JPH11293256A - Carbonization treatment unit with air flow control function for secondary combustion chamber - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Problem] To provide a carbonization treatment apparatus capable of sufficiently burning unburned gas generated in a carbonization chamber. The carbonization processing apparatus includes a carbonization chamber (3) for heating waste and generating unburned gas, and a secondary combustion chamber (6) for burning gas generated in the carbonization chamber (3). Means for supplying air into the secondary combustion chamber 6
And a temperature sensor 23 for detecting the temperature in the secondary combustion chamber 6
And a control means 21 for increasing the amount of air blown from the air supply means 19 when the temperature sensor 23 detects a predetermined temperature or higher.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a carbonization apparatus for carbonizing flammable waste such as wood, paper, synthetic resin, household garbage, etc., and has a function of controlling the amount of air blown into a secondary combustion chamber. The present invention relates to a carbonization processing apparatus having the following.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional carbonization apparatus of this type includes a carbonization chamber for heating waste and generating unburned gas, a primary combustion chamber provided with a combustion apparatus for heating the carbonization chamber, and a carbonization chamber. And a secondary combustion chamber for burning the exhausted gas,
Unburned gas generated from waste by heating is introduced into the secondary combustion chamber, and is burned by a gas burner (combustion device).
Further, the secondary combustion chamber is provided with an air supply blower, which blows air during combustion by a gas burner to promote the combustion of unburned gas. The air supply blower is energized at the start of the carbonization operation and constantly blows air in a constant blowing state.

[0003]

However, the quality and quantity of unburned gas generated from the carbonization chamber vary greatly depending on the quality and quantity of waste (waste) to be treated. Since the amount of air blown from the air supply blower to the secondary combustion chamber is almost constant, the air may not be sufficiently burned.

In particular, in recent years, there are many opportunities to put a lot of plastic waste such as a package of so-called retort food, a tray of styrofoam or a wrap film, and when such plastic waste is carbonized, A large amount of unburned gas due to pyrolysis is generated in the carbonization chamber. When a large amount of unburned gas is generated,
As in the case of ordinary waste such as wood, paper, garbage, etc., there is a problem in that the generated unburned gas cannot be sufficiently burned when the air blow from the air supply blower is a fixed amount.

That is, when a large amount of unburned gas is generated from the carbonization chamber at one time, the supply becomes insufficient, the unburned gas cannot be completely burned in the secondary combustion chamber, and a part of the exhaust passage remains unburned. Parts will be released into the atmosphere.
On the other hand, if the air supplied from the air supply blower is constantly supplied in an excessive state, wasteful consumption of energy occurs.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above problem, and has as its object to provide a carbonization apparatus capable of sufficiently burning unburned gas generated in a carbonization chamber.

[0007]

The present invention has the following configuration to achieve the above object. That is, the carbonization processing apparatus of the present invention includes a carbonization chamber 3 that heats waste to generate unburned gas, and a secondary combustion chamber 6 that burns the gas generated in the carbonization chamber 3. An air supply means 19 for supplying air into the secondary combustion chamber 6, a temperature sensor 23 for detecting a temperature in the secondary combustion chamber 6, and a case where the temperature sensor 23 detects a predetermined temperature or higher. Control means 21 for increasing the amount of air blown from the air supply means 19;
It is a carbonization processing apparatus characterized by comprising.

In such a carbonization apparatus, the carbonization chamber 3 is heated, unburned gas is generated from the waste put into the carbonization chamber 3, and the generated unburned gas is introduced into the secondary combustion chamber 6. In the secondary combustion chamber 6, the temperature sensor 23 detects the temperature in the secondary combustion chamber 6, and sends a detection signal to the control means (control unit) 21. In the control means (control unit) 21,
When the temperature sensor 23 detects a temperature equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature, the amount of air blown from the air supply unit 19 is increased. That is, when the combustion increases and the temperature of the secondary combustion chamber 6 increases, the amount of unburned gas in the secondary combustion chamber 6 increases,
Accordingly, the amount of air blown is increased to promote the supply of air required for combustion, and sufficient combustion in the secondary combustion chamber 6 can be achieved. When the temperature in the secondary combustion chamber 6 is lower than the predetermined temperature, the amount of unburned gas is not so large.
As a normal blowing amount, it is possible to prevent an excessive supply of air.

In the above carbonization apparatus, the air supply means 1
As 9, a plurality of blowers or a blower with a variable blowing amount can be used.

The control means 21 preferably adjusts (increases) the air supply amount of the air supply means in accordance with a detection signal from a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature in the secondary combustion chamber. The adjustment (increase) of the air supply amount of the air supply means can be performed by increasing the operating number of the plurality of arranged blowers, or by increasing the blower amount of the blower having a variable air amount. When a blower with a variable air volume is used, the amount of air blown from the blower can be easily controlled, for example, by changing the applied voltage or current supplied to the blower in accordance with the amount detected by the temperature sensor 23.

