JPH11347518A - Method and apparatus for carbonizing combustible organic matter - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Problem] To provide a method and an apparatus for carbonizing waste, which can sufficiently burn unburned gas generated in a carbonizing chamber. A carbonization chamber, a primary combustion chamber formed to surround the carbonization chamber and having a heating device for heating the carbonization chamber; A heating / combustion device 8 for burning gas generated by heating, and an exhaust passage 7 for discharging gas after burning, and a second communication with the carbonization chamber 2 through a carbonization chamber flue 11 The secondary combustion chamber 5 includes an air supply means 17 capable of adjusting the amount of air suction and a temperature sensor 19 capable of detecting the temperature in the combustion chamber. A carbonization apparatus in which the air suction amount of the air supply means 17 increases when the temperature in the next combustion chamber 5 rises above a set temperature.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to flammable organic substances (mainly waste) such as wood, paper, synthetic resin, household garbage and the like.
The present invention relates to a carbonization method and an improvement of a carbonization apparatus.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional carbonization apparatus for combustible organic substances is:
A carbonization chamber for heating a combustible organic substance to generate unburned gas, a primary combustion chamber provided with a heating device (first burner) for heating the carbonized chamber, and burning the unburned gas generated in the carbonized chamber. And a secondary combustion chamber. The unburned gas generated in the carbonization chamber is introduced into the secondary combustion chamber and burned by the second heating device (second burner). An air supply fan is provided in the secondary combustion chamber to send air during combustion by the second burner to promote the combustion of unburned gas.
This air supply fan is energized at the start of the carbonization operation,
Air was sent at a constant or almost constant air volume.

[0003]

However, if the amount of air blown from the air supply fan to the secondary combustion chamber is constant, if the quality and amount of waste to be treated fluctuates greatly, it is not sufficient. The problem of not burning occurs. In particular, in recent years, there are many plastic wastes such as so-called retort food packages, styrofoam trays, and wrap films.When such plastic wastes are carbonized, a large amount of unburned gas due to thermal decomposition in a carbonization chamber. Occurs. When a large amount of unburned gas is generated, it cannot be sufficiently burned in the secondary combustion chamber with a constant air blowing amount similar to the case of wood, paper, garbage, and the like.

[0004] That is, when a large amount of unburned gas is generated from the carbonization chamber at one time, the supply becomes insufficient, and a part of the gas is discharged into the atmosphere from the exhaust passage in an unburned state. On the other hand, if air is always supplied in an excessive state, energy is wasted due to excessive operation of the air supply fan, and the combustion temperature in the secondary combustion chamber is reduced, which also contributes to incomplete combustion. May be. The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and has as its object to provide a carbonization method and apparatus capable of sufficiently burning unburned gas generated in a carbonization chamber.

[0005]

According to the present invention, a flammable organic substance is introduced into the carbonization chamber of the primary combustion chamber which is formed so as to surround the carbonization chamber and has a heating device for heating the carbonization chamber. The method for carbonizing a combustible organic substance, wherein the combustible organic substance is steamed by heating by an apparatus and the generated gas is completely burned while supplying air in a secondary combustion chamber communicating with the carbonization chamber. When the temperature in the combustion chamber rises from below the set temperature, the supply amount of air is increased. When the temperature in the secondary combustion chamber falls from above the set temperature to below, the supply amount of air is decreased. The present invention relates to a method for carbonizing combustible organic substances, wherein heating and burning are performed while adjusting the temperature in the combustion chamber.

