JPH1135366A - Hard wood chip cement board and its manufacturing method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To produce the cemented chip board having improved fire resistance by forming a cemented chip board comprising: a surface layer that is obtained by hardening a surface layer composition consisting of a wood reinforcing material, a cement composition and water; a rear layer that is obtained by harbening a rear layer composition consisting of the above wood reinforcing material, the above cement composition and water; and an intermediate layer that is placed between the surface layer and the rear layer and consists of a refractory material having low thermal conductivity. SOLUTION: This production comprises: preparing a composition for both a surface layer and a rear layer, (i.e., surface/rear layer composition), which consists of about 15 pts.wt. of a wood reinforcing material such as wood chips of Western hemlock, about 100 pts.wt. of a cement composition ((portland cement)/(alumina cement)/(hemihydrate gypsum)/(sodium citrate)/(slaked lime) composition) and about 50 pts.wt. of water; then, uniformly spreading a half of the amount of the prepared composition on a mold plate; thereafter, placing a refractory material having low thermal conductivity, such as inorganic fiber fabric on the layer of the composition; subsequently, spreading the remainder of the prepared composition on the layer of the refractory material; then, placing a pressing plate on the resulting second layer of the composition; and pressurizing these layers thus formed, from the upper and lower sides with a pressing machine to subject them to integral forming and to produce the objective hard cement chip board 3 consisting of a surface layer 4, an intermediate layer 6 provided with through-holes 61 and a rear layer 5.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a hard wood cement board mainly used as a building material for an outer wall and the like and a method for producing the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, fire-protected areas and quasi-fire-protected areas have been designated, and buildings built in these fire-protected areas and quasi-fire-proof areas are required to have good fire resistance and fire resistance, such as fire-resistant buildings and fire-resistant buildings. Have been. Further, even in areas other than the fire protection area and the quasi-fire prevention area, buildings with high fire resistance and fire resistance are preferable, and there is a strong demand for fire resistant buildings and fire prevention buildings.

[0003] Outer wall structures used for fire-resistant buildings and fire-resistant buildings must pass certain standards. For example, an outer wall structure that passes the heating test specified in JIS-A-1301 “Fire prevention test method for wooden part of building” or JIS-A-1302 “Fire prevention test method for non-combustible structure part of building” is required to use this method. An outer wall structure that can be used for a fire-proof building by calling it a fire-resistant structure, and that passes the one-hour fire test specified in JIS-A-1304 “Fire Test Method for Building Structure” is called a fire-resistant structure and is called a fire-resistant structure. It can be used for things.

Conventionally, a hard wood chip cement board is often used as an outer wall material used for a fire protection structure such as a prefabricated house. As described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 5-13098 (hereinafter referred to as Conventional Example 1), this hard wood chip cement board hardens Portland cement in a state where a mixture of Portland cement, wood reinforcing material and water is pressurized. Manufactured in a manner that

Further, as described in JP-B-59-18339 (hereinafter referred to as Conventional Example 2), a mixture comprising a heat-curable cement composition, a wood reinforcing material and water is heated under pressure. It is manufactured by a method of hardening a thermosetting cement composition. Further, as described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-16823 (hereinafter referred to as Conventional Example 3) and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-24738 (hereinafter referred to as Conventional Example 4), the joint portion is improved in fire resistance. Fire resistant structures are known.

That is, in the fire-resistant structure of Conventional Example 3, the joints formed at the joints of the panels are successively laminated and filled with a foaming fire-retardant paint, an inorganic fiber and a caulking material to improve the fire resistance of the joints of the panels. The fire-resistant structure described in Conventional Example 4 has a fire-resistant structure. The fire-resistant structure of the joint of the outer wall is enhanced by arranging a sheet containing a foamable fire-resistant material along the joint on the back side of the joint between the exterior materials. It has a fireproof structure.

[0007]

However, the outer wall material used for the fire-resistant structure described in the prior art examples 3 and 4 is made of ALC or calcium silicate plate which itself has fire resistance performance. However, these outer wall materials are heavy and thick, so that they are difficult to handle, and have a disadvantage that they are weak and brittle against external force.

The hard wood chip cement boards described in Conventional Example 1 and Conventional Example 2 are inexpensive, lightweight, and excellent in strength, so they are often used for fire protection of buildings. Lacks fire resistance and cannot be used for fire resistant structures. Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a hard wood chip cement board which is inexpensive, lightweight and has improved strength and fire resistance of a hard wood chip cement board having excellent strength, and a method for producing the same.