If the temperature sensor 23 detects a temperature equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature, the number of blowers operated via the control means (control unit) 21 or the amount of air blown by a blower having a variable air volume can be easily increased. The amount of air can be increased.

[0012]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 to FIG.
An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a carbonization apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing a control unit (control means) 21 for adjusting an amount of air to a secondary combustion chamber. It is. As shown in FIG. 1, a carbonization treatment apparatus 1 generally includes a carbonization chamber 3 into which waste is charged, a primary combustion chamber 5 for heating the carbonization chamber 3, and a secondary combustion chamber for burning gas generated in the carbonization chamber 3. The combustion chamber 6 includes a combustion chamber 6 and an exhaust passage 8 for discharging gas from the secondary combustion chamber 6. The carbonization chamber 3 and the secondary combustion chamber 6 are connected by a carbonization chamber flue 13, and the primary combustion is performed. The chamber 5, the exhaust passage section 8, and the secondary combustion chamber 6 are connected to a combustion chamber flue.

The carbonization chamber 3 is provided with an input port 11 above it, from which waste to be treated is input.
The treated waste is taken out from an outlet 12 provided below. The carbonization chamber 3 is communicated with the secondary combustion chamber 6 by a carbonization chamber flue 13 provided on the upper part thereof. In the carbonization chamber 3, the waste is heated in an oxygen-free state (so-called steaming), and moisture and unburned gas generated from the waste are introduced into the secondary combustion chamber 6 through the carbonization chamber flue 13. Has become.

A stirring blade 15 for stirring the inside of the chamber is provided in the carbonization chamber 3, and the stirring blade 15 is driven by an electric motor 17 via a power transmission mechanism 18.

The primary combustion chamber 5 surrounds the carbonization chamber 3,
A primary burner (heating device) that heats the carbonization chamber 3 on one side
4 are arranged.

The primary combustion chamber 5 has a cooling fan 16
Is provided, and in the cooling step at the time of ending the carbonization treatment operation, after the primary burner 4 is stopped, the cooling fan 16 is operated while the secondary burner 10 is being operated to cool the carbonization chamber 3. ing.

The secondary combustion chamber 6 is provided with a secondary burner 10, which burns unburned gas introduced from the carbonization chamber 3 into the secondary combustion chamber 6 to make it smokeless and odorless. Secondary combustion chamber 6
Are provided with two blowers, a first air supply blower 19a and a second air supply blower 19b, which blow air for combustion into the combustion chamber.

The first air supply blower 19a includes a secondary burner 10
, And the second air supply blower 19b is provided on the exhaust passage section 8 side. These first and second blowers 19a and 19b are respectively connected to the control unit 21, and are operated or stopped by switching control in the control unit 21 as described in detail below.

The secondary combustion chamber 6 is provided with a temperature sensor 23 for detecting the temperature in the combustion chamber. The temperature sensor 23 (see FIG. 1) controls the control unit 2 in accordance with the detected temperature.
1 sends a temperature detection signal.

As shown in FIG. 2, the control section 21 has a relay 25 for switching the energization in accordance with a detection signal from the temperature sensor 23. When the relay 25 is switched, the first switch position A and the second switch The switch is switched to a position B. In the first switch position A, only the first air supply blower 19a is energized, and in the second switch position B, the first air supply blower 19a and the second air supply blower 19a are energized.
b), and the two blowers are operated.

The exhaust passage section 8 is provided above the secondary combustion chamber 6 and discharges exhaust gas burned in the secondary combustion chamber 6. A catalyst (metal oxide) 7 for deodorization is disposed in the exhaust passage section 8, and exhaust gas is released into the atmosphere after coming into contact with the catalyst 7. Further, a configuration may be adopted in which a heat exchanger is disposed in the exhaust passage section 8 and the exhaust gas is cooled by heat exchange and then released into the atmosphere.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. First, the waste to be treated is introduced into the carbonization chamber 3 through the inlet 11, the primary burner 4 is operated to heat the carbonization chamber 3, and the waste is so-called steamed in an oxygen-free state. And generate unburned gas. The unburned gas generated in the carbonization chamber 3 passes through the carbonization chamber flue 13 and is introduced into the secondary combustion chamber 6 near the flame of the secondary burner 10. In the secondary combustion chamber 6, the unburned gas is burned by the secondary burner 10 to make it smokeless and odorless. The combustion gas generated here is discharged from the secondary combustion chamber 6 to the atmosphere through the exhaust passage 8.

On the other hand, in the secondary combustion chamber 6, the temperature sensor 23
Sends the detected temperature to the control unit 21, and the control unit 21 switches the relay 25 (see FIG. 2) according to the detected temperature. When the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 23 is a predetermined temperature, for example, 650 ° C. to 900 ° C. or less, the relay 25
Is in the first switch position A, and energizes only the first air supply blower 19a.