[0006] The present invention also relates to a carbonization apparatus. The carbonization treatment apparatus of the present invention is formed so as to surround the carbonization chamber 2 and heats the carbonization chamber 2 having a charging port 9 for charging a combustible organic substance and an outlet 10 for extracting a processed material. A primary combustion chamber 4 having a heating device 3; a heating / combustion device 8 for burning gas generated by heating the supplied combustible organic matter in the carbonization chamber 2; and an exhaust gas for discharging the burned gas. A secondary combustion chamber 5 having a passage 7 and communicating with the carbonization chamber 2 via a carbonization chamber flue 11,
The secondary combustion chamber 5 is provided with air supply means 17 capable of adjusting the amount of air suction and a temperature sensor 19 capable of detecting the temperature in the combustion chamber, and the temperature in the secondary combustion chamber 5 is set at a set temperature. When the temperature rises from below to above, the temperature sensor 19
When the temperature in the secondary combustion chamber 5 decreases from above a set temperature to below the set temperature, the air suction amount of the air supply means 17 is increased through the temperature sensor 19. This is a carbonization device that can reduce the amount of air suction.

[0007]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram (front view) of an example of a carbonization apparatus according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the carbonization apparatus 1 includes a carbonization chamber 2 into which waste is charged, a primary combustion chamber 4 that heats the carbonization chamber 2, and a fuel chamber that burns unburned gas generated in the carbonization chamber 2. A secondary combustion chamber 5 to be exhausted, and an exhaust passage 7 for discharging gas from the secondary combustion chamber 5. The carbonization chamber 2 and the secondary combustion chamber 5 are separated by a carbonization chamber flue 11. Connected to the primary combustion chamber 4 and the second
The secondary combustion chamber 5 is connected by a combustion chamber flue 12.

An input port 9 is provided in the upper part of the carbonization chamber 2 so that waste to be treated is introduced from the upper part thereof, and the treated waste is taken out from an outlet 10 provided in the lower part. Has become. In the carbonization chamber 2, the waste is heated in an oxygen-free state (so-called steamed), and moisture and unburned gas generated from the waste are introduced into the secondary combustion chamber 5 through the carbonization chamber flue 11. . A stirring blade 13 for stirring the inside of the chamber is provided in the carbonization chamber 2.
Are driven by the electric motor 15 via the power transmission mechanism 16.

The primary combustion chamber 4 surrounds the carbonization chamber 2, and a first burner 3 for heating the carbonization chamber 2 is disposed at one end. Further, a cooling fan 14 is disposed in the primary combustion chamber 4, and in a cooling step at the time of terminating the carbonization operation, the second burner 8 is stopped after the operation of the first burner 3 is stopped.
, The cooling fan 14 is operated to cool the carbonization chamber 2.

In the secondary combustion chamber 5, a second burner (heating and heating) is provided.
A combustion device 8 is provided, and burns the unburned gas introduced from the carbonization chamber 2 into the secondary combustion chamber 5 to make it smokeless and odorless. In the secondary combustion chamber 5, an air supply means (air supply fan) 17 for sending combustion air is arranged.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the air supply fan 17. The air supply fan 17 has a closing plate 20 for partially closing the air supply port of the air supply fan, a solenoid 21 for opening and closing the closing plate 20, and a mounting plate 20 and the solenoid 21 for attaching the closing plate 20 and the solenoid 21 to the air supply fan 17. Are arranged, and the amount of intake air is adjusted by opening and closing the closing plate 20.

The secondary combustion chamber 5 is provided with a temperature sensor 19 for detecting a temperature in the combustion chamber, and the temperature sensor 19 sends a detection signal to the control unit 18 according to the detected temperature. When the temperature of the secondary combustion chamber 5 exceeds (or falls below) the set temperature, the control unit 18 operates the solenoid 21 to raise (or drop) the drive unit as shown in FIG.
By opening (or closing) the closing plate 20 to increase (or decrease) the amount of intake air of the air supply fan 17, the amount of air blown by the air supply fan 17 is increased (or reduced). The set temperature is usually from 600 ° C. to 13 ° C.
A predetermined temperature in the range of 00 ° C., preferably 800 ° C. to 1
A predetermined temperature within a range of 250 ° C.