[0009]

Means for Solving the Problems The present invention has been made to achieve the above-mentioned object, and the invention according to claim 1 provides a surface layer composition comprising a wood reinforcing material, a cement composition and water. Surface layer obtained by curing the material, a back layer obtained by curing a back layer composition comprising a wood reinforcing material, a cement composition, and water, and provided between the front layer and the back layer. It is composed of an intermediate layer made of a refractory material having low thermal conductivity.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, a surface layer composition comprising a wood reinforcing material, a cement composition and water is provided in a layer on a template, and a refractory material having a low thermal conductivity is provided thereon in a layer. Provided, a back layer composition composed of a wood reinforcing material, a cement composition, and water is provided thereon in a layered form, and a pressure plate is placed thereon,
The surface layer composition and the backside layer composition are cured in a state where the whole is pressed from both sides of the mold plate and the pressure plate with a press machine, and the surface layer composition, the refractory material, and the backside layer composition are integrally formed. .

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a hardwood chip cement board according to the first aspect or a refractory material having a low thermal conductivity used in the method for manufacturing the hardwood cement board according to the second aspect,
It is a fiber selected from inorganic fibers and flame-retardant or non-flammable organic fibers.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a hard wood chip cement board according to the first aspect or a hard wood chip cement board according to the second aspect, wherein the refractory material having a low thermal conductivity is used.
It is a powder of an inorganic material containing air.

As the wood reinforcing material and the cement composition used in the present invention, those used as conventional hard wood chip cement boards described in Conventional Examples 1 and 2 can be used. That is, the wood reinforcing material and the cement composition described in Conventional Example 1 are obtained by pressurizing and hardening at room temperature, and as the wood reinforcing material, powders such as Yonega, Ezomatsu, Akamatsu, Karawang, Beech and the like are used. Thinly sliced products can be suitably used, and Portland cement can be suitably used as the cement composition.

The wood reinforcing material and the cement composition described in Conventional Example 2 are cured by heating, and the wood reinforcing materials include the above-mentioned Yonetsuga, Ezomatsu, Akamatsu, Karawang, beech and the like. Needless to say, cedar, larch, mebira and the like which are not used when hardening at room temperature and containing a component which hinders hardening of cement can also be used. As the cement composition, Portland cement, alumina cement, anhydrous gypsum or / and hemihydrate gypsum, a composition composed of an alkali metal salt of an organic carboxylic acid, or a composition obtained by adding slaked lime to this composition is preferable. Can be used.

At this time, as the wood reinforcing material used for the surface layer, a wood piece containing a large amount of powder such as wood powder is preferable because the surface becomes dense and beautiful. As the wood reinforcing material used for the back layer, a piece of wood having a large length / thickness is preferable because a piece having a large mechanical strength can be obtained. The refractory material having a low thermal conductivity used in the invention according to the first aspect refers to a material having low thermal conductivity, which is incombustible or non-flammable, and is a refractory material used in the invention according to the third aspect, that is, an inorganic material. Fibers selected from fibers, flame-retardant organic fibers, and non-flammable organic fibers, and the refractory material according to claim 4, that is, inorganic powders are preferred.

Inorganic fibers used in the third aspect of the invention include glass fibers, rock wool, alumina silica-based fibers (trade name "ceramic paper" manufactured by Nichias Corporation), zircon fibers, and endothermic materials manufactured by Sumitomo 3M Corporation. Ceramic fibers and the like can be suitably used. Further, as the flame-retardant organic fiber and the non-flammable organic fiber, aramid fiber, non-flammable organic fiber (trade name “Flamex” manufactured by Nitto Denko Corporation) and the like are preferable.

The fibers may be sowed and provided in a layered form, but a sheet made of a woven fabric, a nonwoven fabric, a knit, or the like, or a net formed between the surface layer and the back layer. When it is provided in the form of a layer, the front surface layer and the back surface layer are not easily peeled off, which is preferable. The inorganic material powder containing air used in the invention according to claim 4 includes shirasu powder, shirasu beads,
Preferred are refractory brick powder, glass beads, anti-firestone powder and the like.

(Function) According to the first aspect of the present invention, a surface layer obtained by curing a surface layer composition comprising a wood reinforcing material, a cement composition, and water, a wood reinforcing material, a cement composition, and water are used. Since the back layer obtained by curing the back layer composition consisting of the intermediate layer made of a refractory material having a small thermal conductivity provided between the front layer and the back layer, the surface layer or the back layer Upon heating, an intermediate layer of refractory material with low thermal conductivity slows the conduction of heat to the opposite side,
The rise in temperature of the layer on the opposite side is suppressed, and fire resistance and fire resistance are improved. For example, a hard wood chip cement board having a thickness of 18 mm fails the 1 hour fire test, but a 18 mm hard wood chip cement board provided with an endothermic ceramic fiber made by Sumitomo 3M passes the 1 hour fire test.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, a surface layer composition comprising a wood reinforcing material, a cement composition, and water is provided in a layer on a template, and a refractory material having a low thermal conductivity is provided thereon. Provided, a back layer composition comprising a wood reinforcing material, a cement composition, and water is provided thereon in a layered form, a pressing plate is placed thereon, and the cement is hardened in a state where the entire body is pressed by a press to form a surface layer. Since the composition, the refractory material, and the back layer composition are integrally formed, the hard wood chip cement board manufactured by the invention of claim 2 becomes the hard wood chip cement board described in claim 1 of the present invention, and fire protection is performed. Outer wall material with good heat resistance and fire resistance.