On the other hand, the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 23 is
When the temperature is higher than 900 ° C., the relay 25 is in the second switch position B, energizes both the first air supply blower 19a and the second air supply blower 19b, and operates two blowers,
Increase the air flow. That is, when the detected temperature of the secondary combustion chamber 6 is high, the amount of unburned gas generated from the carbonization chamber 3 is large, so that the amount of air required for combustion is increased to achieve sufficient combustion. It is intended. The secondary combustion chamber 6
The gas inside is discharged into the atmosphere through the exhaust passage section 8.

At the end of the carbonization, a cooling operation (cooling step) is performed. In this cooling step, the combustion of the primary burner 4 is stopped while operating the secondary burner 10, and the cooling fan 16 is operated to cool the carbonization chamber 3. And
After the carbonization chamber 3 is sufficiently cooled, a processed product (carbide) that has been carbonized in the carbonization chamber 3 is taken out from the outlet 12.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In the second embodiment described below, the same portions as those in the above-described first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description of those portions is omitted, and is mainly different from the first embodiment. The points will be described.

In the second embodiment shown in FIG. 3 and FIG.
Unlike the embodiment, the secondary combustion chamber 6 is provided with only one blower 19c as an air supply means.
It is possible to change the air flow rate. In the present embodiment, the power supplied to the blower 19c is controlled according to the detection signal from the temperature sensor 23 to change the output of the blower 19c.

In the case of the second embodiment, the blower 19c
May be such that the air volume is changed stepwise such as in two steps or three steps, or may be changed linearly by the supplied power. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. A power control element (for example, an electric resistor, a rectifier diode, or a triac) 27 is combined. Blower 1 with detected temperature and power control element
Table 1 shows the relationship between the power supply modes 9c.

[0030]

[Table 1]

That is, as shown in Table 1, when a rectifier diode is used as the electronic control element 27, when the temperature of the secondary combustion chamber is low (low), for example, when the temperature is 900 ° C. or less, half-wave power supply is performed. When the temperature of the secondary combustion chamber is high (high) or higher than 900 ° C., full-wave power is supplied.
When a resistor is used as the electronic control element 27, when the temperature of the secondary combustion chamber is low (low), for example, 70 to
80% low voltage power supply is performed, and when the temperature of the secondary combustion chamber is high (high), 100% voltage power supply is performed. When the electronic control element circuit is used as the electronic control element 27, when the temperature of the secondary combustion chamber is low (low), for example, when a limited waveform power supply of 70 to 80% is performed and the temperature of the secondary combustion chamber is high For (high), 100% power waveform feeding is performed. In the second embodiment, the same effects as in the first embodiment can be obtained.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, but can be variously modified without departing from the gist of the present invention. For example, in the first embodiment, the number of blowers is not limited to two, but may be three or more. Further, in the second embodiment, a plurality of blowers capable of changing the air volume may be provided.

[0033]

According to the carbonization apparatus of the present invention, when the temperature sensor detects a predetermined temperature or higher, the amount of air blown from the air supply means is increased. , Sufficient combustion can be achieved.

Further, if the control means increases the number of operating air supply blowers based on the detection amount of the temperature sensor, the air volume can be easily increased with a simple configuration, and the air volume can be varied. As long as the air volume of the blower is increased, only a small number of blowers are required, the number of parts of the apparatus can be reduced, and the configuration of the apparatus can be simplified.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a structure of a carbonization apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of a control unit of the carbonization device shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram showing a structure of a carbonization apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of a control unit of the carbonization device shown in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

1. 2. carbonization equipment; 3. carbonization chamber; 4. Primary burner (heating device); 5. Primary combustion chamber, Secondary combustion chamber,
7. Catalyst, 8. 10. exhaust passage section; 10. secondary burner (gas burning means); Input port, 12. Outlet, 13.
13. Coking chamber flue; 14. combustion chamber flue; Stirrer, 1
6. Cooling fan, 17. Electric motor, 18. Power transmission mechanism, 19a. 1st air supply blower (air supply means), 19b. Second air supply blower (air supply means), 19c. Blower, 21. Control unit (control means); 23. Temperature sensor, 25. Relay, 27. Electronic control element

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A carbonization treatment apparatus comprising: a carbonization chamber for heating waste to generate unburned gas; and a secondary combustion chamber for burning gas generated in the carbonization chamber, wherein the secondary combustion chamber Air supply means for supplying air into the room, a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature in the secondary combustion chamber, and control means for increasing the amount of air blown from the air supply means when the temperature sensor detects a predetermined temperature or higher. , A carbonization treatment device. 2. The carbonization apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the air supply means is a plurality of blowers or a blower whose blowing amount is variable. 3. The carbonizing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the control means adjusts an air supply amount of the air supply means in accordance with a detection signal from a temperature sensor for detecting a temperature in the secondary combustion chamber. Processing equipment.