(Function) The waste to be treated is introduced into the carbonization chamber 2 through the charging port 9, the first burner 3 is operated to heat the carbonization chamber 2, and the waste is steamed in an oxygen-free state.
When water and unburned gas are generated from waste, the carbonization chamber 2
The gas (unburned gas) generated in (1) passes through the carbonization chamber flue 11 and is introduced into the vicinity of the flame outlet of the second burner 8 in the secondary combustion chamber 5. Then, the unburned gas is burned by the second burner 8 and released to the atmosphere through the exhaust passage 7 of the secondary combustion chamber 5 in a smokeless and odorless state. By the way, the closing plate 20 for adjusting the air suction amount of the air supply means 17 arranged in the secondary combustion chamber 5 is “closed” (the closing plate 20) at the start of operation.
Is in a state of being down). After the operation, when the temperature in the secondary combustion chamber 5 rises and the temperature sensor 19 detects a set temperature (for example, 900 ° C.), the closing plate 20 opens,
By opening the front of the intake port 23, the amount of intake air is increased, and the amount of air blown by the air supply means (air supply fan) 17 is increased. Thereafter, the temperature in the secondary combustion chamber 5 continues to rise for a while (for example, rises to about 1000 ° C.), but then gradually falls and falls again below the set temperature (900 ° C.). Then, the temperature sensor 19 detects the set temperature, the closing plate 20 closes, and the air supply means (air supply fan)
17 is reduced. As described above, when the temperature of the secondary combustion chamber 5 is higher than the set temperature, the amount of unburned gas generated from the carbonization chamber 2 is large. Thus, sufficient combustion is achieved.

[0014]

According to the carbonization method of the first aspect, the unburned gas generated in the carbonization chamber can be sufficiently burned. The air supply means of the secondary combustion chamber according to the second aspect of the present invention can easily control the blowing amount with a simple structure. Further, the unburned gas generated in the carbonization chamber can be sufficiently burned by using the carbonization treatment device of the second aspect.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration diagram (front view) of a carbonization treatment apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of an air supply fan section of the carbonization apparatus according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1: Carbonization treatment device 2: Carbonization chamber 3: Heating device (first burner) 4: Primary combustion chamber 5: Secondary combustion chamber 6: Catalyst 7: Exhaust passage 8: Heating / combustion device (second burner) 9: Inlet 10: Outlet 11: Carbonization chamber flue 12: Combustion chamber flue 13: Stirring blade 14: Cooling fan 15: Electric motor 16: Power transmission mechanism 17: Air supply means (air supply fan) 18: Control unit 19: Temperature sensor 20: Blocking plate 21: Solenoid 22: Bracket 23: Air supply fan intake 24: Air supply fan air inlet

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A flammable organic substance is put into the carbonization chamber of a primary combustion chamber which is formed so as to surround a carbonization chamber and has a heating device for heating the carbonization chamber, and is heated by the heating device to be flammable organic substance. And the generated gas is completely burned while supplying air in a secondary combustion chamber communicating with the carbonization chamber, wherein the temperature of the secondary combustion chamber is set to a set temperature. When the temperature rises from below to above, the supply amount of air is increased, and when the temperature in the secondary combustion chamber falls from above the set temperature to below, the supply amount of air is decreased to decrease the temperature in the combustion chamber. A carbonization method for combustible organic matter that is heated and burned while adjusting. 2. A primary combustion having a carbonizing chamber having an inlet for charging a combustible organic substance and an outlet for extracting a processed material, and a heating device formed to surround the carbonizing chamber and heating the carbonizing chamber. And a heating / combustion device for burning the gas generated by heating the supplied combustible organic matter in the carbonization chamber, and an exhaust passage for discharging the gas after the combustion. A carbonization treatment device comprising: a secondary combustion chamber that communicates via a road; and an air supply unit capable of adjusting an air suction amount and a temperature capable of detecting a temperature in the combustion chamber in the secondary combustion chamber. When the temperature in the secondary combustion chamber rises from below the set temperature to above, the air suction amount of the air supply means is increased through the temperature sensor, and the temperature in the secondary combustion chamber is increased. Is the set temperature When descending from top to bottom can reduce air intake of the air supply means through the temperature sensor, carbonization apparatus.