, Showa-ku Nagoya-shi, Aichi (71) Applicant 000183392 Densetsu Co., Ltd. 2-1-1, Awaza, Nishi-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka (71) Applicant 000207780 Taiho Construction Co., Ltd. 1-24-4, Shinkawa, Chuo-ku, Tokyo (71) Applicant 000212739 Chuden Construction Co., Ltd. Nagoya, Aichi 4-45, Suuncho, Mizuho-ku (71) Applicant 000219820 TOENEC CORPORATION 71) Applicant 598041603 Tokyo Electric Works Co., Ltd. 1-4-5, Nishikanda, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo (71) Applicant 592049542 Himeno Co., Ltd. 12-19 Higashi-Osone-cho, Higashi-ku, Nagoya-shi, Aichi (71) Applicant Kade KOGYO Co., Ltd. 2-3-11-3, Shibuya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo (72) Inventor Nobuo Oda 2-4-2, Yokota, Atsuta-ku, Nagoya-shi, Aichi Chubu Electric Power Co., Inc. Takeno Kuno 2-4-2, Yokota, Atsuta-ku, Nagoya-shi, Aichi Prefecture Chubu Electric Power Co., Inc.Central Transmission and Substation Construction Plant (72) Inventor Masaru Sakai 2-1-1 Honohara, Toyokawa-shi, Aichi Prefecture Kumagaya Teknos Corporation (72) Invention Person Yoshio Murase 6-25, Sakae, Naka-ku, Nagoya-shi, Aichi Prefecture Inside Kawakita Electric Industry Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Seiki Ikeda 4F Nakano Bldg. 4-1, Aoi 2-chome, Higashi-ku, Nagoya-shi, Aichi Nagoya Branch (72) Inventor Toshiaki Arakawa Showa-ku, Nagoya-shi, Aichi 2-14-20 Mai Suntec Chubu Branch Office (72) Inventor Yasutaka Kodama Yasutaka Kodama 1-14 Kanda Iwamotocho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Shiroishi No. 2 Building Shiroishinai Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Yoshiro Kinoshita Showa, Nagoya-shi, Aichi Prefecture 3-21-5 Shirokane, Shirakawa-ku, Shirakawa Electric Civil Engineering Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Akira Okumura 2-chome, Awaza, 2-chome, Nishi-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka Sumitomo Wiring Systems, Ltd. 5-72, Kadowari-cho, Ward Nagoya Branch, Taitoyo Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Toshiaki Arima 3-7-1, Enwaka-cho, Minato-ku, Nagoya-shi, Aichi Naka Electric Works Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Hiroyuki Terasawa 1-33-2 Shinei, Naka-ku, Nagoya-shi, Aichi, Japan Chuo branch office (72) Invention Masato Shimizu 12-19 Higashi-Osone-cho, Higashi-ku, Nagoya City, Aichi Prefecture Himeno Co., Ltd. Inside Chubu Branch (72) Inventor Seiichi Kurihara 5-1-5 Imaike, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya-shi, Aichi Building

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An excavator body is fixed in a pit by a gripper, and excavation is performed by a cutter provided at a lower portion of the excavator body. In a deep foundation excavator arranged behind a cutter and configured to vacuum-discharge excavated earth and sand with the discharging pipe, the discharging pipe is provided at an upper main pipe and below the main pipe. A deep screw excavator, comprising: a tip screw, a ribbon screw disposed in the tip pipe in an axial direction thereof, and a driving device configured to rotate the ribbon screw inside the tip pipe. Earth removal equipment.