Further, according to the second aspect of the present invention, since only the intermediate layer is provided, the conventional apparatus can be used as it is, and the operation for providing the intermediate layer can be increased and the production can be performed in almost the same operation. Easy to manufacture.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the refractory material having a low thermal conductivity is a fiber selected from inorganic fibers and flame-retardant or non-flammable organic fibers, the intermediate layer has a flame-retardant or non-flammable property. Including the air between the fibers, the heat conductivity is extremely small, and therefore, the hard wood chip cement board provided with the intermediate layer is difficult to transfer the heat heated from one side to the other side, and has a fireproof property.
Outer wall material with good fire resistance.

According to the fourth aspect of the invention, since the refractory material having a small thermal conductivity is a powder of an inorganic material, the intermediate layer is non-flammable and has a very low thermal conductivity including air.
The hard wood chip cement board provided with the intermediate layer hardly transfers the heat heated from one side to the other side, and becomes an outer wall material having good fire resistance and fire resistance.

[0023]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. (Embodiment) FIGS. 1 and 2 show one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a hard wood cement board, and FIG. 2 shows a method of manufacturing a wood cement board. (A) is an explanatory view of a template, (b) is an explanatory view showing a state in which a surface layer is provided in a layer on the template, (c) is an explanatory view showing a state in which an intermediate layer is provided, (d). FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a state in which the back surface layer is provided in a layer shape, and FIG. 4E is an explanatory view showing a state in which the whole is pressurized.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, reference numeral 1 denotes a template. The template 1 is a steel plate having rock-surface irregularities on the entire surface 11 and a lattice-like projection 12.
Reference numeral 2 denotes a pressing plate, and the pressing plate 2 is a steel plate having a smooth surface. Reference numeral 3 denotes a hard wood chip cement board. The hard wood chip cement board 3 includes a surface layer 4, a back layer 5, and an intermediate layer 6.

The surface layer 4 and the back layer 5 are made of the wood piece 1
5 parts by weight, 100 parts by weight of cement composition (50 parts by weight of Portland cement, 25 parts by weight of alumina cement, 15 parts by weight of gypsum hemihydrate, 9 parts by weight of slaked lime, 1 part by weight of sodium citrate) Mixture 41 consisting of 50 parts by weight of water , 51 are cured by heating. The intermediate layer 6 is a nonwoven fabric of nonflammable organic fibers having a thickness of 0.6 mm (trade name “FRAMEX” FX-70 manufactured by Nitto Denko Corporation). The intermediate layer 6 is provided with through holes 61 in some places.

When the physical properties of the intermediate layer 6 (non-combustible organic fiber nonwoven fabric) were measured, the thermal conductivity was 0.030 k.
cal · hr · ° C. and a combustion test (1300 ° C. × 10
Seconds) did not ignite. Reference numeral 7 denotes a press machine. The press machine 7 includes a fixed board 71 and a movable board 72 that moves up and down. Is moved downward and pressurized. A nichrome wire 73 is buried in the vicinity of the surfaces of the fixed board 71 and the moving board 72.
When an electric current is passed through 3, the object to be pressurized can be heated.

Next, a method for manufacturing the hard wood chip cement board will be described. 15 parts by weight of a wood piece of Yonetsuga, 100 parts by weight of a cement composition (50 parts by weight of Portland cement,
25 parts by weight of alumina cement, 15 parts by weight of gypsum hemihydrate, 9 parts by weight of slaked lime, 1 part by weight of sodium citrate), water 50
Mixtures 41, 51 consisting of parts by weight were produced,
2 is spread almost uniformly on the surface of the template 1 as shown in FIG. 2 (b), and an intermediate layer 6 is provided thereon as shown in FIG. 2 (c). As shown in (d), the remaining half 51 is developed almost uniformly, and the pressure plate 2 is placed thereon,
The whole of the mold plate 1 and the press plate 2 from above and below is 30k by the press machine 7.
gf / cm ² (2.9 MPa) At the same time, the mixture was heated to 90 ° C. and taken out of the press after 12 minutes. As a result, a hard wood cement board 3 having a thickness of 18 mm shown in FIG. 1 was produced.

A frame made of a long body having a rectangular cross section is attached to the periphery of the hard wood chip cement board 3, and this frame is attached to a substantially square frame composed of floor beams, ceiling beams, and studs to form an outer wall structure. This outer wall structure is referred to as JIS-A
When the test was carried out according to -1304 "Fire resistance test method for building structural parts", the temperature on the opposite side did not reach 260 ° C, and furthermore, no cracks occurred and the test passed.

(Comparative Example) Using the same mixture of wood chips, cement composition and water as in the example, 18 m in the same manner
m of hard wood chip cement board was manufactured. The hard wood chip cement board has no intermediate layer. Using this hard wood chip cement board, an outer wall structure was made in the same manner as in the example, and the outer wall structure was tested according to JIS-A-1304 “Fire resistance test method for building structural parts”. The temperature reached 260 ° C. in 50 minutes, and cracking occurred in 55 minutes, and a flame came out from this, failing.

[0030]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, a surface layer obtained by hardening a surface layer composition comprising a wood reinforcing material, a cement composition and water, and a wood reinforcing material, a cement composition and water are used. A back layer obtained by curing the back layer composition, and an intermediate layer made of a refractory material having a low thermal conductivity provided between the front layer and the back layer, so that fire resistance and fire resistance are improved. In addition, it can be used for a fireproof structure, and becomes an extremely versatile outer wall material.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, a surface layer composition comprising a wood reinforcing material, a cement composition, and water is provided in a layer on a template, and a refractory material having a low thermal conductivity is provided thereon in a layer. And a backside layer composition comprising a wood reinforcing material, a cement composition and water is provided thereon in a layered form, and a pressure plate is placed thereon, and the surface layer composition and the backside layer are placed in a state where the whole is pressed by a press. Since the composition is cured to form the surface layer composition, the refractory material, and the back layer composition integrally, the hard wood chip cement board produced by the invention of claim 2 is described by the invention of claim 1 It is a hard wood chip cement board, easy to manufacture and convenient.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the refractory material having a low thermal conductivity is a fiber selected from inorganic fibers and flame-retardant or non-flammable organic fibers. The board is made of an outer wall material having good fire resistance and fire resistance, and becomes an extremely versatile outer wall material.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, since the refractory having a low thermal conductivity is a powder of an inorganic material containing air, a hard wood chip cement board using the refractory as an intermediate layer has good fire resistance and fire resistance. It becomes an outer wall material and becomes an extremely versatile outer wall material.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a hard wood chip cement board, showing one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 shows a method for manufacturing a wood chip cement board,
(A) is an explanatory view of a template, (B) is an explanatory view showing a state in which a surface layer is provided in a layer on the template, (C) is an explanatory view showing a state in which an intermediate layer is provided, (D). () Is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which the back surface layer is provided in a layered manner, and (E) is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which the whole is pressurized.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 template 2 pressure plate 3 hard wood chip cement plate 4 surface layer 41 surface layer composition 5 back layer 51 back layer composition 6 middle layer 7 press

──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification symbol FI E04C 2/26 E04C 2/26 P Q E04B 2/00 E04F 13/14 102A E04F 13/14 102 E04C 2/46 G // ( C04B 28/02 J 18:26)

Claims (4)

[Claims] A surface layer obtained by curing a surface layer composition comprising a wood reinforcing material, a cement composition, and water, and a back layer composition comprising a wood reinforcing material, a cement composition, and water are cured. A hard wood chip cement board comprising: a back layer obtained by the above method; and an intermediate layer formed of a refractory material having a low thermal conductivity provided between the front layer and the back layer. 2. A surface layer composition comprising a wood reinforcing material, a cement composition, and water is provided in a layer on a template, and a refractory material having a low thermal conductivity is provided in a layer on the template. A back layer composition comprising a reinforcing material, a cement composition, and water is provided in a layered form, a pressure plate is placed thereon, and a surface layer composition in a state where the whole is pressed from both sides of a template and a pressure plate with a press machine. A method for producing a hard wood chip cement board, comprising curing a back layer composition to integrally form a surface layer composition, a refractory material, and a back layer composition. 3. The refractory material having a small thermal conductivity is made of an inorganic fiber,
The method for producing a hard wood chip cement board according to claim 1 or a hard wood chip cement board according to claim 2, wherein the hard wood chip cement board is a fiber selected from flame-retardant organic fibers and non-flammable organic fibers. 4. The method for producing a hard wood chip cement board according to claim 1, wherein the refractory material having a low thermal conductivity is a powder of an inorganic material containing air. .